View source for Wikipedia:WikiProject Anthroponymy/Standards

{{redirect|WP:APOS|the Manual of Style for apostrophes|MOS:'}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Anthroponymy/Navigation}}
[[File:WPanthroponymy.svg|thumb|right|80px|WikiProject Anthroponymy]]
{{Wikiproject style advice|WP:APO/S|WP:APOS|sort-by=Anthroponymy}}
'''WikiProject [[Anthroponymy]] Standards'''

{{Anchor|title}}

== Title ==
{{Shortcut|WP:APOAT|WP:APOTITLE}}
{{Further|Wikipedia:Article titles}}
If another article exists with the same title and the name article is not the [[WP:PRIMARYTOPIC|primary topic]], the title should be qualified with:
* "(surname)", if the article ''only'' covers a surname.
* "(given name)", if the article ''only'' covers a given name.
* "(name)", if the article covers both, or is ambiguous.
Use the [[demonym]] if it needs to be disambiguated further. Example: [[Chu (Chinese surname)]] and [[Chu (Vietnamese surname)]].

{{Anchor|hatnote}}

==Hatnotes==
{{shortcut|WP:APOHN}}
[[Wikipedia:Hatnote|Hatnotes]] provide links to other similarly named articles. They help users to navigate between articles such as the disambiguation page [[Spencer (disambiguation)|Spencer]], the surname article [[Spencer (surname)]], and the given name article [[Spencer (given name)]].

{{Anchor|entries}}

==Entries==
{{shortcut|WP:APOENTRIES}}
Entries included in an anthroponymy article should be limited to notable persons who have a surname that matches the surname article's title, or persons who have a given name that matches the given name article's title. An anthroponymy article may include both surnames and given names, but those entries should be listed in separate sections within the article. Partial matches should not be added to the [[Wikipedia:List|list]] of entries, but may be included in the ''See also'' section.

Alternate spellings of the same name may be included if they have the same origin as the primary spelling. Preferred format:
:{| style="border: 1px solid black" width=70%
|-
|
'''Fittkau''', or '''Fitkau''', is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
|}

Misspellings should be listed only if there is a genuine risk of confusion, but should be placed in ''See also''. 

===Red links===
{{shortcut|WP:APORL|WP:APORED}}
Sometimes it is useful in editing article text to create a [[WP:REDLINK|red link]] to indicate that a page will be created soon or that an article should be created for the topic because it would be [[WP:N|notable]] and [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiable]]. However, rather than using red links in [[WP:LIST|lists]], [[WP:DAB|disambiguation pages]] or [[WP:TEMPLATE|templates]] as an article creation guide, editors are encouraged to [[WP:WTAF|write the article first]], and instead use the [[WP:PROJ|wikiproject]] or user spaces to keep track of unwritten articles.

===Formatting===
Entries have certain limitations to promote consistency and usability. Not unlike [[Wikipedia:DAB|Disambiguation]] pages, Names articles may contain lists of persons and each entry should follow a particular format.

Entries should not include External links. References are not required since the article that the entry is linked to should include citations.

Entry format follows this basic pattern: Bullet Wikilink (birth year–death year), descriptor
:{| style="border: 1px solid black" width=70%
|-
|
* [[Joel Spencer]] (born 1946), American mathematician
* [[Walter Baldwin Spencer]] (1860–1929), British-Australian biologist and anthropologist
* [[Tribhuvandas Luhar]] (1908–1991), Gujarati writer
|}
{{hidden
|syntax
|<pre>
* [[Joel Spencer]] (born 1946), American mathematician
* [[Walter Baldwin Spencer]] (1860–1929), British-Australian biologist and anthropologist
* [[Tribhuvandas Luhar]] (1908–1991), Gujarati writer
</pre>
|headerstyle=background:#ccccff
|style=text-align:center;
}}

====Entry wikilink====
=====Piped links=====
{{shortcut|WP:APOPIPE}}
[[Wikipedia:Piped_link|Piped links]] should not be used for entries. The wikilink should be the actual [[Wikipedia:AT|article title]].

{{green|Good}}:
* [[Walter Baldwin Spencer]] (1860–1929), British-Australian biologist and anthropologist
{{red|Bad}}:
* <del>[[Walter Baldwin Spencer|Wally (Happy) Spencer]] (1860–1929), British-Australian biologist and anthropologist</del>

====Birth and death====
{{main|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers#Ranges}}
Birth and death information should be included directly following the name, if available, in parentheses to help differentiate one entry from another.
* Subject living, e.g.: 
**[[Serena Williams]] (born 1981), American professional tennis player
* Year of birth is unknown and earliest known period of activity, e.g.:
** [[Offa of Mercia]] (before 734 – 796)
* Year of birth is known only approximately, e.g.: 
** [[Genghis Khan]] (c. 1162 – 1227)
* Years of both birth and death are known only approximately, e.g.: 
** [[Dionysius Exiguus]] (c. 470 – c. 540)
* Year of death is unknown extrapolated from last known period of activity, e.g.: 
** [[Robert Menli Lyon]] (1789 – after 1863)
* Reign of a sovereign is uncertain, e.g.: 
** [[Rameses III]] (reigned c. 1180 BCE – c. 1150 BCE)
* Known to have been flourishing, e.g.: 
** [[Osmund of Sussex]] ([[floruit|fl.]] 760–772)
* Known to have been alive as early as about 660 but died in 685, e.g.: 
** [[Aethelwalh]] ([[floruit|fl.]] c. 660 – 685)

====Descriptor====
{{shortcut|WP:APODESCRIPTOR|WP:APOONEBLUE}}
Descriptors provide an overview of the subject of the entry.
* Text should be kept to a minimum because the actual article should provide the best description of the subject
* Format follows this basic pattern: Citizenship occupation
** e.g. American tennis player
* Descriptor should not include a wikilink. Only the person should be linked.

=="See also" section==
{{shortcut|WP:APOSA}}
The ''See also'' section is appropriate for alternate names or misspellings that are on a different page. Similarly-titled articles that are not about names should be handled in a hatnote. They are not placed in the ''See also'', unlike in disambiguation pages.  This allows the reader to navigate quicker from the name page to any of the other possible desired articles.

Disambiguation pages that include a list of people with a similar name can be repeated in both a hatnote (for quick navigation to non-name pages) as well as in ''See also'' (for navigation to the list of names):

<blockquote style="background-color: white; color: black; border:1px solid black; padding: 1em;">
{{other|Torrance (disambiguation)}}
'''Torrence''' is a surname. Notable people with the name include:

...

{{fake heading|sub=2|See also}}
* [[Torrance (disambiguation)]], includes a list of people with the name Torrance
</blockquote>

{{Anchor|Example}}

==<span name=Example> Articles </span>==
{{shortcut|WP:NNAME|WP:APONOTE|WP:APOEXAMPLE}}
A name article usually contains either a list of entries that link to other articles or a wikilink to a list article. If at least two articles matching the surname or given name of the subject of a name article do not exist, then the surname or given name list article would not be [[Wikipedia:Notability|notable]] and should not be created. A properly sourced article about a name may still be notable without a list.

For example, [[Spencer (surname)]] has been assessed as a good article. Spencer is the subject of a number of articles. Each is presented here as an example of article use in the Wikiproject Anthroponymy.

{{Anchor|DAB}}
===<span name=DAB> Spencer – primary topic </span>===
{{shortcut|WP:APODAB}}
{{main|Wikipedia:Disambiguation}}
{{see also|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Disambiguation pages#Given names or surnames}}

There is no [[Wikipedia:Primary topic|primary topic]] for Spencer, so the [[Wikipedia:Disambiguation|disambiguation]] page [[Spencer (disambiguation)|Spencer]] is at the base name.

:''Please note this is an example of how links to Names articles look inside of a disambiguation page''
<blockquote style="background-color: white; color: black; border:1px solid black; padding: 1em;">
'''Spencer''' may refer to:

<span style="font-size: 25px;">Names</span>
----
*[[Spencer (surname)]], a surname
**[[List of people with surname Spencer]]
*[[Spencer (given name)]], a given name (including a list of people with the name)

...
</blockquote>

{{hidden
|syntax
|<pre>
'''Spencer''' may refer to:
==Names==
*[[Spencer (surname)]], a surname
**[[List of people with surname Spencer]]
*[[Spencer (given name)]], a given name (including a list of people with the name)

...
</pre>
|headerstyle=background:#ccccff
|style=text-align:center;
}}

{{Anchor|surname}}

===<span name=surname> Spencer (surname) </span>===
{{shortcut|WP:APOSURNAME}}
[[Spencer (surname)]] is an article about the [[Family name]] Spencer. This article is '''not''' a [[disambiguation page]].
<blockquote style="background-color: white; color: black; border:1px solid black; padding: 1em;">
{{For|a list of people with the surname Spencer|List of people with surname Spencer}}
{{Infobox surname
|name      = Spencer
|image     = <!-- Spencer Arms.svg -->
|imagesize = 80px
|caption   =  '''Arms of Sir John Spencer of [[Wormleighton]], [[Warwickshire]], granted in 1504'''
| pronunciation = spènser, {{IPA-en|ˈspɛnsər|}}<br />
| meaning       = derived from the [[Old French]] despensier, a [[Stewardship|steward]]
| region        = [[England]]
| origin        = [[Medieval Latin]] dispensa and dispensator
| variant = [[Spenser (disambiguation)|Spenser]], [[Spender]], Espencer, Spence, Spens|
| foreign equivalents = Speiser (German), Economos (Greek)
| footnotes =
}}
The origin of the surname '''Spencer''' (also [[Spence (surname)|Spence]], [[Spender]], [[Spens (disambiguation)|Spens]], and [[Spenser (disambiguation)|Spenser]]) can be traced directly to [[Robert Despenser|Robert d'Abbetot]], who is listed as Robert le Dispenser, a tenant-in-chief of several counties, in the [[Domesday Book]] of 1086. Robert was possibly one of the [[Normandy|Norman]] knights who fought alongside (or accompanied) [[William the Conqueror]] in the defeat of [[Harold Godwinson|King Harold II of England]] at the [[Battle of Hastings]] in 1066. There is little doubt that both Robert and his brother Urse came to England at about the time as the Battle of Hastings. They were both beneficiaries of William over the years, and were given titles and substantial land and property—suggesting repayment for some earlier deeds. It is likely that  Robert's first acknowledgment was his official appointment as Royal "Dispencier" sometimes expressed more grandly as "Royal Steward", "King's Steward" or "Lord Steward". As dispenser of provisions to the King and his household Robert was known and recorded as ''Robert le Despencer'' or, in its Latinised form, ''Robertus Dispensator.'' There is also the possibility that Robert held this official position before arriving in England.

Robert's adopted surname was usually written as ''Despenser'' or ''Dispenser''—notably in works such as the Domesday Book of 1086 and the Scottish [[Ragman Rolls]] of 1291 and 1296. From 1066 until the 13th century the occupational name attributed to Robert d'Abetot existed with numerous spelling and other variations. Eventually both the "le" and "de" that frequently preceded the name were omitted. In 1392 the popular "s" in the centre of the name was discarded and replaced with the "c" seen in the present-day form—''Spencer''.

The surname Spencer has gained in popularity over time. In the 19th century it also become popular as a given name—especially in the United States of America.

...

<span style="font-size: 24px;">Notable Spencers</span>

{{surname|Spencer}}
</blockquote>

{{hidden
|syntax
|<pre>
{{For|a list of persons with the surname Spencer|List of persons with the surname Spencer}}
{{Infobox surname
|name = Spencer
|image= Spencer Arms.svg
|imagesize = 80px
|caption   =  '''Arms of Sir John Spencer of [[Wormleighton]], [[Warwickshire]], granted in 1504'''
| pronunciation = spènser, {{IPA-en|ˈspɛnsər|}}<br />
| meaning       = derived from the [[Old French]] despensier, a [[Stewardship|steward]]
| region        = [[England]]
| origin        = [[Medieval Latin]] dispensa and dispensator
| variant = [[Spenser]], [[Spender]], Espencer, Spence, Spens|
| foreign equivalents = Speiser (German), Economos (Greek)
| footnotes =
}}
The origin of the surname '''Spencer''' (also [[Spence (surname)|Spence]], [[Spender]],  [[Spens]], and [[Spenser]]) can be traced directly to [[Robert Despenser|Robert d'Abbetot]], who is listed as Robert le Dispenser, a tenant-in-chief of several counties, in the [[Domesday Book]] of 1086. Robert was possibly one of the [[Normandy|Norman]] knights who fought alongside (or accompanied) [[William the Conqueror]] in the defeat of [[Harold Godwinson|King Harold II of England]] at the [[Battle of Hastings]] in 1066. There is little doubt that both Robert and his brother Urse came to England at about the time as the Battle of Hastings. They were both beneficiaries of William over the years, and were given titles and substantial land and property—suggesting repayment for some earlier deeds. It is likely that Robert's  first acknowledgment was his official appointment as Royal "Dispencier" sometimes expressed more grandly as "Royal Steward", "King's Steward" or "Lord Steward". As dispenser of provisions to the King and his household Robert was known and recorded as ''Robert le Despencer'' or, in its Latinised form, ''Robertus Dispensator.'' There is also the possibility that Robert held this official position before arriving in England.

Robert's adopted surname was usually written as ''Despenser'' or ''Dispenser''—notably in works such as the Domesday Book of 1086 and the Scottish [[Ragman Rolls]] of 1291 and 1296. From 1066 until the 13th century the occupational name attributed to Robert d'Abetot existed with numerous spelling and other variations. Eventually both the "le" and "de" that frequently preceded the name were omitted. In 1392 the popular "s" in the centre of the name was discarded and replaced with the "c" seen in the present-day form—''Spencer''.

The surname Spencer has gained in popularity over time. In the 19th century it also become popular as a given name—especially in the United States of America.

...

==Notable Spencers==
{{Main|List of persons with the surname Spencer}}
:The following is a small selection of notable Spencers.

...

{{surname|Spencer}}
</pre>
|headerstyle=background:#ccccff
|style=text-align:center;
}}

{{Anchor|list}}

===<span name=list> List of people with surname Spencer </span>===
{{shortcut|WP:APOLIST}}
The [[Spencer (surname)]] has a good deal of content, so adding the full list of people with the surname would be excessive. There are enough persons with that surname to support its own list. [[List of people with surname Spencer]] is '''not''' a [[disambiguation page]]; it is a [[WP:L|List]].
<blockquote style="background-color: white; color: black; border:1px solid black; padding: 1em;">
{{wiktionary|Spencer}}

This is a list of people with surname [[Spencer (surname)|Spencer]].

{{Compact ToC|allowtoc=yes|side=yes|top=yes|num=yes}}

<span style="font-size: 27px;">A</span>
----
[[File:AlbertSpencer.jpg|thumb|100px|right|Albert Spencer]]
* [[Abigail Spencer]] (born 1981), American actress
* [[Adam Spencer]] (born 1969), Australian radio presenter, comedian, and media personality
* [[Alan Spencer]], American television writer and producer
* [[Alan Spencer (cricketer)]] (born 1936), English cricketer
...

<span style="font-size: 27px;">B</span>
----
* [[Baldwin Spencer (politician)]] (born 1948), Prime Minister of [[Antigua and Barbuda]]
* [[Barb Spencer]] (born 1966), Canadian curler
* [[Barbara J. Spencer]], Australian-Canadian economist
* [[Bernard Spencer]] (1909–1963), English poet, translator, and editor
...
</blockquote>

{{hidden
|syntax
|<pre>
{{wiktionary|Spencer}}
{{For|the history and derivation of the surname Spencer|Spencer (surname)}}

This is a '''list of people with surname Spencer'''.

{{Compact ToC|allowtoc=yes|side=yes|top=yes|num=yes}}

==A==
[[File:AlbertSpencer.jpg|thumb|100px|right|Albert Spencer]]
* [[Abigail Spencer]] (born 1981), American actress
* [[Adam Spencer]] (born 1969), Australian radio presenter, comedian, and media personality
* [[Alan Spencer]], American television writer and producer
* [[Alan Spencer (cricketer)]] (born 1936), English cricketer
...
==B==
* [[Baldwin Spencer]] (born 1948), Prime Minister of [[Antigua and Barbuda]]
* [[Barb Spencer]] (born 1966), Canadian curler
* [[Barbara J. Spencer]], Australian-Canadian economist
* [[Bernard Spencer]] (1909–1963), English poet, translator, and editor
...
</pre>
|headerstyle=background:#ccccff
|style=text-align:center;
}}

{{Anchor|given}}

===<span name=given> Spencer (given name) </span>===
{{shortcut|WP:APONAME-LIST}}
The [[Spencer (given name)]] article does not have much prose other than a list of persons with the given name. This article is '''not''' a [[disambiguation page]]; it is an article with a list that follows the [[Wikipedia:MOS|Manual of Style]] for [[WP:L|Wikipedia Lists]].
<blockquote style="background-color: white; color: black; border:1px solid black; padding: 1em;">
{{other|Spencer (disambiguation){{!}}Spencer}}
{{Infobox given name2
| name            = Spencer 
| image           = 
| image_size      = 
| caption         = 
| pronunciation   = 
| gender          = Male
| nameday         = 
| language        = English
}}
'''Spencer''' is a given name of [[England|English]] origin...

<span style="font-size: 22px;">List of people with the given name</span>
----
*[[Spencer Abraham]] (born 1952), American politician
*[[Spencer Abbott (baseball)]] (1877–1951), American baseball player
...

{{given name}}

</blockquote>

{{hidden
|syntax
|<pre>
{{other|Spencer}}
{{Infobox given name2
| name            = Spencer 
| image           = 
| image_size      = 
| caption         = 
| pronunciation   = 
| gender          = Male
| nameday         = 
| language        = English
}}
'''Spencer''' is a given name of [[England|English]] origin.

==List of persons with the given name==
*[[Spencer Abraham]] (born 1952), American politician
*[[Spencer Abbott (baseball)]] (1877–1951), American baseball player
...

{{given name}}

</pre>
|headerstyle=background:#ccccff
|style=text-align:center;
}}

{{Anchor|surnamestub}}

===<span name=surnamestub> Surname stub </span>===
{{shortcut|WP:APOSTUB}}
Surname article stubs follow the Wikipedia guidelines for [[WP:PSA|stubs]]: "A stub is an article containing only a few sentences of text which—though providing some useful information—is too short to provide encyclopedic coverage of a subject". Please use the template {{tl|surname-stub}} (as well as any other stub templates) on surname articles sparingly, only if the article has a potential of expansion beyond a simple etymology, see, e.g., the example in [[WP:APOSURNAME]]. Otherwise please use the {{tl|surname}} template.

==See also==
* [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style (disambiguation pages)#Given names or surnames]]
* [[Wikipedia:Deletion policy/names and surnames]] (discussion reached conclusions in May 2005)
* [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lists]]
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (long lists)]]
* [[Wikipedia:Name pages]], essay