View source for Kuala Lumpur

{{Infobox settlement
|official_name                = Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur<br />
------
<small>Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur<br />
<small>ولايه ڤرسكوتوان كوالا لومڤور<br />
吉隆坡联邦直辖区<br />
கோலாலம்பூர்</small>
|settlement_type              = City
|nickname                     = KL, Garden City of Lights
|motto                        = Maju dan Makmur <br>({{lang-en|Progress and Prosper}})
|image_skyline                = KL Composite2.jpg|imagesize                    = 275px
|image_caption                = Clockwise from top left: [[Petronas Twin Towers]], [[Petaling Street]], Masjid Jamek and [[Gombak River|Gombak]]/[[Klang River|Klang]] river confluence, [[National Monument (Malaysia)|National Monument]], [[National Mosque of Malaysia|National Mosque]], skyline of KL. Centre: [[KL Tower]]
|image_flag                   = Flag of Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.svg |300px
|image_seal                   = Emblem Kuala Lumpur.png
|image_map                    = 
|pushpin_map                  = Malaysia peninsula
|pushpin_label_position       = right
|pushpin_label                = Kuala Lumpur
|pushpin_map_caption           = Location in [[Peninsular Malaysia]]
|pushpin_map1                  = Malaysia
|pushpin_label_position1       = right
|pushpin_label1               = Kuala Lumpur
|pushpin_map_caption1         = Location in [[Malaysia]]
|coordinates_region           = MY
|subdivision_type             = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
|subdivision_type1            = [[States of Malaysia|State]]
|subdivision_name             = [[Malaysia]]
|subdivision_name1            = [[Federal Territory (Malaysia)|Federal Territory]]
|established_title            = Establishment
|established_date             = 1857
|established_title2           = Granted city status
|established_date2            = 1 February 1972
|established_title3           = Granted [[Federal Territory (Malaysia)|Federal Territory]]
|established_date3            = 1 February 1974
|leader_title                 = [[Mayor]] (''Datuk Bandar'')
|leader_name                  = Ahmad Phesal Talib<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dbkl.gov.my/v6/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=119&Itemid=22&lang=en |title=Mayor's Welcome Message |publisher=Kuala Lumpur City Hall |accessdate=2011-01-25}} {{Dead link|date=April 2012|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/12/12/nation/20081212190323&sec=nation|title=Ahmad Fuad is new mayor of KL|author=M, Bavani|publisher=The Star Online|accessdate=2010-03-27}}</ref><br>From 18 July 2012
|area_footnotes               = <ref name="Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010"/>
|area_magnitude               = 1 E8
|area_total_sq_mi             = 
|area_total_km2               = 243
|area_metro_km2               = 2,243.27
|population_as_of             = 2010
|population_footnotes         = <ref name="statistics.gov.my"/>
|population_total             = 1,627,172 ([[List of urban areas in Malaysia by population|1st]])
|population_metro             = 5,700,000<ref>{{cite web|author=Ministry Of Federal Territories And Urban Wellbeing|title=Overview of Greater Kuala Lumpur|url=http://app.kwpkb.gov.my/greaterklkv/overview/}}</ref>
|population_density_sq_mi     = 17,310
|population_density_km2       = 6,891
|population_density_metro_km2 = 251.9
|population_blank1_title      = [[Demonym]]
|population_blank1            = [[KLites|KL-ite]] / Kuala Lumpurian
|demographics_type1           = [[Human Development Index]]
|demographics1_footnotes      = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
|demographics1_title1         = HDI (2010)
|demographics1_info1          = 0.795&nbsp;(<span style="color:#090;">very high</span>) ([[States and federal territories of Malaysia|2nd]])
|timezone                     = [[Malaysian Standard Time|MST]]
|utc_offset                   = +8
|timezone_DST                 = Not observed
|utc_offset_DST               = +8
|blank_name                   = [[Mean solar time]]
|blank_info                   = UTC + 06:46:48
|elevation_m                  = 21.95
|elevation_ft                 = 72
|latd                         = 3
|latm                         = 8
|lats                         = 51
|latNS                        = N
|longd                        = 101
|longm                        = 41
|longs                        = 36
|longEW                       = E
|postal_code_type             = [[List of postal codes in Malaysia|Postal code]]
|postal_code                  = 5xxxx
|blank1_name                  = [[Telephone numbers in Malaysia|National calling code]] <!-- refer to Warsaw -->
|blank1_info                  = 03
|blank2_name                  = [[Malaysian vehicle license plates|License plate prefix]]
|blank2_info                  = W <small> (for all vehicles except taxis) </small> <br /> HW <small> (for taxis only) </small>
|blank3_name                  = [[ISO 3166-2]]
|blank3_info                  = MY-14
|website                      = {{URL|http://www.dbkl.gov.my/}}
}}
'''Kuala Lumpur''' ({{IPA-may|ˈkwalə ˈlumpʊ|ms}}) is the federal capital and most populous city in [[Malaysia]].<ref name="world-gazetteer.com">{{cite web|title=Malaysia: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population|url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=gamelan&geo=-152&srt=pnan&col=dhoq&msz=1500}}</ref> The city covers an area of {{convert|243|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} and has an estimated population of 1.6 million as of 2012.<ref name="world-gazetteer.com"/> [[Greater Kuala Lumpur]], also known as the [[Klang Valley]], is an urban agglomeration of 5.7 million as of 2010.<ref>{{cite web|author=Ministry Of Federal Territories And Urban Wellbeing|title=Overview of Greater Kuala Lumpur|url=http://app.kwpkb.gov.my/greaterklkv/overview/}}</ref> It is among the fastest growing metropolitan regions in the country, in terms of population and economy.

Kuala Lumpur is the seat of the [[Parliament of Malaysia]]. The city was once home to the executive and judicial branches of the federal government, but they were moved to [[Putrajaya]] in early 1999.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Government of Malaysia|title=Putrajaya – Administrative Capital of Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-11|url=http://www.gov.my/MyGov/BI/Directory/Government/AboutMsianGov/PutrajayaFederalAdminCapital/ |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071021194523/http://www.gov.my/MyGov/BI/Directory/Government/AboutMsianGov/PutrajayaFederalAdminCapital/ |archivedate = October 21, 2007}}</ref> Some sections of the judiciary still remains in the capital city of Kuala Lumpur. The official residence of the [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong|Malaysian King]], the [[Istana Negara, Kuala Lumpur|Istana Negara]], is also situated in Kuala Lumpur. Rated as an [[global city|alpha world city]], Kuala Lumpur is the cultural, financial and economic centre of Malaysia due to its position as the capital as well as being a key city. Kuala Lumpur was ranked 48th among global cities by [[Foreign Policy]]'s 2010 [[Global city#Global Cities Index|Global Cities Index]]<ref name="Kearney, Inc">{{cite web |url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/node/373401 |title=The 2010 Global Cities Index |publisher=Foreign Policy |first=A.T. |last=Kearney, Inc.}}</ref> and was ranked 67th among global cities for economic and social innovation by the 2thinknow Innovation Cities Index in 2010.<ref name=" Print!  Email! Author: 2thinknow">{{cite web|author=&nbsp;Print! &nbsp;Email! Author: 2thinknow |url=http://www.innovation-cities.com/innovation-cities-top-100-index-top-cities/ |title=Innovation Cities™ Top 100 Index &#124; 2010 &#124; Innovation Cities Program – Analyst Reports, Index Rankings, Benchmarking Data, Workshops |publisher=Innovation-cities.com |date=1 September 2010 |accessdate=14 January 2012}}</ref>

Kuala Lumpur is defined within the borders of the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and is one of three [[Federal Territory (Malaysia)|Malaysian Federal Territories]].<ref name="Ibrahim, 2007">Jeong Chun Hai @Ibrahim, & Nor Fadzlina Nawi. (2007). ''Principles of Public Administration: An Introduction.'' Kuala Lumpur: Karisma Publications. ISBN 978-983-195-253-5</ref> It is an enclave within the state of [[Selangor]], on the central west coast of [[Peninsular Malaysia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statoids.com/umy.html|title=Territorial extent|work=States of Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-11|publisher=statoids.com}}</ref>

Since the 1990s, the city has played host to many international sporting, political and cultural events including the [[1998 Commonwealth Games]] and the [[Formula One]] Grand Prix. In addition, Kuala Lumpur is home to one of the tallest twin buildings in the world, the [[Petronas Twin Towers]], which have become an iconic symbol of Malaysia's futuristic development.

==History==
{{Main|History of Kuala Lumpur}}
[[Image:Masjid Jamek confluence.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[Jamek Mosque]] at the confluence of [[Sungai Gombak|Gombak]] and [[Klang River|Klang]] rivers.]]
Kuala Lumpur has its origins in the 1850s, when the Malay Chief of [[Klang, Malaysia|Klang]], [[Raja Abdullah bin Raja Jaafar|Raja Abdullah]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Kuala Lumpur History|url=http://all.talkmalaysia.com/kuala-lumpur/kuala-lumpur-history/|publisher=All Malaysia|accessdate=2009-09-15}}</ref> hired some Chinese labourers to open new and larger [[tin]] mines for tin prospectors.<ref name="virtual" /> The miners landed at the confluence of [[Sungai Gombak]] (previously known as Sungai Lumpur, meaning "muddy river") and Sungai Klang ([[Klang River]]) to open mines at Ampang, Pudu and Batu. These mines developed into a trading post which became a [[frontier]] town.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://yapahloy.tripod.com/yap_ah_loy%27s_administration.htm |title=Yap Ah Loy's Administration |publisher=Yapahloy.tripod.com |date=2000-09-12 |accessdate=2011-10-05}}</ref>

The tin prospectors settled in Ampang,<ref name="virtual" /> and formed gangs within themselves.<ref name="kiat">{{cite web|url=http://kiat.net/malaysia/KL/history.html|title=From tin town to tower city|publisher=kiat.net|accessdate=2010-09-28}}</ref> The two largest Chinese gangsters, the Hakka-dominated [[Hai San Secret Society|Hai San]] and the Hokkien-dominated [[Ghee Hin Kongsi|Ghee Hin]], frequently engaged in warfare to gain control of tin production in the town.<ref name="kiat" /> The incessant warfare between the two factions brought tin mine production to a standstill, prompting the British, who ruled Selangor as one of the [[Federated Malay States]] at the time, to appoint a [[Kapitan Cina|Chinese Kapitan]] (headman) to administer Kuala Lumpur.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kuala-lumpur.ws/klhistory.htm|title=Kuala Lumpur History|publisher=Kuala-Lumpur.ws|accessdate=2010-09-28}}</ref> [[Hiu Siew]], the owner of a mine in [[Lukut]], was elected as the first Kapitan. As one of the first traders to arrive in Ampang (along with [[Yap Ah Sze]]), he sold provisions to the miners in exchange for tin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://yapahloy.tripod.com/the_first_traders_in_kl.htm|title=The First Traders in KL|publisher=Yap Ah Loy.tripod|accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref>

During the early times, Kuala Lumpur had many problems, including the [[Selangor Civil War]]; it was also plagued by diseases and constant fires and floods.<ref name="virtual" /> Around the 1870s, the third Chinese Kapitan of Kuala Lumpur, [[Yap Ah Loy]], emerged as leader, and became responsible for the survival and subsequent systematic growth of this town. He began to develop Kuala Lumpur from a small, obscure settlement into a booming mining town.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sejarah Malaysia|url=http://sejarahmalaysia.pnm.my/portalBI/detail.php?section=sm02&spesifik_id=15&ttl_id=3|publisher=Sejarah Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-15}}</ref> In 1880, the state capital of Selangor was moved from Klang to the more strategically advantageous Kuala Lumpur.<ref name="Britannica">{{cite web|title=Kuala Lumpur|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9046321/Kuala-Lumpur|work=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=2007-12-06}}</ref>

===Redevelopment of Modern Kuala Lumpur===
{{further|Chinese Kapitan|Yap Ah Loy}}
[[File:Yap Ah Loy.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Kapitan'' [[Yap Ah Loy]], founder of modern Kuala Lumpur]]
In 1881, a flood swept through the town, following a fire that had engulfed it earlier. These successive problems destroyed the town's structures of wood and ''atap'' ([[thatching]]). As a response, [[Frank Swettenham]], the British Resident of Selangor, required that buildings be constructed of brick and tile.<ref name="Britannica"/> Hence, [[Kapitan Cina|Kapitan]] [[Yap Ah Loy]] bought a sprawling piece of real estate for the setting up of a brick industry which would spur the rebuilding of Kuala Lumpur. This place is the [[eponymous]] [[Brickfields]]. Hence, destroyed ''atap'' buildings were replaced with brick and tiled ones. He restructured the building layout of the city. Many of the new brick buildings mirrored those of shop houses in southern China, characterised by "[[five foot way]]s" as well as skilled Chinese carpentry work. This resulted in a distinct eclectic [[shop house]] architecture typical to this region. A railway line increased accessibility into the growing town. Development intensified in the 1890s, leading to the creation of a Sanitary Board. Kapitan Yap Ah Loy spent a sum of $20,000 to expand road access in the city significantly, linking up tin mines with the city, these roads include the main arterial roads of [[Jalan Ampang|Ampang Road]], [[Jalan Pudu|Pudu Road]] and [[Petaling Street]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2011}}

As ''Chinese Kapitan'', he was vested with wide powers on par with Malay community leaders. He implemented law reforms and introduced new legal measures. He would also preside over a [[small claims court]]. With a police force amounting only 6, he was able to uphold to rule of law. He built a prison which could accommodate 60 prisoners at any time. Kapitan Yap Ah Loy also built Kuala Lumpur's first school and a major tapioca mill in [[Petaling Street]] of which the Selangor's [[Sultan Abdul Samad]] had an interest.{{Citation needed|date=October 2011}}

In 1896, Kuala Lumpur was chosen as the capital of the newly formed [[Federated Malay States]].<ref>{{cite web|work=Nation History|publisher=National Library of Malaysia|title=The Federated Malay States (1896)|url=http://sejarahmalaysia.pnm.my/portalBI/detail.php?section=sm01&spesifik_id=437&ttl_id=60|accessdate=2007-12-06}}</ref> A mixture of different communities settled in various sections of Kuala Lumpur. The Chinese mainly settled around the commercial centre of Market Square, east of the Klang River, and towards Chinatown. The Malays, Indian Chettiars, and Indian Muslims resided along Java Street (now Jalan Tun Perak). The Padang, now known as [[Dataran Merdeka|Merdeka Square]], was the centre of the British administrative offices.<ref name=virtual>{{cite web|publisher=Virtual Malaysia Magazine|accessdate=2007-12-18|title=Old-World Charm|url=http://magazine.virtualmalaysia.com/content.cfm/ID/17AD5478-79E7-4E6F-B76E41D642B3F579|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080101150055/http://magazine.virtualmalaysia.com/content.cfm/ID/17AD5478-79E7-4E6F-B76E41D642B3F579 <!--Added by H3llBot-->|archivedate=2008-01-01}}</ref>

===World War II===
[[Image:Japanese troops mopping up in Kuala Lumpur.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A scene during [[World War II]] on the streets of Kuala Lumpur. The scene depicts Japanese troops clearing up High Street (now [[List of roads in Kuala Lumpur|Jalan Tun H S Lee]]).]]
During [[World War II]], Kuala Lumpur was [[Battle of Kuala Lumpur|captured by the Imperial Japanese Army]] on January 11, 1942. They occupied the city until August 15, 1945, when the commander in chief of the [[Japanese Seventh Area Army]] in Singapore and Malaya, [[Seishirō Itagaki]], [[surrender of Japan|surrendered]] to the British administration following the [[atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://army.gov.au/news/armynews/special_elements/on_this_day/january.htm|publisher=The Australian Army|title=On This Day|accessdate=2007-12-17}}</ref> Kuala Lumpur grew through the war, the [[rubber]] and [[tin]] commodity crashes and the [[Malayan Emergency]], during which Malaya was preoccupied with the [[Communism|communist]] insurgency.<ref name="Britannica"/> In 1957, the Federation of Malaya gained its independence from British rule.<ref>{{cite news|title=1957: Malaya celebrates independence|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/31/newsid_3534000/3534340.stm|work=On This Day: 31 August|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2007-12-06 | date=1957-08-31}}</ref> Kuala Lumpur remained the capital through the [[Malaysia Day|formation of Malaysia]] on September 16, 1963.

===May 13, 1969 Race riots and beyond===
[[Image:Majestic Theatre Pudu Road.jpg|thumb|left|The Majestic Theatre on [[Pudu]] Road was an early pioneer in Kuala Lumpur's cinema scene]]
On 13 May 1969, the worst race riots on record in Malaysia took place in Kuala Lumpur.<ref name="iht" /> The so-called [[May 13 incident (Malaysia)|May 13 incident]] refers to the occurrence of violence between members of the [[Malaysian Malays|Malay]] and the [[Malaysian Chinese|Chinese]] communities, with the former apparently dissatisfied with their socio-political status at that time. The riots resulted in the deaths of 196 people,<ref name=iht>Official figure,{{Cite web |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/05/16/asia/AS-GEN-Malaysia-Race-Riot-Book.php |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071011030700/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/05/16/asia/AS-GEN-Malaysia-Race-Riot-Book.php |archivedate=11 October 2007 |title=New book on 1969 race riots in Malaysia may be banned, officials warn |accessdate=23 February 2013 |postscript=<!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}}}}</ref> and led to major changes in the country's economic policy to promote and prioritise Malay economic development over that of the other ethnicities.

Kuala Lumpur later achieved [[Cities of Malaysia|city status]] in 1972,<ref>{{cite web|title=Destinations: Kuala Lumpur|url=http://travel.tourism.gov.my/consumer/destinations/history.asp?state=kl|publisher=Tourism Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-16}}</ref> becoming the first settlement in Malaysia to be granted the status after independence. Later, on February 1, 1974, Kuala Lumpur became a [[Federal Territory (Malaysia)|Federal Territory]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Columbia University Press|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-KualaLum.html|title=Kuala Lumpur|work=Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2007|accessdate=2007-12-06}}</ref> Kuala Lumpur ceased to be the capital of [[Selangor]] in 1978 after the city of [[Shah Alam]] was declared the new state capital.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sejarah Shah Alam|language=Malay|url=http://www.mbsa.gov.my/mbsa/shah%20alam/sejarah.htm|publisher=Shah Alam City Council|accessdate=2007-12-14 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071026082733/http://www.mbsa.gov.my/mbsa/shah+alam/sejarah.htm |archivedate = October 26, 2007}}</ref> On 14 May 1990, Kuala Lumpur celebrated 100 years of local authority. The new federal territory [[Flag of Kuala Lumpur|Kuala Lumpur flag]] and anthem were introduced.

On February 1, 2001, [[Putrajaya]] was declared a Federal Territory, as well as the seat of the federal government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malaysianbar.org.my/content/view/7524/2/|title=PJC turns focus on maintenance issues|publisher=The Malaysian Bar|author=Geetha Krishnan|accessdate=2007-12-14}}</ref> The administrative and judicial functions of the government were shifted from Kuala Lumpur to Putrajaya. Kuala Lumpur however still retained its legislative function,<ref>{{cite web|title=Attractions|url=http://www.issti.gov.my/attractions.htm|publisher=Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation|accessdate=2007-12-11|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071030121747/http://www.issti.gov.my/attractions.htm <!--Added by H3llBot-->|archivedate=2007-10-30}}</ref> and remained the home of the [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]] (Constitutional King).<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Library of Malaysia|url=http://www.malaysianmonarchy.org.my/portal_bi/rk7/rk7.php|title=National Palace|accessdate=2007-12-11 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071204030649/http://www.malaysianmonarchy.org.my/portal_bi/rk7/rk7.php |archivedate = 4 December 2007}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{Main|Geography of Kuala Lumpur}}
[[File:Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Astronaut Imagery.JPG|thumb|A satellite view of Kuala Lumpur]]
The geography of Kuala Lumpur is characterized by a huge valley known as [[Klang Valley]]. The valley is bordered by the [[Titiwangsa Mountains]] in the east, several minor ranges in the north and the south and the [[Strait of Malacca]] in the west. Kuala Lumpur is a [[Malay language|Malay]] term which translates to "muddy confluence" as it is located at the [[confluence]] of the [[Klang River|Klang]] and [[Gombak River|Gombak]] rivers.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=Asiaweek|work=Asia's Best Cities 2000|title=Kuala Lumpur: Growing Pains|url=http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/asiacities/kualalumpur.html|accessdate=2007-12-04}}</ref>

Located in the centre of [[Selangor]] state, Kuala Lumpur was previously under the rule of Selangor State Government. In 1974, Kuala Lumpur was separated from Selangor to form the first [[Federal Territory (Malaysia)|Federal Territory]] governed directly by the Malaysian Federal Government. Its location on the west coast of [[Peninsular Malaysia]], which has wider flat land than the east coast, has contributed to its faster development relative to other cities in Malaysia.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} The municipality of the city covers an area of {{convert|243|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}},<ref name="Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 |title=Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010 |publisher=Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia |page=27 |accessdate=2011-01-24 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20101227065717/http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archivedate=2010-12-27}}</ref> with an average elevation of {{convert|21.95|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malaysiatravel.org.uk/tourist-attraction/kuala-lumpur/location.html|title=Kuala Lumpur Location|publisher=Malaysia Travel|accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref>

===Climate and weather===
Protected by the [[Titiwangsa Mountains]] in the east and Indonesia's [[Sumatra]] Island in the west, Kuala Lumpur has a [[tropical rainforest climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Af'') which is warm and sunny, along with abundant rainfall, especially during the [[Monsoon|northeast monsoon]] season from October to March. Temperatures tend to remain constant. Maximums hover between {{convert|31|and|33|C|F}} and have never exceeded {{convert|39.3|°C|°F|abbr=on}}, while minimums hover between {{convert|22|and|23.5|C|F}} and have never fallen below {{convert|14.4|°C|°F|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm|title=Extreme Temperatures Around the World|publisher=Maximiliano Herrera|accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.welcome-kl.com/kl-info/weather-in-kl/|title=Weather in KL|publisher=Welcome-KL|accessdate=2012-07-10}}</ref> Kuala Lumpur typically receives minimum {{convert|2600|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rain annually; June and July are relatively dry, but even then rainfall typically exceeds {{convert|127|mm|1}} per month.<ref name="WMO" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.healism.com/destinations/malaysia/climate_in_kuala_lumpur/|title=Climate in Kuala Lumpur|publisher=Healism.com|accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref>

Flooding is a frequent occurrence in Kuala Lumpur whenever there is a heavy downpour, especially in the city centre and downstream areas.<ref name='Kuala Lumpur Environment'>{{cite web|publisher=Kuala Lumpur City Hall|url=http://www.dbkl.gov.my/pskl2020/english/environment/index.htm|title=Kuala Lumpur Environment|accessdate=2007-12-12}}</ref> Dust particles from forest fires from nearby [[Sumatra]] sometimes cast a [[haze]] over the region. It is a major source of pollution in the city together with open burning, emission from motor vehicles and construction work.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hazardous haze shrouds Kuala Lumpur|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/8908221/|publisher=MSNBC|date=2005-08-11|accessdate=2007-12-13}}</ref>

{{Weather box|
|location = Subang Jaya (Approximation 8 km distance from Kuala Lumpur City Centre)
|metric first = y
|single line = y
|Jan record high C = 36
|Feb record high C = 37
|Mar record high C = 37
|Apr record high C = 36
|May record high C = 36
|Jun record high C = 36
|Jul record high C = 36
|Aug record high C = 36
|Sep record high C = 35
|Oct record high C = 35
|Nov record high C = 35
|Dec record high C = 35
|year record high C = 37
|Jan high C = 32.1
|Feb high C = 32.9
|Mar high C = 33.2
|Apr high C = 33.1
|May high C = 32.9
|Jun high C = 32.7
|Jul high C = 32.3
|Aug high C = 32.1
|Sep high C = 32.1
|Oct high C = 32.1
|Nov high C = 31.6
|Dec high C = 31.5
|year high C = 32.4
|Jan low C = 22.5
|Feb low C = 22.8
|Mar low C = 23.2
|Apr low C = 23.7
|May low C = 23.9
|Jun low C = 23.6
|Jul low C = 23.2
|Aug low C = 23.1
|Sep low C = 23.2
|Oct low C = 23.2
|Nov low C = 23.2
|Dec low C = 22.9
|year low C = 23.2
|Jan record low C = 18
|Feb record low C = 20
|Mar record low C = 20
|Apr record low C = 21
|May record low C = 21
|Jun record low C = 20
|Jul record low C = 19
|Aug record low C = 20
|Sep record low C = 20
|Oct record low C = 21
|Nov record low C = 21
|Dec record low C = 19
|year record low C = 18
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 169.5
|Feb rain mm = 165.4
|Mar rain mm = 240.9
|Apr rain mm = 259.2
|May rain mm = 204.4
|Jun rain mm = 125.3
|Jul rain mm = 127.2
|Aug rain mm = 155.7
|Sep rain mm = 192.8
|Oct rain mm = 253.1
|Nov rain mm = 287.8
|Dec rain mm = 245.7
|year rain mm = 2427.0
|Jan humidity = 79
|Feb humidity = 79
|Mar humidity = 78
|Apr humidity = 80
|May humidity = 82
|Jun humidity = 80
|Jul humidity = 79
|Aug humidity = 79
|Sep humidity = 80
|Oct humidity = 81
|Nov humidity = 82
|Dec humidity = 79
|year humidity = 80
|unit rain days = 1.0 mm
|Jan rain days = 11
|Feb rain days = 12
|Mar rain days = 14
|Apr rain days = 16
|May rain days = 13
|Jun rain days =  9
|Jul rain days = 10
|Aug rain days = 11
|Sep rain days = 13
|Oct rain days = 16
|Nov rain days = 18
|Dec rain days = 15
|year rain days = 158
|Jan sun = 186.0
|Feb sun = 194.9
|Mar sun = 207.7
|Apr sun = 198.0
|May sun = 207.7
|Jun sun = 195.0
|Jul sun = 201.5
|Aug sun = 189.1
|Sep sun = 165.0
|Oct sun = 170.5
|Nov sun = 153.0
|Dec sun = 161.2
|year sun = 2229.6
|source 1 = [[World Meteorological Organization]] (normals 1971-2000),<ref name= WMO >{{cite web 
| url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/020/c00082.htm
| title = World Weather Information Service - Kuala Lumpur
| publisher = World Meteorological Organization
| accessdate = January 13, 2013}}</ref> [[Hong Kong Observatory]] (sun only 1961-1990)<ref name= HKO >{{cite web 
| url = http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/asia/se_asia/kuala_lumpur_e.htm
| title = Climatological Information for Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| publisher = Hong Kong Observatory
| accessdate = January 13, 2013}}</ref>
|source 2 = BBC Weather (records)<ref name= weather1 >{{cite web 
| url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/1735161
| title = Average Conditions: Kuala Lumpur
| publisher = BBC
| accessdate = January 13, 2013}}</ref>
|date=February 2011}} </center>

==Governance==
[[Image:DBKL.JPG|upright|thumb|The [[Kuala Lumpur City Hall]]]]
Kuala Lumpur was administered by a [[corporation sole]] called the Federal Capital Commissioner from April 1, 1961, until it was awarded city status in 1972, after which executive power was transferred to the [[Lord Mayor]] (''Datuk Bandar'').<ref name="KWP">{{cite web|url=http://www.kwp.gov.my/cmsen/3rdLevel.asp?catid=7&parentid=268&contentid=269|title=Kuala Lumpur City Hall|publisher=Ministry of Federal Territories and Urban Wellbeing|accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref> Nine mayors have been appointed since then. The current mayor is [[Ahmad Phesal Talib]], who has been in office since July 18, 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dbkl.gov.my/v6/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=123&Itemid=29&lang=en|title=About KL City Hall – History|publisher=Kuala Lumpur City Hall|accessdate=2010-09-18|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20100831204248/http://www.dbkl.gov.my/v6/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=123&amp;Itemid=29&amp;lang=en <!--Added by H3llBot-->|archivedate=2010-08-31}}</ref>

===Local government===
The local administration is carried out by the [[Kuala Lumpur City Hall]], an agency under the [[Ministry of the Federal Territories (Malaysia)|Federal Territories Ministry of Malaysia]].<ref name="KWP" />  It is responsible for public health and sanitation, waste removal and management, town planning, environmental protection and building control, social and economic development, and general maintenance functions of urban infrastructure. Executive power lies with the mayor in the city hall, who is appointed for three years by the Federal Territories Minister. This system of appointing the mayor has been in place ever since the local government elections were suspended in 1970.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.citymayors.com/government/malaysia_government.html|title=Malaysia's towns and cities are governed by appointed mayors|year=2006|publisher=City Mayors|accessdate=2006-10-09}}</ref>

===Districts===
Kuala Lumpur's eleven districts serve as administrative subdivisions under the [[Kuala Lumpur City Hall]] authority. Two districts lie to the west is Segambut and Lembah Pantai, while (Kepong,Batu and Wangsa Maju) to the north, (Setiawangsa,Titiwangsa and Cheras) to east, Seputeh and Bandar Tun Razak for the south and Bukit Bintang in centralised Kuala Lumpur.

{|
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
||
# [[Segambut]]
# [[Lembah Pantai]]
# [[Kepong]]
# [[Batu, Kuala Lumpur|Batu]]
# [[Wangsa Maju]]
# [[Setiawangsa]]
||
<ol start="7">
<li>[[Titiwangsa]]
<li>[[Cheras, Kuala Lumpur|Cheras]]
<li>[[Seputeh]]
<li>[[Bandar Tun Razak]]
<li>[[Bukit Bintang]]
|}

===Politics===
Kuala Lumpur is home to the [[Malaysian Houses of Parliament|Parliament of Malaysia]]. The hierarchy of authority in Malaysia, in accordance with the Federal Constitution, has stipulated the three branches, of the Malaysian government as consisting of the Executive, Judiciary and Legislative branches. Whereas, the Parliament, which consists of the [[Dewan Negara]] (Upper House / House of Senate) and [[Dewan Rakyat]] (Lower House / House of Representatives).<ref name="Ibrahim, 2007"/>

The city of Kuala Lumpur is represented in the Lower House by eleven Members of Parliament (MPs),<ref name=parlimen-kl>{{cite web|url=http://www.parlimen.gov.my/eng-DewRakyat_AhliDewan_2.php|publisher=Parliament of Malaysia|title=House of Representatives|accessdate=2007-12-18 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071204181739/http://www.parlimen.gov.my/eng-DewRakyat_AhliDewan_2.php <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2007-12-04}}</ref> who are [[Elections in Malaysia|elected]] to five-year terms. The [[Malaysian general election, 2008|2008 General Elections]] witnessed the first time [[Opposition (Malaysia)|opposition]] parties gained majority in the Federal Territory's parliamentary constituencies. The [[Pakatan Rakyat|People's Coalition]] pact, comprising the [[Democratic Action Party|Democratic Action Party (DAP)]], [[People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|People's Justice Party (PKR)]], and [[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS)]], swept five seats, four seats and one seat respectively, whereas the ruling [[National Front (Malaysia)|National Front]] (''Barisan Nasional'') controls only one.

==Economy==
[[Image:Old Market Square, Kuala Lumpur.jpg|right|thumb|A street view of the Old Market Square (Medan Pasar)]]
[[Image:KL-CentralMarket pedmall.JPG|upright|thumb|A pedestrian mall by KL's central market]]

Kuala Lumpur and its surrounding urban areas form the most industrialized and economically, the fastest growing region in Malaysia.<ref name=metro>{{cite news|url=http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/8/13/business/18553100&sec=business|title=New growth corridors added|author=Ng, Angie|publisher=The Star Online|accessdate=2007-12-14}}</ref> Despite the relocation of federal government administration to [[Putrajaya]], certain government institutions such as [[Bank Negara Malaysia]] (''National Bank of Malaysia''), Companies Commission of Malaysia and Securities Commission as well as most embassies and diplomatic missions have remained in the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.embassiesabroad.com/embassies-in/Malaysia Embassies located in Malaysia|title=Foreign Embassies and Consulates Directory in Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-19|publisher=GoAbroad.com}}</ref>

The city remains as the economic and business centre of the country. Kuala Lumpur is a centre for finance, insurance, real estate, media and the arts of Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur is rated as an [[global city|alpha world city]], and is the only global city in Malaysia, according to the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html|title=The World According to GaWC 2008|work=Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC)|publisher=[[Loughborough University]]|accessdate=2009-05-16}}</ref> The infrastructure development in the surrounding areas such as the [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]] at [[Sepang]], the creation of the [[Multimedia Super Corridor]] and the expansion of [[Port Klang]] further reinforce the economic significance of the city.

[[Bursa Malaysia]] or the Malaysia Exchange is based in the city and forms one of its core economic activities. As of 20 November 2007, the market capitalisation stood at US$318.65 billion.<ref>{{cite web|title=Key Economic Indicators|url=http://www.epu.gov.my/New%20Folder/kei/Con2007.pdf|publisher=Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister's Department, Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-10|format=PDF |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080227142817/http://www.epu.gov.my/New+Folder/kei/Con2007.pdf |archivedate = February 27, 2008}}</ref>

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for Kuala Lumpur is estimated at RM73,536 million in 2008 with an average annual growth rate of 5.9 percent.<ref name=DSM>{{cite web|publisher=Department of Statistics Malaysia|url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=450%3Agross-domestic-product-gdp-by-state-2008-updated-17052010&catid=40%3Agross-domestic-product-by-state&Itemid=61&lang=en|title=Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State, 2008|accessdate=2010-09-15}} {{Dead link|date=April 2012|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Department of Statistics Malaysia|url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/images/stories/files/LatestReleases/gdp/Jadual1_2008.pdf|title=GDP by State and Kind of Economic Activity, 2008|accessdate=2010-09-15}}</ref> The per capita GDP for Kuala Lumpur in 2008 is RM48,556 with an average annual growth rate of 5.9 percent.<ref name="DSM" /><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Department of Statistics Malaysia|url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/images/stories/files/LatestReleases/gdp/Jadual2_2008.pdf|title=GDP Per Capita by State, Annual Percentage Growth and Percentage Share to Malaysia GDP, 2008|accessdate=2010-09-15}}</ref> The total employment in Kuala Lumpur is estimated at around 838,400.<ref name=KEB>{{cite web|publisher=Kuala Lumpur City Hall|url=http://www.dbkl.gov.my/pskl2020/english/economic_base_and_population/index.htm|title=Kuala Lumpur Economic Base|accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref> The service sector comprising finance, insurance, real estate, business services, wholesale and retail trade, restaurants and hotels, transport, storage and communication, utilities, personal services and government services form the largest component of employment representing about 83.0 percent of the total.<ref name="KEB"/> The remaining 17 percent comes from manufacturing and construction.

The average monthly household income for Kuala Lumpur was RM4,105 (USD 1,324) in 1999, up from RM3,371 (USD 1,087) four years prior, making it 66% higher than the national average.<ref name="DBKL 2">{{cite web|url=http://www.dbkl.gov.my/pskl2020/english/income_and_quality_of_life/index.htm|title=Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020: Introduction|publisher=Kuala Lumpur City Hall|accessdate=2010-10-11}}</ref> In terms of household income distribution, 23.5% of households in the city earned more than RM5,000 (USD 1,613) per month compared to 9.8% for the entire country, while 8.1% earned less than RM1,000 (USD 323) a month.<ref name="DBKL 2" />

[[Image:ColonialShoplots.jpg|left|thumb|Pre-war terraced houses refurbished into restaurants and bars along Tengkat Tong Shin in [[Bukit Bintang]]]]
The large service sector is evident in the number of local and foreign banks and insurance companies operating in the city. Kuala Lumpur is poised to become the global Islamic Financing hub<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2007/CAR0919A.htm|author=Sy, Amadou|accessdate=2007-12-12|date=2007-09-18|publisher=International Monetary Fund|work=Survey Magazine|title=Malaysia: An Islamic Capital Market Hub}}</ref> with an increasing number of financial institutions providing Islamic Financing and the strong presence of Gulf's financial institutions such as the world's largest Islamic bank, [[Al-Rajhi Bank]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.clickpress.com/releases/Detailed/9053005cp.shtml|title=World Largest Islamic Bank opens branch in Malaysia|publisher=ClickPress|date=2006-02-13|accessdate=2007-12-12}}</ref> and [[Kuwait Finance House]]. Apart from that, the [[Dow Jones & Company]] is keen to work with Bursa Malaysia to set up Islamic Exchange Trade Funds (ETFs), which would help raise Malaysia's profile in the Gulf.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/4/10/business/17319333&sec=business|title=Malaysia needs to look beyond being hub for Islamic finance|date=2007-04-10|author=Tam, Susan|publisher=The Star Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-12}}</ref> The city has a large number of foreign corporations and is also host to many multi national companies’ regional offices or support centres, particularly for finance and accounting, and information technology functions. Most of the countries’ largest companies have their headquarters based here and as of December 2007 and excluding [[Petronas]], there are 14 companies that are listed in [[Forbes 2000]] based in Kuala Lumpur.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/lists/2007/18/biz_07forbes2000_The-Global-2000-Malaysia_10Rank.html|title=The Global 2000 (Malaysia)|publisher=Forbes|accessdate=2010-09-15}}</ref>

Other important economic activities in the city are education and health services. Kuala Lumpur also has advantages stemming from the high concentration of educational institutions located within its boundaries, providing a wide range of courses. There are numerous public and private medical specialist centres and hospitals in the city which offer general health services and a wide range of specialist surgery and treatment catering to locals and tourists.

There has been growing emphasis to expand the economic scope of the city into other service activities such as research and development which supports the rest of the economy of Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur has been home for years to important research centres such as the Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia, the [[Forest Research Institute Malaysia]] and the Institute of Medical Research<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imr.gov.my/|title=Main page|publisher=Institute for Medical Research, Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-12}}</ref> and more research centres are expected to be established in the coming years.

==Tourism==
[[File:Mosque Jamek.jpg|thumb|left|Jamek Mosque built in 1907]]
[[Image:Petaling Street Gate.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Petaling Street]], Kuala Lumpur's bustling Chinatown]]

Tourism plays an important role in the city’s [[service sector|service-driven]] economy. Many large worldwide [[hotel chain]]s have a presence in the city. Kuala Lumpur is the [[Tourism#Most visited cities|sixth most visited city in the world]], with 8.9 million tourist per year.<ref>http://www.enjoyourholiday.com/2011/04/18/top-10-most-visited-cities-in-the-world/</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=10 January 2010|url=http://www.euromonitor.com/Euromonitor_Internationals_Top_City_Destination_Ranking|title=Trend Watch: Euromonitor International's Top City Destination Ranking|publisher=Euromonitor International|first=Caroline|last=Bremner|accessdate=2010-08-27}}</ref> Tourism here is driven by the city's cultural diversity, relatively low costs and wide [[gastronomic]] and shopping variety.  [[Meetings, incentives, conferencing, exhibitions|MICE]] tourism which mainly encompasses [[Convention (meeting)|conventions]]— has expanded in recent years to become a vital component of the industry, and is expected to grow further once the Malaysian government's [[Economic Transformation Programme]] kicks in, and with the completion of a new 93,000m2-size MATRADE Centre in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=KL’s grand makeover|url=http://www.ttgmice.com/article/kls-grand-makeover/|publisher=TTGmice|accessdate=20 December 2012}}</ref> Another notable trend is the increased presence of [[budget hotel]]s in the city.

The major tourist destinations in Kuala Lumpur include the [[Merdeka Square, Kuala Lumpur|Merdeka Square]], the [[Malaysian Houses of Parliament|House of Parliament]], the [[Petaling Street]], the [[Istana Negara, Kuala Lumpur|National Palace]] (''Istana Negara''), the [[Kuala Lumpur Tower]], the [[National Museum of Malaysia|National Museum]], the [[Central Market, Kuala Lumpur|Central Market]], the [[National Monument (Malaysia)|National Monument]],and religious sites such as the [[Jamek Mosque]] and [[Batu Caves]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Kuala Lumpur Travel|url=http://all.talkmalaysia.com/kuala-lumpur/kuala-lumpur-travel/|accessdate=2009-09-15}}</ref> Kuala Lumpur plays host to many cultural festivals such as the [[Thaipusam]] procession at the [[Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Kuala Lumpur|Sri Mahamariamman Temple]]. Every year during the Thaipusam celebration, a silver chariot carrying the statue of Lord Muruga together with his consort Valli and Teivayanni would be paraded through the city beginning at the temple all the way to the Batu Caves.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sri Mahamariamman Temple|url=http://www.welcome-kl.com/sri-mahamariamman-temple|publisher=Welcome-KL|accessdate=2012-07-10}}</ref>

The entertainment hub of the city is mainly centred in the Golden Triangle encompassing '' Jalan P. Ramlee'', ''Jalan Sultan Ismail'' and Ampang Road. Trendy [[nightclub]]s, [[Bar (establishment)|bar]]s and [[Bar (counter)|lounges]], such as the Beach Club, Espanda, the Hakka Republic Wine Bar & Restaurant, [[Hard Rock Cafe]], the Luna Bar, Nuovo, Rum Jungle, the Thai Club, [[Zouk (club)|Zouk]], and many others are located here.

===Retail===
{{further|Shopping in Kuala Lumpur|Bukit Bintang}}
[[File:Suria KLCC 2012.JPG|thumb|left|upright|Suria KLCC]]
[[File:Bukit bintang from kl monorail 2009.jpg|right|thumb |[[Bukit Bintang]], Kuala Lumpur retail cluster]]
Kuala Lumpur alone has 66 shopping malls and is the retail and fashion hub for Malaysia.<ref>{{cite news|title=Malaysia's vibrant retail scene|url=http://business.asiaone.com/Business/SME+Central/Dollars+%2526+Sense/Story/A1Story20071025-32117.html|publisher=The Business Times|date=2007-10-18|author=Chuang Peck Ming|accessdate=2007-12-04}}</ref> Shopping in Malaysia contributed RM7.7 billion (USD 2.26 billion) or 20.8 percent of the RM31.9 billion tourism receipts in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=New Straits Times, Travel News|accessdate=2007-12-18|title=Wooing Indonesian shoppers|url=http://www.nst.com.my/Weekly/Travel/article/TravelNews/20050809104309/Article/|author=Shanti Gunaratnam |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071218215959/http://www.nst.com.my/Weekly/Travel/article/TravelNews/20050809104309/Article/ |archivedate = December 18, 2007}}</ref> and Kuala Lumpur plays a big role in attracting consumers.

[[Suria KLCC]] is one of Malaysia's premier shopping destinations due to its location beneath the [[Petronas Twin Towers]].

Apart from Suria KLCC, [[Bukit Bintang]] district has the highest concentration of shopping malls in Kuala Lumpur. It houses various cafes, [[wikt:alfresco|alfresco]] dining outlets and retail malls. The [[Bangsar]] district also has a few shopping complexes, including Bangsar Village, Bangsar Shopping Centre, [[Mid Valley Megamall]] and [[The Gardens (Kuala Lumpur)|The Gardens]]. The [[Damansara, Selangor|Damansara]] subdivision north-west of Kuala Lumpur, though not in the city-proper, is the home of the only [[IKEA]] outlet in the country, and a cluster of locally operated malls like [[Cathay Organisation|Cathay]] Multi Screen Cinemas, [[The Curve (shopping mall)|The Curve]], [[Ikano Power Centre]] and [[One Utama]].

Apart from shopping complexes, Kuala Lumpur has designated numerous zones in the city to market locally manufactured products such as [[textile]]s, [[fabric]]s and [[handicraft]]s. The Chinatown of Kuala Lumpur, commonly known as [[Petaling Street]], is one of them. Chinatown features many pre-independence buildings with Straits Chinese and colonial architectural influences.<ref name="gurstien">Gurstien, P (1985) Malaysia Architecture Heritage Survey – A Handbook, Malaysia Heritage Trust. Page 65</ref><ref name="gurstien google cache">{{cite web|url=http://72.14.235.104/search?q=cache:aWN72AqmqwsJ:www.efka.utm.my/thesis/images/4MASTER/2005/2JSB-P/Part1/MUKRAMMA031077A05TT2.doc+pre+war+shophouses+in+kuala+lumpur&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1 |title=Google Cache Of 'Historical Buildings In Malaysia' |publisher=72.14.235.104 |date= |accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref> [[Central Market, Malaysia|Kuala Lumpur's Central Market]] (''Pasar Seni''), which was once the city's wet market, offers an assortment of arts and craft merchandise, varying from antiques and paintings to souvenirs and clothing.

In 2000, the Malaysian Ministry of Tourism introduced the mega sale event for shopping in Malaysia. The mega sale event is held thrice a year — in March, May and December — during which all shopping malls are encouraged to participate to boost Kuala Lumpur as a leading shopping destination.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://malaysiahotelnews.blogspot.com/2006/10/three-shopping-carnivals-for-vmy-2007.html |title=Malaysia Hotels Blog |publisher=Malaysiahotelnews.blogspot.com |date=2006-10-19 |accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref>
The city was ranked number 4th in the world's top ten best cities to shop in.<!--{{Fact}} begin-->{{fix
|link=Wikipedia:Citation needed
|text=citation needed
|class=noprint Template-Fact
|title=This claim needs references to reliable sources
}}<!--{{Fact}} end-->

==Demographics==
{{Bar box
|title=Ethnicities of Kuala Lumpur - 2010 Census<ref name="Department of Statistics, Malaysia">{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/download_Population/files/census2010/Taburan_Penduduk_dan_Ciri-ciri_Asas_Demografi.pdf|title= 2010 Population and Housing Census of Malaysia|language=Malay and English|accessdate=2012-06-17|publisher=Department of Statistics, Malaysia}}</ref>
|titlebar=
|left1=ethnic group
|right1=percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|[[Bumiputera (Malaysia)|Malays]]|#89CFF0|44.2}}
{{Bar percent|[[Malaysian Chinese|Chinese]]|#FFA07A|43.2}}
{{Bar percent|[[Malaysian Indian|Indians]]|#FFCBA4|10.3}}
{{Bar percent|Other Bumiputera and others|DarkGray|1.8}}
}}
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Kuala Lumpur - 2010 Census<ref name="Department of Statistics, Malaysia"/>
|titlebar=
|left1=religion
|right1=percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|LimeGreen|46.4}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism]]|OrangeRed|35.7}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|DarkViolet|8.5}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|DodgerBlue|5.8}}
{{bar percent|[[Chinese folk religion|Chinese Ethnic Religion]]|Magenta|1.1}}
{{bar percent|Other|Gray|2.0}}
{{bar percent|[[Irreligion|No religion]]|Black|0.5}}
}}

<!-- seems a huge growth from 1.58 to 6.9 million in one year; one of those numbers seems likely to be wrong -->
Kuala Lumpur is the most populous city in Malaysia, with a population of 1.6 million in the [[city proper]] as of 2010.<ref name="statistics.gov.my">{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 |title=Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010 |publisher=Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia |page=iv |accessdate=2011-01-24 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20101227065717/http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archivedate=2010-12-27}}</ref> It has a population density of {{convert|6696|PD/km2|/sqmi}}, and is the most densely populated administrative district in Malaysia.<ref name="Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010"/> Kuala Lumpur is a [[primate city]] as it has an estimated metropolitan population of 6.9 million as of 2007.<ref name="wg">{{cite web |url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=1160302510&men=gcis&lng=en&des=gamelan&dat=32&srt=pnan&col=ohdq&pt=a&va=&geo=-152|title=Malaysia:Metropolitan areas|author=Helders, Stefan|work=World Gazetteer|accessdate=2007-12-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Josh, Krist|title=Kuala Lumpur: The Heart of Malaysia|url=http://www.corporatemeetings.com/displayarticle.asp?id=8172|work=Meetings AsiaPacific|publisher=Meetings Media|accessdate=2007-12-13}}</ref> Residents of the city are colloquially known as [[KLites]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Friday/Features/20071101171139/Article |title=Far from the madding crowd|author=Aziz, Su|publisher=The New Straits Times Online|accessdate=2007-12-04|quote=...one of the many 30-something '''KLites''' seeking.. |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071218214424/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Friday/Features/20071101171139/Article |archivedate = December 18, 2007}}</ref>

[[File:Masjid Negara KL.JPG|thumb|left|The Masjid Negara.|The [[Masjid Negara]] the modern mosque was built in 1965.]]
Kuala Lumpur has a heterogeneous populace which includes the country's three major ethnic groups: the [[Malaysian Malay|Malays]], the [[Malaysian Chinese|Chinese]] and the [[Malaysian Indian|Indians]], although the city also has a mix of different cultures including [[Eurasian (mixed ancestry)|Eurasians]], as well as [[Kadazan]]s, [[Iban people|Ibans]] and other indigenous races from [[East Malaysia]] and [[Peninsula Malaysia]].<ref name="KEB"/><ref name=AWD>{{cite web|url=http://www.kuala-lumpur.ws/culture-traditions/ |title=Kuala Lumpur Culture & Heritage|publisher=AsiaWebDirect|accessdate=2007-12-04}}</ref> According to the 2010 census by the Department of Statistics, the percentage of the [[Bumiputera (Malaysia)|Bumiputera]] population in Kuala Lumpur was around 44.2%, while the Chinese population comprised 43.2% and Indians 10.3%.<ref name="CensusMalaysia2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/download_Population/files/census2010/Taburan_Penduduk_dan_Ciri-ciri_Asas_Demografi.pdf |title=Taburan Penduduk dan Ciri-ciri Asas Demografi |publisher=Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia |page=11 |accessdate=12 October 2011}}</ref> A notable phenomenon has been the increase in the presence of foreign residents in Kuala Lumpur, who now constitute about 9% of the city’s population.<ref name="KEB"/>

[[File:St. John's Cathedral, Kuala Lumpur.jpg|left|thumb|200px|St. John's Cathedral was built in 1883.]]
Birth rates in Kuala Lumpur have declined and resulted in the lower proportion of young people falling below 15 years old category from 33% in 1980 to slightly less than 27% in 2000.<ref name="KEB"/> On the other hand, the working age group of 15–59 increased from 63% in 1980 to 67% in 2000.<ref name="KEB"/> The elderly age group, 60 years old and above has increased from 4% in 1980 and 1991 to 6% in 2000.<ref name="KEB"/>

Kuala Lumpur's rapid development has triggered a huge influx of low-skilled foreign workers from [[Indonesia]], [[Nepal]], [[Burma]], [[Thailand]], [[Bangladesh]], India, [[Sri Lanka]], [[Philippines]], and [[Vietnam]] into [[Malaysia]], many of whom enter the country illegally or without proper permits.<ref name=PDO>{{cite news|title=Malaysia to reduce number of foreign workers to 1.5 mln|publisher=People's Daily Online|accessdate=2007-12-15|date=September 2, 2006|url=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200609/02/eng20060902_298925.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=A Growing Source of Fear for Migrants in Malaysia|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/10/world/asia/10malaysia.html?ref=world|date=December 10, 2007|publisher=International Herald Tribune|accessdate=2007-12-15 | first=Seth | last=Mydans}}</ref>
[[File:Sri Mahamariamman Temple 2, central Kuala Lumpur.jpg|right|thumb|200px|The elaborate [[Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Kuala Lumpur]]'s oldest Hindu temple.]]
Kuala Lumpur is plural and religiously diverse. The city has many places of worship catering to the multi-religious population. [[Islam]] is practiced primarily by the Malays and the Indian Muslim communities. [[Mahayana Buddhism|Buddhism]], [[Confucianism]] and [[Taoism]] are practiced mainly among the Chinese. Indians traditionally adhere to Hinduism. Some Chinese and Indians also subscribe to [[Christianity]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Adherents.com|title=Religion by Location: Malaysia|url=http://www.adherents.com/adhloc/Wh_193.html|accessdate=2007-12-15}}</ref>

As of 2010 Census the population of Kuala Lumpur is 46.4% [[Muslim]], 35.7% Buddhist, 8.5% [[Hindu]], 5.8% [[Christian]], 1.1% [[Taoism|Taoist]] or [[Chinese folk religion|Chinese religion]] adherent, 2.0% follower of other religions, and 0.5% non-religious.

[[Malaysian language|Bahasa Malaysia]] is the principal language in Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur residents are generally literate in English, with a large proportion adopting it as their first language.{{Citation needed|date=March 2012}} It has a strong presence, especially in business and is a compulsory language taught in schools.<ref name="AWD"/> [[Yue Chinese|Cantonese]] and [[Standard Mandarin|Mandarin]] are prominent as they are spoken by the local majority [[Malaysian Chinese|Chinese]] population.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Kuala Lumpur Hotels & Travel Guide|title=Kuala Lumpur Culture & Heritage: Traditions, Races, People|url=http://www.kuala-lumpur.ws/culture-traditions/|accessdate=2008-02-16}}</ref> Another major dialect spoken is [[Hakka]]. While [[Tamil language|Tamil]] is dominant amongst the local [[Malaysian Indian|Indian]] population, other Indian languages spoken include [[Malayalam]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Hindi]] and [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2012}}

==Cityscape==
{{wide image|MenaraKLView.jpg|900px|alt=Panorama of city with mixture of five- to ten-story buildings|Panorama image taken from observation deck}}

===Architecture===
{{Main|Architecture of Kuala Lumpur}}
[[Image:Torres Petronas Mayo 2004.jpg|thumb|upright|The [[Petronas Twin Towers]] at dusk]]
[[Image:KlRailwayStAndHq.jpg|thumb|The [[Kuala Lumpur Railway Station]](right) contrasts with a [[Keretapi Tanah Melayu]](left) Administration Building darker, similarly Moorish-styled building across the road.]]

The architecture of Kuala Lumpur is a blend of old [[Colonialism|colonial]] influences, Asian traditions, Malay Islamic inspirations, [[modern architecture|modern]], and [[postmodern architecture]] mix.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=New York Times, Travel|accessdate=2007-12-18|date=1990-09-23|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE6DC143AF930A1575AC0A966958260|title=Landmarks of Kuala Lumpur | first1=Barbaralee | last1=Diamonstein | first2=New | last2=Jersey}}</ref> Being a relatively young city compared with other Southeast Asian capitals such as [[Bangkok]], [[Jakarta]] and [[Manila]], most of Kuala Lumpur's colonial buildings were built toward the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. These buildings have [[Mughal architecture|Moorish]], [[Tudor style architecture|Tudor]], [[Gothic Revival architecture|Neo-Gothic]] or Grecian-Spanish style or architecture.<ref>{{cite book|title=British Colonial Architecture in Malaysia 1800–1930|last=Ahmad|first=A. Ghafar|publisher=Museums Association of Malaysia|location=Kuala Lumpur|year=1997}}[http://www.hbp.usm.my/conservation/British/britishcolonial1.htm extract]</ref> Most of the styling has been modified to use local resources and acclimatised to the local climate, which is hot and humid all year around

Prior to the [[Second World War]], many [[shophouse]]s, usually two stories with functional shops on the ground floor and separate residential spaces upstairs, were built around the old city centre. These shop-houses drew inspiration from [[Straits Chinese]] and European traditions.<ref name="gurstien" /><ref name="gurstien google cache" />  Some of these shophouses have made way for new developments but there are still many standing today around Medan Pasar (Old Market Square), [[Petaling Street|Chinatown]], [[Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman]], Jalan Doraisamy, [[Bukit Bintang]] and Tengkat Tong Shin areas.

Independence coupled with the rapid economic growth from the 1970s to the 1990s and with Islam being the official religion in the country, has resulted in the construction of buildings with a more local and Islamic flavour arise around the city. Many of these buildings derive their design from traditional Malay items such as the [[songkok]] and the [[Kris|keris]]. Some of these buildings have Islamic geometric motifs integrated with the designs of the building, signifying Islamic restriction on imitating nature through drawings.<ref name="Cop149">{{cite book|title=World Architecture: An Illustrated History|author=Copplestone, Trewin|page=149|publisher=London, Hamlyn|year=1976|isbn=0-600-03954-4}}</ref> Examples of these buildings are [[Menara Telekom]], [[Maybank Tower, Kuala Lumpur|Menara Maybank]], [[Dayabumi Complex]], and the Islamic Centre.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=t0cqkU5RxwgC&pg=PA71&lpg=PA71|title=Malaysia, Modernity and the Multimedia Super Corridor: A Critical Geography, page 74|publisher=Google Books|accessdate=2007-12-14|isbn=9780203647363|date=2004-03-12}}</ref> Some buildings such as the Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia and [[Planetarium Negara|National Planetarium]] have been built to masquerade as a place of worship, complete with [[dome]] and [[minaret]], when in fact it is a place of science and knowledge. The {{convert|452|m|ft|adj=on}} tall [[Petronas Twin Towers]] are the tallest twin buildings in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0909775.html|title=Petronas Towers|work=Pearson PLC|accessdate=2007-12-11|publisher=Infoplease}}</ref> They were designed to resemble motifs found in Islamic art.<ref>{{cite web|author=Henry, Brandi|title=Petronas Towers|url=http://illumin.usc.edu/article.php?articleID=54|publisher=USC Viterbi, School of Engineering|work=illumin|accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref>

Late modern and postmodern architecture began to appear in the late-1990s and early-2000s. With the economic development, old buildings such as [[Bok House]] have been razed to make way for new ones. Buildings with all-glass shells exist throughout the city, with the most prominent examples being the [[Petronas Twin Towers]] and [[Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre]]. As of{{Cite document|date=September 2010|postscript=<!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}}}} Kuala Lumpur's central business district today has shifted around the Kuala Lumpur city centre (KLCC) where many new and tall buildings with modern and postmodern architecture fill the skyline. According to the World Tallest 50 Urban Agglomeration 2010 Projection by the [[Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat]], Kuala Lumpur was ranked 10th among cities to have most buildings above 100 meters with a combined height of 34035 meters from its 244 high rise buildings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ctbuh.org/HighRiseInfo/TallestDatabase/50TallestAgglomerations/tabid/1006/language/en-GB/Default.aspx|title=The Worlds Tallest 50 Urban Agglomerations|work=CTBUH Journal|accessdate=2012-01-14|publisher=Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat}}</ref>

===Parks===
[[Image:KLCCpark-fountain.JPG|left|thumb|[[KLCC Park|Kuala Lumpur City Centre Park]]]]

The [[Lake Gardens, Kuala Lumpur|Lake Gardens]], a {{convert|92|ha|acre|adj=on}} manicured garden near the Malaysian Parliament building, was once home to a British colonial official. The park includes a Butterfly Park, Deer Park, Orchid Garden, Hibiscus Garden and the [[Kuala Lumpur Bird Park]], Southeast Asia's largest bird park.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=The Age|title=Top five ways to enjoy Kuala Lumpur|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/take-five/top-five-ways-to-enjoy-kuala-lumpur/2005/02/19/1108709483546.html|accessdate=2007-12-14 | location=Melbourne | date=2005-02-20}}</ref> Other parks in the city include the ASEAN Sculpture Garden, [[KLCC Park]], Titiwangsa Lake Gardens, Metropolitan Lake Gardens in Kepong, [[Forest Research Institute Malaysia]], Taman Tasik Permaisuri (Queen’s Lake Gardens), [[Bukit Kiara]] Botanical Gardens, Equestrian Park and West Valley Park near [[TTDI]], and Bukit Jalil International Park.

There are three forest reserves within the city namely the [[Bukit Nanas]] Forest Reserve in the city centre, the oldest gazetted forest reserve in the country {{convert|10.52|ha|acre|abbr=on|disp=or}}, Bukit Sungai Putih Forest Reserve ({{convert|7.41|ha|acre|disp=or|abbr=on}}) and Bukit Sungai Besi Forest Reserve ({{convert|42.11|ha|acre|disp=or|abbr=on}}). [[Bukit Nanas]], in the heart of the city centre, is one of the oldest virgin forests in the world within a city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.targetwoman.com/articles/kuala-lumpur.html |title=Oldest Primary Forest within a City|accessdate=2007-12-04|publisher=TargetWoman Directory}}</ref> These residual forest areas are home to a number of [[fauna]] species particularly monkeys, [[treeshrew]]s, [[pygmy goat]]s, [[budgerigar]]s, squirrels and birds.

There is another park in the close vicinity to Kuala Lumpur i.e. Templer Park initiated and opened by Sir [[Gerald Templer]] in 1954 during the "Emergency" time.<ref>Ashlrigh Seow. A Man and his Park. // Senses of Malaysia, vol. 17 (January–February), 2011, p. 62-65</ref>
{{clr}}

==Education==
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Viclocktower.jpg|right|thumb|[[Victoria Institution]] is one of the oldest secondary schools in the country.]] -->
According to government statistics, Kuala Lumpur has a [[literacy]] rate of 97.5% in 2000, the highest rate in any state or territory in Malaysia.<ref>{{cite press release|title=
Education and Social Characteristics of the Population, Population and Housing Census 2000.|date=August 2002|accessdate=2007-12-10|publisher=Department of Statistics, Malaysia|url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/English/news/pressedu.htm|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071211060855/http://www.statistics.gov.my/English/news/pressedu.htm|archivedate=2007-12-11}}</ref>
In Malaysia, Malay is the language of instruction for most subjects while English is a compulsory subject and is used as the language of instruction for mathematics and the natural sciences. There are also schools which provide Mandarin and Tamil as languages of instruction for certain subjects.

[[File:My um.JPG|thumb|alt=A| [[University of Malaya]] main gate. The oldest university that established in 1949.]]
In Kuala Lumpur alone, there are 13 tertiary education institutions, 79 high schools, 155 elementary schools and 136 kindergartens.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dbkl.gov.my/pskl2020/english/community_facilities/index.htm#13_2_4|title=Existing situation of Educational facilities|work=Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020|publisher=Kuala Lumpur City Hall|accessdate=2007-12-12}}</ref>

There are several notable institutions located in the city which have existed for more than 100 years, such as Bukit Bintang Girls' School (1893–2000, when shifted to Taman Shamelin Perkasa in Cheras and renamed SMK Seri Bintang Utara), [[Victoria Institution]] (1893); Methodist Girls' School (1896); [[Methodist Boys' School (Kuala Lumpur)|Methodist Boys' School]] (1897); [[SMK Convent Bukit Nanas|Convent Bukit Nanas]] (1899) and [[St. John's Institution, Kuala Lumpur|St. John's Institution]] (1904).

Kuala Lumpur is home to the [[University of Malaya]]. Established in 1949, it is the oldest university in Malaysia, and one of the oldest in the region.<ref>{{cite pressrelease|title=Carnegie Mellon University's Heinz School to Offer Professional Master's Degree at University of Malaya in Kuala Lumpur in New Collaboration|url=http://www.icarnegie.com/about/pr/pr_19jan06.html|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071213025647/http://www.icarnegie.com/about/pr/pr_19jan06.html|archivedate=2007-12-13|publisher=Carnegie Mellon University|accessdate=2007-12-13}}</ref> It is also the most prestigious tertiary institution in Malaysia, having been ranked first among the universities in Malaysia in the 2004 [[Times Higher Education]] (THES) international rankings.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uniranks.unifiedself.com/2004top200.html |title=World University Rankings 2004 |accessdate=2007-12-07}}</ref> In recent years, the number of [[international students]] at University of Malaya has risen, a result of increasing efforts made to attract more international students.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=The Star Malaysia|date=2007-07-02|title=UM out to woo foreign students|url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/7/2/nation/18189116&sec=nation|accessdate=2007-12-18}}</ref>

Other universities located in Kuala Lumpur include [[International Islamic University Malaysia]], [[Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman|Tunku Abdul Rahman University]], [[UCSI University]], [[International Medical University]], [[Open University Malaysia]], [[Universiti Kuala Lumpur|Kuala Lumpur University]], [[Wawasan Open University]] and the branch campus of the [[National University of Malaysia]] and [[Universiti Teknologi Malaysia|University of Technology Malaysia]]. In the metropolitan state of [[Selangor]] which surrounds KL to form [[Greater Kuala Lumpur]], there are also various universities, most notably the branch campuses of [[University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus]] located in [[Semenyih]] and [[Monash University Malaysia Campus]] in [[Sunway]]. The [[Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia|National Defence University of Malaysia]] is located at [[Sungai Besi]] Army Base, at the southern part of central Kuala Lumpur. It was established to be a major centre for military and defence technology studies. This institution covers studies in the field of [[army]], [[navy]], and [[air force]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=National Defence University of Malaysia|url=http://www.upnm.edu.my/media/v3/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=34&Itemid=28|title=Background|language=Malay|accessdate=2007-12-18}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>

==Culture==
===Arts===
[[Image:KLNationalMuseumFrieze.JPG|right|thumb|Frieze depicting Malaysian history at the National Museum]]
Kuala Lumpur is a hub for cultural activities and events in Malaysia. Among the centres is the [[Muzium Negara|National Museum]] which is situated along the Mahameru Highway. Its collection comprises artifacts and paintings collected throughout the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museum.gov.my/?lang=en|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080101125611/http://www.museum.gov.my/?lang=en|archivedate=2008-01-01|title=Main Page|publisher=Muzium Negara Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-11}}</ref> Kuala Lumpur also has an [[Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia|Islamic Arts Museum]] which houses more than seven thousand Islamic artefacts including rare exhibits as well as a library of Islamic art books.<ref>{{cite web|title=Main|url=http://www.iamm.org.my/main.php|publisher=Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-11}}</ref> However, the museum's collection not only concentrate on works from the Middle East, but also includes work from elsewhere in Asia, such as China and Southeast Asia. Kuala Lumpur has a Cultural Craft Complex coupled with a museum that displays a variety of textile, ceramic, metal craft and weaved products. All the information of the production process are portrayed in diorama format complete with historical facts, technique and traditionally engineered equipment. Among the processes shown are pottery making, intricate wood carving, silver-smithing, weaving songket cloth, stamping batik patterns on cloth and boat making.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kualalumpurcityguide.com/366/craft-cultural-complex-kuala-lumpur-kompleks-budaya-kraf|title=Craft Cultural Complex Kuala Lumpur – Kompleks Budaya Kraf|accessdate=2010-11-19}}</ref> [[Royal Selangor]] has an ultra modern visitor's centre, which allows tours to be conducted through its [[pewter]] museum, gallery and its factory. In its pewtersmithing workshop, "The School of Hard Knocks," participants are taught to create their own pewter dish using traditional tools and methods.

<!--[[File:Dewan-filharmonik-petronas-01.jpg|thumb|left|Filharmonik.|The classic design of [[Dewan Filharmonik Petronas|Petronas Philharmonic Hall]] with orchestra.]] - deleted from commons -->
The premier performing arts venue is the [[Dewan Filharmonik Petronas|Petronas Philharmonic Hall]]. The resident orchestra is the [[Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra]] (MPO), consisting of musicians from all over the world and features regular concerts, chamber concerts and traditional cultural performances.<ref>{{cite web|title=Meet the MPO|publisher=Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra|url=http://www.malaysianphilharmonic.com/orc_members.php|accessdate=2007-12-11 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070828210827/http://www.malaysianphilharmonic.com/orc_members.php |archivedate = August 28, 2007}}</ref> The [[Kuala Lumpur Performing Arts Centre]] (KLPac) in Sentul West is one of the most established centres for the performing arts, notably theatre, music, and film screening, in the country. It has housed many local productions and has been a supporter of local and regional independent performance artists.<ref>{{cite web|title=Main page|publisher=Kuala Lumpur Performing Arts Centre|accessdate=2007-12-18|url=http://www.klpac.com/Welcome.asp}}</ref> One of the highlights in 2006 was the KL Sing Song 2006 music fest which featured Malaysian singer-songwriters of various cultural backgrounds, from both West and East Malaysia, through two days of performances and workshops.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://klsingsong.blogspot.com/2006/07/kl-sing-song-2006-in-star.html |title=All About Song|author=Lohan, N. Rama|publisher=The Star Online|accessdate=2007-12-12}}</ref>

The [[National Art Gallery of Malaysia]] is located on Jalan Temerloh, off Jalan Tun Razak on a {{convert|5.67|ha|acre|adj=on}} site neighbouring the National Theater ([[Istana Budaya]]) and National Library. The architecture of the gallery incorporates elements of traditional Malay architecture, as well as contemporary modern architecture. The National Art Gallery serves as a centre of excellence and trustee of the national art heritage. The Petronas Art Gallery, another centre for fine art, is situated in [[Kuala Lumpur City Centre]] (KLCC). The Galeri Tangsi near Dataran Merdeka houses exhibitions of works by local and foreign artists.

Kuala Lumpur holds the Malaysia International Gourmet Festival annually.<ref>{{cite web|title=Main|url=http://www.migf.com/home.html|publisher=Malaysia International Gourmet Festival|accessdate=2007-12-13 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071012015752/http://www.migf.com/home.html |archivedate = October 12, 2007}}</ref> Another event hosted annually by the city is the Kuala Lumpur Fashion Week,<ref>{{cite web|title=Kuala Lumpur Fashion Week 2005|publisher=People's Daily Online|url=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200505/04/eng20050504_183700.html|accessdate=2007-12-13}}</ref> which includes international brands as well as local designers.

Kuala Lumpur also is becoming the center for new media, innovation and creative industry development in the region and hosts the international creative industry event, Kreative.Asia. 
Kreative.Asia gathers local, regional and international experts in the creative industry who are involved in the creation, development and delivery of interactive content, arts, community and applications. Kuala Lumpur is at the forefront of the convergence of media, art, culture and communications.

===Sports and recreation===
[[Image:Stadium nasional bukit jalil.JPG|left|thumb|The [[National Stadium, Bukit Jalil|National Stadium]] at [[Bukit Jalil]]]]
Kuala Lumpur has numerous parks, gardens and open spaces for recreational purposes. Total open space for recreational and sport facilities land use in the city has increased significantly by 169.6 percent from {{convert|5.86|km2|acre}} in 1984 to {{convert|15.8|km2|acre}} in 2000.<ref name='Community Facilities'>{{cite web|url=http://www.dbkl.gov.my/pskl2020/english/community_facilities/index.htm#13_2_3|title=Community Facilities|work=Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020|publisher=Kuala Lumpur City Hall|accessdate=2007-12-12}}</ref>

Kuala Lumpur is one of the host cities for the [[Formula One]] World Championship,<ref name=F1>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/motorsport/formula_one/circuit_guide/4244253.stm|title=Circuit Guide: Sepang, Malaysia|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=2007-12-13 | date=2006-02-17}}</ref> the open-wheel auto racing [[A1 Grand Prix]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.a1gp.com/(S(1i3rbrmttvedn03utuqdy155))/Circuit/circuitInfo.aspx|title=Season 2007/08|publisher=A1GP|accessdate=2007-12-13}}</ref> and the [[Motorcycle Grand Prix]]<ref>{{cite news|title=2004 MotoGP Sepang Results|publisher=MotorcycleUSA|accessdate=2012-05-03|date=2004-10-10|url=http://www.motorcycle-usa.com/451/5884/Motorcycle-Article/2004-MotoGP-Sepang-Results.aspx}}</ref> with races being held at [[Sepang International Circuit]] in the neighbouring state of Selangor, next to the Kuala Lumpur International Airport. The Formula One event contributes significantly to tourist arrivals and tourism income to Kuala Lumpur. This was evident during the [[Asian Financial Crisis]] in 1998. Despite cities around Asia suffering declining tourist arrivals, Kuala Lumpur tourist arrivals increased from 6,210,900 in 1997 to 10,221,600 in 2000, or 64.6% increase in tourist arrivals.<ref name=Tourism>{{cite web|url=http://www.dbkl.gov.my/pskl2020/english/tourism/index.htm|work=Kuala Lumpur Structure Plan 2020|publisher=Kuala Lumpur City Hall|accessdate=2007-12-12|title=Tourism}}</ref>

[[File:Sepang f1.jpg|thumb|alt=Sepang Cicuit.|Formula One race being held at [[Sepang International Circuit]].]]
KL Grand Prix CSI 5*,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.klgrandprix.com/main.php|publisher=Kuala Lumpur Grand Prix 2007|title=Main page|accessdate=2007-12-12 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080501041841/http://www.klgrandprix.com/main.php |archivedate = May 1, 2008}}</ref> a five-star international showjumping equestrian event is held annually in the city. This annual event draws the world’s top riders and their prized horses to Malaysia.

Other annual sport events hosted by the city include the KL Tower Run,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kltowerjump.com/|title=KL Tower International BASE Jump 2007|accessdate=2007-12-12}}</ref> the KL Tower International BASE Jump Merdeka Circuit and the Kuala Lumpur International Marathon. Kuala Lumpur is also one of the stages of the [[Tour de Langkawi]] cycling race.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tdl.com.my/|title=Tour de Langkawi|publisher=Ministry of Youth and Sports, Malaysia|accessdate=2007-12-12}}</ref>

The annual [[Malaysia Open]] Super Series badminton tournament is held in Kuala Lumpur.

Kuala Lumpur has a considerable array of sports facilities of international class after hosting the [[1998 Commonwealth Games]]. Many of these facilities including the main stadium (with running track and a football field), hockey stadium and swimming pools are located in the [[National Sports Complex, Malaysia|National Sports Complex]] at [[Bukit Jalil]] while a velodrome and more swimming pools are located in Bandar Tun Razak, next to the Taman Tasik Permaisuri Lake Gardens. There are also soccer fields, local sports complexes, swimming pools and tennis courts scattered around the suburbs. Badminton and ‘[[Sepak Takraw|takraw]]’ courts are usually included in community halls. The AFC House which is the current headquarters of the Asian Football Confederation is built on a {{convert|4|acre|m2|adj=on}} complex in the Kuala Lumpur suburb of Bukit Jalil.

Kuala Lumpur has several golf courses including the Kuala Lumpur Golf and Country Club (KLGCC) and the Malaysia Civil Service Golf Club in Kiara and the Berjaya Golf Course at Bukit Jalil.
The city also has numerous large private fitness centres run by [[Celebrity Fitness]], [[Fitness First]], True Fitness and major five-star hotels.

Kuala Lumpur is also the birthplace of [[Hash House Harriers|Hashing]] which began in December 1938 when a group of [[British people|British]] colonial officers and expatriates began meeting on Monday evenings to run, in a fashion patterned after the traditional British [[Paper Chase (game)|Paper Chase]] or "Hare and Hounds".

Kuala Lumpur will host the [[127th IOC Session|127th]] [[IOC Session]] in 2015 where the [[IOC]] will vote to elect the host city of the [[2022 Winter Olympics]].<ref>[http://www.insidethegames.biz/latest/16218-kuala-lumpur-set-to-be-city-where-2022-winter-olympics-are-decided Kuala Lumpur set to be city where 2022 Winter Olympics decided]</ref>

===Media===
[[Image:KualaLumpurTower.jpg|upright|thumb|The [[Kuala Lumpur Tower]] is an important broadcast centre in the country.]]
There are several [[newspaper]]s, including daily newspapers, opposition newspaper, business newspapers and also a digital newspaper, based in Kuala Lumpur. Daily newspapers include [[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]], [[New Straits Times]], [[The Sun (Malaysia)|theSun]], [[Malay Mail]], [[Kosmo!]], [[Utusan Malaysia]], [[Berita Harian]], [[Harian Metro]]. Mandarin and Tamil newspapers are also published here on a daily basis, for example [[Guang Ming Daily (Malaysia)|Guang Ming Daily]], [[Sin Chew Daily]], [[China Press]], [[Nanyang Siang Pau]] and [[Tamil Nesan]], [[Malaysia Nanban]], [[Makkal Osai]]. Opposition newspapers such as [[Harakah]], Suara Keadilan, Siasah and Wasilah are also based here. Kuala Lumpur is also the headquarters for [[Malaysia]]'s [[state media]] [[public broadcasting|public]] government [[terrestrial television|terrestrial]] [[television stations]] such: [[TV1 (Malaysia)|TV1]] and [[TV2 (Malaysia)|TV2]] a subsidiary of [[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]] and [[TV Alhijrah]] a subsidiary of [[TV Alhijrah|Alhijrah Media Corporation]] which of [[Media Prima Berhad]] and [[Worldview Broadcasting Channel|Worldview Broadcasting Channel (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad]] a media corporation which houses the private [[commercial broadcasting|commercial]] [[terrestrial television|terrestrial]] [[television stations]] such: [[TV3 (Malaysia)|TV3]], [[NTV7]], [[8TV (Malaysia)|8TV]], [[TV9 (Malaysia)|TV9]], [[TV Alhijrah]] and [[Worldview Broadcasting Channel]]. Programmes are broadcast in [[Malay language|Malay]], [[English language|English]], [[Chinese language|Chinese]] and [[Tamil language|Tamil]].
{| class="wikitable"
!width="100"|Television Station
!width="80"|Channel<br/>(Gunung Ulu Kali)
!width="80"|Channel<br/>(Bukit Besi)
!width="80"|Channel<br/>([[Menara KL]])
!width="90"|Channel<br/>(Astro&NJOI/ Unifi)
!width="90"|Network
!width="70"|Status
!width="90"|Country of Region
!width="70"|Group
!width="70"|Type
|-
!colspan=10|[[Public broadcasting|Public]]
|-
| [[TV1 (Malaysia)|TV1]]
| 48 [[UHF]]
| 50 [[UHF]]
| 5 [[VHF]]
| 101
| rowspan=2| [[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]
| rowspan=2| National
| rowspan=2| {{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
| rowspan=2| [[Free-to-air]]
| rowspan=2| [[Terrestrial television|Terrestrial]]
|-
| [[TV2 (Malaysia)|TV2]] 
| 10 [[VHF]]
| 53 [[UHF]]
| 8 [[VHF]]
| 102
|-
!colspan=10|[[Commercial broadcasting|Commercial]]
|-
| [[TV3 (Malaysia)|TV3]] 
| 29 [[UHF]]
| 12 [[VHF]]
| 
| 103
| rowspan=4| [[Media Prima]]
| rowspan=4| National
| rowspan=4| {{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
| rowspan=4| [[Free-to-air]]
| rowspan=4| [[Terrestrial television|Terrestrial]]
|-
| [[NTV7]] 
| 37 [[UHF]]
| 7 [[VHF]]
| 35 [[UHF]]
| 107
|-
| [[8TV (Malaysia)|8TV]] 
| 27 [[UHF]]
| 58 [[UHF]]
| 
| 708 / 108
|-
| [[TV9 (Malaysia)|TV9]]
| 42 [[UHF]]
| 33 [[UHF]]
|
| 119 / 109
|-
| [[TV Alhijrah|TV AlHijrah]]
| 55 [[UHF]]
|
|
| 114
| rowspan=1| [[TV Alhijrah|AlHijrah Media]]
| rowspan=2| National
| rowspan=2| {{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
| rowspan=2| [[Free-to-air]]
| rowspan=2| [[Terrestrial television|Terrestrial]]
|-
| [[Worldview Broadcasting Channel|WBC]]
| 39 [[UHF]]
|
|
|
| 
|}

[[Image:Menara telekom.jpg|left|thumb|upright|[[TM Tower]] is the headquarters of Malaysia's principal telecommunication service provider, [[Telekom Malaysia]].]]
The city is also home to the country's main [[pay television]] service such: [[Astro (Malaysian satellite television)|Astro]], a [[satellite television]] service, which broadcasts local and [[international]] [[television channels]] such: [[CNN International Asia Pacific]], [[BBC World News]], [[STAR World]], [[Fox Movies Premium|FOX Movies Pemium]] and [[HBO Asia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.astro.com.my/ |title=Astro official website |publisher=Astro.com.my |date= |accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref> [[Al-Jazeera]], the Doha-based Arab news network has launched a new English-speaking channel called [[Al-Jazeera English]] to boost its international viewership with one of its broadcast centres based in Kuala Lumpur.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2007-12-11|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/6149310.stm|title=Al-Jazeera English hits airwaves|date=2006-11-15}}</ref> [[Phoenix TV]], a Hong Kong based television broadcaster has also announced plans to expand its regional business by partnership with local satellite TV provider, [[Astro (satellite TV)|Astro]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.ifeng.com/phoenixtv/77412215665197056/20050117/487673.shtml |title=InfoNews Channel launches its broadcast services in Malaysia via Astro |publisher=News.ifeng.com |date= |accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref> <!-- The Hong Kong office of [[Channel V]] International, an international music channel, relocated its programme production unit in Kuala Lumpur by appointing the local company Double Vision Sdn Bhd.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb3270/is_200207/ai_n7969169|title=<nowiki>[V]</nowiki> International relocates production to Malaysia|date=July 2002|accessdate=2007-12-11|publisher=Asia Image}} {{Dead link|date=August 2010|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref> (According to Channel V's official website [http://www.channelv.com/contactus], the network's office is located in Hong Kong, with no mention of the production unit being in KL.-->
In March 2008, [[Time Out (company)|Time Out]], an international listings and events magazine, was launched in Kuala Lumpur as its 24th global city.

Kuala Lumpur has been featured in all aspects of popular culture such as movies, television, music and books. [[Television series]] set in Kuala Lumpur include ''[[A Tale of 2 Cities (TV series)|A Tale of 2 Cities]]'' (starring [[Rui En]] and [[Joanne Peh]]). [[Movie theaters]] set in Kuala Lumpur include ''[[Police Story 3: Super Cop]]'' (starring [[Jackie Chan]] and [[Michelle Yeoh]]), ''[[Entrapment (film)|Entrapment]]'' (starring [[Sean Connery]] and [[Catherine Zeta-Jones]]) and ''[[Children of Men]]'' (starring [[Clive Owen]]) where the [[Petronas Twin Towers]] were depicted in flames for a few seconds.<ref>{{cite web|work=Campus Progress|title=Apocalypse Now|accessdate=2007-12-11|url=http://www.campusprogress.org/soundvision/1408/apocalypse-now}}</ref> Kuala Lumpur was referenced in an episode of ''[[The Simpsons]]'' entitled "[[Bart Gets Famous]]", in which the [[Bumblebee Man]] stated that "a powerful tidal wave in Kuala Lumpur has killed 120 people".<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.tv.com/the-simpsons/bart-gets-famous/episode/1378/trivia.html|title=Bart Gets Famous Trivia and Quotes|accessdate=2010-08-12|publisher=TV.com}}</ref> Books which were set in Kuala Lumpur include ''KL 24/7'' by Ida M Rahim, Shireen Zainudin and Rizal Zainudin,<ref>{{cite news|author=Gunaratnam, Shanti
|url=http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/TravelTimes/article/TravelNews/20070320125856/Article/index_html|title=KL pictorial handbook|date=March 20, 2007|accessdate=2007-12-14|publisher=New Straits Times online |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071218215628/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/TravelTimes/article/TravelNews/20070320125856/Article/index_html |archivedate = December 18, 2007}}</ref> ''My Life As a Fake'' by [[Peter Carey (historian)|Peter Carey]], and ''[[Democracy (novel)|Democracy]]'' by Joan Didion.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.answers.com/topic/democracy-novel-2|title=Democracy (Plot Summary)|accessdate=2007-12-14|publisher=Answers.com}}</ref> Kuala Lumpur is mentioned in many songs by local Malaysian artists such as ''Keroncong Kuala Lumpur'' by [[P. Ramlee]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senarai_lagu-lagu_nyanyian_P._Ramlee_dan_Saloma#K|title=P. Ramlee and Saloma's discography|accessdate=2007-12-14|publisher=Malay Wikipedia|language=Malay}}</ref> ''Kuala Lumpur, Ibu Kota'' by [[Saloma]], ''Chow Kit Road'' by [[Sudirman Arshad]], ''Senyumlah Kuala Lumpur'' by [[Alleycats]], ''Streets of Kuala Lumpur'' by Murkyway, ''K.L.'' by Vandal, ''Kuala Lumpur'' by [[Poetic Ammo]], ''Anak Dara'' by [[Azmyl Yunor]], ''KL'' by [[Too Phat]], ''Kotarayaku'' by [[Hujan]] & Altimet, ''Lagu Untuk Kuala Lumpur'' by Tom. Kuala Lumpur, along with Putrajaya, was featured in the music video for the single "[[Dancing Out]]" by South Korean boy band [[Super Junior]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://k-popped.com/2009/06/super-junior-dancing-out-in-malaysia.html|title=Super Junior Dancing Out in Malaysia!|accessdate=2010-08-21|publisher=K-popped}} {{Dead link|date=November 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> Kuala Lumpur was also one of the destinations in [[The Amazing Race Asia]] and [[The Amazing Race]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbs.com/primetime/amazing_race11/shows/ep08/|title=The Amazing Race Episode Recaps|accessdate=2007-12-11|publisher=CBS |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071127030022/http://www.cbs.com/primetime/amazing_race11/shows/ep08/ |archivedate = November 27, 2007}}</ref> Games have also been set in Kuala Lumpur. They include three levels of the game ''[[Hitman 2: Silent Assassin]]'' and two levels of the PlayStation 2 game ''[[Burnout Dominator]]''.

Several commercial radio stations licensed to cover the Great Klang Valley market together with federal government radio stations as list below:
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col" width="100" | Frequency
! scope="col" width="150" | Station
! scope="col" width="150" | Operator
! scope="col" width="130" | Language
! scope="col" width="100" | Genre
|- valign="top"
|87.7&nbsp;MHz||[[Klasik Nasional FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||[[Malay language|Malay]]||[[Music radio|Music]]
|-
|88.1&nbsp;MHz||[[One FM]]||[[Media Prima]]||[[Malaysian Mandarin|Mandarin]],[[Cantonese]]||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|Music]]
|-
|88.5&nbsp;MHz||[[Nasional FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Malay||Music
|-
|88.9&nbsp;MHz||[[Capital FM 88.9|Capital FM]]||[[The Star (Malaysia)|Star RFM Radio]]||[[English language|English]]||Music
|- 
|89.3&nbsp;MHz||[[Ai FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Mandarin, Various [[Chinese language|Chinese]] dialects||Music, Talk
|- 
|89.9&nbsp;MHz||[[BFM 89.9]]||[[BFM Media]]||English||Music, [[News radio|News]], Talk
|- 
|90.3&nbsp;MHz||[[TraXX FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||English||Music, Talk
|- 
|90.7&nbsp;MHz||[[Putra FM]]||[[Universiti Putra Malaysia]]||Malay, English||Music, Talk
|- 
|91.1&nbsp;MHz||[[Asyik FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||[[Jakun language|Jakun]], [[Semai language|Semai]], [[Temiar language|Temiar]]||Music, Talk
|- 
|91.5&nbsp;MHz||[[IKIM.fm]]||Institute of Islamic Studies Malaysia||Malay, English, Arabic||Music, Talk
|- 
|92.3&nbsp;MHz||[[Minnal FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||[[Tamil language|Tamil]]||Music, Talk
|-
|92.9&nbsp;MHz||[[Hitz.fm]]||[[AMP Radio Networks]]||English||Music, Talk
|- 
|93.6&nbsp;MHz||UFM||[[Universiti Teknologi MARA]]||English, Malay||Music, Talk
|-
|93.9&nbsp;MHz||[[Radio24 (Malaysia)|Radio24]]||[[Bernama]]||Malay, English||[[Talk radio|News]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|94.5&nbsp;MHz||[[Mix FM (Malaysia)|Mix FM]]||[[AMP Radio Networks]]||English||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|Music]]
|-
|95.3&nbsp;MHz||[[Nasional FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Malay||[[Music radio|Music]]
|-
|95.8&nbsp;MHz||[[Fly FM]]||[[Media Prima]]||English, Malay||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|96.3&nbsp;MHz||[[Minnal FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Tamil||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|96.7&nbsp;MHz||[[Sinar FM]]||[[AMP Radio Networks]]||Malay||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|97.2&nbsp;MHz||[[KLFM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Malay||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|97.6&nbsp;MHz||[[Hot FM (Malaysia)|Hot FM]]||[[Media Prima]]||Malay||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|98.3&nbsp;MHz||[[Klasik Nasional FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Malay||[[Music radio|Music]]
|-
|98.8&nbsp;MHz||[[988 FM]]||[[The Star (Malaysia)|Star RFM Radio]]||Chinese (Cantonese)||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|99.3&nbsp;MHz||[[THR.fm]](Raaga)||[[AMP Radio Networks]]||Tamil||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|100.1&nbsp;MHz||[[TraXX FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||English||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|100.9&nbsp;MHz||[[Selangor FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Malay||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|101.8&nbsp;MHz||[[MY FM]]||[[AMP Radio Networks]]||Chinese (Cantonese)||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|102.5&nbsp;MHz||Asyik FM and Salam FM||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Orang Asli||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|103.0&nbsp;MHz||Melody FM||[[AMP Radio Networks]]||Chinese||[[Music radio|music]]
|-
|103.3&nbsp;MHz||[[Era FM]]||[[AMP Radio Networks]]||Malay||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|104.1&nbsp;MHz||[[Best 104]]||Suara Johor Sdn.Bhd||Malay||[[Music radio|Music]]
|-
|104.9&nbsp;MHz||[[Red FM (Malaysia)|Red FM]]||[[The Star (Malaysia)|Star RFM Radio]]||English, Malay||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|105.3&nbsp;MHz||[[Suria FM]]||[[The Star (Malaysia)|Star RFM Radio]]||Malay||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|105.7&nbsp;MHz||[[LiteFM]]||[[AMP Radio Networks]]||English||[[Music radio|Music]]
|-
|106.7&nbsp;MHz||[[Ai FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Chinese||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|107.5&nbsp;MHz||[[Pahang FM]]||[[Radio Televisyen Malaysia|RTM]]||Malay||[[Talk radio|Talk]], [[Music radio|music]]
|-
|}

==Transportation==
[[File:Kuala Lumpur railway station (Rawang-Seremban & Sentul-Port Klang Line) (frontal facade), Kuala Lumpur.jpg|thumb|The old Moorish-influenced [[Kuala Lumpur Railway Station|KL train station]] was completed in 1910.]]
[[Image:Jalan ampang.jpg|thumb|left|The busy Jalan Ampang at night leading straight to the [[Petronas Towers]]]]
{{Main|Transportation in Kuala Lumpur|Public transport in Kuala Lumpur}}
[[File:ScaniaK270UB-RapidKL.JPG|thumb|right|180px|Citybus Scania operated by [[Rapid KL]].]]

Unlike most other Asian cities, driving is the main mode of commuting in Kuala Lumpur.<ref name="prasarana" /> Hence, every part of the city is well connected by highways. As capital of [[Malaysia]], Kuala Lumpur has a comprehensive [[List of roads in Kuala Lumpur|road network]] that leads to the rest of [[Peninsular Malaysia]].

In terms of air connectivity, Kuala Lumpur is served by two airports. The main airport, [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]] (KLIA) at Sepang, Selangor, which is also the aviation hub of Malaysia, is located about {{convert|50|km}} south of city. The other airport is [[Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport]], also known as Subang Skypark and served as the main international gateway to Kuala Lumpur from 1965 until KLIA opened in 1998. KLIA connects the city with direct flights to destinations in six continents around the world,<ref>{{cite press release|publisher=National Geographic|url=http://www.ngcasia.com/press/megacities.aspx|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080206130643/http://www.ngcasia.com/press/megacities.aspx|archivedate=2008-02-06|title=Malaysia Airlines Takes Flight to MEGACITIES on National Geographic Channel|accessdate=2007-12-19}}</ref> and is the main hub for the national carrier, [[Malaysia Airlines]] and low-cost carrier, [[AirAsia]]. KLIA can be reached using the [[KLIA Ekspres]] high-speed train service from [[KL Sentral]] which takes twenty-eight&nbsp;minutes,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kliaekspres.com/index3_klia_ekspres.html|title=KLIA Ekspres|publisher=Express Rail Link Sdn Bhd|accessdate=2007-12-13 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071208182658/http://www.kliaekspres.com/index3_klia_ekspres.html |archivedate = December 8, 2007}}</ref> while travelling by car or bus via highway will take about an hour. Air Asia flights do not fly out of KLIA main terminal but from the [[LCC Terminal|Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT)]], which is served by buses from KL Sentral, and is a 20–30 minute taxi ride from the main terminal. As of 2007, Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport is only used for chartered and turboprop flights by airlines such as [[Firefly (airline)|Firefly]] and [[Berjaya Air]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.asianewsdesk.com/2007/11/27/subang-only-for-turbo-props/|title=Subang only for turbo-props|publisher=Asian News Desk|date=2007-11-27|accessdate=2007-12-13}}</ref>

[[Image:Kelana Jaya Line KLCC.jpg|left|thumb|Platform of the [[KLCC LRT station]] along the [[Kelana Jaya Line]] (Putra LRT) in Kuala Lumpur]]
[[Image:KL Sentral at Night.jpg|right|thumb|[[KL Sentral]] at night]]

[[Public transport in Kuala Lumpur]] and the rest of the [[Klang Valley]] covers a variety of [[transport modes]] such as [[bus]], [[Rail transport|rail]] and [[taxicab|taxi]]. Despite efforts to promote usage of public transportation, utilisation rates are low as only 16 percent of the population used public transportation in 2006.<ref name=prasarana>{{cite news|title=Prasarana to buy trains worth RM1.2bil|url=http://besonline.rtm.net.my/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=65671|publisher=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|date=2006-10-13|accessdate=2006-10-22}}</ref> Rail transport in Kuala Lumpur encompasses [[light rail]], [[rapid transit]], [[monorail]] and [[commuter rail]]. Kuala Lumpur is served by three separate rail systems which meet in the city and extend towards other parts of the Klang Valley, namely [[RapidKL Light Rail Transit]], [[KL Monorail]], and [[KTM Komuter]]. These lines have underground, elevated or at-grade stations around the city. The main rapid transit hub is [[KL Sentral]] which facilitates as an interchange station for the rail systems. KL Sentral is also a hub for intercity railway operated by [[KTM Intercity]]. It provides rail services to as far as [[Singapore]] in the south, and [[Hat Yai]], Thailand, in the north.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad|url=http://www.ktmb.com.my/article.asp?id=49|title=Intercity services|accessdate=2007-12-19 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071214084449/http://www.ktmb.com.my/article.asp?id=49 |archivedate = December 14, 2007}}</ref>

The largest public transportation operator in Kuala Lumpur and the Klang Valley is [[RapidKL]].<ref>{{cite speech|title=Launching of the Cyberjaya Dedicated Transportation System|author=Tan Sri Nor Mohamed Yakcop (Minister of Finance II)|url=http://www.treasury.gov.my/index.php?ch=36&pg=126&ac=2128|date=September 10, 2007|location=Cyberjaya|accessdate=2007-12-14}}</ref> Since the take over from Intrakota Komposit Sdn Bhd, RapidKL has redrawn the entire bus network of Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley metropolitan area<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia/1412/article-70087.html |title=Rapid KL to revamp network |publisher=Cleanairnet.org |date=2008-11-14 |accessdate=2010-09-18}}</ref> to increase ridership and improve Kuala Lumpur's public transportation system. The management of RapidKL has adopted the [[hub and spoke]] system to provide greater connectivity, and cut down the need of more buses. RapidKL is also the operator of two light rail lines in Kuala Lumpur and the Klang Valley, namely [[Ampang Line]] and [[Kelana Jaya Line]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.putralrt.com.my/about_us.htm|title=About Us|publisher=RapidKL|accessdate=2007-12-13 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070523022945/http://www.putralrt.com.my/about_us.htm |archivedate = May 23, 2007}}</ref> By 2016, the Sungai Buloh – Kajang Line will be completed providing a faster efficient ride to the city centre.

In Kuala Lumpur, most taxis have distinctive white and red liveries. Kuala Lumpur is one of the major [[ASEAN]] city with taxis extensively running on [[natural gas vehicle|natural gas]]. Taxis can be hailed from [[Taxicab stand|taxi stands]] or from the streets. Nevertheless, taxis are known to charge high rates for foreigners.

Kuala Lumpur is served by [[Port Klang]], located about {{convert|64|km|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of the city. The port is the largest and busiest in the country handling about {{TEU|6.3 million|first=yes}} of cargo in 2006.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=SchedNet|url=http://www.thaishipper.com/Content/Content.asp?Archives=true&ID=19058|date=2007-05-24|title=Port Klang retains top ranking among Malaysia's ports|accessdate=2007-12-19}}</ref>
{{-}}

==International relations==
[[File:Isfahankualalumpur.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Isfahan]] street in Kuala Lumpur]]
<!-- Citations are required as proof that these cities are twinned with Kuala Lumpur. At present, these are unsourced:
* {{flagicon|Australia}} Sydney, Australia
* {{flagicon|China}} Beijing, China According to http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Sister_Cities/Sister_City/, Kuala Lumpur is not a sister city of Beijing.
*{{flagicon|Germany}} Berlin, Germany According to http://www.berlin.de/rbmskzl/staedteverbindungen/staedtepartnerschaft_ueberblick.de.html, Kuala Lumpur is not a sister city of Berlin.
*{{Flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]]
* {{flagicon|Iran}} [[Shiraz]], [[Iran]]
*{{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Los Mochis, Sinaloa|Los Mochis]], Mexico
* {{flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Auckland]], New Zealand
*{{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Karachi]], [[Pakistan]]
*{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Los Baños, Laguna]], [[Philippines]]
* {{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}} [[Dubai]], [[United Arab Emirates]] According to http://www.dubaicityguide.com/site/features/index.asp?id=3149 and http://www.uaeinteract.com/news/default.asp?ID=328, KL is not Dubai's sister city
According to the database of twinning towns from the Local Government International Bureau (UK) (http://www.lga.gov.uk/lga/aio/664175), Kuala Lumpur does not maintain sister city or twin town relations with any location in the United Kingdom.
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} London, United Kingdom
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[Manchester]], United Kingdom
According to http://www.sister-cities.org/directory/USlistingsResults.cfm, Kuala Lumpur is not a sister city of any of the American cities listed below.
* {{flagicon|United States of America}} [[Fresno, California|Fresno]], United States
* {{flagicon|United States of America}} [[Oklahoma City]], [[Oklahoma]], United States
* {{flagicon|United States of America}} [[San Francisco]], [[California]], United States
* {{flagicon|United States of America}} Los Angeles, [[California]], United States
* {{flagicon|United States of America}} New York City, New York, United States -->
Kuala Lumpur has established formal [[town twinning|twinning]] arrangements and diplomatic partnerships with several cities around the world.

{| class="wikitable" "text-align:left;font-size:100%;"|
|-
! ! style="background:#811541; color:white; height:17px; width:120px;"| Country
! ! style="background:#811541; color:white; width:140px;"| City
! ! style="background:#811541; color:white; width:150px;"| Partnership status
! ! style="background:#811541; color:white; width:150px;"| Citation(s)
|- style="color:black; background:white;"
|! !| {{Flag|India}}
|! !| [[Chennai]]
|! !| Sister City
|! !|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://hindu.com/2010/11/26/stories/2010112661760300.htm|title=Chennai, Kuala Lumpur sign sister city pact|accessdate=2010-11-26 | location=Chennai, India|work=The Hindu|date=2010-11-26}}</ref>
|- style="color:black; background:white;"
|! !| {{Flag|India}}
|! !| [[Delhi]]
|! !| Sister city
|! !|<ref name="times_sister">{{cite news|last=Kumar Das|first=Arun|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/15278423.cms|title=Delhi to London, it’s a sister act|publisher=The Times of India|date=2002-07-07|accessdate=2008-08-30}}</ref>
|- style="color:black; background:white;"
|! !| {{Flag|Iran}}
|! !| [[Isfahan]]
|! !| Sister city
|! !|<ref>{{cite web|year=2005|url=http://www.council.isfahan.ir/EStatic/WFESisterhood.aspx |title=Sisterhoods|work=Isfahan Islamic Council|accessdate=2007-12-04 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071012171031/http://council.isfahan.ir/EStatic/WFESisterhood.aspx |archivedate = October 12, 2007}}</ref><ref name="APCS"/>
|- style="color:black; background:white;"
|! !| {{Flag|Iran}}
|! !| [[Mashhad]]
|! !| Sister city
|! !|<ref>{{cite news|title=Mashad-Kuala Lumpur Become Sister cities|date=2006-10-14|url=http://kuala-lumpur-news.newslib.com/story/453-3234431/ |publisher=FARS News Agency|accessdate=2007-12-04}}</ref>
|- style="color:black; background:white;"
|! !| {{Flag|Japan}}
|! !| [[Osaka]]
|! !| Business partner city
|! !|<ref name="APCS"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.city.osaka.lg.jp/seisakukikakushitsu/page/0000040993.html|title=ビジネスパートナー都市 (BPC)|date=2009-12-28|publisher=Osaka City Government|accessdate=2010-09-23|language=Japanese}}</ref>
|- style="color:black; background:white;"
|! !| {{Flag|Malaysia}}
|! !| [[Malacca Town]]
|! !| Sister city
|! !|<ref name="APCS">{{cite web|url=http://www.urc.or.jp/summit/summit/map/more_e.php?id=0605&apcs_mbr=715654f62317576a55d2271bbc82c814|title=About Members: Kuala Lumpur|publisher=Asian-Pacific City Summit|accessdate=2007-11-03}}</ref>
|- style="color:black; background:white;"
|! !| {{Flag|Morocco}}
|! !| [[Casablanca]]
|! !| Sister city
|! !|<ref name="APCS"/>
|- style="color:black; background:white;"
|! !| {{Flag|Turkey}}
|! !| [[Ankara]]
|! !| Sister city
|! !|<ref name="APCS"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ankara-bel.gov.tr/AbbSayfalari/hizmet_birimleri/dis_dairesi_baskanligi/avrupa_gunu_kutlamasi.aspx|title=Kardeş Kentleri Listesi ve 5 Mayıs Avrupa Günü Kutlaması|publisher=Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi|accessdate=2010-09-30|language=Turkish}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Malaysia}}
*[[Greater Kuala Lumpur]]
*[[Klang Valley]]
*[[Putrajaya]]
*[[Multimedia Super Corridor]]
*[[May 13th Incident]]
*[[2005 Malaysian haze]]
*[[2019 Asian Games]]
*[[Kuala Lumpur FA]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons|Kuala Lumpur}}
*[http://www.dbkl.gov.my/ Kuala Lumpur City Hall]
*{{Wikivoyage-inline}}
{{Coord|3.1357|101.688|type:city|display=title}}
{{Good article}}
{{Kuala Lumpur}}
{{Cities in Malaysia}}
{{States and Federal Territories of Malaysia}}
{{List of Asian capitals by region}}
{{Commonwealth Games Host Cities}}
{{World's most populous urban areas}}
{{Geographic location
| North = [[Rawang, Selangor|Rawang]]
| West = [[Petaling Jaya]]
| Centre = Kuala Lumpur
| East = [[Ampang, Kuala Lumpur|Ampang]]
| South = [[Putrajaya]]
}}

[[Category:Kuala Lumpur| ]]
[[Category:Capital districts and territories]]
[[Category:Capitals in Asia]]
[[Category:Federal Territories in Malaysia]]
[[Category:Host cities of the Commonwealth Games]]
[[Category:Klang Valley]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1857]]

{{Link GA|es}}
{{Link FA|ms}}
{{Link GA|id}}