View source for Wikipedia:Username policy

{{policy|[[WP:U]]<br>[[WP:UN]]<br>[[WP:USERNAME]]}}
{{nutshell|When choosing an account name, be careful to avoid names which may be offensive, confusing or unintelligible to English-speaking users. You are encouraged to use only ''one'' account.}}
{{Policylist Behavioral}}
{{Redirect|WP:UN|the United Nations WikiProject |Wikipedia:WikiProject United Nations}}
:''See also'': [[Wikipedia:How to log in]] ''and'' [[Wikipedia:Changing username]]
2
The '''username policy''' covers accepted practices and behavior in naming and operating a user account on Wikipedia for accounts created after [[2006-12-08]].

When you create a new account, so you can log in, one of the things you'll have to do is pick a '''username'''. This page gives some advice on this, and also details uses of accounts which are not acceptable.

Your username is attached to all edits you make while logged in. This means that all your edits are credited and attributed to you. This is further explained at [[Wikipedia:Why create an account?]].

==Choosing a username==
The choice of username might be based on your real name or a familiar Internet nickname, or a new pseudonym that you use only for Wikipedia, depending on how much anonymity you want to preserve while editing.

Some Wikipedia editors have been subject to severe harassment outside of Wikipedia as a result of their contributions on Wikipedia. For some people this is a reason not to use their real name or any previously used username or nickname that can be tied back to you. It is possible to change your mind later and rename your account, but a record will still exist tying you to the original username; see below for details.

If you choose not to use your real name, you should pick a username that doesn't interfere with the writing of this encyclopedia. That means a name that you're comfortable writing under, but also one that others are comfortable seeing and collaborating with. A controversial name may affect other users' perspective on your credibility or political or religious viewpoint. Avoiding controversial names is in your own interest.

Wikipedia usernames are [[case sensitivity|case sensitive]]. The first letter of all usernames is automatically capitalized.

===Signatures===
By default, your username is also used as your signature on talk page posts. For details on signatures and how to customize them, see [[Wikipedia:Signatures]].

Some editors on this Wikipedia will be unable to read a username written in non-Latin alphabets, such as Chinese. Non-Latin usernames are allowed, but if you have one you are encouraged to customize your signature to include a transliteration.

===Username disambiguation===
If your username is similar to that of another Wikipedia editor, you should add a [[Wikipedia:Hatnotes|hatnote]] (disambiguation) so a reader can find the other editor if desired. You can use the templates {{tl|thisuser}}, {{tl|thisusertalk}}, and {{tl|userpage otheruse}}, among others, at the top of your user page and user talk page for this purpose.

If your username is commonly misspelled, consider adding a [[Wikipedia:Redirect|redirect]] from the misspelled username to your actual username. (You can create a user page without going through the new user process.)

==Inappropriate usernames==
Wikipedia does not allow usernames that are confusing, misleading, disruptive, promotional or offensive.  In borderline cases, you will be asked to choose a new username; in egregious cases, your account will simply be permanently blocked. 

The line between acceptable and unacceptable user names is based on the opinions of other editors, not by the creator of the name. You should not create new usernames for the purpose of trying to find this line. If your real name appears to be inappropriate but you wish to use it anyway, you can e-mail an [[Wikipedia:Administrators|administrator]] to work out a solution. Note that the examples below are also inappropriate for your [[WP:SIG|signature]].  

#<span id="Confusing" />'''Confusing usernames''' that make it unduly difficult to identify users by their username, including but not limited to:
#*<span id="Similar" />Usernames that closely resemble the name of another Wikipedia user and may cause confusion.
#*<span id="Process" />Usernames that confusingly refer to a Wikipedia process, namespace, or toolbar item.
#*<span id="Random" />Usernames that consist of a lengthy or apparently random sequence, of characters, e.g. "aaaaaaaaaaaa" or "ghfjkghdfjgkdhfjkg".
#*<span id="Length" />Usernames that are extremely lengthy.
#<span id="Misleading" />'''Misleading usernames''' that imply relevant, misleading things about the user, including but not limited to:
#*<span id="Official" />Usernames that imply the user is an admin or other official figure on Wikipedia, or of the Wikimedia foundation.
#*<span id="Celebrity" />Usernames that match the name of a well-known living or recently deceased person, unless you [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiably]] ''are'' that person, in which case please note this on your [[Wikipedia:User page|user page.]]  [[Wikipedia:Wikipedians with articles|Wikipedians with articles]] is a list of such users.
#*<span id="Bot" />Usernames that imply an automated account, such as names containing "robot", "bot", or a variation thereof. Such usernames are reserved for [[Wikipedia:Bot policy|bot accounts]].
#<span id="Disruptive" />'''Disruptive usernames''' that disrupt or misuse Wikipedia, or imply an intent to do so, including but not limited to:
#*<span id="Vandal" />Usernames that are similar to those used by known vandals.
#*<span id="Personal" />Usernames that are [[Wikipedia:No personal attacks|attacks]] on specific users.
#*Usernames that contain personal information about people, such as a telephone number or street address.
#*<span id="Hacker" />Usernames that allude to hacking, trolling, vandalism, legal threats, or computer viruses.
#*<span id="Profane" />Usernames that include [[profanity]], or obscenities, or references to genitalia or sexual slang.
#<span id="Promotional" />'''Promotional usernames''' that attempt to promote a group or company on Wikipedia, including but not limited to:
#*Usernames that match the name of a company or group, especially if the user promotes it.
#*E-mail addresses or web page addresses are generally considered likely to be promotional.  Note that for a long time, email addresses were not prohibited.
#<span id="Offensive" />'''Offensive usernames''' that may make harmonious editing difficult or impossible, including but not limited to:
#*<span id="POV" />Usernames that promote a controversial or potentially inflammatory point of view.
#*<span id="Insult" />Usernames that are defamatory or insulting to other people, groups, articles or processes.
#*<span id="Religious" />Usernames that invoke the name of a religious figure or religion in a distasteful, disrespectful, or provocative way, or promote one religion over another.  (Note that simple expressions of faith are allowed unless they are disruptive, but are discouraged.)
#*<span id="Violent" />Usernames that promote or endorse real-world violent actions.
#*<span id="Hate" />Usernames that refer or include allusions to racism, sexism, hate speech, sexual orientation, et cetera.
#*<span id="Medical" />Usernames that refer to a medical condition or disability, especially in a belittling way.
#*<span id="Slur" />Usernames that include [[Term of disparagement|slurs]], or references to reproductive or excretory bodily functions.

A username that is inappropriate in another language or one that includes misspellings and substitutions such as through [[Leet]]speak may still be considered inappropriate in general.  

Usernames should ''not'' be considered inappropriate unless one of the general reasons applies: use common sense.

===Reporting inappropriate names===
Unless a username is a '''blatant''' infringement of username policy, do not report it unless the user has begun editing.

'''Clearly''' inappropriate usernames should be reported at [[Wikipedia:Usernames for administrator attention]], and can be blocked on sight by any administrator. In these cases it is frequently useful to disable account creation, if the username is believed to have been created in bad faith. 

The starting place to discuss a '''questionable''' (but not clearly inappropriate) username is on the user's talk page, explaining the problem and suggesting that they change their username. Remember that users may not be native speakers of English, and may be unaware of causing offense. If that doesn't resolve the issue, then report the name at [[Wikipedia:Requests for comment/Usernames]], and notify the user that you are doing so. In this process, other users comment on the appropriateness of the name. If after discussion, consensus is that the name is inappropriate, an administrator can block the account. For such blocks, the option to "disable account creation" should '''not''' be used, allowing the user to pick another name.

===Changing your username===
Usernames can be changed by [[Wikipedia:Bureaucrats|bureaucrats]]. You can request a name change at [[Wikipedia:Changing username]]. If you have few edits, it may be easier and quicker to simply register a new account with a different name.

Any talk pages that you have signed will still display your former username. If you feel strongly about your name no longer being on visible pages on the site, you can edit these pages to remove your signature.  (Your old signature will still appear in diffs and in earlier versions of the pages.)

==Deleting your account==
Accounts with contributions cannot be deleted since this would allow another user to create the account, and claim authorship of those edits. It is not possible for your edits to be removed entirely; for this reason, removing the account would potentially violate [[GNU Free Documentation License|copyrights]] by allowing for such authorship claims.

However, you may request your user and talk page to be deleted, as explained at [[Wikipedia:User page]].

==Sharing accounts==
For reasons of attribution and accountability, you are not allowed to share your account or password with others. If you do, and this becomes known, your account will be blocked.

==Using multiple accounts==
{{seealso|Wikipedia:Sock puppetry}}
It is recommended that users not edit under multiple usernames, except with good reason. For example, prominent users might create a new account in order to experience how the community functions for new users, or users editing under their real name may want an alternate pseudonymous account for editing articles they would not want their real name associated with. Also, users running a [[Wikipedia:Bot policy|bot]] are expected to run this under an alternative account. If you use multiple accounts, it is recommended that you explain this on your user page. Templates such as {{tlp|User Alternate Acct|''main account''}} and {{tl|User Alt Acct Master}} can be used for this purpose.

Policies apply per person, not per account. Using a second account for policy violations will cause any penalties to be applied to both accounts. Users who are [[Wikipedia:Banning policy|banned]] or blocked from editing may not use sock puppets to circumvent this. Evading a block or ban causes the timer on the block to restart, and may further lengthen it.

===Sockpuppetry===
You are not allowed to create multiple accounts in order to make your opinion seem more prevalent than it actually is. This is known as [[Sockpuppet (Internet)|sockpuppetry]]. Examples of such policy violations include attempting to vote twice in a poll, agreeing with your other account in a deletion discussion, and engaging in revert wars using multiple accounts.

In rare cases, users with a particular point of view have created sockpuppets to act as if they held the opposite point of view. Generally such sockpuppets behave badly in order to make "their" POV look bad, or make [[straw man]] arguments that the puppeteer can easily refute with his main account. These are known as "straw man sockpuppets" and are likewise prohibited.

====Dealing with violations====
Sock puppet accounts operating in violation of this policy should be blocked indefinitely; the main account may be blocked at the discretion of any administrator. Non-administrators may list the accounts at [[Wikipedia:Suspected sock puppets]] or [[Wikipedia:Administrator intervention against vandalism]]. Difficult cases where the nature and extent of sockpuppetry is unclear and where there is an ongoing problem may be listed at [[Wikipedia:Requests for checkuser]] for investigation.

====Single-purpose accounts====
A single-purpose account is an account that only does one particular thing on Wikipedia, or only exists to push a single opinion (as opposed to regular editors, that tend to edit and discuss in a variety of areas). Such accounts are not forbidden, and indeed may be novice editors who will grow interested in other topics over time. Still, a single-purpose account may be a red flag for sockpuppetry. Experienced users are expected to [[WP:FAITH|assume good faith]] and [[WP:BITE|be nice]] to these.

====Checkuser====
Where it is unclear whether or not sock puppetry is in progress, server log information can be consulted. To comply with Wikimedia Foundation privacy policy, this is [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2005-10-24/Checkuser_controversy|limited]] to a [[Special:Listusers/checkuser|handful of users]] and only done in serious cases, with reasonable cause, to check if user A is the same as user B based upon some evidence. "Fishing" &ndash; or general trawling of users in a debate for possible sockpuppets &ndash; is not supported and requests for such checks are unlikely to be agreed to. Requests may be made at [[Wikipedia:Requests for checkuser|Request for CheckUser]].

====Tagging identified sock puppets====

If an account has been shown to be a sock puppet used for policy violations, then it may be identified as such, by adding {{tl|SockpuppetProven}} to the user page and {{tl|sockblock}} to the talk page of the sock puppet account. There are four tags available, one for violations confirmed by [[m:CheckUser Policy|Checkuser]], another for other forms of confirmed sockpuppet use, a third for suspected violations, and the fourth is the suspected [[IP address]]es:

* {{[[{{ns:Template}}:SockpuppetCheckuser|SockpuppetCheckuser]]&#124;Username&#124;Optional name of CheckUser case (what is after <code>Wikipedia:Requests for checkuser/Case/</code>)}}
* {{[[{{ns:Template}}:SockpuppetProven|SockpuppetProven]]&#124;<nowiki>1=Username|evidence=[[EvidenceLink]]</nowiki>}}.  "EvidenceLink" can be replaced with something such as "<font color="blue"><nowiki>[[Wikipedia:Suspected sock puppets/Username]]</nowiki></font>":
* {{[[{{ns:Template}}:Sockpuppet|Sockpuppet]]&#124;<nowiki>1=Username|evidence=[[EvidenceLink]]</nowiki>}}
* {{[[{{ns:Template}}:IPsock|IPsock]]&#124;<nowiki>1=Username|evidence=[[EvidenceLink]]</nowiki>}}

The original or best-known account of a user that operates sock puppets may be tagged with '''{{tl|Sockpuppeteer}}'''. Note that this tag is intended for abusive sock puppets and should not be used on the pages of people whose legitimate multiple accounts have not been blocked.

===Meatpuppets===
Sometimes, multiple individuals create new accounts specifically to participate in, or influence, a particular discussion. This is common in [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion|deletion discussions]] or [[Wikipedia:Guidelines for controversial articles|controversial articles]]. These may be friends of another editor or article subject, or may have been solicited by someone to support a specific angle in a debate. This practice of external solicitation is considered unacceptable.

Such accounts are known as "meatpuppets". Since they are hard to distinguish from sockpuppets, they are treated similarly. When there is uncertainty whether a party is one user with sockpuppets, or several users acting as meatpuppets, they may be treated as one individual.

===Doppelganger accounts===
It is acceptable to pre-emptively create another account with a username similar to one's own, with the purpose of preventing impersonation by vandals. Such accounts are called doppelganger accounts.  They should be marked with the {{tl|doppelganger}} or {{tl|doppelganger-other}} tag, or simply redirected to one's own userpage.  Such accounts should not be used for editing.

==See also==
* [[Wikipedia:Changing usernames]]
* [[Wikipedia:Bureaucrat]]
* [[Internet sock puppet]]
* [[Help:Logging in]]
* [[Wikipedia:Requests for comment/User names]]
* [[Wikipedia:User page]]

[[Category:Wikipedia sock puppetry]]
[[Category:Wikipedia user conduct]]

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