View source for Fenchurch Street railway station

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2012}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2012}}
{{Infobox London station
| name          = Fenchurch Street |symbol=rail
| alt_name      = London Fenchurch Street
| manager       = [[Network Rail]]   
| manager1      =
| manager2      = 
| owner         = 
| owner1        =
| owner2        =
| locale        = [[Fenchurch Street]]
| borough       = [[City of London]]
| platforms     = 4
| fare_zone     = 1
| fare_zone_1   = 
| railcode      = FST
| railcode2     =
| tubecode      =
| image_name    = Fenchurch Street station (6553644825).jpg
| image_alt     =
| caption       = Main entrance on Fenchurch Place
| latitude      = 51.51167
| longitude     = -0.07881
| map_type      = Central London
| label_position= left

| original      = [[London and Blackwall Railway]]
| pregroup      = [[Great Eastern Railway]]
| postgroup     = [[London and North Eastern Railway]]

| years1        = 1841
| years2        = 1854
| years3        = 1935 
| years4        = 
| years5        = 
| years6        = 
| years7        = 
| years8        = 
| years9        = 
| events1       = Opened
| events2       = Rebuilt
| events3       = Remodelled
| events4       =
| events5       =
| events6       =
| events7       =
| events8       =
| events9       =

| listing_detail    = Front block
| listing_grade     = II
| listing_start     = 14 April 1972
| listing_amended   = 
| listing_entry     = 1079149
| listing_reference = <ref>{{ cite web | url= http://list.english-heritage.org.uk/resultsingle.aspx?uid=1079149 | title= The National Heritage List for England | publisher=[[English Heritage]] | accessdate= 12 November 2012 }}</ref>

| railexits0203 =
| railexits0304 = <!--
| railexits0405 = {{increase}} 16.086 
| railexits0506 = {{decrease}} 15.746 
| railexits0607 = {{decrease}} 15.189 -->
| railexits0708 = {{increase}} 15.976
| railexits0809 = {{decrease}} 15.676
| railexits0910 = {{decrease}} 15.093
| railexits1011 = {{increase}} 16.675
| railint0203   =
| railint0304   =
| railint0405   =
| railint0506   =
| railint0607   =
| railint0708   =
| tubeexits03   =
| tubeexits04   =
| tubeexits05   =
| tubeexits06   =
| tubeexits07   =
| tubeexits08   =

| interchange   = [[Aldgate tube station|Aldgate]]
| interchange1  = [[Bank–Monument station|Bank]]
| interchange2  = [[Liverpool Street station|Liverpool Street]] (NR)
| interchange3  = [[Bank–Monument station|Monument]]
| interchange4  = [[Tower Gateway DLR station|Tower Gateway]] (DLR)
| interchange5  = [[Tower Hill tube station|Tower Hill]]
| interchange_note = <ref>{{citation London station interchange May 2010}}</ref>

}}
'''Fenchurch Street railway station''',<ref name=network_rail>{{ cite web | url =http://www.networkrail.co.uk/aspx/765.aspx | title=Stations Run by Network Rail | year= | author= | publisher =[[Network Rail]] | accessdate=2009-08-23}}</ref> also known as '''London Fenchurch Street''',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/FST/details.html |title=Station facilities for London Fenchurch Street |work=National Rail Enquiries |accessdate=29 May 2013 }}</ref> is a [[London station group|central London railway terminus]] located on Fenchurch Place, off [[Fenchurch Street]], in the southeastern corner of the [[City of London]]. It is one of the smallest railway termini in London in terms of platforms but one of the most intensively operated.

Uniquely among London termini, Fenchurch Street does not have a direct link to the [[London Underground]], although a secondary entrance on Cooper's Row (also known as the Tower entrance) is close to [[Tower Hill tube station]] and [[Tower Gateway DLR station]], while [[Aldgate tube station]] is also nearby. It is one of 17 railway stations in the United Kingdom managed by [[Network Rail]].<ref>[http://www.networkrail.co.uk/stations/ Stations managed by Network Rail], [[Network Rail]], retrieved 2005-04-01.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/eNRT/May13/Commercial_Information.pdf |title=Commercial information |month=May |year=2013 |work=Complete National Rail Timetable |publisher=Network Rail |location=London |page=43 |accessdate=5 June 2013 }}</ref>

==Design==
{{unreferenced section|date=October 2012}}

The station [[facade|façade]] is of grey stock brick and has a rounded [[gable]] roof. In the 1870s a flat awning over the entrance was replaced with the zig-zag [[canopy (building)|canopy]] seen today. Above, the first floor facade has 11 round-arched windows, and above these is the station [[clock]].

The station has four platforms arranged on two islands elevated on a [[viaduct]]. The station operates at capacity, especially during peak hours. To avoid overcrowding of the station, trains arriving during the morning peak period use alternate island platforms whenever possible. Office blocks (including the 15-storey One America Square) have been built above the station platforms in two places with only one short section of canopied platform and another short section of exposed platform.

The station has two exits: a main entrance to Fenchurch Place, just off [[Fenchurch Street]] itself, and another on Cooper's Row with access to the nearby Tower Hill tube station. The main station concourse is arranged on two levels connected by stairs, escalators and lifts. There is a ticket office and automatic ticket barriers at each entrance and retail outlets located on both levels of the station.

==History==
[[File:Fenchurch Street Station 2035795 5ec533e7.jpg|thumb|left|View westward towards the City end of the station, in May 1961.]]
The station was the first to be constructed inside the City of London; the original was designed by [[William Tite]] and opened on 20 July 1841<ref>[http://www.networkrail.co.uk/aspx/831.aspx NetworkRail.co.uk] &ndash; Fenchurch Street</ref> for the [[London and Blackwall Railway]] (L&BR), replacing a nearby terminus at [[Minories railway station|Minories]] that had opened in July 1840.

The station was rebuilt in 1854, following a design by [[George Berkley (engineer)|George Berkley]], adding a [[Vault (architecture)|vaulted]] roof and the main façade. The station became the London terminus of the [[London, Tilbury and Southend Railway]] (LT&SR) in 1858; additionally, from 1850 until the opening of [[Broad Street railway station (London)|Broad Street station]] in 1865 it was also the City terminus of the [[North London Railway]]. The [[Great Eastern Railway]] (GER) used the station as an alternative to an increasingly overcrowded [[Liverpool Street station|station at Liverpool Street]] for the last part of the 19th and first half of the 20th century over the routes of the former [[Eastern Counties Railway]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=42703 | publisher=A History of the County of Essex: Volume 5 | title=Economic influences on growth: Local transport | year=1966 |accessdate=2008-03-19}}</ref> The L&BR effectively closed in 1926 after the cessation of passenger services east of [[Limehouse station|Stepney]]. When the former Eastern Counties lines transferred to the [[Central line]] in 1948 the LT&SR became the sole user of the station.

Fenchurch Street station was the location of the first railway bookstall in the City of London, operated by William Marshall.

===Connection to the Underground===
In the 1970s Fenchurch Street was considered an integral part of the proposed [[Jubilee line|Fleet line]]. This would have brought it into the [[London Underground]] network. An extension from the end of the existing track terminus at [[Charing Cross railway station|Charing Cross]] to Fenchurch Street via Aldwych and Ludgate Circus would then have seen the line go on to a destination in east London, most probably via a new station at [[St Katharine Docks]]. Political wrangling delayed the extension, despite being considered the highest priority transport project in the city, and when in 1999 the extension was finally completed as part of the [[Jubilee line]] the route did not go through Fenchurch Street but instead went south of the [[River Thames]] before cutting back northwards at North Greenwich. Fenchurch Street remains isolated from the London Underground network, although within close walking distance of [[Tower Hill tube station]] and is shown on the [[Tube map]] next to Tower Hill's marker. The station is served by [[London Buses]] route 40.

==Services==
Since 2006 Fenchurch Street is served by the [[c2c]] operator, with services towards east London and south [[Essex]]. The typical off-peak service consists of eight trains per hour (tph) arriving and departing Fenchurch Street:

{| class="wikitable"
! tph || Destination || Route || Stopping pattern
|-
| 2 || [[Shoeburyness railway station|Shoeburyness]] || via [[Basildon railway station|Basildon]] || not stopping at Limehouse, West Horndon or Pitsea
|- 
| 2 || Shoeburyness || via Basildon || all stations 
|-
| 2 || [[Southend Central railway station|Southend Central]] || via [[Ockendon railway station|Ockendon]] || all stations
|-
| 2 || [[Grays railway station|Grays]] || via [[Rainham railway station (London)|Rainham]] || all stations
|}

During peak periods services are increased to approximately 20 tph with some trains operating between Laindon and London while others run non-stop to and from Benfleet.
{{rail start}}
{{rail line||previous=|next=[[Limehouse station|Limehouse]]|route=[[c2c]]<br><small>[[London, Tilbury and Southend Railway|London, Tilbury & Southend Line]]</small>
|col={{C2C colour}}}}
{{end}}

==Cultural references==
{{unreferenced section|date=October 2012}}
*Fenchurch Street is one of the four railway stations featured on the standard UK [[Monopoly (game)|Monopoly]] board. The others are [[Liverpool Street station|Liverpool Street]], [[Marylebone station|Marylebone]] and [[London King's Cross railway station|King's Cross]].

*The character [[Minor characters from The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy#Fenchurch|Fenchurch]] in [[Douglas Adams]]' ''[[So Long, and Thanks for All the Fish]]'' was named after Fenchurch Street station, where she was conceived in the ticket queue.

*The name of the clothing brand [[Fenchurch (clothing)|Fenchurch]] is derived from the station.

*In [[Jerome K. Jerome]]'s novel ''[[Three Men on the Bummel]]'', the characters start their journey in Fenchurch Street station.

*In the 2005 film ''[[Green Street]]'', Fenchurch Street is used to represent [[Manchester Piccadilly]] station.

*In the Book ''[[Dracula]]'', by Bram Stoker, Dr. John Seward and Mrs. Mina Harker take the Underground to Fenchurch Street after they have met for the first time.

<gallery>
File:Fenchurch_crosswall.jpg|Cooper's Row entrance for access to [[Tower Hill tube station]]
File:C2c 357037 at Fenchurch Street 02.jpg|Platform at Fenchurch Street
File:Fenchurch Street stn signage.JPG|Platform sign
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Fenchurch Street railway station}}
*[http://www.networkrail.co.uk/aspx/831.aspx Station information] on Fenchurch Street railway station from [[Network Rail]]
{{stn art lnk|FST|EC3M4AJ}}

{{Transport in London}}
{{Major railway stations in Britain}}
{{London and Blackwall Railway nav box}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fenchurch Street Railway Station}}
[[Category:Railway termini in London]]
[[Category:Railway stations in the City of London]]
[[Category:Network Rail managed stations]]
[[Category:Railway stations opened in 1841]]
[[Category:Railway stations served by c2c]]
[[Category:Former London and Blackwall Railway stations]]
[[Category:DfT Category A stations]]