View source for Oregon Ballot Measure 114

{{Short description|Oregon gun law state initiative}}
{{Infobox referendum
| name = Ballot Measure 114
| title = Changes to Firearm Ownership and Purchase Requirements Initiative
| country = Oregon
| yes = 969,215
| no = 942,161	
| invalid =
| total = 
| map = 2022 Oregon Measure 114 results map by county.svg
| mapcaption = Results by county<br>'''Yes''': {{legend0|#B6C8D9|50–60%}} {{legend0|#7D9CBB|60–70%}} {{legend0|#47729E|70–80%}}<br>'''No''': {{legend0|#DEDEBD|50–60%}} {{legend0|#BCBC83|60–70%}} {{legend0|#8B8B54|70–80%}} {{legend0|#5D5D2D|80–90%}}
| notes =
}}

'''Oregon Ballot Measure 114''', the Changes to Firearm Ownership and Purchase Requirements Initiative, is an [[Oregon]] state [[Popular initiative|initiative]] that was narrowly approved by voters on [[2022 Oregon elections|November 8, 2022]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Hughes |first=Lillian Mongeau |date=November 11, 2022 |title=Oregon gun access measure narrowly passes, bringing joy and sadness |language=en |work=[[OPB]] |url=https://www.opb.org/article/2022/11/11/oregon-gun-measure-114-passes-reactions/ |access-date=November 13, 2022}}</ref> It changes [[gun laws in Oregon]] to require a permit to purchase or acquire a firearm, and to ban the sale, transfer, and importation of magazines that "are capable of holding" more than ten rounds of ammunition.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!--no byline--> |date=December 8, 2022 |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/politics/2022/11/what-does-oregon-measure-114-require-of-gun-buyers-gun-owners.html |title=What Are Oregon Measure 114's Requirements of Gun Buyers, Gun Owners? |work=Oregon Live |access-date=December 17, 2022}}</ref>

== Description == 
The permit (of a maximum amount of $65) must be purchased from either the [[county sheriff]] or police where the buyer resides. Permits are issued per person, not per gun, and are valid for five years. Law enforcement will have the ability to deny a permit to those they believe to be a danger to themselves or others, while those denied a permit are able to appeal in court.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Online Voters' Guide {{!}} 2022 General Election |url=https://oregonvotes.gov/voters-guide/english/votersguide.html#Ballot%20Title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026162136/https://oregonvotes.gov/voters-guide/english/votersguide.html#Ballot%20Title |archive-date=October 26, 2022 |access-date=October 24, 2022 |website=Oregon Secretary of State}}</ref> 

The permit to purchase law is similar to the permit requirements in 14 other states and [[Washington D.C.]] To obtain a permit to purchase a firearm, the applicant would be required to take a [[gun safety]] education class, submit their fingerprints, and pass a completed [[background check]].  

The [[high-capacity magazine ban]] would prohibit residents from acquiring magazines that can hold more than ten rounds, as well as implementing a ban on any magazine "that can be readily restored, changed, or converted to accept, more than 10 rounds of ammunition".<ref name=":0" /> Existing magazines that can hold more than ten rounds would be grandfathered in, but could only be used on private property, i.e. not for [[Concealed carry|concealed]] or [[Open carry in the United States|open carry]] in public. Nine other states plus D.C. ban or restrict high-capacity magazines.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bernstein |first=Maxine |date=October 15, 2022 |title=Oregon gun control Measure 114 attracts national attention as one of strictest in U.S. |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/crime/2022/10/oregon-gun-control-measure-114-attracts-national-attention-as-one-of-strictest-in-us.html |access-date=October 24, 2022 |website=[[The Oregonian/OregonLive]] |language=en}}</ref>

== Implementation, enforcement, and effects ==
Sheriffs in [[Klamath County, Oregon|Klamath County]], [[Linn County, Oregon|Linn County]], [[Sherman County, Oregon|Sherman County]], and [[Union County, Oregon|Union County]] declared their refusal to enforce some or all of the new laws,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Manfield |first=Lucas |date=November 12, 2022 |title=Three Oregon Sheriffs Say They Will Not Enforce Measure 114 |url=https://www.wweek.com/news/courts/2022/11/12/three-oregon-sheriffs-say-they-will-not-enforce-measure-114/ |access-date=November 13, 2022 |website=[[Willamette Week]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lehman |first=Chris M. |date=November 10, 2022 |title=Linn County sheriff says part of Oregon gun measure won’t be enforced |url=https://www.klcc.org/politics-government/2022-11-10/linn-county-sheriff-says-part-of-gun-initiative-wont-be-enforced |access-date=November 14, 2022 |website=[[KLCC (FM)|KLCC]] |language=en}}</ref> and gun rights organizations immediately prepared to challenge the constitutionality of the laws in court.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bernstein |first=Maxine |date=November 12, 2022 |title=When will Oregon Measure 114′s gun limits start: Uncertainty reigns |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/crime/2022/11/when-will-oregon-measure-114s-gun-limits-start-uncertainty-reigns.html |access-date=November 13, 2022 |website=[[The Oregonian/OregonLive]] |language=en}}</ref>

On December 6, 2022, [[Harney County, Oregon|Harney County]] Circuit Judge Robert S. Raschio issued a [[temporary restraining order]] against all provisions of the law (which the [[Oregon Supreme Court]] denied the [[Oregon attorney general|attorney general]]'s petition to overturn<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bernstein |first=Maxine |date=December 7, 2022 |title=Oregon Measure 114 remains temporarily blocked by Harney County judge; state Supreme Court won’t intervene |work=[[The Oregonian/OregonLive]] |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/crime/2022/12/oregon-measure-114-remains-temporarily-blocked-by-harney-county-judge-state-supreme-court-wont-intervene.html |access-date=December 7, 2022}}</ref>), a decision that came just hours after that of Federal Judge [[Karin Immergut]] allowing it to take effect, save for the permit requirement which was delayed for 30 days at the request of the state.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bernstein |first=Maxine |date=December 6, 2022 |title=Oregon Measure 114 temporarily blocked statewide by county judge in separate challenge |work=[[The Oregonian/OregonLive]] |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/crime/2022/12/oregon-measure-114-temporarily-blocked-by-harney-county-judge-in-separate-challenge.html |access-date=December 6, 2022}}</ref>

The passage of 114 saw a surge in gun sales. The [[Oregon State Police]] reported that prior the vote on 114, their Firearms Instant Check System (FICS) averaged 849 background checks a day in 2022. After 114's approval, the average number of background checks per day increased to 4,092.<ref>Pat Dooris, Jamie Parfitt (November 17, 2022), [https://www.kgw.com/article/news/local/the-story/oregon-measure-114-gun-sales-background-checks/283-98f30275-6c52-447a-9d28-a0bbb6397a2b "Oregon gun sales skyrocket after voters approve Measure 114,"] ''KGW8 News''.</ref>

On July 14, 2023, federal judge Karin Immergut upheld Measure 114 under the federal constitution, saying that "banning large capacity magazines and requiring a permit to purchase a gun falls in line with “the nation’s history and tradition of regulating uniquely dangerous features of weapons and firearms to protect public safety."<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 15, 2023 |title=Federal judge rules Oregon’s tough new gun law is constitutional |work=Yahoo.com |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/federal-judge-rules-oregon-tough-011750148.html |access-date=November 22, 2023}}</ref> However, on November 21, 2023, Judge Robert Raschio of the Oregon Circuit Court granted a permanent injunction based on a finding that the law was facially unconstitutional under Oregon's state constitution.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.opb.org/article/2023/11/21/oregon-supreme-court-gun-law-firearms-measure-114-harney-county/|title=Oregon judge rules that voter-approved Measure 114 gun safety law violates the state constitution|website=opb}}</ref>

== Polling ==
The following polls measured support or opposition among likely voters before the November elections.
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center;"
!Poll source
!Date(s)
administered
!Sample
size{{efn|Key:<br />A – all adults<br />RV – registered voters<br />LV – likely voters<br />V – unclear|name=key}}
!Margin
of error
!For Measure 114
!Against Measure 114
!Undecided
|-
|
[https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/polls/20221102_OR_NelsonMemo.pdf Nelson Research]
|October 31-November 1, 2022
|577 (LV)
|± 4%
|46%
|style="background: rgb(248, 193, 190);"|'''49%'''
|5%
|-
|
[https://www.oregonlive.com/politics/2022/10/oregon-voters-appear-poised-to-support-new-gun-control-regulations-the-oregonianoregonlive-poll.html DHM Research]
|September 23-24, 2022
|600 (LV)
|± 4%
|style="background: rgb(153, 255, 153);"|'''51%'''
|39%
|10%
|}
{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

== See also ==
* [[Gun laws in Oregon]]
* [[List of Oregon ballot measures]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*[https://sos.oregon.gov/admin/Documents/irr/2022/017text.pdf Text of Oregon Ballot Measure 114], Oregon Secretary of State website

[[Category:2022 Oregon ballot measures]]
[[Category:United States firearms law]]