View source for 2009 in paleomammalogy

{{Year nav topic20 |2009|paleomammalogy |paleontology |paleobotany |arthropod paleontology |paleoentomology  |paleoichthyology |paleomalacology |reptile paleontology |archosaur paleontology }}
This [[mammalogy|paleomammalogy]] list records new  [[fossil]] [[mammal]] [[taxa]] that were [[binomial nomenclature|described]] during the year 2009, as well as notes other significant paleomammalogy discoveries and events which occurred during that year.

==Mammals==

* A study by J. R. Foster is published estimating the body masses of [[Paleobiota of the Morrison Formation#Mammals|mammals]] from the Late Jurassic [[Morrison Formation]] by [[Regression analysis|using]] the ratio of dentary length to body mass of modern marsupials as a reference. Foster concludes that ''[[Docodon]]'' was the most massive mammal genus of the formation at 141g and ''[[Fruitafossor]]'' was the least massive at 6g. The average Morrison mammal had a mass of 48.5g. A graph of the body mass distribution of Morrison mammal genera produced a [[right-skewed curve]], meaning that there were more low-mass genera.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Foster | first1 = J.R. | year = 2009 | title = Preliminary body mass estimates for mammalian genera of the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic, North America) | journal = PaleoBios | volume = 28 | issue = 3| pages = 114–122 }}</ref>
* {{cite journal | author = Fujiwara S.-I. | year = 2009 | title = Olecranon orientation as an indicator of elbow joint angle in the stance phase, and estimation of forelimb posture in extinct quadruped animals | journal = Journal of Morphology | volume =  270| issue = 9| pages =  1107–1121| doi = 10.1002/jmor.10748 | pmid = 19378290 | s2cid = 23878624 }}
* {{cite journal | author = Fujiwara S.-I., Kuwazuru O., Inuzuka N., Yochikawa N. | year = 2009 | title = Relationship between scapular position and structural strength of rib cage in quadruped animals | journal = Journal of Morphology | volume =  270| issue = 9| pages =  1084–1094| doi = 10.1002/jmor.10744 | pmid = 19378269 | s2cid = 5574036 }}
* {{cite journal | author = Mitchell G., van Sittert S.J., Skinner J.D. | year = 2009 | title = Sexual selection is not the origin of long necks in giraffes | journal = Journal of Zoology | volume =  278| issue = 4| pages =  281–286| doi = 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00573.x }}

{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="8" align="center" |'''Newly named mammals'''
|- 
! Name
! Status
! Authors
! Age
! Unit
! Location
! Notes
! Images
|-
|
''[[Anoiapithecus]]''<ref name="Moyà-Solà2009">{{Cite journal |last1=Moyà-Solà |first1=Salvador |last2=Alba |first2=David M. |last3=Almécija |first3=Sergio |last4=Casanovas-Vilar |first4=Isaac |last5=Köhler |first5=Meike |last6=De Esteban-Trivigno |first6=Soledad |last7=Robles |first7=Josep M. |last8=Galindo |first8=Jordi |last9=Fortuny |first9=Josep |year=2009 |title=A unique Middle Miocene European hominoid and the origins of the great ape and human clade |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]] |volume=106 |issue=24 |pages=9601–9606 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0811730106 |pmid=19487676 |pmc=2701031 |bibcode = 2009PNAS..106.9601M |doi-access=free }}.</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Moyà-Solà
* Alba
* et al.<ref name="anoiapithecus-authors" group="CAL">Moyà-Solà, Alba, Almécija, Casanovas-Vilar, Köhler, De Esteban-Trivigno, Robles, Galindo, Fortuny.</ref>
|
Middle Miocene
|
|
{{flag|Spain}}
|
|
|-
|
''[[Apatemys|Apatemys pygmaeus]]''<ref name=Colpocherus>{{Cite journal |author1=K. Christopher Beard |author2=Mary R. Dawson |year=2009 |title=Early Wasatchian Mammals of the Red Hot Local Fauna, Uppermost Tuscahoma Formation, Lauderdale County, Mississippi |journal=Annals of Carnegie Museum |volume=78 |issue=3 |pages=193–243 |doi=10.2992/007.078.0301 |s2cid=86281527 }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of the family [[Apatemyidae]].
|
|-
|
''[[Arcantiodelphys]]''<ref name="Vullo">{{cite journal |author1=Romain Vullo |author2=Emmanuel Gheerbrant |author3=Christian de Muizon |author4=Didier Néraudeau |year=2009 |title=The oldest modern therian mammal from Europe and its bearing on stem marsupial paleobiogeography |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |pmid=19892730 |volume=106 |issue=47 |pmc=2785266 |pages=19910–19915 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0902940106 |bibcode=2009PNAS..10619910V |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Valid 
| 
* Vullo
* Gheerbrant
* et al.<ref name="arcantiodelphys-authors" group="CAL">Vullo, Gheerbrant, de Muizon, Néraudeau.</ref>
|
Cenomanian
|
|
{{flag|France}}
|
|
|-
| 
''[[Arvicanthis broekhuisi]]''<ref name=HJG44>{{cite journal |author1=Kees Hordijk |author2=Hans de Bruijn |year=2009 |title=The succession of rodent faunas from the Mio/Pliocene lacustrine deposits of the Florina-Ptolemais-Servia Basin (Greece) |journal=Hellenic Journal of Geosciences |volume=44 |pages=21–103 |url=http://www.hellenjgeosci.geol.uoa.gr/44/GEOL%2044%2021-104.pdf }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Hordijk
* De Bruijn
|
Latest [[Miocene]] or earliest [[Pliocene]]
|
[[Komnina Formation]]
|
{{flag|Greece}}
|
A [[rodent]] belonging to the family [[Muridae]], a species of ''[[Arvicanthis]]''.
|
|-
|
''[[Bonisicyon]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=Lars Werdelin  |author2=Scott W. Simpson |year=2009 |title=The last amphicyonid (Mammalia, Carnivora) in Africa |journal=Geodiversitas |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=775–787 |doi=10.5252/g2009n4a775 |s2cid=73677723 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/5372110 }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Werdelin & Simpson
|
Late Miocene
|
|
{{flag|Ethiopia}}<br>
{{flag|Kenya}}
|
A [[bear dog]]. The type species is ''Bonisicyon illacabo''.
|
|-
|
''[[Choctawius]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of [[Primatomorpha]] belonging to the family [[Microsyopidae]]. The type species is ''C. foxi''; genus also includes ''"Navajovius" mckennai'' Szalay (1969).
|
|-
|
''[[Colpocherus]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of the family [[Amphilemuridae]]. The type species is ''C. mississippiensis''.
|
|-
|
''[[Corbarimys|Corbarimys? nomadus]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A [[rodent]] related to members of the genus ''[[Paramys]]''.
|
|-
|
''[[Corriebaatar]]''<ref name="Rich"><!--{{Sfn|Rich|Vickers-Rich|Flannery|Kear|2009}}-->{{cite journal | last1 = Rich | first1 = T. H. | last2 = Vickers-Rich | first2 = P. | last3 = Flannery | first3 = T. F. | last4 = Kear | first4 = B. P. | last5 = Cantrill | first5 = D. J. | last6 = Komarower | first6 = P. | last7 = Kool | first7 = L. | last8 = Pickering | first8 = D. | last9 = Rusler | first9 = P. | last10 = Morton | first10 = S.|last11 = van Klaveren | first11 = N.|last12 = Fitzgerald | first12 = E. M. G. | year = 2009 | doi = 10.4202/app.2009.0101 | pages = 1–6 | title = An Australian multituberculate and its palaeobiogeographic implications | journal = Acta Palaeontologica Polonica | volume = 54 | issue = 1 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.527.9540 | s2cid = 30933794 }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Rich
* Vickers-Rich
* et al.<ref name="corriebaatar-authors" group="CAL">Rich, Vickers-Rich, Flannery, Kear, Cantrill, Komarower, Kool, Pickering, Trusler, Morton, van Klaveren, Fitzgerald.</ref>
|
Aptian
|
[[Wonthaggi Formation]]
|
{{flag|Australia}}
|
First Australian multituberculate.
|
|-
| 
''[[Darwinius]]''<ref name="Franzen">{{cite journal |last1=Franzen |first1=JL |last2=Gingerich |first2=PD |last3=Habersetzer |first3=J |last4=Hurum |first4=JH |last5=Von Koenigswald |first5=W |last6=Smith |first6=BH |last7=Hawks |first7=John |author8=Jens L. Franzen |author9=Philip D. Gingerich |author10=Jörg Habersetzer |author11=Jørn H. Hurum |author12=Wighart von Koenigswald |author13=B. Holly Smith |author13-link=B. Holly Smith |year=2009 |title=Complete Primate Skeleton from the Middle Eocene of Messel in Germany: Morphology and Paleobiology |journal=[[PLoS ONE]] |pmid=19492084 |volume=4 |issue=5 |pmc=2683573 |pages=e5723 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0005723 |bibcode=2009PLoSO...4.5723F |editor1-last=Hawks |editor1-first=John|doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Franzen
* Gingerich
* et al.<ref name="darwinius-authors" group="CAL">Franzen, Gingerich, Habersetzer, Hurum, von Koenigswald, Smith.</ref>
|
early Geiseltalian
|
[[Messel Formation]]
|
{{flag|Germany}}
|
|
[[Image:Darwinius masillae holotype slabs.jpg|thumb|150px|center|''[[Darwinius]]'']]
|-
|
''[[Diaceratherium|Diaceratherium massiliae]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=Bernard Ménouret  |author2=Claude Guérin |year=2009 |title=''Diaceratherium massiliae'' nov. sp. des argiles oligocènes de Saint-André et Saint-Henri à Marseille et de Les Milles près d'Aix-en-Provence (SE de la France), premier grand Rhinocerotidae brachypode européen |journal=Geobios |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=293–327 |doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2008.10.009}}.</ref>
|
Disputed
|
* Ménouret & Guérin
|
Late Oligocene
|
|
{{flag|France}}
|
A rhinoceros. Originally described as a species of ''Diaceratherium''; Tissier, Antoine & Becker (2021) interpreted it as a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|junior synonym]] of ''[[Ronzotherium]] romani''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tissier |first1=J. |last2=Antoine |first2=P.-O. |last3=Becker |first3=D. |title=New species, revision, and phylogeny of ''Ronzotherium'' Aymard, 1854 (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae) |year=2021 |journal=European Journal of Taxonomy |issue=753 |pages=1–80 |doi=10.5852/ejt.2021.753.1389 |s2cid=236275994 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
|-
|
''[[Diacocherus|Diacocherus dockeryi]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of [[Erinaceomorpha]] belonging to the group [[Litocherinae]].
|
|-
|
''[[Disallomys]]''<ref name=BlueAshfaunaAplodontidae>{{Cite journal |author=William W. Korth |year=2009 |title=Mammals from the Blue Ash local fauna (late Oligocene), South Dakota. Rodentia, Part 4: Family Aplodontidae |journal=Paludicola |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=89–106 |url=http://vortex.weather.brockport.edu/~jmassare/rivp/Paludicola-Articles/Korth%202009c.pdf |access-date=2015-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713032356/http://vortex.weather.brockport.edu/~jmassare/rivp/Paludicola-Articles/Korth%202009c.pdf |archive-date=2015-07-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Korth
|
Late Oligocene
|
|
{{flagu|United States}}
|
An [[Aplodontiidae|aplodontiid]] rodent, a new genus for the species ''"[[Allomys]]" storeri'' Tedrow and Korth. Genus also contains two new species: ''Disallomys robustus'' and ''D. intermedius''.
|
|-
|
''[[Douglassciurus|Douglassciurus sapphirus]]''<ref name=BlueAshfaunaSciuridae>{{Cite journal |author=William W. Korth |year=2009 |title=Mammals from the Blue Ash local fauna (late Oligocene), South Dakota. Rodentia, Part 3: Family Sciuridae |journal=Paludicola |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=47–60 |url=http://vortex.weather.brockport.edu/~jmassare/rivp/Paludicola-Articles/Korth%202009a.pdf |access-date=2018-01-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812093523/http://vortex.weather.brockport.edu/~jmassare/rivp/Paludicola-Articles/Korth%202009a.pdf |archive-date=2017-08-12 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Korth
|
Late Oligocene
|
|
{{flagu|United States}}
|
A [[Sciurinae|sciurine]] [[squirrel]], a species of ''Douglassciurus''.
|
|-
| 
''[[Duerotherium]]''<ref name="Cuesta">{{cite journal |last1=Cuesta |first1=Miguel-ÁNgel |last2=Badiola |first2=Ainara |author3=Miguel-Ángel Cuesta |author4=Ainara Badiola |year=2009 |title=Duerotherium sudrei gen. et sp. nov., a new anoplotheriine artiodactyl from the middle Eocene of the Iberian Peninsula |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=303–308 |doi=10.1671/039.029.0110 |s2cid=55546022 }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Cuesta
* Badiola
|
Middle Eocene
|
|
|
An anoplotheriine [[artiodactyla|artiodactyl]]
|
|-
|
''[[Ectocion|Ectocion nanabeensis]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
|
|-
|
''[[Eogale]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of the family [[Miacidae]]. The type species is ''E. parydros''.
|
|-
|
''[[Eritherium]]''<ref name="Gheerbrant">{{cite journal |author=Emmanuel Gheerbrant |year=2009 |title=Paleocene emergence of elephant relatives and the rapid radiation of African ungulates |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |pmid=19549873 |volume=106 |issue=26 |pmc=2705600 |pages=10717–10721 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0900251106 |bibcode = 2009PNAS..10610717G |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Gheerbrant
|
Early Thanetian
|
[[Ouled Abdoun basin]]
|
{{flag|Morocco}}
|
The oldest, smallest and most primitive elephant relative.
|
|-
|
''[[Franimys|Franimys? actites]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A [[rodent]] related to members of the genus ''[[Paramys]]''.
|
|-
|
''[[Ganlea]]''<ref name="Beard">{{cite journal |last1=Beard |first1=KC |last2=Marivaux |first2=L |last3=Chaimanee |first3=Y |last4=Jaeger |first4=JJ |last5=Marandat |first5=B |last6=Tafforeau |first6=P |last7=Soe |first7=AN |author8=K. Christopher Beard |last9=Laurent Marivaux |author10=Yaowalak Chaimanee |author11=Jean-Jacques Jaeger |author12=Bernard Marandat |author13=Paul Tafforeau |author14=Aung Naing Soe |author15=Soe Thura Tun |author16=Aung Aung Kyaw |year=2009 |first9=AA |title=A new primate from the Eocene Pondaung Formation of Myanmar and the monophyly of Burmese amphipithecids |journal=[[Proceedings of the Royal Society B]] |pmid=19570790 |volume=276 |issue=1671 |pmc=2817178 |pages=3285–3294 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2009.0836 }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Beard
* Marivaux
* et al.<ref name="ganlea-authors" group="CAL">Beard, Marivaux, Chaimanee, Jaeger, Marandat, Tafforeau, Soe, Tun, Kyaw.</ref>
|
late Middle Eocene
|
[[Pondaung Formation]]
|
{{flag|Myanmar|1974}}
|
|
|-
|
''[[Haplomylus|Haplomylus meridionalis]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of the family [[Hyopsodontidae]].
|
|-
|
''[[Heliscomys|Heliscomys walshi]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author=Thomas S. Kelly |year=2009 |title=A new species of ''Heliscomys'' (Rodentia, Heliscomyidae) from the Duchesnean (middle Eocene) Simi Valley landfill local fauna, Sespe Formation, California |journal=Paludicola |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=67–77}}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Kelly
|
Middle Eocene
|
[[Sespe Formation]]
|
{{flagu|United States}}
|
A [[Heliscomyidae|heliscomyid]] rodent, a species of ''Heliscomys''.
|
|-
|
''[[Howellictis]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Louis de Bonis |author2=Stephane Peigné |author3=Franck Guy |author4=Andossa Likius |author5=Hassane T. Makaye |author6=Patrick Vignaud |author7=Michel Brunet |year=2009 |title=A new mellivorine (Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Late Miocene of Toros Menalla, Chad |journal=Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen |volume=252 |issue=1 |pages=33–54 |doi=10.1127/0077-7749/2009/0252-0033 }}</ref>
|
Valid 
| 
* De Bonis ''et al.''
|
Late [[Miocene]]
|
|
{{flag|Chad}}
|
A member of [[Mustelidae]] belonging to the subfamily [[Mellivorinae]]. The type species is ''H. valentini''.
|
|-
| 
''[[Kahawamys]]''<ref name="Stevens">{{cite journal |last1=Stevens |first1=Nancy J. |last2=Holroyd |first2=Patricia A. |last3=Roberts |first3=Eric M. |last4=O'Connor |first4=Patrick M. |last5=Gottfried |first5=Michael D. |author6=Nancy J. Stevens |author7=Patricia A. Holroyd |author8=Eric M. Roberts |author9=Patrick M. O'connor |author10=Michael D. Gottfried |year=2009 |title=''Kahawamys mbeyaensis'' (n. gen., n. sp.) (Rodentia: Thryonomyoidea) from the late Oligocene Rukwa Rift Basin, Tanzania |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=631–634 |doi=10.1671/039.029.0219 |s2cid=140590080 |url=http://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/rukwa/documents/Stevens%20et%20al%202009%20Kahawamys%20mbeyaensis.pdf |access-date=26 August 2010 <!--DASHBot--> |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707153731/http://www.oucom.ohiou.edu/rukwa/documents/Stevens%20et%20al%202009%20Kahawamys%20mbeyaensis.pdf |archive-date=7 July 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Stevens
* Holroyd
* et al.<ref name="kahawamys-authors" group="CAL">Stevens, Holroyd, Roberts, O'connor, Gottfried.</ref>
|
Late Oligocene
|
[[Nsungwe Formation]]
|
{{flag|Tanzania}}
|
A thryonomyoid [[rodent]]
|
|-
|
''[[Legionarictis]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Zhijie Jack Tseng |author2=Xiaoming Wang |author3=J.D. Stewart |year=2009 |title=A new immigrant mustelid (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the middle Miocene Temblor Formation of central California |journal=PaleoBios |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=13–23 |url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1gj4j3z2 }}</ref>
|
Valid 
| 
* Tseng
* Wang
* Stewart
|
Miocene ([[Barstovian]])
|
[[Temblor Formation]]
|
{{flagu|United States}}
|
A [[Mustelidae|mustelid]]. The type species is ''Legionarictis fortidens''.
|
|-
|
''[[Maiacetus]]''<ref name="Gingerich">{{cite journal |last1=Gingerich |first1=PD |last2=Ul-Haq |first2=M |last3=Von Koenigswald |first3=W |last4=Sanders |first4=WJ |last5=Smith |first5=BH |last6=Zalmout |first6=IS |last7=Sereno |first7=Paul |author8=Philip D. Gingerich |author9=Munir ul-Haq |author10=Wighart von Koenigswald |author11=William J. Sanders |author12=B. Holly Smith |author13=Iyad S. Zalmout |year=2009 |title=New Protocetid Whale from the Middle Eocene of Pakistan: Birth on Land, Precocial Development, and Sexual Dimorphism |journal=[[PLoS ONE]] |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=e4366 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0004366 |pmid=19194487 |pmc=2629576 |bibcode = 2009PLoSO...4.4366G |editor1-last=Sereno |editor1-first=Paul |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Gingerich
* ul-Haq
* et al.<ref name="maiacetus-authors" group="CAL">Gingerich, ul-Haq, von Koenigswald, Sanders, Smith, Zalmout.</ref>
|
early Middle Eocene
|
[[Habib Rahi Formation]]
|
{{flag|Pakistan}}
|
|
[[Image:Maiacetus.jpg|thumb|150px|center|''[[Maiacetus]]'']]
|
|-
|
''[[Maddenia (mammal)|Maddenia]]''<ref name = "maddenia">Alejandro G. Kramarz and Mariano Bond. [http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=6&fid=3978316&jid=SYP&volumeId=7&issueId=01&aid=3978312&bodyId=&membershipNumber=&societyETOCSession=&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S147720190800268X A new oligocene astrapothere (Mammalia, Meridiungulata) from Patagonia and a new appraisal of astrapothere phylogeny]. ''Journal of Systematic Palaeontology'' (2009), 7 : pp 117-128</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Kramarz
* Bond
|
Late Oligocene
|
[[Sarmiento Formation]]
|
{{flag|Argentina}}
|
An astrapothere [[Astrapotheriidae|astrapotherid]].
|
|-
|
''[[Meiconodon]]''<ref name="Kusuhashi">{{cite journal |last1=Kusuhashi |first1=Nao |last2=Hu |first2=Yaoming |last3=Wang |first3=Yuanqing |last4=Hirasawa |first4=Satoshi |last5=Matsuoka |first5=Hiroshige |author6=Nao Kusuhashi |author7=Yaoming Hu |author8=Yuanqing Wang |author9=Satoshi Hirasawa |author10=Hiroshige Matsuoka |year=2009 |title=New triconodontids (Mammalia) from the Lower Cretaceous Shahai and Fuxin formations, northeastern China |journal=Geobios |volume=42 |issue=6 |pages=765–781 |doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2009.06.003 }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Kusuhashi
* Hu
* et al.<ref name="meiconodon-authors" group="CAL">Kusuhashi, Hu, Wang, Hirasawa, Matsuoka.</ref>
|
Aptian/Albian
|
[[Fuxin Formation]] <br>
[[Shahai Formation]]
|
{{flag|China}}
|
A alticonodontine [[Triconodontidae|triconodontid]]
|
|-
|
''[[Miacis|Miacis igniculus]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
|
|-
| 
''[[Microtodon komanensis]]''<ref name=HJG44 />
|
Valid
| 
* Hordijk
* De Bruijn
|
Early [[Pliocene]]
|
[[Ptolemais Formation]]
|
{{flag|Greece}}
|
A [[rodent]].
|
|-
|
''[[Mimoperadectes|Mimoperadectes houdei]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=Inés Horovitz |author2=Thomas Martin |author3=Jonathan Bloch |author4=Sandrine Ladevèze |author5=Cornelia Kurz |author6=Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra |year=2009 |title=Cranial Anatomy of the Earliest Marsupials and the Origin of Opossums |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=4 |issue=12 |pages=e8278 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0008278 |pmc=2789412 |pmid=20016823 |bibcode=2009PLoSO...4.8278H |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Horovitz ''et al.''
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
[[Willwood Formation]]
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
|
|-
|
''[[Mimoperadectes|Mimoperadectes sowasheensis]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
|
|-
| 
''[[Miosengi]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ari Grossman |author2=Patricia A. Holroyd |year=2009 |title=''Miosengi butleri'', gen. et sp. nov., (Macroscelidea) from the Kalodirr Member, Lothidok Formation, Early Miocene of Kenya |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=957–960 |doi=10.1671/039.029.0318 |s2cid=86028715 }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Grossman
* Holroyd
|
Early [[Miocene]]
|
Lothidok Formation
|
{{flag|Kenya}}
|
An [[elephant shrew]]. The type species is ''M. butleri''.
|
|-
|
''[[Least weasel|Mustela nivalis kudarensis]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Baryshnikov |first=Gennady F. |year=2009 |title=Pleistocene Mustelidae (Carnivora) from Paleolithic site in Kudaro Caves in the Caucasus |journal=Russian Journal of Theriology |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=75–95 |url=http://zmmu.msu.ru/rjt/articles/ther8_2%20075_095%20Baryshnikov.pdf |doi=10.15298/rusjtheriol.08.2.02 }}.</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Baryshnikov
|
Middle to late Pleistocene
|
|
[[South Ossetia]]
|
A fossil subspecies of the least weasel.
|
|-
|
''[[Myomimus igdeliensis]]''<ref>{{cite book |author =Fadime Suata-Alpaslan |year=2009 |chapter=''Myomimus igdeliensis'' nov. sp. (Gerbillinae, Rodentia-Mammalia) from the Early Pliocene/ Ruscinian fauna of Iğdeli (Turkey) |title=9th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference : modern management of mine producing, geology and environmental protection, SGEM2009 |volume=Conference proceedings Vol. 1 |pages=91–98 |chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323342563 |isbn=978-954-91818-1-4 }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Suata-Alpaslan
|
Early [[Pliocene]] ([[Ruscinian]])
|
|
{{flag|Turkey}}
|
A [[dormouse]], a species of ''[[Myomimus]]''.
|
|-
|
''[[Mytonolagus|Mytonolagus ashcrafti]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=Łucja Fostowicz-Frelik |author2=Alan R. Tabrum |year=2009 |title=Leporids (Mammalia, Lagomorpha) from the Diamond O Ranch Local Fauna, Latest Middle Eocene of Southwestern Montana |journal=Annals of Carnegie Museum |volume=78 |issue=3 |pages=253–271 |doi=10.2992/007.078.0303 |s2cid=85013735 }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Fostowicz-Frelik & Tabrum
|
[[Eocene]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of the family [[Leporidae]].
|
|-
|
''[[Nalameryx]]''<ref name="Métais2009">{{cite journal |last1=Métais |first1=GréGoire |last2=Welcomme |first2=Jean-Loup |last3=Ducrocq |first3=StéPhane |author4=Grégoire Métais |author5=Jean-Loup Welcomme |author6=Stéphane Ducrocq |year=2009 |title=New Lophiomerycid Ruminants from the Oligocene of the Bugti Hills (Balochistan, Pakistan) |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=231–241 |doi=10.1671/039.029.0115 |s2cid=129509229 }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Métais
* Welcomme
* Ducrocq
|
Middle Oligocene
|
[[Chitarwata Formation]]
|
{{flag|Pakistan}}
|
A lophiomerycid [[Ruminantia|ruminant]]
|
|-
|
''[[Naranius|Naranius americanus]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of the family [[Cimolestidae]].
|
|-
|
''[[Niglarodon|Niglarodon brachyodon]]''<ref name=BlueAshfaunaAplodontidae />
|
Valid
|
* Korth
|
Late Oligocene
|
|
{{flagu|United States}}
|
An [[Aplodontiidae|aplodontiid]] rodent, a species of ''Niglarodon''.
|
|-
|
''[[Notiolofos]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=Mariano Bond |author2=Marcelo A. Reguero |author3=Sergio F. Vizcaíno |author4=Sergio A. Marenssi |author5=Edgardo Ortiz-Jaureguizar |year=2009 |title=''Notiolofos'', a replacement name for ''Notolophus'' Bond, Reguero, Vizcaíno, and Marenssi, 2006, a preoccupied name |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=979 |doi=10.1671/039.029.0321 |s2cid=84808731 }}.</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Bond ''et al.''
|
[[Eocene]]
|
[[La Meseta Formation]]
|
[[Antarctica]]<br>([[Seymour Island]])
|
A member of [[Litopterna]] belonging to the family [[Sparnotheriodontidae]]; a replacement name for ''Notolophus'' Bond ''et al.'' (2006).<ref>{{cite book |author1=M. Bond |author2=M. A. Reguero |author3=S. F. Vizcaíno |author4=S. A. Marenssi |s2cid=140546667 |year=2006 |chapter=A new ‘South American ungulate’ (Mammalia: Litopterna) from the Eocene of the Antarctic Peninsula |editor1=J. E. Francis |editor2=D. Pirrie |editor3=J. A. Crame |title=Cretaceous-tertiary high-latitude palaeoenvironments: James Ross Basin, Antarctica |journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications |publisher=The Geological Society of London |volume= 258|pages=163–176 |doi= 10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.258.01.12 }}</ref>
|
|-
|
''[[Occitanomys|Occitanomys (Rhodomys) vandami]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author=Fadime Suata-Alpaslan |year=2009 |title=''Occitanomys (Rhodomys) vandami'' nov. sp. (Muridae, Mammalia) from the Early Pliocene/Early Ruscinian Fauna of Iğdeli (Turkey) |journal=The Open Geology Journal |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=64–69 |doi=10.2174/1874262900903010064 |bibcode=2009OGJ.....3...64S |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Suata-Alpaslan
|
Early [[Pliocene]] ([[Ruscinian]])
|
|
{{flag|Turkey}}
|
A member of the family [[Muridae]].
|
|-
|
''[[Ochotona mediterranensis]]''<ref>{{cite book |author =Fadime Suata-Alpaslan |year=2009 |chapter=''Ochotona mediterranensis'' nov. sp. (Lagomorpha- Mammalia) from Early Plıocene of Iğdeli (Anatolia-Turkey) |title=9th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference : modern management of mine producing, geology and environmental protection, SGEM2009 |volume=Conference proceedings Vol. 1 |pages=99–104 |chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323342490 |isbn=978-954-91818-1-4 }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Suata-Alpaslan
|
Early [[Pliocene]] ([[Ruscinian]])
|
|
{{flag|Turkey}}
|
A [[pika]].
|
|-
|
''[[Oligospermophilus|Oligospermophilus emryi]]''<ref name=BlueAshfaunaSciuridae />
|
Valid
|
* Korth
|
Late Oligocene
|
|
{{flagu|United States}}
|
A [[Cedromurinae|cedromurine]] [[squirrel]], a species of ''Oligospermophilus emryi''.
|
|-
|
''[[Palaeosinopa|Palaeosinopa aestuarium]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
|
|-
|
''[[Paramys|Paramys dispar]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
|
|-
|
''[[Praesinomegaceros|Praesinomegaceros venustus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vislobokova |first=Inessa |year=2009 |title=A new species of Megacerini (Cervidae, Artiodactyla) from the Late Miocene of Taralyk-Cher, Tuva (Russia), and remarks on the relationships of the group |journal=Geobios |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=397–410 |doi=10.1016/j.geobios.2008.12.004}}.</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Vislobokova
|
Late Miocene (late [[Turolian]])
|
|
{{flag|Russia}}
|
A megacerine deer, a species of ''Praesinomegaceros''.
|
|-
|
''[[Proconsul meswae]]''<ref name=Pmeswae>{{Cite journal |author1=Terry Harrison |author2=Peter Andrews |year=2009 |title=The anatomy and systematic position of the early Miocene proconsulid from Meswa Bridge, Kenya |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |volume=56 |issue=5 |pages=479–496 |doi=10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.02.005 |pmid=19394999 }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Harrison
* Andrews
|
Early [[Miocene]]
|
|
{{flag|Kenya}}
|
A species of ''[[Proconsul (mammal)|Proconsul]]''<ref name=Pmeswae /> or ''[[Ugandapithecus]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=M. Pickford |author2=B. Senut |author3=D. Gommery |author4=E. Musiime |year=2009 |title=Distinctiveness of ''Ugandapithecus'' from ''Proconsul'' |journal=Estudios Geológicos |volume=65 |issue=2 |pages=183–241 |doi=10.3989/egeol.39926.071 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
|-
|
''[[Prosciurus|Prosciurus clausulus]]''<ref name=BlueAshfaunaAplodontidae />
|
Valid
|
* Korth
|
Late Oligocene
|
|
{{flagu|United States}}
|
An [[Aplodontiidae|aplodontiid]] rodent, a species of ''Prosciurus''.
|
|-
|
''[[Proterix|Proterix minimus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author=William W. Korth |year=2009 |title=Mammals from the Blue Ash local fauna (late Oligocene), South Dakota. Lipotyphyla and additional Marsupialia |journal=Paludicola |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=78–88 |url=http://vortex.weather.brockport.edu/~jmassare/rivp/Paludicola-Articles/Korth%202009b.pdf |access-date=2018-01-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809063844/http://vortex.weather.brockport.edu/~jmassare/rivp/Paludicola-Articles/Korth%202009b.pdf |archive-date=2017-08-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Korth
|
Late Oligocene
|
|
{{flagu|United States}}
|
An [[Erinaceidae|erinaceid]], a species of ''Proterix''.
|
|-
|
''[[Pseudomeriones hansi]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author=Fadime Suata-Alpaslan |year=2009 |title=''Pseudomeriones hansi'' nov. sp. (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Early Pliocene (Ruscinian) Fauna of Iğdeli (Turkey) |journal=The Open Geology Journal |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=58–63 |doi=10.2174/1874262900903010058 |bibcode=2009OGJ.....3...58S |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Suata-Alpaslan
|
Early [[Pliocene]] ([[Ruscinian]])
|
|
{{flag|Turkey}}
|
A [[Gerbillinae|gerbil]].
|
|-
| 
''[[Puijila]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Natalia Rybczynski |author2=Mary R. Dawson |author3=Richard H. Tedford |year=2009 |title=A semi-aquatic Arctic mammalian carnivore from the Miocene epoch and origin of Pinnipedia |journal=Nature |volume=458 |issue=23 April |pages=1021–1024 |doi=10.1038/nature07985 |pmid=19396145|bibcode = 2009Natur.458.1021R |s2cid=4371413 }}</ref>
|
Valid
| 
* Rybczynski
* Dawson
* Tedford
|
Early Miocene 
|
|
{{flag|Canada}}
|
Extinct genus of pinniped.
|
[[Image:Puijila.jpg|thumb|150px|center|''[[Puijila]]'']]
|-
|
''[[Migraveramus|Sallamys quispea]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=Bruce J. Shockey |author2=Rodolfo Salas Gismondi |author3=Phillip Gans |author4=Annie Jeong |author5=John J. Flynn |year=2009 |title=Paleontology and geochronology of the Deseadan (late Oligocene) of Moquegua, Perú |journal=American Museum Novitates |issue=3668 |pages=1–24 |doi=10.1206/662.1 |hdl=2246/6027 |s2cid=54603158 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/280780 }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* Shockey ''et al.''
|
[[Deseadan]]
|
Moquegua Formation<br>
Salla Beds<ref name=JSPPerezetal />
|
{{flag|Bolivia}}<ref name=JSPPerezetal /><br>
{{flag|Peru}}
|
A [[Caviomorpha|caviomorph]] rodent related to the group [[Octodontoidea]]. Originally described as a species of ''[[Sallamys]]''; subsequently transferred to the genus ''Migraveramus'' by Pérez ''et al.'' (in press).<ref name=JSPPerezetal>{{Cite journal|author1=María Encarnación Pérez |author2=Michelle Arnal |author3=Myriam Boivin |author4=María Guiomar Vucetich |author5=Adriana Candela |author6=Felipe Busker |author7=Bernardino Mamani Quispe |title=New caviomorph rodents from the late Oligocene of Salla, Bolivia: taxonomic, chronological, and biogeographic implications for the Deseadan faunas of South America |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |year=2019 |volume=17 |issue= 10|pages= 821–847|doi=10.1080/14772019.2018.1471622 |s2cid=89662626 }}</ref>
|
|-
|
''[[Simplomys]]''<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Israel García-Paredes |author2=Pablo Peláez-Campomanes |author3=M. Ángeles Álvarez-Sierra |year=2018 |title=Gliridae (Rodentia, Mammalia) with a simple dental pattern: a new genus and new species from the European Early and Middle Miocene |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=157 |issue=3 |pages=622–652 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00527.x |doi-access=free }}</ref>
|
Valid
|
* García-Paredes ''in'' García-Paredes, Peláez-Campomanes & Álvarez-Sierra
|
[[Miocene]]
|
|
{{flag|France}}<br>
{{flag|Germany}}<br>
{{flag|Portugal}}<br>
{{flag|Spain}}<br>
{{flag|Switzerland}}
|
A [[dormouse]]. The type species is ''"[[Pseudodryomys]]" simplicidens'' De Bruijn (1966); genus also includes ''"Pseudodryomys" robustus'' De Bruijn (1967), ''"Pseudodryomys" aljaphi'' Hugueney ''et al.'' (1978) and ''"Pseudodryomys" julii'' Daams (1989), as well as new species ''S. meulenorum''.
|
|-
|
''[[Viverriscus]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of the family [[Viverravidae]]. The type species is ''V. omnivorus''.
|
|-
|
''[[Wyonycteris|Wyonycteris primitivus]]''<ref name=Colpocherus />
|
Valid
|
* Beard & Dawson
|
Early [[Wasatchian]]
|
|
{{flag|United States}}
|
A member of [[Soricomorpha]] belonging to the family [[Nyctitheriidae]].
|
|-
|}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=CAL}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:2009 in paleontology]]