View source for Patrick Mackay

{{short description|British serial killer}}
{{About|the British serial killer|the American screenwriter|J. D. Payne and Patrick McKay{{!}}Patrick McKay|the Scottish martial artist|Pat McKay}}
{{EngvarB|date=November 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}

{{Infobox serial killer
| name=Patrick Mackay
| image=Patrick Mackay.jpg
| caption=
| birthname=Patrick David Mackay
| alias=David Groves<ref name="Releasedenied2021" /><br />The Psychopath<ref name="LSM">{{cite AV media |people=[[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] |date=2002 |title=London's Scariest Mysteries: Patrick Mackay |trans-title= |type=TV documentary |language= |url= |access-date= |archive-url= |archive-date= |format= |time= |location= |publisher= |id= |isbn= |oclc= |quote= }}</ref><br />The Devil's Disciple<ref name="Born to Kill?" />  
| birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=yes|1952|9|25}}
| birth_place= [[Middlesex]], England, UK<ref>''The Murder Almanac'' {{ISBN|978-1-89778-404-4}} p. 113</ref>
| death_date= 
| cause= 
| height = 6 ft 2 in (1.88

 m)
| victims=3–13
| country=United Kingdom
| states=
| beginyear=February 1974&nbsp;
| endyear=&nbsp;March 1975
| apprehended=March 1975
| penalty=[[Life imprisonment]] (20-year minimum term)
}}
'''David Groves''',<ref name="Leclere" /> better known by his birth name '''Patrick David Mackay''' (born 25&nbsp;September 1952), is a British [[serial killer]] who is believed to be one of the United Kingdom's most prolific serial murderers.<ref name="LSM" /> He confessed to murdering thirteen people across [[London]], [[Essex]] and [[Kent]] in England between 1973 and 1975.<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc">{{cite web |author1=David Wilson |author1-link=David Wilson (criminologist) |title=First Kill, Last Kill: Patrick Mackay |url=https://ok.ru/video/1070078298671|publisher=Channel 5 |access-date=4 September 2021 |format=TV Documentary |date=2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Patrick Mackay Crime Files|url=https://www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/crime-files/patrick-mackay|url-status=live|website=Crime+Investigation UK}}</ref> After retracting his confessions to nine of the killings, he was convicted of three counts of manslaughter; two additional cases were left to [[lie on file]] and police later found proof that he had killed one of these two victims. All of his confessions were found to match existing unsolved murders in and around London, and no one else has ever been arrested, charged or convicted for these officially still-unsolved crimes. He also attempted to kill a boy as a child.

Officially diagnosed as a psychopath at the age of fifteen, Mackay has been repeatedly denied [[parole]] since 1995 on the basis that he is considered too dangerous for release, although in recent years has been incarcerated in [[open prison]] conditions with day release provisions.<ref name="Leclere">{{cite news |last1=Leclere |first1=Matt |title=Serial killer Patrick Mackay to remain in prison for murder of Kent catholic priest Anthony Crean in Shorne, near Gravesend in 1975 |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/dartford/news/killer-denied-release-for-death-of-kent-priest-247216/ |access-date=4 September 2021 |work=KentOnline |date=14 May 2021}}</ref> In 2020, authorities launched fresh inquiries into his suspected murders, but they were unable to find sufficient evidence.<ref name="Leclere" /> [[Dartford (UK Parliament constituency)|Dartford]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]] [[Gareth Johnson]] has repeatedly voiced his concerns over Mackay's potential release.<ref name="2019KO" /><ref name="releaseattempt2020" /> In July 2022, it was revealed that Mackay's case had been referred to the Parole Board again.<ref name="July2022">{{cite news |title=Serial killer Patrick Mackay who murdered priest with axe in Kent could be freed from prison |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/kent/news/serial-killer-could-be-back-on-streets-this-year-270792/ |access-date=25 July 2022 |work=KentOnline |date=25 July 2022}}</ref>

==Early life==
Mackay was born at Park Royal Hospital, now known as [[Central Middlesex Hospital]] in [[London]]. He grew up with his parents and sisters in [[Dartford]], [[Kent]].<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> His parents were Harold Mackay, a Scottish accountant, and Marion Mackay, a woman of [[Creole peoples|creole]] descent from Guyana. His two sisters were born later in 1954 and 1957.

As a child, Mackay was a frequent victim of [[physical abuse]] at the hands of his father.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> Mackay would perform poorly on his academic grades, bully his younger classmates and frequently have tantrums. A classmate would later describe Mackay as "like a little [[terrorist]]" who physically attacked other pupils.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> He also engaged in cruelty to animals and often tore the wings off birds.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> 

When Mackay was ten years old, Harold (his father) died from a [[heart attack]] on his way to work – the result of complications of [[alcoholism]] and a weak heart. His last words to his son were, "Remember to be good".<ref name="Born to Kill?" /><ref>[http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/mass/patrick_mackay/2.html Patrick Mackay, psychopathic repeat killer] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080401002015/http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/mass/patrick_mackay/2.html |date=1 April 2008 }} – [[Crime Library]] article part 2</ref> Mackay was supposedly unable to come to terms with the loss of his father, telling people Harold was still alive and keeping a photograph of him on his person. He did not go to the funeral in Scotland based on his mother's recommendation. 

Later, he assumed the role of '[[father figure]]' within the family, beating his mother and sisters.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> Mackay's mother eventually moved the family to [[Gravesend]] from [[Dartford]], but family life did not improve and the police were called to the home as frequently as four times a week.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> He was prone to extreme [[tantrum]]s and fits of anger, beating his mother and sister.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> He also attempted to kill a boy younger than himself, and later said he would have succeeded had he not been restrained.<ref name="crimelibrary.com">[http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/mass/patrick_mackay/4.html Patrick Mackay, psychopathic repeat killer] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080401002025/http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/mass/patrick_mackay/4.html |date=1 April 2008 }} – Crime Library article part 4</ref> At 15, Mackay was diagnosed as a [[psychopath]] by a [[psychiatrist]], Dr Leonard Carr, who predicted he would grow up to become a "cold, psychopathic killer."<ref name="crimelibrary.com" /><ref name="Born to Kill?" /> He was removed from his family home on eighteen occasions between the ages of 12 and 22 and put into various specialist schools, institutions and prisons.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> One of his teachers at a specialist school described him as "a potential murderer of women".<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> In October 1968, Mackay was committed to [[Ashworth Hospital|Moss Side Hospital]], [[Liverpool]], as a diagnosed psychopath.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> He was released in 1972.<ref>[http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/mass/patrick_mackay/5.html British maniac Patrick Mackay and the system's Failure]</ref>

==Crimes in adulthood==
As he entered adulthood, Mackay developed a fascination with [[Nazism]], calling himself "Franklin Bollvolt the First" and filling his flat with Nazi memorabilia.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> He lived in London and frequently abused drugs and alcohol.<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /> 

===London theft and murder spree===
Following Mackay's release in 1972, the affluent London areas of [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]] and [[Knightsbridge]] were engulfed by a wave of petty crimes.<ref name="Born to Kill?">{{cite AV media |people=''[[Born to Kill?]]'' |date=20 August 2013 |title=Patrick Mackay: The Devil's Disciple |trans-title= |type=TV documentary |language= |url= |access-date= |archive-url= |archive-date= |format= |time= |location= |publisher= |id= |isbn= |oclc= |quote= }}</ref> Known for being home to the wealthiest London residents and full of luxury shops and high-end restaurants, the areas suddenly saw a massive, unexplained rise in [[muggings]], robberies and handbag snatchings.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> The attacks specifically targeted elderly ladies, and the unidentified attacker would befriend these women and gain access to their homes before committing their crimes.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> It would later be found that Mackay was behind these crimes.<ref name="Born to Kill?" />

On 14 February 1974, 84-year-old Isabella Griffith was physically assaulted, strangled and stabbed in her home in Chelsea by Mackay.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /><ref name="LSM" /> Police were unable to identify him as the perpetrator and the muggings and petty thefts continued in the area.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> Thirteen months later, on 10 March 1975, elderly Adele Price was also killed in her Chelsea home by Mackay who had entered her property asking for a glass of water.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /><ref name="LSM" /> Her granddaughter was coming home at the time and, without knowing, passed the killer as he left the premises after attacking the woman.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> Police were concerned the crime spree and the killings of the two women were linked.<ref name="Born to Kill?" />

===Killing of Father Crean===
Some miles away on 21 March 1975, priest Father Anthony Crean was brutally killed in his home in [[Shorne]], [[Kent]], near to the home of Mackay's mother.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> Crean had been attacked with an [[axe]] in a frenzied attack, with the weapon being found at the scene.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> Mackay had been seen in the area by multiple witnesses.<ref name="LSM" />

An investigating police officer remembered an incident that had occurred some months earlier involving the young Mackay, who had befriended the priest only to break into his home and steal a cheque for £30.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> Although Crean tried to persuade the police not to do so, Mackay was arrested and [[prosecution|prosecuted]] at the time. He was subsequently ordered to pay compensation but never did.<ref name="LSM" /> The incident caused a rift between Mackay and Crean, and the former had returned to London.<ref>[http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/mass/patrick_mackay/9.html Patrick Mackay, psychopathic repeat killer] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080401002040/http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/mass/patrick_mackay/9.html |date=1 April 2008 }} – Crime Library article part 9</ref> After the incident was recalled by the officer, police arrested Mackay, who quickly admitted to killing Crean.<ref name="Born to Kill?" />

===Links to previous crimes discovered===
After his arrest for the murder of Father Crean, Mackay's fingerprints were taken, which were found to match those found at the scene of Adele Price's death.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /> Jewellery and silver fountain pens were found in Mackay's home which had come from robberies he had committed in the Chelsea and [[Belgravia]] areas.<ref name="LSM" /> Mackay took detectives to an area of [[Clapham]] where he said he had thrown a knife he used in his killings.<ref name="LSM" /> The [[Metropolitan Police]] began to investigate Mackay and he was found to have committed many other of the unsolved murders and crimes in the London area.<ref name="Born to Kill?" />

===Confessions===
{{See also|List of unsolved murders in the United Kingdom (1970s)}}
Having willingly confessed to Crean's murder, Mackay then unexpectedly confessed to a series of unsolved murders, 13 in total.<ref name="Born to Kill?" /><ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /> Most of these murders were unknown to the interviewing officers, but investigators checked his descriptions of the killings and found they indeed matched details of unsolved murders that had occurred in and around London.<ref name="Born to Kill?" />

Mackay stated in interviews that his first murder had been of 17-year-old German [[au pair]] Heidi Mnilk, who was murdered on 9 July 1973.<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /> Mackay had stabbed her on a train before opening the door and throwing her out near [[Catford]].<ref name="Born to Kill?" /><ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /> He further stated that he had killed a drunken homeless man by throwing him off a bridge into the Thames in January 1974.<ref name="Kent2019">{{cite news |title=Patrick Mackay: The heinous crimes of Kent's forgotten serial killer |url=https://www.kentlive.news/news/kent-news/patrick-mackay-heinous-crimes-kents-3513734 |access-date=4 September 2021 |work=KentLive |date=7 November 2019}}</ref> Mackay also confessed to the murders of 57-year-old Stephanie Britton and her 4-year-old grandson Christopher Martin on 12 January 1974, saying he had only killed the child as he had been a witness.<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /> He confessed also to the murder of Frank Goodman on 13 June 1974, who had been kicked to death over a pack of cigarettes.<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /> He went on to confess to the murder of 92-year-old Sarah Rodmell in her flat in [[Hackney, London|Hackney]] on 23 December 1974, saying that he had nailed the back door shut and put her stockings in her mouth, and that "killing her was as easy as washing my socks".<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /> He also confessed to the murder of 48-year old Café owner Ivy Davies in [[Southend]] in February 1975, saying he killed her by beating her with a tent peg.<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /><ref name="SundayTelegraph">{{cite news |title=The 11 crimes once linked to killer Patrick Mackay |url=https://www.pressreader.com/uk/the-sunday-telegraph/20190616/281754155838005 |access-date=4 September 2021 |work=The Sunday Telegraph |date=16 June 2019}}</ref> This was accurate as she had been found to have been beaten to death with some sort of metal bar, and Mackay admitted that he knew of Davies and considered robbing her.<ref name="SouthendEcho">{{cite news |title=Essex and Kent serial killer Patrick Mackay could be freed |url=https://www.echo-news.co.uk/news/20516731.essex-kent-serial-killer-patrick-mackay-freed/ |access-date=26 July 2022 |work=Southend Echo |date=25 July 2022}}</ref> He was also then heard bragging about Davies's murder while on remand in [[Brixton Prison]].<ref name="SouthendEcho" /> The three other murders he confessed to were the 1973 murder of Mary Hynes in [[Kentish Town]] and the murders of Isabella Griffith and Adele Price in 1974 and 1975 respectively.<ref name="KentOnline2019">{{cite news |last1=Cox |first1=Lynn |title=Former DI Ken Tappenden talks about Kent's forgotten serial killer Patrick Mackay |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/dartford/news/kents-forgotten-serial-killer-202699/ |access-date=4 September 2021 |work=KentOnline |date=15 April 2019}}</ref>

Investigators concluded that Mackay had been the perpetrator of the mugging and theft spree in Chelsea and Kensington, crimes which were previously unsolved.<ref name="Born to Kill?" />

Mackay later retracted his confessions to all but four of the murders (Griffith, Price, Crean and the homeless man he said he had thrown from a bridge in January 1974).<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /> This meant that there was insufficient evidence to charge him for more than five murders.<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /><ref name="KentOnline2019" /> Police were unable to identify the homeless victim Mackay said he had killed in January 1974.<ref name="Kent2019" />

===Trial===
At his trial in November 1975, Mackay was convicted of the manslaughter of Adele Price, Isabella Griffith and Father Anthony Crean after pleading guilty on the grounds of [[diminished responsibility]].<ref name="Kent2019" /><ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /><ref name="LSM" /> Due to insufficient evidence he was not convicted of the murders of Goodman or Hynes, but the cases were left to [[lie on file]].<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /><ref name="Kent2019" /><ref name="KentOnline2019" /><ref name="SundayTelegraph" /> Police later found evidence which proved he had killed Frank Goodman.<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" /> He was sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum term of 20 years.<ref name="KentOnline2019" /><ref name="Kent2019" /> 

Mackay's defence team had pleaded insanity, but medical experts instead concluded that he was a [[psychopath]] (a personality disorder and not a mental disorder).<ref name="First Kill, last Kill doc" />

==Subsequent developments==
In 1989, he appeared briefly in a BBC documentary ''Forty Minutes'' episode titled "Danger Men" aired in February 1990. Mackay spent time in Hull Prison, where a special unit was set up to deal with one of the "most dangerous and difficult prisoners" in the country. As Mackay is asked if he considers himself a psychopath, he replies: "There is never any suggestion in my mind that I was ever a psychopath".<ref>{{cite web |title=Danger Men |url=https://search.alexanderstreet.com/preview/work/bibliographic_entity%7Cvideo_work%7C2097498 |website=Alexander Street |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)}}</ref>

Mackay's minimum tariff was 20 years, meaning that he became eligible for release in 1995.<ref name="Releasedenied2021">{{cite news |title=Serial killer Patrick Mackay to remain in prison for murder of Kent catholic priest Anthony Crean in Shorne, near Gravesend in 1975 |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/dartford/news/killer-denied-release-for-death-of-kent-priest-247216/ |access-date=30 April 2022 |work=KentOnline |date=14 May 2021}}</ref> He has been repeatedly denied full release by the parole board.<ref name="Releasedenied2021" /> In 2017 he was permitted to move to an [[open prison]] with day release provisions.<ref name="Releasedenied2021" /> In 2019 [[Dartford (UK Parliament constituency)|Dartford]] [[Member of Parliament (UK)|MP]] [[Gareth Johnson]] voiced concern at the potential release of Mackay, raising the issue in [[House of Commons (United Kingdom)|parliament]] and writing to the [[Secretary of State for Justice]].<ref name="2019KO">{{cite news |title=Dartford MP voices concerns over potential release of serial killer Patrick Mackay |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/dartford/news/we-dont-want-a-dangerous-individual-back-on-the-streets-of-kent-204363/ |access-date=30 April 2022 |work=KentOnline |date=13 May 2019}}</ref>

In June 2020 Mackay was again considered for release.<ref name="releaseattempt2020" /> The hearing of the Parole Board was postponed amidst a fresh investigation into Mackay's involvement in the murders to which he had previously confessed, and which he was still suspected of having committed (no one else has ever been arrested or charged for these murders).<ref name="releaseattempt2020">{{Cite web|last=Hunter|first=Chris|date=10 June 2020|title=Release of serial killer Patrick Mackay delayed amidst fresh investigation|url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/gravesend/news/serial-killers-release-delayed-amidst-murder-probe-228542/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=11 June 2020|website=Kent Online|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Releasedenied2021" /> In May 2021 the Parole Board announced he would not be eligible for release but could remain in open prison conditions.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-14|title=Killer denied release for death of Kent priest|url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/dartford/news/killer-denied-release-for-death-of-kent-priest-247216/|access-date=2021-07-15|website=Kent Online|language=en}}</ref><ref name="ES2021">{{cite news |title=Killer jailed in 1975 'not suitable for release' |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/the-old-bailey-kent-london-roman-catholic-b935045.html |access-date=30 April 2022 |work=Evening Standard |date=13 May 2021}}</ref> 

In July 2022, it was revealed that Mackay's case had once again been referred to the Parole Board.<ref name="July2022" /> The son of Ivy Davies said that he was outraged by the announcement but was unable to give an account to the Parole Board of the impact of Mackay's crimes as Mackay was not convicted of her murder.<ref name="SouthendEcho" /> Commenting, he stated: "Everyone knows he did more. He hasn’t shown any remorse. But there's not a lot I can do about it."<ref name="SouthendEcho" />

Mackay has been imprisoned for 47 years as of 2022.<ref name="Releasedenied2021" />

==In popular culture==
===Documentaries===
Mackay's crimes have been featured in a number of documentaries:
*In 2002, an [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] documentary titled ''London's Scariest Mysteries: Patrick Mackay'' documented his crimes.{{sfn|Lucas|2019|p=Bibliography}}
*On 7 October 2012, a series 2 episode of [[Fred Dineage]]'s ''Murder Casebook'' series (alternatively titled ''Murders that Shook the Nation'') covered Mackay's crimes. The episode was titled: ''Patrick Mackay: The Psychopath''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fred Dinenage Murder Casebook |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Fred-Dinenage-Murder-Casebook/dp/B076FQBGVG |website=Prime Video |publisher=Amazon |access-date=30 April 2022}}</ref> 
*On 20 August 2013, a series 5 episode of ''[[Born to Kill?]]'' documented Mackay's crimes. The episode was titled ''Patrick Mackay: The Devil's Disciple''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Born to Kill? Series 5 |url=https://www.radiotimes.com/programme/b-17ot38/born-to-kill-season-5/ |website=RadioTimes.com |access-date=30 April 2022}}</ref> 
*On 1 January 2015, a series 1 episode of high-profile [[criminologist]] [[David Wilson (criminologist)|David Wilson's]] series ''First Kill/Last Kill'' focused on Mackay's crimes.<ref>{{cite web |title=First Kill Last Kill |url=https://www.primevideo.com/detail/First-Kill-Last-Kill/0JGJ5UBLSVB4ZIVKBWL4K0PXVI/ref=atv_nb_lcl_en_US?ie=UTF8 |website=Prime Video |publisher=Amazon |access-date=30 April 2022}}</ref>
*On 1 February 2023, a documentary titled ''Confessions of a Psycho Killer'' was released on Amazon Prime.<ref>{{cite web |title=Confessions of a Psycho Killer |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/placeholder_title/dp/B0B64TNQ8F |website=Prime Video |publisher=Amazon |access-date=1 February 2023}}</ref>

===Books===
*In 1976 authors Tim Clark and John Penycate published a book on Mackay titled ''Psychopath: The Case of Patrick Mackay''. It was published by [[Routledge]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Psychopath: The Case of Patrick Mackay - Tim Clark, John Penycate - Google Books |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-w9BAQAAIAAJ | isbn=9780710084026 |access-date=1 May 2022| last1=Clark | first1=Tim | last2=Penycate | first2=John | year=1976 }}</ref>
*In 2019 a book on Mackay's murders and alleged murders was released by author John Lucas, titled ''Britain's Forgotten Serial Killer: The Terror of the Axeman''.<ref name="ITV2019">{{cite news |title=Concerns over possible release of Kent priest's killer |url=https://www.itv.com/news/meridian/2019-04-12/concerns-over-possible-release-of-kent-priests-killer |access-date=30 April 2022 |work=ITV News |date=12 April 2019}}</ref>{{sfn|Lucas|2019}} The book contributed to the rising concerns of Mackay's possible release.<ref name="ITV2019" />

==See also==
*[[List of serial killers in the United Kingdom]]
*[[List of serial killers by number of victims]]
*[[Open prison#Open prisons in the United Kingdom|List of open prisons in the United Kingdom]] – Mackay has since 2017 been held in one of England's 12 open prisons
*[[John Cannan]] – murderer and suspected killer of [[Suzy Lamplugh]], also eligible for parole in 2022
*[[Allan Grimson]] – another British killer suspected of killing dozens of victims who is now eligible for release
*[[Jordan Worth]] – high-profile UK female criminal released from prison in 2022 (abuser of [[Alex Skeel]])

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book |last1=Clark |first1=Tim |last2=Penycate |first2=John |title=Psychopath: The Case of Patrick Mackay |date=1976 |publisher=Routledge and K. Paul |location=London |isbn=9780710084026}}
*{{cite book |last1=Lucas |first1=John |title=Britain's Forgotten Serial Killer: The Terror of the Axeman |date=2019 |publisher=Pen & Sword |location=Barnsley |isbn=9781526748850}}

==External links==
*[https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3gzgs2       2013 ''Born to Kill?'' documentary on Mackay]
*[https://ok.ru/video/1070078298671               2015 ''First Kill/Last Kill'' documentary on Mackay]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mackay, Patrick}}
[[Category:1952 births]]
[[Category:20th-century English criminals]]
[[Category:British burglars]]
[[Category:English people of Scottish descent]]
[[Category:English people of Guyanese descent]]
[[Category:Criminals from Kent]]
[[Category:English people convicted of manslaughter]]
[[Category:English prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment]]
[[Category:English serial killers]]
[[Category:People from Dartford]]
[[Category:People with antisocial personality disorder]]
[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by England and Wales]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Male serial killers]]