View source for User:Derekbu

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User page for Derek Buckmaster.
I'm interested in sailing, trimarans and aviation history.

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{{Wikipedia:WikiProject Aviation/Outreach/User WPAVIATION Aircraft WikiProject}}

==Sandbox for test of Wirraway citations==

Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (1940). ''Wirraway Overhaul and Repair Manual. RAAF Publication No. 76''. Melbourne, Australia.

Royal Australian Air Force (1945). ''Pilot's Notes for Wirraway (C.A.C. Wasp Radial Engine). RAAF Publication No. 109''. Melbourne. RAAF Printing Unit No 398/8/45

==Sandbox for test of NLA Trove citation==

Here is the citation cut & paste from Trove:

{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article47715584 |title=VERSATILE WIRRAWAY. |newspaper=[[Army News |Army News (Darwin, NT : 1941 - 1946)]] |location=Darwin, NT |date=21 April 1945 |accessdate=13 November 2011 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}

In this sentence it is used as an inline<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article47715584 |title=VERSATILE WIRRAWAY. |newspaper=[[Army News |Army News (Darwin, NT : 1941 - 1946)]] |location=Darwin, NT |date=21 April 1945 |accessdate=13 November 2011 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> citation.

==Sandbox for Wackett Warrigal article==

<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
The '''Warrigal I and II''' aircraft were designed by Squadron Leader [[Lawrence Wackett|Lawrence James Wackett]] and built by the Experimental Section of the [[RAAF|Royal Australian Air Force]] at Randwick, NSW during the late 1920's. They were both single-engined two-seat biplanes of mixed wood and metal construction. The Warrigal I was the first aircraft designed and built in Australia to an official RAAF specification<ref>Meggs 2009, p297</ref>.
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
 | name=RAAF Experimental Section Warrigal
 | image=Image:RAAF_Experimental_Station_Warrigal_II_aircraft.svg
 | caption=Side profile of the Warrigal II aircraft
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
 | type=Training aircraft
 | national origin=Australia
 | manufacturer=[[RAAF|Royal Australian Air Force]] Experimental Section
 | designer=[[Lawrence Wackett]]
 | first flight=4 December 1928 (Warrigal I)<br/>7 July 1930 (Warrigal II)
 | introduced=
 | retired=
 | status=
 | primary user=RAAF
 | more users= <!--Limited to three in total; separate using <br /> -->
 | produced= <!--years in production-->
 | number built=2
 | program cost= <!--Total program cost-->
 | unit cost= <!--Incremental or flyaway cost for military or retail price for commercial aircraft-->
 | developed from= 
 | variants with their own articles=
}}
|}

==Development==
The Warrigal (an [[Indigenous Australians|Aboriginal]] word meaning "wild" or "untamed") I aircraft was designed to meet Air Board specification AC34 for an advanced training aircraft suitable to replace the ageing RAAF [[Avro_504|Avro 504K]] fleet. The aircraft was not only required to carry out flight training, but also training in aerial combat, bombing, wireless communication, aerial photography and observation. A mock-up was completed in February 1926 and construction was commenced shortly after. Wackett expected that construction would take around 6 months. However work on the [[Wackett Widgeon|Widgeon II]] and spare parts for RAAF No. 1 Air Depot delayed completion until mid-September in 1928. A further two-month delay ensued when it was discovered that the centre of gravity was not as designed and several items of equipment needed to be relocated to obtain the correct balance.<ref>Meggs 2009, p295</ref> 
Wackett made the first flight in the Warrigal I on 4 December 1928 at RAAF Richmond.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16514578 |title=THE "WARRIGAL" - SUCCESSFUL TESTS". |newspaper=[[Sydney_morning_herald|The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954)]] |location=NSW |date=5 December 1928 |accessdate=18 November 2011 |page=15 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
A series of extensive trials covering all the intended roles was carried out by [[No. 1 Flying Training School RAAF|No. 1 Flying Training School]]. These showed that performance was lower than the designer's predicted figures, and while it met many of the requirements in specification AC34 the Warrigal I had handling problems which made it unsuitable for use as a trainer. Wackett was dismissive of the final report on the trials, claiming that the results were qualitative only, lacking a "recognised or rational system of observation or measurement". He claimed that the improved Warrigal II design would resolve issues raised in the report.<ref>Meggs 2009, p297</ref>
The Warrigal II was designed to meet an RAAF specification for an Army co-operation aircraft to replace the aging fleet of [[DH9|DH.9]] aircraft<ref>Coulthard-Clark 1991, p267</ref>, and was equipped with a more powerful (and heavier) {{convert|450|hp|abbr=on}} [[Armstrong_Siddeley_Jaguar|Jaguar]] engine which resulted in a shorter nose to keep the centre of gravity in the correct range. Drawings for the Warrigal II were submitted to the Air Board in August 1929 with the explanation that all defects found in the first aircraft had been rectified and that construction was well under way. This led to questions by the Auditor-General since there was no written authority for the RAAF Experimental Section to commence construction of a second aircraft. However the situation was rectified with the correct authorisation coming from the Minister for Defence in January 1930<ref>Coulthard-Clark 1991, p269</ref> by which time the aircraft was almost complete. The closure of the RAAF Experimental Section at Randwick which had been recommended by the Salmond Report<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16499793 |title=AIR FORCE UNFIT FOR WAR. Sir John Salmond's Report. |newspaper=[[Sydney_morning_herald|The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954)]] |location=NSW |date=8 October 1928 |accessdate=18 November 2011 |page=11 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> was delayed until 30 March 1930 so the aircraft could be completed. The Warrigal II was moved to RAAF Richmond in April 1930 for final assembly and rigging. The first flight was delayed by the requirement to re-check the design stressing calculations following the [[Wackett_Widgeon#Accidents|crash]] of the Widgeon II seaplane which had also been designed by Wackett. The checks were carried out by the Director of Technical Services, Squadron Leader H.C. Harrison and were found to be satisfactory. The first flight of the Warrigal II was carried out by Flying Officer R.H. Simms on 7 July 1930. Shortly after this it suffered a hard landing at Mascot airport<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article21576065 |title=ENGINE STALLS - FORCED LANDING AT MASCOT. |newspaper=[[Courier-Mail|The Brisbane Courier (Qld. : 1864 - 1933)]] |location=Qld. |date=30 July 1930 |accessdate=18 November 2011 |page=14 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> and required repairs to the undercarriage and wings.

==Operational history==
The Warrigal I was delivered to RAAF base Point Cook on 29 January 1929 after a seven hour cross-country flight with stops at Golburn and Cootamundra. On 31 January the aircraft was christened by Mrs. Ettie Williams, the wife of the Chief of Air Staff [[Richard Williams (RAAF officer)|Richard Williams]] and handed over to the Commonwealth Air Board for a series of performance, handling and operational tests.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3983385 |title=AUSTRALIAN-BUILT AEROPLANE HANDED OVER. |newspaper=[[The_Argus_(Australia)|The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1956)]] |location=Melbourne, Vic. |date=1 February 1929 |accessdate=18 November 2011 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> The Warrigal II was delivered to No. 1 FTS on 12 September 1930

==Variants==
*Warrigal I – original {{convert|200|hp|abbr=on}} version designed as an advanced training aircraft with capacity for pilot and instructor (one produced)
*Warrigal II – improved {{convert|450|hp|abbr=on}} version designed as an army co-operation aircraft with capacity for pilot and observer/rear gunner (one produced)

==Operators==
;{{AUS}}
*Commonwealth Air Board
*[[RAAF|Royal Australian Air Force]]
==Specifications (Warrigal I) ==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Meggs 2009
|prime units?=imp
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|genhide=

|crew=1
|capacity=1
|length m=
|length ft=25
|length in=9
|length note=
|span m=
|span ft=
|span in=
|span note=
|upper span m=
|upper span ft=36
|upper span in=6.75
|upper span note=
|mid span m=
|mid span ft=
|mid span in=
|mid span note=
|lower span m=
|lower span ft=
|lower span in=
|lower span note=
|swept m=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept in=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept note=
|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->
|dia note=
|width m=<!-- if applicable -->
|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->
|width in=<!-- if applicable -->
|width note=
|height m=
|height ft=9
|height in=11.5
|height note=to tip of propeller
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=377
|wing area note=
|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings -->
|swept area note=
|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|volume note=
|aspect ratio=<!-- give where relevant eg sailplanes  -->
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=2148
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight lb=3429
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity=40 gallons
|lift kg=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift lb=<!-- lighter-than-air -->
|lift note=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Armstrong Siddeley
|eng1 type=[[Armstrong_Siddeley_Lynx|Lynx]] seven cylinder radial air-cooled engine
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=200 <!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng1 note=
|power original=
|thrust original=
|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng2 number=
|eng2 name=
|eng2 type=
|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng2 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng2 note=
|eng2 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng2 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|eng3 number=
|eng3 name=
|eng3 type=
|eng3 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 hp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng3 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng3 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->
|eng3 note=
|eng3 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|eng3 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->
|more power=

|prop blade number=2 <!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop name=wooden
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=8 <!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia in=4 <!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop note=

|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters -->
|rot area note=
<!--
        Performance
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=
|max speed mph=97
|max speed kts=
|max speed note=at sea level
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed mph=
|cruise speed kts=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=<!-- aerobatic -->
|stall speed mph=<!-- aerobatic -->
|stall speed kts=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|minimum control speed kmh=
|minimum control speed mph=
|minimum control speed kts=
|minimum control speed note=
|range km=
|range miles=
|range nmi=
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=3 hours<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft=7000
|ceiling note=
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate note=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|disk loading kg/m2=
|disk loading lb/sqft=
|disk loading note=

|power/mass=
|thrust/weight=

|more performance=
<!-- 
        Armament
-->
|guns=One fixed Vickers 0.303" machine gun firing through the propeller arc with a magazine for 600 rounds. Provision for one Scarff-ring mounted Lewis 0.303" machine gun in the rear cockpit, with 2 spare magazines (97 rounds each) in the top decking of the rear fuselage.
|bombs=Provision for four 20-pound bombs or one 112-pound bomb for training purposes. A prone bomb sighting position was included in the rear cockpit.
|rockets= 
|missiles= 

|hardpoints=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=

|other armament= 

|avionics=
}}

<!-- ==See also== -->
{{aircontent
<!-- include as many lines are appropriate. additional lines/entries with carriage return. -->
|see also=
|related=<!-- related developments -->
|similar aircraft=<!-- similar or comparable aircraft -->
|lists=<!-- related lists -->
}}

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
<!-- insert the reference sources here -->
{{Cite book|last=Coulthard-Clark| first=Christopher|year=1991| title=The Third Brother: The Royal Australian Air Force 1921&ndash;39| location=North Sydney| publisher=[[Allen & Unwin]]|url=http://airpower.airforce.gov.au/Publications/List/38/Historical-Titles.aspx?page=2|isbn=0-04-442307-1}}

{{Cite book|last=Meggs| first=Keith|year=2009| title=Australian-built Aircraft and the Industry Volume 1| location=Seymour| publisher=Finger-Four Publishing|url=|isbn=9781920892777}}
<!-- ==Further reading== -->

==External links==
*[http://cas.awm.gov.au/photograph/P00484.008 Photo of Warrigal I from the collection of the [[Australian War Memorial]]]
*[http://airpower.airforce.gov.au/HistoryRecord/HistoryRecordDetail.aspx?rid=581 Photo of the Warrigal I being christened by Mrs. Ettie Williams at Point Cook on 31 Janurary 1929.]
*[http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/album/ItemViewer.aspx?itemid=823761&suppress=N&imgindex=79 Photo of Warrigal II following a hard landing at Mascot aiport on 29 July 1930, from the Hood Collection at the NSW State Library. The caption incorrectly identifies the aircraft as a Percival Warragull.]
*[http://thedecadetheaircraftwenttowar.devhub.com/blog/600000-moth-eaton-from-trench-to-sky/ Account of [[Charles Eaton (RAAF officer)|Charles Eaton]] suffering a near-miss in the Warrigal II at Point Cook]

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