View source for Ethnic origins of people in Canada

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{{if mobile |[[File:Censusdivisions-ethnic.png|right|upright=1.3|thumb|Map of the dominant self-identified ethnic origins per census division of 2006{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-2}}{{Legend|#FF2400|Canadian}}{{Legend|#FF9999|English}}{{Legend|#273BE2|French}}{{Legend|#7DF9FF|Scottish}}{{Legend|#FFFF00|German}}{{Col-2}}{{Legend|#228B22|Italian}}{{Legend|#7B3F00|First Nations}}{{Legend|#008080|Ukrainian }}{{Legend|#FF9933|Indian}}{{Legend|#FF00FF|Inuit}}{{Col-end}}]]
[[Image:COB data Canada.PNG|right|340px|thumb|{{Col-begin}}{{Col-4}}{{Legend|#7B1113|'''100,000+'''}}{{Col-4}}{{Legend|#FF2400|'''50,000–99,999'''}}{{Col-4}}{{Legend|#E9692C|'''20,000–49,999'''}}{{Col-4}}{{Legend|#FFA07A|'''10,000–19,999'''}}{{Col-end}}<ref name="statcan2001">{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2001&PID=62124&APATH=3&GID=431515&METH=1&PTYPE=55440&THEME=43&FOCUS=0&AID=0&PLACENAME=0&PROVINCE=0&SEARCH=0&GC=99&GK=NA&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&FL=0&RL=0&FREE=0 |publisher=Statistics Canada|title=Population and growth components (1851–2001 Censuses) |year=2010|access-date=2011-01-19}}</ref>]]|{{Culture of Canada}}}}

According to the [[2021 Canadian census]], over 450 "ethnic or cultural origins" were self-reported by [[Canadians]].<ref name="StatCan_20221026b"/> The major [[Panethnicity|panethnic]] origin groups in Canada are: [[Ethnic groups in Europe|European]] ({{Percentage | 19062115 | 36328475 | 1 }}), [[North America]]n ({{Percentage | 8329945 | 36328475 | 1 }}), [[Ethnic groups in Asia|Asian]] ({{Percentage | 7013835 | 36328475 | 1 }}), [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|North American Indigenous]] ({{Percentage | 2204475 | 36328475 | 1 }}), [[List of ethnic groups of Africa|African]] ({{Percentage | 1394170 | 36328475 | 1 }}), [[Latin America|Latin, Central and South American]] ({{Percentage | 900495 | 36328475 | 1 }}), [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]] ({{Percentage | 774515 | 36328475 | 1 }}), [[Oceanian people|Oceanian]] ({{Percentage | 105010 | 36328475 | 1 }}), and Other ({{Percentage | 2163380 | 36328475 | 1 }}).<ref name="StatCan_20221026b"/><ref name="ethnicpopulation2021">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title=Ethnic or cultural origin by gender and age: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810035601 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212111914/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810035601 |archive-date=2023-12-12 |access-date=2022-10-26 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref> Statistics Canada reports that 35.5% of the population reported multiple ethnic origins, thus the overall total is greater than 100%.<ref name="StatCan_20221026b"/>{{efn| name=ethnic|1=The 2021 census on ethnic or cultural origins, Statistics Canada states: "Given the fluid nature of this concept and the changes made to this question, 2021 Census data on ethnic or cultural origins are not comparable to data from previous censuses and should not be used to measure the growth or decline of the various groups associated with these origins".<ref name="StatCan_20221026b"/>}}

The country's ten largest self-reported specific ethnic or cultural origins in 2021 were Canadian{{efn| name=Canadian|1=All citizens of Canada are classified as "Canadians" as defined by [[Canadian nationality law|Canada's nationality laws]]. "Canadian" as an ethnic group has since 1996 been added to census questionnaires for possible ancestral origin or descent. "Canadian" was included as an example on the English questionnaire and "Canadien" as an example on the French questionnaire.<ref name="SimonPiché2013c">{{cite book |first1=Patrick |last1=Simon |first2=Victor |last2=Piché |title=Accounting for Ethnic and Racial Diversity: The Challenge of Enumeration |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6t7p-xxFhnwC&pg=PT48 |year=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-98108-4 |pages=48–49}}</ref> "The majority of respondents to this selection are from the eastern part of the country that was first settled. Respondents generally are visibly European (Anglophones and Francophones) and no longer self-identify with their ethnic ancestral origins. This response is attributed to a multitude of reasons such as generational distance from ancestral lineage."<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bezanson |first1=Kate |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oWO_DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA455 |title=Rethinking Society in the 21st Century |last2=Webber |first2=Michelle |publisher=Canadian Scholars' Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-55130-936-1 |edition=4th |pages=455–456}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Edmonston |first1=Barry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VVYOgvFPvBEC&pg=PA294 |title=The Changing Canadian Population |last2=Fong |first2=Eric |publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-7735-3793-4 |pages=294–296}}</ref>}} (accounting for 15.6&nbsp;percent of the population), followed by [[English Canadians|English]] (14.7&nbsp;percent), [[Irish Canadians|Irish]] (12.1&nbsp;percent), [[Scottish Canadians|Scottish]] (12.1&nbsp;percent), [[French Canadians|French]] (11.0&nbsp;percent), [[German Canadians|German]] (8.1&nbsp;percent), [[Chinese Canadians|Chinese]] (4.7&nbsp;percent), [[Italian Canadians|Italian]] (4.3&nbsp;percent), [[Indo-Canadians|Indian]] (3.7&nbsp;percent), and [[Ukrainian Canadians|Ukrainian]] (3.5&nbsp;percent).<ref name="ethnicpopulationordered2021">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title=Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Profile table Canada [Country] Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?LANG=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&DGUIDlist=2021A000011124&HEADERlist=31&SearchText=Canada |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221029122856/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?LANG=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&DGUIDlist=2021A000011124&HEADERlist=31&SearchText=Canada |archive-date=2022-10-29 |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref><ref name="ethnicpopulation2021"/>

Of the [[Population of Canada|36.3 million people]] enumerated in 2021 approximately 25.4 million reported being [[White people|white]], representing  69.8&nbsp;percent of the population.<ref name="StatCan_20221026b"/><ref name="populationgroups2021"/> The indigenous population representing 5&nbsp;percent or 1.8 million individuals, grew by 9.4&nbsp;percent compared to the non-Indigenous population, which grew by 5.3&nbsp;percent from 2016 to 2021.<ref name="Statistics Canada 2022a">{{cite web | title=The Daily — Indigenous population continues to grow and is much younger than the non-Indigenous population, although the pace of growth has slowed | website=Statistics Canada | date=2022-09-21 | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/220921/dq220921a-eng.htm | access-date=2022-10-29}}</ref>  One out of every four Canadians or 26.5&nbsp;percent of the population belonged to a non-White and non-Indigenous [[visible minority]],<ref name="populationgroups2021">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title= Visible minority and population group by generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810032401 |access-date=2022-10-29 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>{{efn|Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority in Statistics Canada calculations. Visible minorities are defined by Statistics Canada as "persons, other than aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour".<ref>{{cite web |date=July 25, 2008 |title=Classification of visible minority |url=https://www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/definitions/minority01-minorite01a-eng.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714060402/https://www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/definitions/minority01-minorite01a-eng.htm |archive-date=July 14, 2011 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=September 18, 2009}}</ref>}} the largest of which in 2021 were [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]] (2.6 million people; 7.1&nbsp;percent), Chinese (1.7 million; 4.7&nbsp;percent) and [[Black Canadians|Black]] (1.5 million; 4.3&nbsp;percent).<ref name="StatCan_20221026b">{{Cite web| work = Statistics Canada, Government of Canada| series = The Daily |title=The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity| access-date = 1 January 2023| date = 26 October 2022b | url = https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/221026/dq221026b-eng.htm}}</ref>

Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4&nbsp;percent.<ref name="Census Profile, 2016 Census">{{cite web |date=February 8, 2017 |title=Census Profile, 2016 Census |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015095154/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 |archive-date=October 15, 2017 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=February 16, 2018}}</ref> In 1961, less than two percent of Canada's population (about 300,000 people) were members of visible minority groups.<ref>{{cite web |last=Pendakur |first=Krishna |title=Visible Minorities and Aboriginal Peoples in Vancouver's Labour Market |url=http://www.rhdcc-hrsdc.gc.ca/eng/labour/equality/racism/racism_free_init/pendakur.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516021011/http://www.rhdcc-hrsdc.gc.ca/eng/labour/equality/racism/racism_free_init/pendakur.shtml |archive-date=May 16, 2011 |access-date=June 30, 2014 |publisher=Simon Fraser University}}</ref> The 2021 census indicated that 8.3 million people, or almost one-quarter (23.0&nbsp;percent) of the population reported themselves as being or having been a [[Permanent residency in Canada|landed immigrant or permanent resident]] in Canada—above the [[1921 Canadian census|1921 census]] previous record of 22.3&nbsp;percent.<ref name="Statistics Canada 2022b">{{cite web | title=The Daily — Immigrants make up the largest share of the population in over 150 years and continue to shape who we are as Canadians | website=Statistics Canada | date=2022-10-26 | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/221026/dq221026a-eng.htm | access-date=2022-10-29}}</ref> In 2021, India, China, and the Philippines were the top three countries of origin for immigrants moving to Canada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/publications-manuals/annual-report-parliament-immigration-2021.html#annex2|title=2021 Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration |date=2022-03-15|publisher=[[Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada]]}}</ref>

==Statistics Canada report on race and ethnicity in Canada in 2022==
The 2020 General Social Survey revealed that 92% of adult Canadians said that "[ethnic] diversity is a Canadian value".<ref name="StatCan_20221026"/> About 25% of Canadians were "racialized";<ref name="StatCan_20221026b"/> By 2021, 23% of the Canadian population were immigrants{{emdash}}the "largest proportion since Confederation", according to Statistics Canada.<ref name="StatCan_20221026">{{Cite web| last = Government of Canada| first = Statistics Canada| series = The Daily |title=Immigrants make up the largest share of the population in over 150 years and continue to shape who we are as Canadians| access-date = 2023-01-02| date = 2022-10-26| url = https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/221026/dq221026a-eng.htm}}</ref><ref name="Adams_Parkin_20221231">{{Cite news |first1=Michael |last1=Adams |first2=Andrew |last2=Parkin |title = Canadians aren't just adapting to diversity – there's data to show we're embracing it| work = The Globe and Mail| access-date = January 1, 2023 | date = December 31, 2022| url = https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-canadians-arent-just-adapting-to-diversity-theres-data-to-show-were/}}</ref> Prior to the early 1970s, most new Canadians came from Europe. Since then, more immigrants have come from Asia, the Middle East, and Africa.<ref name="StatCan_20221026"/> In 2021, most immigrants came from Asia, which includes the Middle East.<ref name="StatCan_20221026"/> About 25% of Canadians were "racialized";<ref name="StatCan_20221026b"/> By 2021, almost 5% of Canadians self-identify as Muslim.<ref name="StatCan_20221026b"/><ref name="Adams_Parkin_20221231"/> Almost a million Canadians self-identified as Indigenous.<ref name="Adams_Parkin_20221231"/>

==Data collection method==
Listed below are the [[ethnic groups]] of [[Canadians|Canadian]] residents ([[citizens]], [[landed immigrant]]s and non-citizen temporary residents) as self-identified in the [[Canada 2016 Census|2016 census]]  in which approximately 35,151,000 census forms were completed). The relevant census question asked for "the ethnic or cultural origins" of the respondent's ancestors and not the respondents themselves.
As data were collected by self-declaration, ethnic groups may not necessarily correspond to the true ancestry of respondents.<ref>'''Source:''' {{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-562/pages/page.cfm|title=Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada – Data table|publisher=Statistics Canada|access-date=2011-01-16|archive-date=2013-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727232236/http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-562/pages/page.cfm|url-status=dead}} '''Additional data:''' {{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/rt-td/index-eng.cfm|title=2006 Census release topics|publisher=Statistics Canada|access-date=2011-01-16}}</ref> Many respondents acknowledged multiple ancestries.  These people were added to the "multiple origin" total for each origin listed.  These include responses as varied as a respondent who listed eight different origins and a respondent who answered "French Canadian" (leading to them being counted once for "French" and once for "Canadian").  As with all self-reported data, understanding of the question may have varied from respondent to respondent.

==Larger ethnic origins (200,000 or more individuals per group; 2016 census)==
[[File:Canadian ethnocultural diversity.png|thumb|upright=1.3|The top 168 ethnic or cultural origins self-reported by Canadians in the 2021 Census.<ref name="Statistics Canada u055">{{cite web | title="Canadian" tops the more than 450 ethnic or cultural origins reported by the population of Canada | website=Statistics Canada | date=October 26, 2022 | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/221026/g-b001-eng.htm | access-date=July 8, 2023}}</ref>]]
[[File:Canada ethnic origin map 2021.png|thumb|upright=1.3|A map showing the largest ethnic or cultural origins in Canada by census division in 2021.{{Col-begin}}{{Col-2}}{{Legend|#cc3333|Canadian/Canadien}}{{Legend|#fbb4ae|English}}{{Legend|#33a02c|Irish}}{{Legend|#4eb3d3|Scottish}}{{Legend|#3264c8|French}}{{Legend|#d9d9d9|German}}{{Legend|#fed976|Chinese}}{{Legend|#fd8d3c|Indian}}{{Legend|#009392|Ukrainian}}{{Col-2}}{{Legend|#253494|Métis}}{{Legend|#a6cee3|Acadian}}{{Legend|#bdbdbd|Mennonite}}{{Legend|#cf597e|Inuit}}{{Legend|#b9a087|Cree}}{{Legend|#dfc27d|Ojibway}}{{Legend|#e9e29c|Dene}}{{Legend|#bf812d|Heiltsuk}}{{Col-end}}]]
[[Image:COB data Canada.PNG|right|upright=1.3|thumb|{{Col-begin}}{{Col-4}}{{Legend|#7B1113|'''100,000+'''}}{{Col-4}}{{Legend|#FF2400|'''50,000–99,999'''}}{{Col-4}}{{Legend|#E9692C|'''20,000–49,999'''}}{{Col-4}}{{Legend|#FFA07A|'''10,000–19,999'''}}{{Col-end}}<ref name="statcan2001">{{cite web|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/RetrieveProductTable.cfm?Temporal=2001&PID=62124&APATH=3&GID=431515&METH=1&PTYPE=55440&THEME=43&FOCUS=0&AID=0&PLACENAME=0&PROVINCE=0&SEARCH=0&GC=99&GK=NA&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&FL=0&RL=0&FREE=0 |publisher=Statistics Canada|title=Population and growth components (1851–2001 Censuses) |year=2010|access-date=2011-01-19}}</ref>]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" border="1" |
! Ethnicity<ref name="statcan1">{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/imm/Table.cfm?Lang=E&T=31&Geo=01&SO=4D|title=Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables|date=25 October 2017|publisher=statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! Combined<br />responses<ref name="statcan1"/>
! As single<br />response<ref name="statcan1"/>
! One of multiple<br />responses<ref name="statcan1"/>
|-
| {{flagicon|Canada}} [[Canadians|Canadian]]{{efn|name=Canadian}}||11,135,965||6,436,940||4,699,030
|-
| {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} {{flagicon|England}} [[English Canadians|English]]||6,320,085||1,098,930||5,221,150
|-
| {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} {{flagicon|Scotland}} [[Scottish Canadians|Scottish]]||4,799,010||475,575||4,323,430
|-
| {{flagicon|France}} [[French Canadians|French]]||4,670,595||1,006,180||3,664,415
|-
| {{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Irish Canadians|Irish]]||4,627,000||457,905||4,169,095
|-
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[German Canadians|German]]||3,322,405||569,650||2,752,750
|-
| {{flagicon|Taiwan}} {{flagicon|China}} [[Chinese Canadians|Chinese]]||1,769,195||1,439,980||329,215
|-
| {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Italian Canadians|Italian]]||1,587,970||695,420||892,550
|-
| [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]]{{efn|name=abdata|1=The category "North American Indian" includes respondents who indicated that their ethnic origins were from a Canadian First Nation, or another non-Canadian North American aboriginal group (excluding Inuit and Métis).
<br />'''Source''': {{cite web|url=http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/12-592-x/12-592-x2007001-eng.htm 
|title=How Statistics Canada Identifies Aboriginal Peoples|publisher=Statistics Canada|access-date=January 16, 2011}}}}||1,525,565||526,570||999,000
|-
| {{flagicon|India}} [[Indo-Canadians|Indian]]||1,374,710||1,096,845||277,865
|-
| {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Ukrainian Canadians|Ukrainian]]||1,359,655||273,810||1,085,845
|-
| {{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Dutch Canadians|Dutch]]||1,111,655||289,675||821,980
|-
| {{flagicon|Poland}} [[Polish Canadians|Polish]]||1,106,585||264,415||842,170
|-
| {{flagicon|Philippines}} [[Filipino Canadians|Filipino]]||837,130||651,390||185,740
|-
| {{flagicon|UK}} [[British Canadians|British Isles]],<br />not included elsewhere||644,695||132,830||511,865
|-
| {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russian Canadians|Russian]]||622,445||120,165||502,280
|-
| {{Flagicon image|Metis_Red.svg}}{{Flagicon image|Metis_Blue.svg}} [[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]]||600,000||91,255||508,740
|-
| {{flagicon|Portugal}} [[Portuguese Canadians|Portuguese]]||482,610||264,815||217,790
|-
| {{flagicon|Wales}} [[Welsh Canadians|Welsh]]||474,805||25,190||449,615
|-
| {{flagicon|Norway}} [[Norwegian Canadians|Norwegian]]||463,275||35,905||427,370
|-
| {{flagicon|Spain}} [[Spanish Canadians|Spanish]]||396,460||70,330||326,130
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[American Canadians|American]]||377,410||29,590||347,810
|-
| {{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Swedish Canadians|Swedish]]||349,640||21,775||327,870
|-
| {{flagicon|Hungary}} [[Hungarian Canadians|Hungarian (Magyar)]]||348,085||83,400||264,685
|-
| {{flagicon|Jamaica}} [[Jamaican Canadians|Jamaican]]||309,485||161,495||147,995
|-
| {{flagicon|Greece}} [[Greek Canadians|Greek]]||271,405||141,580||129,830
|-
| {{flagicon|South Vietnam}}{{flagicon|Vietnam}}  [[Vietnamese Canadians|Vietnamese]]||240,615||165,385||75,225
|-
| {{flagicon|Romania}} [[Romanian Canadians|Romanian]]||238,050||96,910||141,145
|-
| {{flagicon|Lebanon}} [[Lebanese Canadians|Lebanese]]||219,555||130,590||88,965
|-
| {{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Pakistani Canadians|Pakistani]]||215,555||156,300||59,255
|-
| {{flagicon|Africa}} [[Black Canadians|African]],<br />not included elsewhere||212,005||76,790||135,210
|-
| {{flagicon|Iran}} [[Iranian Canadians|Iranian]]||210,405||170,755||39,650
|-
| {{flagicon|Denmark}} [[Danish Canadians|Danish]]||207,470||26,985||180,485
|-
| {{flagicon|Austria}} [[Austrian Canadians|Austrian]]||207,050||20,225||186,820
|}

==Smaller ethnic origins (2016 census)==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Ethnicity<ref name="statcan1"/>
! Combined<br />responses<ref name="statcan1"/>
! As single<br />response<ref name="statcan1"/>
! One of multiple<br />responses<br />per respondent<ref name="statcan1"/>
|-
| {{flagicon|South Korea}}{{flagicon|North Korea}} [[Korean Canadians|Korean]]||198,210||177,920||20,285
|-
| {{flagicon|Quebec}} [[French-speaking Quebecer|Québécois]]||194,555||119,985||74,575
|-
| {{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Belgian Canadians|Belgian]]||186,665||31,765||154,895
|-
| {{flagicon|Haiti}} [[Haitian Canadians|Haitian]]||165,100||125,780||39,320
|-
| {{flagicon|Switzerland}} [[Swiss Canadians|Swiss]]||155,120||25,235||129,885
|-
| {{flagicon|Sri Lanka}} [[Sri Lankan Canadians|Sri Lankan]]||152,590||114,120||38,475
|-
| {{flagicon|Israel}} [[History of the Jews in Canada|Jewish]]||143,660||39,710||103,950
|-
| {{flagicon|Finland}} [[Finnish Canadians|Finnish]]||143,645||25,875||117,765
|-
| {{flagicon|Croatia}} [[Croatian Canadians|Croatian]]||133,965||55,595||78,370
|-
| {{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Mexican Canadians|Mexican]]||128,480||54,300||74,180
|-
| {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Japanese Canadians|Japanese]]||121,485||56,725||64,760
|-
| {{flagicon|Acadia}} [[Acadians|Acadian]]||119,670||22,980||96,690
|-
| {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Punjab.svg}}{{Flagicon image|Banner_of_Punjab,_India.svg}} [[Punjabi people|Punjabi]],<br />not included elsewhere||118,400||71,535||46,860
|-
| {{flagicon|Arab League}} [[Arab Canadians|Arab]],<br />not included elsewhere||111,405||73,330||38,070
|-
| {{flagicon|Czechia}} [[Czech Canadians|Czech]]||104,585||23,250||81,330
|-
| {{flagicon|Morocco}} [[Moroccan Canadians|Moroccan]]||103,945||72,625||31,320
|-
| {{flagicon|Iceland}} [[Icelandic Canadians|Icelandic]]||101,795||8,630||93,165
|-
| {{flagicon|Egypt}} [[Egyptian Canadians|Egyptian]]||99,140||62,910||36,230
|-
| {{flagicon|Serbia}} [[Serbian Canadians|Serbian]]||96,535||52,730||43,800
|-
| {{flagicon|Colombia}} [[Colombian Canadians|Colombian]]||96,325||69,040||27,285
|-
| {{flagicon|Guyana}} [[Guyanese Canadians|Guyanese]]||84,275||30,825||53,445
|-
| {{flagicon|Afghanistan|variant=2013}}{{flagicon|Afghanistan}} [[Afghan Canadians|Afghan]]||83,995||70,240||13,755
|-
| {{flagicon|Nunavut}} [[Inuit]]||79,130||44,760||34,37
|-
| {{flagicon|Trinidad and Tobago}} [[Trinidadian and Tobagonian Canadians|Trinidadian/Tobagonian]]||78,965||23,900||55,065
|-
| {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Syrian Canadians|Syrian]]||77,050||43,685||33,36
|-
| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]],<br />not included elsewhere||76,400||55,445||20,955
|-
| {{flagicon|Slovakia}} [[Slovak Canadians|Slovak]]||72,290||20,475||51,815
|-
| {{flagicon|Iraq}} [[Iraqi Canadians|Iraqi]]||70,925||54,555||16,365
|-
| {{flagicon|West Indies Federation}} [[Black Canadians|West Indian]]||70,275||30,260||40,010
|-
| {{flagicon|Europe}} [[European Canadians|European]],<br />not included elsewhere||67,895||33,360||34,53
|-
| {{flagicon|Algeria}} [[Algerian Canadians|Algerian]]||67,330||49,520||17,810
|-
| {{flagicon|El Salvador}} [[Salvadoran Canadians|Salvadorean]]||66,215||40,510||25,705
|-
| {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Turkish Canadians|Turk]]||63,955||29,885||34,070
|-
| {{flagicon|Armenia}} [[Armenian Canadians|Armenian]]||63,810||34,560||29,250
|-
| {{flagicon|Somalia}} [[Somali Canadians|Somali]]||62,550||54,750||7,790
|-
| {{flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Lithuanian Canadians|Lithuanian]]||59,285||11,185||48,095
|-
| {{flagicon|Nordic Council}} [[Scandinavian Canadians|Scandinavian]],<br />not included elsewhere||52,785||5,085||47,695
|-
| {{flagicon|Nigeria}} [[Nigerian Canadians|Nigerian]]||51,835||38,165||13,670
|-
| {{Flagicon image|..Tamil_Nadu_Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Tamil Canadians|Tamil]]<br />not included elsewhere||48,670||22,145||26,525
|-
| {{flagicon|Bangladesh}} [[Bangladeshi Canadians|Bangladeshi]]||58,735||45,945||39,255
|-
| {{flagicon|Chile}} [[Chilean Canadians|Chilean]]||45,190||18,685||26,510
|-
| {{flagicon|Palestine}} [[Palestinian Canadians|Palestinian]]||44,820||25,195||19,630
|-
| {{flagicon|Ethiopia}} [[Ethiopian Canadians|Ethiopian]]||44,060||34,260||9,805
|-
| {{flagicon|North Macedonia}} [[Macedonian Canadians|Macedonian]]||43,110||18,405||24,705
|-
| {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Australian Canadians|Australian]]||42,315||4,520||37,800
|-
| {{flagicon|Peru}} [[Peruvian Canadians|Peruvian]]||42,145||20,645||21,500
|-
| {{flagicon|Malta}} [[Maltese Canadians|Maltese]]||41,915||12,820||29,100
|-
| {{flagicon|South Africa}} [[South African Canadians|South African]]||41,380||8,005||33,37
|-
| {{flagicon|Czechoslovakia}} Czechoslovakian,<br />not otherwise specified||40,715||5,075||35,640
|-
| {{flagicon|Slovenia}} [[Slovene Canadians|Slovenian]]||40,470||13,690||26,78
|-
| {{flagicon|Cambodia}} [[Cambodian Canadians|Cambodian]]||38,490||21,445||17,045
|-
| {{flagicon|Yugoslavia}} Yugoslav<br />not included elsewhere||38,480||8,570||29,91
|-
| {{flagicon|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}{{flagicon|Congo}}{{flagicon|Angola}} Congolese||38,370||29,675||8,685
|-
| {{flagicon|Barbados}} [[Barbadian Canadians|Barbadian]]||37,775||11,605||26,170
|-
| {{Flagicon image|Berber_flag.svg}} [[Berber Canadians|Berber]]||37,060||22,965||14,100
|-
| {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[Brazilian Canadians|Brazilian]]||36,830||11,035||25,795
|-
| {{flagicon|Republic of China}} [[Taiwanese Canadians|Taiwanese]]||36,515||23,260||13,250
|-
| {{flagicon|Albania}} [[Albanian Canadians|Albanian]]||36,185||28,425||7,760
|-
|{{flagicon|Ghana}} [[Ghanaian Canadians|Ghanaian]]
||35,495||26,535||8,960
|-
| {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Bulgarian Canadians|Bulgarian]]||34,560||19,965||14,595
|-
| {{flagicon|Latvia}} [[Latvian Canadians|Latvian]]||30,725||7,040||23,685
|-
| [[Black Canadians|Black]]||30,385||5,535||24,855
|-
| {{flagicon|Cuba}} [[Cuban Canadians|Cuban]]||29,065||10,040||19,030
|-
| {{flagicon|Israel}} [[Israeli Canadians|Israeli]]||28,740||6,450||22,280
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin, Central or South American]],<br />not included elsewhere||28,455||14,295||14,155
|-
| Caribbean,<br />not included elsewhere||26,830||8,930||17,900
|-
| {{flagicon|Bosnia}} [[Bosnian Canadians|Bosnian]]||26,740||15,610||11,125
|-
| {{flagicon|Venezuela}} [[Venezuelan Canadians|Venezuelan]]||26,345||10,305||16,040
|-
| Guatemalan||26,270||13,905||12,370
|-
| [[Tunisian Canadians|Tunisian]]||25,650||17,620||8,030
|-
| Ecuadorian||25,410||13,925||11,485
|-
| [[West Asian Canadians|West Asian]],<br />not included elsewhere||25,285||13,430||11,855
|-
| [[Eritrean Canadians|Eritrean]]||25,255||20,625||4,630
|-
| Cameroonian||24,615||20,605||4,010
|-
| [[Laotian Canadians|Laotian]]||24,580||13,375||11,205
|-
| [[Estonian Canadians|Estonian]]||24,530||6,155||18,375
|-
| Dominican||23,130||9,930||13,200
|-
| Bengali||22,905||18,435||4,470
|-
| Asian,<br />not otherwise specified||22,740||15,760||6,980
|-
| Aboriginal from Central/South America||22,720||2,080||20,645
|-
| [[Demographics of Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundlander]]||22,215||4,895||17,325
|-
| [[Indonesian Canadians|Indonesian]]||21,395||4,775||16,615
|-
| [[Belarusian Canadians|Belarusian]]||20,710||5,125||15,585
|-
| [[Argentine Canadians|Argentinian]]||20,680||4,165||16,510
|-
| Eastern European,<br />not included elsewhere||20,420||5,875||14,545
|-
| [[Sudanese Canadians|Sudanese]]||19,960||15,250||4,710
|-
| Fijian||19,370||8,270||11,105
|-
| [[Thai Canadians|Thai]]||19,005||7,740||11,265
|-
| Grenadian||17,915||7,515||10,400
|-
| Vincentian/Grenadinian||17,425||7,245||10,180
|-
| [[East Africa]]n||17,305||7,220||10,085
|-
| [[Nepalese Canadians|Nepali]]||17,135||13,695||3,440
|-
| [[Malaysian Canadians|Malaysian]]||16,920||2,555||14,365
|-
| [[Kurdish Canadians|Kurdish]]||16,320||10,470||5,845
|-
| [[New Zealand Canadians|New Zealander]]||15,395||1,300||14,095
|-
| Central and West African origins,<br />not included elsewhere||15,380||7,800||7,585
|-
| Moldovan||14,915||7,415||7,505
|-
||[[Jordanian Canadians|Jordanian]]||14,250||7,955||6,295
|-
| [[Assyrians in Canada|Assyrian]]||13,830||8,870||4,960
|-
| Nicaraguan||13,705||6,360||7,350
|-
| [[Breton Canadians|Breton]]||11,845||3,230||8,615
|-
| [[Flemish Canadians|Flemish]]||11,685||1,485||10,200
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Hispanic]]||11,050||5,660||5,395
|-
| Burundian||10,990||8,965||2,025
|-
| Ivoirean||10,935||7,795||3,140
|-
| Kenyan||10,915||5,445||5,465
|-
| Rwandan||10,775||8,080||2,690
|-
||Honduran||10,650||5,325||5,325
|-
| Senegalese||10,175||6,490||3,685
|-
| [[Yoruba Canadians|Yoruba]]||9,585||6,870||2,715
|-
| Burmese||9,335||4,660||4,675
|-
| Mauritanian||9,325||3,520||5,805
|-
| St. Lucian||8,985||4,040||4,945
|-
| Gujarati||8,350||5,290||3,060
|-
| [[Zimbabwean Canadians|Zimbabwean]]||8,090||4,945||3,140
|-
| [[Tibetan Canadians|Tibetan]]||8,040||7,015||1,030
|-
| [[Libyan Canadians|Libyan]]||7,745||5,755||1,985
|-
| [[Mongolian Canadians|Mongolian]]||7,480||2,555||4,925
|-
| Sinhalese||7,285||4,355||2,930
|-
| Guinean||7,240||4,705||2,540
|-
| [[Basque Canadians|Basque]]||6,970||715||6,250
|-
| Sicilian||6,940||1,345||5,600
|-
| [[Saudi Arabian Canadians|Saudi Arabian]]||6,810||4,200||2,615
|-
| [[Uruguayan Canadians|Uruguayan]]||6,795||1,810||4,985
|-
| [[Yemeni Canadians|Yemeni]]||6,640||2,940||3,700
|-
| [[East Asian Canadians|East]] or [[Southeast Asian Canadians|Southeast Asian]],<br />not included elsewhere||6,505||4,235||2,270
|-
| [[Azerbaijani Canadians|Azerbaijani]]||6,425||2,280||4,145
|-
| Maya||6,290||1,180||5,105
|-
| Manx||6,125||285||5,845
|-
| North African,<br />not included elsewhere||6,115||2,905||3,210
|-
| Goan||6,070||2,040||4,030
|-
| Ugandan||5,705||3,245||2,460
|-
| Cypriot||5,650||1,265||4,385
|-
| Costa Rican||5,535||2,140||3,395
|-
| [[Igbo Canadians|Igbo]]||5,320||3,475||1,845
|-
| Togolese||5,300||3,095||2,205
|-
| Bolivian||5,055||1,890||3,160
|-
| Beninese||4,990||2,650||2,340
|-
| Slavic,<br />not otherwise specified||4,870||1,470||3,400
|-
| [[Tatar Canadians|Tatar]]||4,825||880||3,940
|-
| [[Pashtun Canadians|Pashtun]]||4,810||2,245||2,565
|-
| [[Georgians in Canada|Georgian]]||4,775||1,900||2,875
|-
| Yakut||4,761||1,886||2,875
|-
| Tanzanian||4,710||1,835||2,875
|-
| Panamanian||4,700||1,090||3,610
|-
| [[Romani people in Canada|Roma (Gypsy)]]||4,630||745||3,895
|-
| Frisian||4,590||795||3,790
|-
| Karen||4,515||3,835||680
|-
| Antiguan||4,505||1,275||3,225
|-
| Malagasy||4,500||2,155||2,345
|-
| Malian||4,485||2,310||2,180
|-
| Paraguayan||4,325||670||3,660
|-
| [[Montenegrin Canadians|Montenegrin]]||4,165||915||3,245
|-
| Bantu,<br />not otherwise specified||3,965||2,315||1,645
|-
| [[Uzbek Canadians|Uzbek]]||3,920||1,730||2,190
|-
| [[Luxembourgish-Canadians|Luxembourger]]||3,915||440||3,475
|-
| Bahamian||3,670||810||2,860
|-
| Bhutanese||3,600||2,440||1,160
|-
| Channel Islander||3,590||435||3,155
|-
| [[Coptic Canadians|Coptic]]||3,535||1,490||2,040
|-
| [[Puerto Rican Canadians|Puerto Rican]]||3,410||445||2,960
|-
| Western European origins,<br />not included elsewhere||3,370||840||2,530
|-
| Oromo||3,355||2,410||945
|-
| [[Kazakh Canadians|Kazakh]]||3,325||1,465||1,860
|-
| Hawaiian||3,295||120||3,175
|-
| Burkinabe||3,155||1,980||1,165
|-
| [[Kashmiri Canadians|Kashmiri]]||3,115||1,095||2,020
|-
| Bermudan||3,075||310||2,765
|-
| Carib||3,035||130||2,905
|-
| Angolan||2,955||1,140||1,820
|-
| Kittitian/Nevisian||2,920||750||2,165
|-
| [[Tajik Canadians|Tajik]]||2,910||1,240||1,665
|-
| Kosovar||2,870||1,710||1,160
|-
| [[Singaporeans in Canada|Singaporean]]||2,850||495||2,355
|-
| Alsatian||2,800||375||2,425
|-
| Sierra Leonean||2,620||1,580||1,040
|-
| Maori||2,500||155||2,345
|-
| Liberian||2,485||1,520||965
|-
| Peulh||2,440||1,425||1,015
|-
| [[Oceanian Canadians|Pacific Islands]] origins,<br />not included elsewhere||2,335||470||1,865
|-
| Kuwaiti||2,235||1,080||1,155
|-
| Southern European origins,<br />not included elsewhere||2,165||440||1,730
|-
| Tigrian||2,155||1,340||810
|-
| Martinican||2,005||370||1,635
|-
| [[Cornish Canadians|Cornish]]||1,970||120||1,855
|-
| Akan||1,955||1,235||720
|-
| Edo||1,945||1,180||765
|-
| Other North American origins,<br />not included elsewhere||1,895||655||1,240
|-
| Afrikaner||1,870||280||1,595
|-
| Zambian||1,865||1,055||805
|-
| Chadian||1,845||1,185||655
|-
| Belizean||1,755||250||1,505
|-
| Corsican||1,750||165||1,590
|-
| Djiboutian||1,710||980||730
|-
| Ashanti||1,585||765||825
|-
| Uighur||1,555||1,010||540
|-
| Amhara||1,530||710||820
|-
| Samoan||1,530||150||1,375
|-
| Hazara||1,515||585||930
|-
| Arawak||1,440||55||1,385
|-
| Gabonese||1,405||595||820
|-
| Seychellois||1,285||575||710
|-
| Catalan||1,275||200||1,075
|-
| Maure||1,190||400||790
|-
| Guadeloupean||1,130||245||885
|-
| Malinké||1,120||675||455
|-
| Polynesian,<br />not otherwise specified||1,105||90||1,015
|-
| Kyrgyz||1,060||580||475
|-
| Turkmen||1,040||390||655
|-
| Gambian||975||580||395
|-
| Zulu||945||285||660
|-
| Bavarian||940||50||890
|-
| Montserratian||935||190||745
|-
| Dinka||900||585||320
|-
| Ewe||845||320||525
|-
| Wolof||835||465||375
|-
| Hmong||810||585||220
|-
| Harari||660||395||265
|-
| [[Chechens|Chechen]] ||100||100||100
|}

== Evolution from 1871 to 1921 ==

During the fifty-year period beginning from the [[1871 Canadian census|first census of independent Canada in 1871]] until the [[1921 Canadian census|census of 1921]], the national ethnic composition was [[Multiculturalism|multicultural]], however in the early period was dominated by four origin groups from [[Western Europe|western]] and [[northern Europe]]: [[French people|French]], [[English people|English]], [[Irish people|Irish]], and [[Scottish people|Scottish]].<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}} Following the French and British Isles origin groups, [[Continental Europe]]an communities were the largest in Canada, and grew fairly rapidly between the 1901 census and the 1921 census.<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}} Nominally small [[East Asia]]n, [[South Asia]]n, [[Western Asia|West Asian]], and [[West Africa]]n descended communities also existed during this time period.<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}}

The ethnic French population, comprising a plurality of the total population from confederation until just prior to the 1921 census, overwhelmingly relied on natural increase for growth, with [[Progeny (genetic descendant)|progeny]] stemming from early settlers who arrived throughout the 17th and 18th centuries; migration from [[France]] had been severely curtailed by the [[British Empire]] and early governments of independent Canada. Population growth amongst the French population occurred at relatively high pace, increasing from 1,082,940 persons in 1871 to 2,452,743 persons in 1921.<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}} Despite an increase of nearly 1.5 million persons during this fifty-year period, the French proportion of the total Canadian population dropped slightly, from 31.1&nbsp;percent, to 27.1&nbsp;percent.<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}}

By contrast, large population increases amongst the three main ethnic groups from the British Isles (English, Irish, and Scottish) occurred through natural increase but relied heavily on high immigration rates that began in the early-mid 19th century dubbed the ''[[Great Migration of Canada]]'' − this continued through the early 20th century, spurred by record immigration rates during the 1900s and 1910s, when English immigrants formed a majority or plurality of all immigrants to Canada on an annual and decadal basis.

The English population, in particular, grew at a rapid pace, increasing from 705,369 persons in 1871 to 2,545,358 persons in 1921, representing an increase of nearly 2 million persons during the fifty-year period.<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}} During the same time period, the English proportion of the total Canadian population rose from 20.3&nbsp;percent to 29.0&nbsp;percent.<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}} The English community experienced massive growth principally during the first two decades of the 20th century as a result of record immigration at the time; during the era, persons of English descent also became the single largest ethnic group in Canada, comprising a plurality of the Canadian population by the 1921 census.<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}}

The Irish population, meanwhile, witnessed steady, slowing population growth during the late 19th and early 20th century, with the proportion of the total Canadian population dropping from 24.3&nbsp;percent in 1871 to 12.6&nbsp;percent in 1921 and falling from the second-largest ethnic group in Canada from to fourth − principally due to massive immigration flows from England to Canada at the time − despite the population increasing from 846,414 persons to 1,107,803 persons in the fifty-year timeframe.<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}} The largest Irish population increases occurred prior to confederation, spurred by mass immigration during the mid-19th century at the height of the ''Great Migration of Canada'', and was primarily due to ''[[Great Famine (Ireland)|The Great Famine]]'' and related poor economic conditions in Ireland at the time.

At the turn of the 20th century, overall immigrant proportions from the [[British Isles]] to Canada gradually dropped from a majority to a plurality. At the time, the federal government began supplementing increased mass immigration from the British Isles (mainly England) by also permitting large migration flows from [[continental Europe]], especially [[Germany]], [[Scandinavia]], and the [[Soviet Union]]. This was primarily as a result of federal policy aimed at settling [[Canadian Prairies|the Prairies]] through [[Block settlement|ethnic block settlements]] and ultimately led to the highest annual immigration rates in Canadian history since [[Canadian Confederation|confederation in 1867]] that remain unsurpassed in the contemporary era, including 1913 (new immigrants accounted for 5.3&nbsp;percent of the total population), 1912 (5.1&nbsp;percent), 1911 (4.6&nbsp;percent), 1907 (4.3&nbsp;percent) and 1910 (4.1&nbsp;percent).<ref name="HistoricImmigration2">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=17 May 2018 |title= 150 years of immigration in Canada |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11-630-x/11-630-x2016006-eng.htm |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref><ref name="Population1867to2007">{{cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |year=2013 |url=http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/98-187-x/4151287-eng.htm |title=Censuses of Canada 1665 to 1871: Estimated population of Canada, 1605 to present |access-date=2022-11-09}}</ref>

Largely due to increased immigration levels outside of the British Isles, the continental European population grew rapidly during the first two decades of the 20th century − comprising 1,246,151 persons or 14.2&nbsp;percent as proportion of the total Canadian population by the 1921 census, representing a numerical increase of over 1 million persons from fifty years earlier in 1871, when the continental European population stood at approximately 236,043 persons or 6.8&nbsp;percent of the total Canadian population.<ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}}

Broadening the [[Multiculturalism in Canada|multicultural makeup of Canada]], the diversity across the Prairie provinces during the early 20th century was soon dubbed a ''[[cultural mosaic]]'' by journalist [[Victoria Hayward (journalist)|Victoria Hayward]] in the early 1920s:
{{blockquote|"''New Canadians, representing many places and widely separated sections of Old Europe, have contributed to the Prairie Provinces a variety in the way of [[Church architecture|Church Architecture]].  [[Cupola]]s and [[dome]]s distinctly [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern]], almost [[Turkish people|Turkish]], startle one above the tops of [[Manitoba Maple|Manitoba maples]] or the bush of the river banks.  These architectural figures of the landscape, apart altogether of their religious significance, are centers where, crossing the threshold on Sundays, one has the opportunity of hearing [[Swedish music]], or the rich, deep chanting of the Russian responses; and of viewing at close hand the artistry that goes to make up the interior appointments of these churches transplanted from the East to the West… It is indeed a mosaic of vast dimensions and great breadth, essayed of the Prairie.''"<ref>Day, Richard J.F. (2000). ''Multiculturalism and the History of Canadian Diversity''.  Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 149-150.</ref>}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Ethnic Origins of Canadians (1871−1921)
! rowspan="2" |<big>Ethnic<br>Origin</big>
! colspan="2"|<big>1871</big><br><ref name="origins1871to1931">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2013-04-03 |title= Seventh census of Canada, 1931 . v. 13. Monographs - unemployment, dependency of youth, rural and urban composition of the Canadian population, racial origins and nativity of the Canadian people. |url=https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.832354/publication.html |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>{{rp|512}}
! colspan="2"|<big>1881</big><br><ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}}
! colspan="2"|<big>1901</big><br><ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}}<ref name="origins1901to1911">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2013-04-03 |title= Fifth census of Canada 1911 . v. 2. Religions, origins, birthplace, citizenship, literacy and infirmities, by provinces, districts and sub-districts |url=https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.828391/publication.html |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>{{rp|370}}<ref name="origins1901to1921">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2013-04-03 |title= Sixth census of Canada,1921 . v. 1. Population: number, sex and distribution, racial origins, religions |url=https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.830550/publication.html |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>{{rp|354}}
! colspan="2"|<big>1911</big><br><ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}}<ref name="origins1901to1911"/>{{rp|370}}<ref name="origins1901to1921"/>{{rp|354}}
! colspan="2"|<big>1921</big><br><ref name="origins1871to1931"/>{{rp|512}}<ref name="origins1901to1921"/>{{rp|356}}
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[French Canadians|French]]
| 1,082,940
| {{Percentage | 1082940 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 1,298,929
| {{Percentage | 1298929 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 1,649,371
| {{Percentage | 1649371 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 2,061,719
| {{Percentage | 2061719 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 2,452,743
| {{Percentage | 2452743 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Irish Canadians|Irish]]
| 846,414
| {{Percentage | 846414 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 957,403
| {{Percentage | 957403 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 988,721
| {{Percentage | 988721 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 1,074,738
| {{Percentage | 1074738 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 1,107,803
| {{Percentage | 1107803 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[English Canadians|English]]
| 705,369
| {{Percentage | 705369 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 881,301
| {{Percentage | 881301 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 1,260,899
| {{Percentage | 1260899 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 1,871,268
| {{Percentage | 1871268 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 2,545,358
| {{Percentage | 2545358 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Scottish Canadians|Scottish]]
| 549,946
| {{Percentage | 549946 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 699,863
| {{Percentage | 699863 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 800,154
| {{Percentage | 800154 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 1,027,015
| {{Percentage | 1027015 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 1,173,625
| {{Percentage | 1173625 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[German Canadians|German]]
| 202,991
| {{Percentage | 202991 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 254,319
| {{Percentage | 254319 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 310,601
| {{Percentage | 310601 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 403,417
| {{Percentage | 403417 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 294,635
| {{Percentage | 294635 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]
| 102,358
| {{Percentage | 102358 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 108,547
| {{Percentage | 108547 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 127,941
| {{Percentage | 127941 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 105,611
| {{Percentage | 105611 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 114,083
| {{Percentage | 114083 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Dutch Canadians|Dutch]]
| 29,662
| {{Percentage | 29662 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 30,412
| {{Percentage | 30412 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 33,845
| {{Percentage | 33845 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 55,961
| {{Percentage | 55961 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 117,505
| {{Percentage | 117505 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Black Canadians|African]]
| 21,496
| {{Percentage | 21496 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 21,394
| {{Percentage | 21394 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 17,437
| {{Percentage | 17437 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 16,994
| {{Percentage | 16994 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 18,291
| {{Percentage | 18291 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[British Canadians|Other<br>British]]
| 7,773
| {{Percentage | 7773 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 9,947
| {{Percentage | 9947 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 13,421
| {{Percentage | 13421 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 26,060
| {{Percentage | 26060 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 41,932
| {{Percentage | 41932 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Nordic and Scandinavian Canadians|Scandinavian]]
| 1,623
| {{Percentage | 1623 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 5,223
| {{Percentage | 5223 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 31,042
| {{Percentage | 31042 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 112,682
| {{Percentage | 112682 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 167,369
| {{Percentage | 167369 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Italian Canadians|Italian]]
| 1,035
| {{Percentage | 1035 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 1,849
| {{Percentage | 1849 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 10,834
| {{Percentage | 10834 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 45,963
| {{Percentage | 45963 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 66,769
| {{Percentage | 66769 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Russian Canadians|Russian]]
| 607
| {{Percentage | 607 | 3483761 | 2 }}
| 1,227
| {{Percentage | 1227 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 19,825
| {{Percentage | 19825 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 44,376
| {{Percentage | 44376 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 100,064
| {{Percentage | 100064 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Jewish Canadian|Jewish]]
| 125
| {{Percentage | 125 | 3483761 | 3 }}
| 667
| {{Percentage | 667 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 16,131
| {{Percentage | 16131 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 76,199
| {{Percentage | 76199 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 126,196
| {{Percentage | 126196 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Chinese Canadians|Chinese]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 4,383
| {{Percentage | 4383 | 4324810 | 2 }}
| 17,312
| {{Percentage | 17312 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 27,831
| {{Percentage | 27831 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 39,587
| {{Percentage | 39587 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Austrian Canadians|Austrian]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 10,947
| {{Percentage | 10947 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 44,036
| {{Percentage | 44036 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 107,671
| {{Percentage | 107671 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Polish Canadians|Polish]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 6,285
| {{Percentage | 6285 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 33,652
| {{Percentage | 33652 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 53,403
| {{Percentage | 53403 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Ukrainian Canadians|Ukrainian]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 5,682
| {{Percentage | 5682 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 75,432
| {{Percentage | 75432 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 108,721
| {{Percentage | 108721 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Japanese Canadians|Japanese]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 4,738
| {{Percentage | 4738 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 9,067
| {{Percentage | 9067 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 15,868
| {{Percentage | 15868 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Swiss Canadians|Swiss]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 3,866
| {{Percentage | 3866 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 6,626
| {{Percentage | 6626 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 12,837
| {{Percentage | 12837 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Belgian Canadians|Belgian]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 2,994
| {{Percentage | 2994 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 9,664
| {{Percentage | 9664 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 20,234
| {{Percentage | 20234 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Finnish Canadians|Finnish]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 2,502
| {{Percentage | 2502 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 15,500
| {{Percentage | 15500 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 21,494
| {{Percentage | 21494 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Syrian Canadians|Syrian]]−<br>[[Lebanese Canadians|Lebanese]]−<br>[[Turkish Canadians|Turkish]]−<br>[[Armenian Canadians|Armenian]]	
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 1,681
| {{Percentage | 1681 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 3,880
| {{Percentage | 3880 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 9,260
| {{Percentage | 9260 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Hungarian Canadians|Hungarian]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 1,549
| {{Percentage | 1549 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 11,648
| {{Percentage | 11648 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 13,181
| {{Percentage | 13181 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Bulgarian Canadians|Bulgarian]]−<br>[[Romanian Canadians|Romanian]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 334
| {{Percentage | 334 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 5,883
| {{Percentage | 5883 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 15,235
| {{Percentage | 15235 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Greek Canadians|Greek]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 291
| {{Percentage | 291 | 5371315 | 2 }}
| 3,614
| {{Percentage | 3614 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 5,740
| {{Percentage | 5740 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Indo-Canadians|Indian]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 100
| {{Percentage | 100 | 5371315 | 3 }}
| 2,342
| {{Percentage | 2342 | 7206643 | 2 }}
| 1,018
| {{Percentage | 1018 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Czech Canadians|Czech]]−<br>[[Slovak Canadians|Slovak]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 8,840
| {{Percentage | 8840 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Yugoslav Canadians|Yugoslav]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 3,906
| {{Percentage | 3906 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Spanish Canadians|Spanish]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 2,208
| {{Percentage | 2208 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Lithuanian Canadians|Lithuanian]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 1,970
| {{Percentage | 1970 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Portuguese Canadians|Portuguese]]
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 487
| {{Percentage | 487 | 8787949 | 2 }}
|-
| [[File:Flag of Canada.svg|20px]] '''Canada'''
| '''3,483,761'''
| '''{{Percentage | 3483761 | 3483761 | 2 }}'''
| '''4,324,810'''
| '''{{Percentage | 4324810 | 4324810 | 2 }}'''
| '''5,371,315'''
| '''{{Percentage | 5371315 | 5371315 | 2 }}'''
| '''7,206,643'''
| '''{{Percentage | 7206643 | 7206643 | 2 }}'''
| '''8,787,949'''
| '''{{Percentage | 8787949 | 8787949 | 2 }}'''
|}

== Evolution from 1996 to 2016 ==
As regards combined responses, Canadian is the most common ethnic origin (11,113,965) in the 2016 Census (see above). This was also the case in the 2011 NHS (10,563,805),<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=2011 National Household Survey: Data tables – Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=105396&PRID=0&PTYPE=105277&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2013&THEME=95&VID=0&VNAMEE&VNAMEF|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca|date=2013-05-08|access-date=2019-09-20|first=Statistics Canada|last=Government of Canada}}</ref> 2006 Census (10,066,290),<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-562/pages/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000|title=Statistics Canada: Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada Highlight Tables, 2006 Census|last=Government of Canada|date=2008-04-02|website=Statistics Canada|access-date=2019-09-20}}</ref> 2001 Census (11,682,680),<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=1&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=62911&PRID=0&PTYPE=55430,53293,55440,55496,71090&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2001&THEME=44&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=|title=English title / Titre en anglais|date=|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca|access-date=2019-09-20}}</ref> and the 1996 Census (8,806,975).<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/English/census96/data/tables/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=1&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=1&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=5216&PRID=0&PTYPE=89103&S=0&SHOWALL=No&SUB=0&Temporal=2006&THEME=9&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=|title=1996 Census of Canada: Data tables – Population by Ethnic Origin (188) and Sex (3), Showing Single and Multiple Responses (3), for Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data)|last=Government of Canada|first=Statistics Canada|date=1998-02-17|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca|access-date=2019-09-20}}</ref> Canadian was also the most common ''single'' ethnic origin in the 1996 (5,326,995), 2001 (6,748,135), 2006 (5,748,725), 2011 (5,834,535), and 2016 (6,436,940). 
{| class="wikitable"
|+Ethnic Origin (Single Responses), 1996–2016
! colspan="3" |1996<ref name=":3" />
! colspan="3" |2001<ref name=":2" />
! colspan="3" |2006<ref name=":1" />
! colspan="3" |2011<ref name=":0" />
! colspan="3" |2016<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=2&Lang=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=1341679&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=110528&PRID=10&PTYPE=109445&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2017&THEME=120&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&D1=0&D2=0&D3=0&D4=0&D5=0&D6=0|title=Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data|last=Government of Canada|first=Statistics Canada|date=2017-10-25|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca|access-date=2019-09-21}}</ref>
|-
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
|-
|1
|Canadian
|5,326,995
|1
|Canadian
|6,748,135
|1
|Canadian
|5,748,725
|1
|Canadian
|5,834,535
|1
|Canadian
|6,436,940
|-
|2
|French
|2,665,250
|2
|English
|1,479,525
|2
|English
|1,367,125
|2
|English
|1,312,570
|2
|Chinese
|1,439,980
|-
|3
|English
|2,048,275
|3
|French
|1,060,760
|3
|French
|1,230,535
|3
|Chinese
|1,210,945
|3
|English
|1,098,925
|-
|4
|Chinese
|800,470
|4
|Chinese
|936,210
|4
|Chinese
|1,135,365
|4
|French
|1,165,465
|4
|Indian
|1,096,850
|-
|5
|Italian
|729,455
|5
|Italian
|726,275
|5
|Indian
|780,175
|5
|Indian
|919,155
|5
|French
|1,006,180
|-
|6
|German
|726,145
|6
|German
|705,600
|6
|Italian
|741,045
|6
|Italian
|700,845
|6
|Italian
|695,415
|-
|7
|Scottish
|642,970
|7
|Scottish
|607,235
|7
|German
|670,640
|7
|German
|608,520
|7
|Filipino
|651,390
|-
|8
|Irish
|504,030
|8
|Indian
|581,665
|8
|Scottish
|568,515
|8
|Scottish
|544,440
|8
|German
|569,650
|-
|9
|Indian
|438,770
|9
|Irish
|496,865
|9
|First Nations
|512,150
|9
|First Nations
|517,550
|9
|First Nations
|526,570
|-
|10
|First Nations
|394,555
|10
|First Nations
|455,805
|10
|Irish
|491,030
|10
|Filipino
|506,545
|10
|Scottish
|475,575
|-
|11
|Ukrainian
|331,680
|11
|Ukrainian
|326,195
|11
|Filipino
|321,390
|11
|Irish
|506,445
|11
|Irish
|457,905
|-
|12
|Dutch
|313,880
|12
|Dutch
|316,220
|12
|Dutch
|303,400
|12
|Dutch
|297,885
|12
|Dutch
|289,675
|-
|13
|Polish
|265,930
|13
|Filipino
|266,140
|13
|Ukrainian
|300,590
|13
|Ukrainian
|276,055
|13
|Ukrainian
|273,810
|-
|14
|Portuguese
|252,640
|14
|Polish
|260,415
|14
|Polish
|269,375
|14
|Polish
|255,135
|14
|Portuguese
|264,815
|-
|15
|Filipino
|198,420
|15
|Portuguese
|252,835
|15
|Portuguese
|262,230
|15
|Portuguese
|250,320
|15
|Polish
|264,415
|-
|16
|Jewish
|195,810
|16
|Jewish
|186,475
|16
|Greek
|145,250
|16
|Vietnamese
|157,450
|16
|Korean
|177,925
|-
|17
|Greek
|144,940
|17
|Greek
|143,785
|17
|Korean
|137,790
|17
|Korean
|154,355
|17
|Iranian
|170,755
|-
|18
|Jamaican
|128,570
|18
|Jamaican
|138,180
|18
|Vietnamese
|136,445
|18
|Jamaican
|142,870
|18
|Vietnamese
|165,390
|-
|19
|Vietnamese
|110,390
|19
|Vietnamese
|119,120
|19
|Jamaican
|134,320
|19
|Greek
|141,755
|19
|Jamaican
|161,495
|-
|20
|Hungarian
|94,185
|20
|Korean
|95,200
|20
|Jewish
|134,045
|20
|Iranian
|131,100
|20
|Pakistani
|156,300
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Ethnic Origin (Single and Multiple Responses), 1996–2016
! colspan="3" |1996<ref name=":3" />
! colspan="3" |2001<ref name=":2" />
! colspan="3" |2006<ref name=":1" />
! colspan="3" |2011<ref name=":0" />
! colspan="3" |2016<ref name=":4" />
|-
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
!#
!Ethnic Origin
!Pop.
|-
|1
|Canadian
|8,806,275
|1
|Canadian
|11,682,680
|1
|Canadian
|10,066,290
|1
|Canadian
|10,563,805
|1
|Canadian
|11,135,965
|-
|2
|English
|6,832,095
|2
|English
|5,978,875
|2
|English
|6,570,015
|2
|English
|6,509,500
|2
|English
|6,320,085
|-
|3
|French
|5,597,845
|3
|French
|4,668,410
|3
|French
|4,941,210
|3
|French
|5,065,690
|3
|Scottish
|4,799,005
|-
|4
|Scottish
|4,260,840
|4
|Scottish
|4,157,210
|4
|Scottish
|4,719,850
|4
|Scottish
|4,714,970
|4
|French
|4,670,595
|-
|5
|Irish
|3,767,610
|5
|Irish
|3,822,660
|5
|Irish
|4,354,155
|5
|Irish
|4,544,870
|5
|Irish
|4,627,000
|-
|6
|German
|2,757,140
|6
|German
|2,742,765
|6
|German
|3,179,425
|6
|German
|3,203,330
|6
|German
|3,322,405
|-
|7
|Italian
|1,207,475
|7
|Italian
|1,270,370
|7
|Italian
|1,445,335
|7
|Italian
|1,488,425
|7
|Chinese
|1,769,195
|-
|8
|Ukrainian
|1,026,475
|8
|Chinese
|1,094,700
|8
|Chinese
|1,346,510
|8
|Chinese
|1,487,580
|8
|Italian
|1,587,970
|-
|9
|Chinese
|921,585
|9
|Ukrainian
|1,071,060
|9
|North American Indian
|1,253,615
|9
|First Nations
|1,369,115
|9
|First Nations
|1,525,570
|-
|10
|Dutch
|916,215
|10
|North American Indian
|1,000,890
|10
|Ukrainian
|1,209,085
|10
|Ukrainian
|1,251,170
|10
|Indian
|1,374,715
|-
|11
|North American Indian
|867,225
|11
|Dutch
|923,310
|11
|Dutch
|1,035,965
|11
|Indian
|1,165,145
|11
|Ukrainian
|1,359,655
|-
|12
|Polish
|786,735
|12
|Polish
|817,085
|12
|Polish
|984,565
|12
|Dutch
|1,067,245
|12
|Dutch
|1,111,655
|-
|13
|Indian
|548,080
|13
|Indian
|713,330
|13
|Indian
|962,665
|13
|Polish
|1,010,705
|13
|Polish
|1,106,585
|-
|14
|Jewish
|351,705
|14
|Norwegian
|363,760
|14
|Russian
|500,600
|14
|Filipino
|662,600
|14
|Filipino
|837,135
|-
|15
|Norwegian
|346,310
|15
|Portuguese
|357,690
|15
|Welsh
|440,965
|15
|British Isles, n.i.e.
|576,030
|15
|British Isles, n.i.e.
|644,695
|-
|16
|Welsh
|338,905
|16
|Welsh
|350,365
|16
|Filipino
|436,190
|16
|Russian
|550,520
|16
|Russian
|622,445
|-
|17
|Portuguese
|335,110
|17
|Jewish
|348,605
|17
|Norwegian
|432,515
|17
|Welsh
|458,705
|17
|Métis
|599,995
|-
|18
|Swedish
|278,975
|18
|Russian
|337,960
|18
|Portuguese
|410,850
|18
|Norwegian
|452,705
|18
|Portuguese
|482,605
|-
|19
|Russian
|272,335
|19
|Filipino
|327,550
|19
|Métis
|409,065
|19
|Métis
|447,655
|19
|Welsh
|474,805
|-
|20
|Hungarian
|250,525
|20
|Métis
|307,845
|20
|British Isles, n.i.e.
|403,915
|20
|Portuguese
|429,850
|20
|Norwegian
|463,275
|}

== Visible minority ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Visible minority population by province and territory, 2016<ref>{{cite web |title=File Not Found |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/search-recherche/change-geo.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=35&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&SearchText=ontario&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Visible%20minority&TABID=1&G=1&type=0 |publisher=Statistics Canada}}</ref>
!Province/territory
![[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
![[Chinese Canadians|Chinese]]
![[Black Canadians|Black]]
![[Filipino Canadians|Filipino]]
![[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
![[Arab Canadians|Arab]]
![[Southeast Asia]]n
![[West Asian Canadians|West Asian]]
![[Korean Canadians|Korean]]
![[Japanese Canadians|Japanese]]
![[Visible minority]], {{abbr|n.i.e.|Not included elsewhere}}
![[Multiracial|Multiple]] visible minorities
!Total visible minority population
!''Total population''
!Percent visible minority
|-
|[[Alberta]]<ref name="Statistics Canada2">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=48&Data=Count&SearchText=Alberta&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|230,930
|158,200
|129,390
|166,195
|55,090
|56,700
|43,985
|20,980
|21,275
|12,165
|9,900
|28,360
|933,165
|''3,978,145''
|23.46%
|-
|[[British Columbia]]<ref name="www12.statcan.gc.ca2">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=59&Data=Count&SearchText=British%20Columbia&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|365,705
|508,480
|43,500
|145,025
|44,115
|19,840
|54,920
|48,695
|60,495
|41,230
|8,760
|40,465
|1,381,235
|''4,560,240''
|30.29%
|-
|[[Manitoba]]<ref name="ReferenceA2">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=46&Data=Count&SearchText=Manitoba&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|42,060
|22,540
|30,335
|79,815
|9,895
|5,030
|8,565
|2,695
|4,375
|1,850
|3,195
|6,485
|216,850
|''1,240,700''
|17.48%
|-
|[[New Brunswick]]<ref name="ReferenceB2">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=13&Data=Count&SearchText=New%20Brunswick&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|2,535
|3,925
|7,000
|1,980
|1,285
|2,960
|1,230
|730
|1,685
|230
|305
|675
|24,535
|''730,710''
|3.36%
|-
|[[Newfoundland and Labrador]]<ref name="ReferenceC2">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=10&Data=Count&SearchText=Newfoundland%20and%20Labrador&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|2,645
|2,325
|2,355
|1,390
|635
|1,375
|340
|220
|80
|60
|150
|255
|11,810
|''512,250''
|2.31%
|-
|[[Northwest Territories]]<ref name="statcan12">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=61&Data=Count&SearchText=Northwest%20Territories&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|615
|300
|760
|1,300
|135
|100
|255
|50
|100
|150
|95
|90
|3,960
|''41,135''
|9.63%
|-
|[[Nova Scotia]]<ref name="statcan22">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=12&Data=Count&SearchText=Nova%20Scotia&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|7,910
|8,640
|21,915
|3,400
|1,685
|8,110
|1,195
|1,540
|1,540
|695
|630
|1,395
|58,650
|''908,340''
|6.46%
|-
|[[Nunavut]]<ref name="statcan32">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=62&Data=Count&SearchText=Nunavut&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|115
|75
|330
|230
|40
|40
|30
|10
|10
|10
|20
|10
|905
|''35,580''
|2.54%
|-
|[[Ontario]]<ref name="statcan42">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=35&Data=Count&SearchText=Ontario&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|1,150,415
|754,550
|527,715
|311,675
|195,950
|210,435
|133,855
|154,670
|88,935
|30,830
|97,970
|128,585
|3,885,585
|''13,242,160''
|29.34%
|-
|[[Prince Edward Island]]<ref name="statcan52">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=11&Data=Count&SearchText=Prince%20Edward%20Island&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|920
|2,570
|825
|670
|255
|585
|145
|215
|210
|110
|55
|85
|6,640
|''139,685''
|4.75%
|-
|[[Quebec]]<ref name="statcan62">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Quebec&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|90,335
|99,505
|319,230
|34,910
|133,920
|213,740
|62,820
|32,405
|8,055
|4,570
|9,840
|23,045
|1,032,365
|''7,965,450''
|12.96%
|-
|[[Saskatchewan]]<ref name="statcan72">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=47&Data=Count&SearchText=Saskatchewan&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|19,960
|15,545
|14,925
|32,340
|4,195
|4,300
|5,745
|2,065
|1,875
|955
|1,150
|2,820
|115,875
|''1,070,560''
|10.82%
|-
|[[Yukon]]<ref name="statcan82">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=60&Data=Count&SearchText=Yukon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
|500
|415
|270
|1,190
|130
|10
|180
|30
|70
|65
|15
|120
|3,000
|''35,115''
|8.54%
|-
![[Canada]]<ref name="statcan92">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011</ref>
!1,924,635
!1,577,060
!1,198,540
!780,125
!447,325
!523,325
!313,260
!264,305
!188,710
!92,920
!132,090
!232,375
!7,674,580
!''34,460,065''
!22.27%
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Visible minority in Canadian cities over 100,000 people, 2016<ref name="NHS Profiles2">{{cite web |last=Canada |first=Government of Canada, Statistics |date=15 January 2001 |title=Census Program |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/index-eng.cfm |access-date=2018-04-12 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca |language=en}}</ref>
!City
!Population
!Visible minority
![[Black Canadians|Black]]
![[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]
![[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
![[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
![[Southeast Asian Canadians|Southeast Asian]]
![[West Asian Canadians|West Asian]]
![[Arab Canadians|Arab]]
![[Multiracial]]
!Other
|-
|[[Toronto]]
|2,731,571
|51.5%
|8.9%
|13.2%
|2.9%
|12.6%
|7.2%
|2.2%
|1.3%
|1.8%
|1.4%
|-
|[[Montreal]]
|1,704,694
|34.2%
|10.3%
|3.7%
|4.1%
|3.3%
|3.5%
|0.9%
|7.3%
|0.7%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Calgary]]
|1,239,220
|36.2%
|4.2%
|8.5%
|2.1%
|9.5%
|7.3%
|1.0%
|2.0%
|1.1%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Ottawa]]
|934,243
|26.3%
|6.6%
|5.1%
|1.2%
|4.2%
|2.7%
|1.0%
|4.5%
|0.9%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Edmonton]]
|932,546
|37.1%
|5.9%
|7.3%
|1.9%
|9.5%
|7.7%
|0.7%
|2.6%
|1.1%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Mississauga]]
|721,599
|57.2%
|6.6%
|8.7%
|2.3%
|23.2%
|7.2%
|1.1%
|5.1%
|1.9%
|1.3%
|-
|[[Winnipeg]]
|705,224
|28.0%
|3.9%
|3.6%
|1.0%
|5.4%
|11.8%
|0.4%
|0.7%
|0.9%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Vancouver]]
|631,486
|51.6%
|1.0%
|30.2%
|1.8%
|6.0%
|8.7%
|1.4%
|0.5%
|1.8%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Brampton]]
|593,638
|73.3%
|13.9%
|1.7%
|2.4%
|44.3%
|4.8%
|0.9%
|1.0%
|1.6%
|2.7%
|-
|[[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]]
|536,917
|19.0%
|3.8%
|2.5%
|1.6%
|4.2%
|2.8%
|0.9%
|2.0%
|0.7%
|0.5%
|-
|[[Quebec City]]
|531,902
|6.4%
|2.4%
|0.5%
|1.3%
|0.3%
|0.5%
|0.1%
|1.2%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Surrey, British Columbia|Surrey]]
|517,887
|58.5%
|1.8%
|7.8%
|1.4%
|32.8%
|8.8%
|0.7%
|1.1%
|1.2%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Laval, Quebec|Laval]]
|422,993
|26.1%
|7.8%
|1.0%
|3.1%
|2.1%
|2.1%
|1.0%
|8.2%
|0.3%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax]]
|403,131
|11.4%
|3.8%
|2.2%
|0.3%
|1.6%
|0.9%
|0.3%
|1.8%
|0.3%
|0.1%
|-
|[[London, Ontario|London]]
|383,822
|19.9%
|3.0%
|3.8%
|2.4%
|3.1%
|2.1%
|0.9%
|3.6%
|0.6%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Markham, Ontario|Markham]]
|328,966
|77.9%
|2.9%
|46.8%
|0.5%
|17.8%
|3.8%
|2.4%
|1.0%
|2.1%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Vaughan]]
|306,233
|35.4%
|2.7%
|8.7%
|2.4%
|10.1%
|5.1%
|2.9%
|1.4%
|1.4%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Gatineau]]
|276,245
|13.5%
|6.1%
|1.0%
|1.5%
|0.4%
|0.7%
|0.3%
|3.1%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Longueuil]]
|239,700
|18.6%
|7.0%
|1.4%
|3.1%
|0.8%
|1.3%
|0.8%
|3.2%
|0.4%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Burnaby]]
|232,755
|63.6%
|1.6%
|38.9%
|2.0%
|8.1%
|7.7%
|2.2%
|0.7%
|2.1%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Saskatoon]]
|246,376
|19.8%
|2.2%
|3.6%
|0.8%
|5.5%
|5.4%
|0.5%
|1.0%
|0.6%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]]
|233,222
|21.8%
|4.1%
|2.6%
|2.6%
|5.0%
|2.9%
|1.2%
|1.8%
|0.8%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]]
|217,188
|26.9%
|5.0%
|3.6%
|1.2%
|4.5%
|3.0%
|0.6%
|7.5%
|0.9%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]]
|215,106
|19.2%
|3.0%
|6.2%
|0.6%
|5.9%
|5.2%
|0.3%
|0.7%
|0.4%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Richmond, British Columbia|Richmond]]
|198,309
|76.3%
|0.6%
|55.6%
|0.8%
|7.3%
|7.9%
|0.6%
|0.8%
|2.4%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Richmond Hill, Ontario|Richmond Hill]]
|195,022
|60.0%
|2.0%
|32.5%
|0.8%
|7.7%
|2.7%
|10.4%
|1.8%
|1.6%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Oakville, Ontario|Oakville]]
|193,832
|30.8%
|2.9%
|9.0%
|1.9%
|8.9%
|2.4%
|1.1%
|3.2%
|1.0%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]]
|183,314
|16.0%
|2.1%
|2.9%
|1.3%
|4.8%
|2.0%
|0.6%
|1.4%
|0.6%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Greater Sudbury]]
|161,531
|3.8%
|0.9%
|0.7%
|0.2%
|0.9%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Sherbrooke]]
|161,323
|7.3%
|2.2%
|0.4%
|1.7%
|0.3%
|0.4%
|0.8%
|1.2%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Oshawa]]
|159,458
|16.0%
|5.5%
|2.0%
|0.8%
|3.8%
|1.6%
|0.4%
|0.6%
|0.8%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Saguenay, Quebec|Saguenay]]
|145,949
|1.4%
|0.5%
|0.2%
|0.2%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|0.0%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Lévis, Quebec|Lévis]]
|143,414
|2.2%
|0.7%
|0.3%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|0.4%
|0.0%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Barrie]]
|141,434
|10.3%
|2.7%
|1.8%
|1.1%
|2.2%
|1.4%
|0.2%
|0.3%
|0.4%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Abbotsford, British Columbia|Abbotsford]]
|141,397
|33.7%
|1.0%
|3.0%
|0.8%
|25.5%
|2.2%
|0.2%
|0.2%
|0.5%
|0.2%
|-
|[[St. Catharines]]
|133,113
|12.7%
|2.9%
|2.7%
|1.7%
|1.4%
|1.8%
|0.3%
|1.1%
|0.7%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Trois-Rivières]]
|134,413
|3.5%
|1.4%
|0.3%
|0.8%
|0.1%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|0.6%
|0.0%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Cambridge, Ontario|Cambridge]]
|129,920
|15.6%
|2.5%
|1.4%
|1.3%
|6.2%
|2.1%
|0.3%
|0.8%
|0.4%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Coquitlam]]
|139,284
|50.2%
|1.1%
|29.3%
|1.6%
|4.5%
|5.2%
|5.6%
|1.0%
|1.7%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]]
|123,798
|9.7%
|1.5%
|2.7%
|0.7%
|2.0%
|1.1%
|0.4%
|0.8%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Whitby, Ontario|Whitby]]
|128,377
|25.3%
|8.0%
|3.1%
|1.1%
|6.6%
|2.4%
|1.0%
|0.8%
|1.5%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Guelph]]
|131,794
|18.8%
|2.2%
|3.6%
|1.0%
|5.0%
|4.1%
|1.2%
|0.6%
|0.9%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Kelowna]]
|127,380
|9.5%
|0.8%
|2.9%
|0.6%
|2.6%
|1.6%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Saanich, British Columbia|Saanich]]
|114,148
|22.1%
|1.0%
|10.5%
|0.7%
|5.0%
|3.0%
|0.4%
|0.6%
|0.6%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Ajax, Ontario|Ajax]]
|119,677
|56.7%
|16.7%
|3.2%
|1.4%
|20.9%
|5.3%
|2.4%
|1.7%
|2.4%
|2.7%
|-
|[[Thunder Bay]]
|107,909
|4.5%
|0.6%
|1.1%
|0.3%
|0.9%
|0.8%
|0.2%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Terrebonne, Quebec|Terrebonne]]
|111,575
|11.8%
|4.5%
|0.4%
|1.7%
|0.1%
|0.6%
|0.1%
|1.7%
|0.1%
|0.0%
|-
|[[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador|St. John's]]
|108,860
|7.0%
|1.4%
|1.6%
|0.5%
|1.5%
|0.7%
|0.2%
|1.0%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Langley, British Columbia (district municipality)|Langley]]
|117,285
|18.7%
|1.0%
|8.0%
|0.9%
|4.4%
|3.0%
|0.3%
|0.3%
|0.5%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Chatham-Kent]]
|101,647
|4.6%
|2.1%
|0.6%
|0.2%
|0.6%
|0.5%
|0.0%
|0.2%
|0.2%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Milton, Ontario|Milton]]
|110,128
|42.8%
|4.8%
|3.1%
|2.4%
|21.0%
|4.7%
|0.9%
|3.5%
|1.4%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Waterloo, Ontario|Waterloo]]
|104,986
|26.4%
|1.9%
|10.6%
|1.4%
|6.4%
|1.7%
|1.1%
|1.8%
|0.9%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Delta, British Columbia|Delta]]
|102,238
|36.0%
|0.8%
|9.2%
|0.8%
|20.3%
|3.2%
|0.3%
|0.3%
|0.8%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Red Deer, Alberta|Red Deer]]
|100,418
|15.5%
|1.8%
|1.8%
|1.8%
|1.7%
|7.0%
|0.4%
|0.5%
|0.4%
|0.1%
|}

== Aboriginal population ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Total aboriginal population
! rowspan="2" |Group
! colspan="2" |1996<ref name="1996censusAboriginal">[http://www.statcan.gc.ca/c1996-r1996/jan13-13jan/c1996-r1996-eng.pdf Statistics Canada], Population by Aboriginal Groups and Sex, Showing Age Groups, for Canada, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data)</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref name="2001censusprofile">[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= Statistics Canada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006025549/http://www12.statcan.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |date=2008-10-06 }}, Community Highlights for Canada</ref>
! colspan="2" |2006<ref name="2006 Canada Census Profile">[http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= Statistics Canada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090420123722/http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |date=2009-04-20 }}, 2006 Community Profiles: Canada (Country)</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="2011NHSprofile">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 Statistics Canada], NHS Profile, Canada, 2011</ref>
! colspan="2" |2016<ref>{{cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=October 25, 2017 |title=Aboriginal Identity (9), Age (20), Registered or Treaty Indian Status (3) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=110588&PRID=10&PTYPE=109445&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2017&THEME=122&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
|-
! %
!Total
! %
!Total
! %
!Total
! %
!Total
! %
!Total
|-
| align="left" |Total Aboriginal
|2.8%
|799,005
|3.3%
|976,305
|3.8%
|1,172,785
|4.3%
|1,400,685
|4.9%
|1,673,780
|-
| align="left" |[[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]]
|1.8%
|529,040
|2.1%
|608,850
|2.2%
|698,025
|2.6%
|851,560
|2.8%
|977,230
|-
| align="left" |[[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]]
|0.7%
|204,115
|1.0%
|292,305
|1.2%
|389,780
|1.4%
|451,795
|1.7%
|587,545
|-
| align="left" |[[Inuit people|Inuit]]
|0.14%
|40,220
|
|
|0.16%
|50,485
|0.2%
|59,445
|0.2%
|65,025
|}
''Note: Inuit, other Aboriginal and mixed Aboriginal groups are not listed as their own, but they are all accounted for in total Aboriginal''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Aboriginal population by province and territory, 2011<ref name="NHS Profiles2"/>
!Province/territory
!Not Aboriginal
![[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]]
![[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]]
![[Inuit]]
![[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|Aboriginal]], {{abbr|n.i.e.|Not included elsewhere}}
!Multiple Aboriginal identities
!Total Aboriginal population
!''Total population''
|-
|[[Alberta]]<ref name="Statistics Canada2"/>
|2,690,960
|116,670
|96,870
|1,985
|3,300
|1,870
|220,695
|''3,567,980''
|-
|[[British Columbia]]<ref name="www12.statcan.gc.ca2"/>
|2,911,295
|155,020
|69,475
|1,570
|3,745
|2,480
|232,290
|''4,324,455''
|-
|[[Manitoba]]<ref name="ReferenceA2"/>
|824,830
|114,225
|78,830
|580
|1,055
|1,200
|195,895
|''1,174,350''
|-
|[[New Brunswick]]<ref name="ReferenceB2"/>
|696,080
|16,120
|4,850
|485
|1,020
|150
|22,620
|''735,835''
|-
|[[Newfoundland and Labrador]]<ref name="ReferenceC2"/>
|464,540
|19,315
|7,660
|6,265
|2,300
|260
|35,800
|''507,270''
|-
|[[Northwest Territories]]<ref name="statcan12"/>
|16,920
|13,350
|3,250
|4,335
|185
|45
|21,160
|''40,800''
|-
|[[Nova Scotia]]<ref name="statcan22"/>
|825,055
|21,895
|10,050
|695
|980
|225
|33,850
|''906,175''
|-
|[[Nunavut]]<ref name="statcan32"/>
|3,825
|125
|130
|27,070
|15
|20
|27,365
|''31,700''
|-
|[[Ontario]]<ref name="statcan42"/>
|9,070,800
|201,100
|86,020
|3,355
|8,040
|2,910
|301,430
|''12,651,795''
|-
|[[Prince Edward Island]]<ref name="statcan52"/>
|130,890
|1,520
|410
|55
|235
|0
|2,230
|''137,380''
|-
|[[Quebec]]<ref name="statcan62"/>
|6,740,375
|82,425
|40,960
|12,570
|4,415
|1,545
|141,915
|''7,732,525''
|-
|[[Saskatchewan]]<ref name="statcan72"/>
|787,745
|103,205
|52,450
|290
|1,120
|675
|157,740
|''1,008,760''
|-
|[[Yukon]]<ref name="statcan82"/>
|23,590
|6,585
|845
|175
|70
|25
|7,705
|''33,320''
|-
![[Canada]]<ref name="statcan92"/>
!25,186,890
!851,560
!451,795
!59,440
!26,475
!11,415
!1,400,685
!''32,852,325''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!City
!Population
!Total Aboriginal
![[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]]
![[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]]
|-
|[[Toronto]]
|2,576,025
|0.7%
|0.5%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Montreal]]
|1,612,640
|0.6%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Calgary]]
|1,082,235
|2.7%
|1.2%
|1.4%
|-
|[[Ottawa]]
|867,090
|2.1%
|1.2%
|0.7%
|-
|[[Edmonton]]
|795,675
|5.3%
|2.4%
|2.7%
|-
|[[Mississauga]]
|708,725
|0.5%
|0.3%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Winnipeg]]
|649,995
|11.7%
|5.9%
|6.3%
|-
|[[Vancouver]]
|590,210
|2.0%
|1.3%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Brampton]]
|521,315
|0.7%
|0.4%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]]
|509,640
|2.0%
|1.6%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Quebec City]]
|502,595
|0.9%
|0.5%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Surrey, British Columbia|Surrey]]
|463,340
|2.9%
|1.9%
|1.0%
|-
|[[Laval, Quebec|Laval]]
|392,725
|0.6%
|0.3%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax]]
|384,330
|2.5%
|1.5%
|0.8%
|-
|[[London, Ontario|London]]
|360,715
|1.9%
|1.4%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Markham, Ontario|Markham]]
|300,135
|0.2%
|0.1%
|0.1%
|-
|[[Vaughan]]
|286,305
|0.2%
|0.1%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Gatineau]]
|261,665
|3.5%
|1.8%
|1.5%
|-
|[[Longueuil]]
|227,970
|1.0%
|0.6%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Burnaby]]
|220,255
|1.5%
|0.9%
|0.5%
|-
|[[Saskatoon]]
|218,315
|10.2%
|4.9%
|4.6%
|-
|[[Kitchener, Ontario|Kitchener]]
|215,950
|1.5%
|0.9%
|0.5%
|-
|[[Windsor, Ontario|Windsor]]
|208,015
|2.3%
|1.3%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]]
|189,740
|9.9%
|5.8%
|3.9%
|-
|[[Richmond, British Columbia|Richmond]]
|189,305
|1.0%
|0.7%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Richmond Hill, Ontario|Richmond Hill]]
|184,370
|0.2%
|0.1%
|0.0%
|-
|[[Oakville, Ontario|Oakville]]
|180,430
|0.6%
|0.4%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]]
|173,495
|0.9%
|0.5%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Greater Sudbury]]
|157,765
|8.2%
|3.8%
|4.1%
|-
|[[Sherbrooke]]
|150,255
|0.9%
|0.5%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Oshawa]]
|147,680
|2.0%
|1.2%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Saguenay, Quebec|Saguenay]]
|141,335
|2.5%
|0.8%
|1.6%
|-
|[[Lévis, Quebec|Lévis]]
|135,835
|0.5%
|0.2%
|0.2%
|-
|[[Barrie]]
|133,240
|2.6%
|1.4%
|1.2%
|-
|[[Abbotsford, British Columbia|Abbotsford]]
|130,950
|4.0%
|2.5%
|1.6%
|-
|[[St. Catharines]]
|128,770
|1.9%
|1.2%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Trois-Rivières]]
|126,980
|1.1%
|0.6%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Cambridge, Ontario|Cambridge]]
|125,060
|2.0%
|1.2%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Coquitlam]]
|125,015
|2.1%
|1.1%
|0.9%
|-
|[[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]]
|118,930
|2.9%
|2.0%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Whitby, Ontario|Whitby]]
|120,285
|1.2%
|0.7%
|0.4%
|-
|[[Guelph]]
|120,550
|1.6%
|1.0%
|0.6%
|-
|[[Kelowna]]
|114,570
|4.5%
|2.1%
|2.3%
|-
|[[Saanich, British Columbia|Saanich]]
|107,855
|2.7%
|1.5%
|1.1%
|-
|[[Ajax, Ontario|Ajax]]
|109,220
|1.0%
|0.7%
|0.3%
|-
|[[Thunder Bay]]
|105,950
|9.5%
|7.3%
|2.0%
|-
|[[Terrebonne, Quebec|Terrebonne]]
|105,610
|0.7%
|0.5%
|0.1%
|-
|[[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador|St. John's]]
|103,905
|2.6%
|1.2%
|0.8%
|-
|[[Langley, British Columbia (district municipality)|Langley]]
|103,145
|3.4%
|1.6%
|1.7%
|-
|[[Chatham-Kent]]
|101,680
|2.9%
|1.7%
|0.9%
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|History|Canada}}
* [[1666 census of New France]]
* [[Canada 1911 Census]]
* [[Canada 1996 Census]]
* [[Canada 2001 Census]]
* [[Canada 2006 Census]]
* [[Canada 2011 Census]]
* [[Canada 2016 Census]]
* [[Demographics of Canada]]
* [[Immigration to Canada]]
** [[Canada immigration statistics]]
* [[Multiculturalism in Canada]]
* [[Population of Canada by years]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book
|first =J. M  | last =Bumsted
|title =Canada's diverse peoples: a reference sourcebook
|publisher =Library of Congress (ABC-CLIO)
|year =2003
|isbn =1-57607-672-5
|url =https://archive.org/details/canadasdiversepe0000bums
 |url-access =registration  |page =[https://archive.org/details/canadasdiversepe0000bums/page/42 42]  |quote =The people of Canada.  }}
* {{cite book
|first = Paul R| last = Magocsi
|title =Encyclopedia of Canada's peoples
|publisher =Society of Ontario, University of Toronto Press
|year =1999
|isbn =0-8020-2938-8
|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=dbUuX0mnvQMC&q=Territorial%20evolution%20of%20Canada&pg=PP1
 }}

==External links==
{{commons category|Ethnic groups in Canada}}
* [http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-402-x/11-402-x2010000-eng.htm Canada Year Book 2010] – Statistics Canada

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