View source for Kalvari-class submarine (2015)

:''This article is about the modern [[Scorpène-class submarine]] variant; see [[Kalvari-class submarine (1967)]] for its namesake [[Foxtrot-class submarine|Foxtrot-class]] predecessors.''
{{EngvarB|date=May 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image= [[File:INS Kalvari Sea Trial.JPG|300px]]
|Ship caption=INS ''Kalvari'' during sea trials
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name= ''Kalvari'' class
|Builders= [[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
|Operators= {{navy|India}}
|Class before= 
|Class after=[[Project 75I-class submarine]]
|Subclasses= 
|Cost= 
|Built range=
|In service range=
|In commission range= March 2017
|Total ships planned= 6<ref>{{cite web|title=India Drops Plans to Add 3 More French Stealth Attack Submarines|url=http://thediplomat.com/2016/09/india-drops-plans-to-add-3-more-french-stealth-attack-submarines/|website=The Diplomat|accessdate=9 September 2016}}</ref>
|Total ships completed= 2 
|Total ships building= 4 
|Total ships cancelled= 
|Total ships active=
|Total ships laid up=
|Total ships lost= 
|Total ships retired =
|Total ships preserved = 
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header= 
|Header caption= 
|Ship type= [[Attack submarine]]
|Ship displacement= {{convert|1,870|t|ST}} (AM-2000)
|Ship length= {{convert|61.7|m|ft|abbr=on}} (AM-2000) 
|Ship beam= {{convert|6.2|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught= {{convert|5.8|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion= Diesel-electric, batteries, and AIP
|Ship speed=*{{convert|20|kn|km/h|lk=in}} (submerged)
*{{convert|12|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} (surfaced)
|Ship range=*{{convert|6500|nmi|km|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|8|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} (surfaced)
*{{convert|550|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|5|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} (submerged)
|Ship endurance=*40 days (compact)
*50 days (normal)
*50+21 days (AIP)
|Ship test depth= {{convert|350|m|ft}} <ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.dcnsgroup.com/naval/products/scorpene |title=Scorpene 1000 |publisher=DCNS |accessdate=8 April 2015}}</ref>
|Ship complement= 31
|Ship sensors= 
|Ship EW= 
|Ship armament=6 x {{convert|533|mm|in|abbr=on|0}} [[torpedo tube]]s for 18 heavyweight torpedoes/Varunastra torpedo or SM.39 [[Exocet]] antiship missiles, 30 [[Naval mine|mines]] in place of torpedoes
|Ship armour=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

The '''''Kalvari'' class''' is a [[ship class|class]] of [[submarine]]s based on the {{sclass2-|Scorpène|submarine|1}} being built for the [[Indian Navy]]. It is a class of [[diesel-electric]] [[attack submarine]] which is designed by French ''naval defence and energy'' company [[DCNS (company)|DCNS]] and being manufactured by [[Mazagon Dock Limited]] in [[Mumbai]].

==Project history==
In 2005, India chose the {{sclass2-|Scorpène|submarine|5}} design; purchasing six submarines for US$3 billion ($500 million per boat) under Project 75 (P75). The project was necessitated by the dwindling number of submarines in the Indian Navy. Indian Navy needed replacement for the older {{sclass-|Sindhughosh|submarine|5}} (Kilo) and {{sclass-|Shishumar|submarine|5}} (U209) class of submarines. The Scorpène design won the deal, defeating the rival U214 because of the capability to fire [[Exocet]] anti-ship missiles and an agreement on the [[air-independent propulsion]] (AIP).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defense-aerospace.com/article-view/feature/62798/exocet-missiles,-aip-swing-india-submarine-order.html |title=Exocet Missiles, AIP Swing India Submarine Order |publisher=defense-aerospace.com |date=13 September 2005 |accessdate=8 April 2015}}</ref> The submarines are to be manufactured under a technology transfer agreement by the state-owned [[Mazagon Dock Limited|Mazagon Docks]] in [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{cite news|url = http://www.deccanherald.com/content/427979/first-scorpene-submarine-become-reality.html |title = First Scorpene submarine to become reality soon |date = 27 August 2014|accessdate =8 April 2015 |work =Deccan Herald}}</ref> India plans to incorporate the DRDO-developed air independent propulsion (AIP) system onto the last two submarines being built and also to equip the P75I submarines, of which the DCNS is participating in the tender process.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/drdo-developing-onboard-equipment-monitoring-system-for-submarines/article5826308.ece |title=DRDO developing onboard equipment monitoring system for submarines |work=The Hindu |date=25 March 2014 |accessdate=8 April 2015 |last=Anandan |first=S.}}</ref>

Construction of the first submarine started on 23 May 2009. The project is running four years behind schedule. Once the new government under Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] took over, the project was reviewed and necessary action was taken to make up for the delay.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">{{cite news|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Defence-minister-Arun-Jaitley-reviews-delayed-Scorpene-submarine-project/articleshow/41039868.cms|title = Defence minister Arun Jaitley reviews delayed Scorpene submarine project|date =28 August 2014|accessdate =8 April 2014 |work=The Times of India |last =Pandit |first =Ranjat }}</ref>

It was reported in November 2014, that the DRDO-developed AIP system for the last two Scorpène submarines for the Indian Navy has been developed and is ready for testing in February 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://defenceradar.com/2014/11/03/indian-built-scorpene-to-carry-critical-drdo-system-air-independent-propulsion/|title = Indian-built Scorpene to carry critical DRDO system (Air Independent Propulsion) |publisher=DefenceRadar.com|date =  3 November 2014 |accessdate=8 April 2015}}</ref> The government was finalizing an order for additional three more Kalvari class submarines but in September 2016, the NDA government decided not to buy them.<ref>{{cite web|title = India To Purchase 3 More French ‘Scorpene’ Submarines|url = http://inserbia.info/today/2015/12/india-to-purchase-3-more-french-scorpene-submarines/|website = InSerbia News|accessdate = 2015-12-25|language = en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-finalizing-plans-to-order-three-more-Scorpene-submarines/articleshow/50035641.cms|title=India finalizing plans to order three more Scorpene submarines - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=2016-03-31}}</ref>

The first Scorpène submarine, INS ''Kalvari'' (named after a deep sea tiger shark),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/parrikar-undocks-scorpene-sub/63945.html |title=Parrikar undocks Scorpene sub |last=Banerjee |first=Ajay |work=The Tribune |date=6 April 2015 |accessdate=8 April 2015}}</ref> was undocked from the pontoon on 6 April 2015 and launched on 28 October 2015. It completed the Basin trials and Harbor acceptance trials in April 2016 and commenced sea trials on 1 May 2016.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/content/maiden-sea-trial-kalvari-first-scorpene-class-submarine|title=Maiden Sea Trial of Kalvari - First Scorpene Class Submarine {{!}} Indian Navy|website=indiannavy.nic.in|access-date=2016-05-05}}</ref>

The Indian Navy's USD300 million purchase of 98 torpedoes from WASS (a Finmeccanica/Leonardo company) remains suspended, as it is linked to the ongoing investigation into the EUR750 million (USD861 million) import of 12 AW101 helicopters from AgustaWestland (a Finmeccanica company facing corruption charges).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/article/59944/india-s-first-scorpene-boat-begins-sea-trials-without-primary-weapons|title=India's first Scorpene boat begins sea trials without primary weapons {{!}} IHS Jane's 360|website=Janes.com|access-date=2016-05-05}}</ref> The Defense minister Manohar Parikkar under the new NDA government, said that the torpedoes for the submarine will be procured from other companies.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/manohar-parrikar-agustawestland-bjp-two-years-anniversary-rafale-deal-defence-minister-defence-procurement-2815916/ |title=Manohar Parrikar interview: ‘I believe in performance, not dressing up’ |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |date= |accessdate=2017-01-02}}</ref> The submarine will able to be armed with MBDA's tube-launched Exocet SM-39 anti-ship missiles. The SeaHake torpedoes from Germany's Atlas Elektronik and France's F21 torpedoes may be considered.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://businessworld.in/article/India-Has-Alternative-For-Finmeccanica-Torpedos-Says-Parrikar/29-05-2016-98541/ |title=India Has Alternative For Finmeccanica Torpedos Says Parrikar |website=Businessworld.in |date=2016-05-29 |accessdate=2017-01-02}}</ref> Indigenous torpedos are under development by the DRDO and await testing. DRDO is given the go ahead to make indigenous torpedoes for both Scorpene class and Kilo class of submarines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/555157/drdo-gets-nod-make-torpedoes.html|title=DRDO gets nod to make torpedoes for Indian submarines|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=2016-07-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/nstl-to-develop-opticguided-heavyweight-torpedoes/article8908667.ece|title=NSTL to develop optic-guided heavyweight torpedoes|date=2016-07-28|newspaper=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|access-date=2016-07-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asianage.com/metros/mumbai/020117/indian-navy-gears-up-to-induct-more-submarines-warships-in-2017.html|title=Indian Navy gears up to induct more submarines, warships in 2017|date=2 January 2017|publisher=}}</ref>

==Ships of the class==
The hull fabrication of all six submarines is now complete. The first Scorpène submarine was delivered in September 2016, delivery of successive boats have been compressed to nine months and the project is expected to be completed by 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title = ‘We see a bright future for defence ship construction’|url = http://www.financialexpress.com/article/industry/companies/we-see-a-bright-future-for-defence-ship-construction/186748/|website = The Financial Express|date = 2016-01-02|accessdate = 2016-01-02}}</ref>
{| style="font-size:97%;" class="wikitable"
|-
! Name
! Pennant
! Builder
! Homeport
! Launched
! Commissioned
! Status
|-
| colspan="7" |'''Flight I (Without AIP)'''<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/india-to-make-additional-scorpene-subs-parrikar/207803.html |title=India to make additional Scorpene subs: Parrikar |website=Tribuneindia.com |date=2016-03-12 |accessdate=2017-01-02}}</ref>
|-
|{{INS|Kalvari|S50|6}}
|S50
| rowspan="4" |[[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
|
| 28 October 2015<ref name=":1" />
| March 2017 (expected)<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=http://www.asianage.com/metros/mumbai/020117/indian-navy-gears-up-to-induct-more-submarines-warships-in-2017.html|title=Indian Navy gears up to induct more submarines, warships in 2017|newspaper=The Asian Age|access-date=2017-01-02}}</ref>
| In sea trials
|-
|{{INS|Khanderi|S51|6}}
|S51
|
|12 January 2017<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/second-scorpene-class-submarine-khanderi-to-be-launched-on-jan-12/articleshow/56421928.cms|title=Second Scorpene class submarine Khanderi to be launched on Jan 12|newspaper=The Economic Times|access-date=2017-01-09}}</ref>
|December 2017 (expected)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Second-Scorpene-submarine-ready/article17014232.ece|title=Second Scorpene submarine ready |newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=2017-01-10}}</ref> 
|Launched
|-
|{{INS|Vela|S52|6}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/indian-navy-to-induct-scorpene-class-submarines-kalvari-and-khanderi-this-year-rear-admiral-mohit-gupta/515532/|title=Indian Navy to induct Scorpene class submarines Kalvari and Khanderi this year: Rear Admiral Mohit Gupta|date=2017-01-20|newspaper=The Financial Express|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-20}}</ref>
|S52
|
|
|
|Under-construction
|-
|S53
|S53
|
|
|
|Under-construction
|-
| colspan="7" |'''Flight II(With AIP)'''<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/ins-arihant-undergoing-sea-trials-report-675111|title=INS Arihant is undergoing sea trials: Report|website=International Business Times, India Edition|language=en|access-date=2016-06-20}}</ref>
|-
|S54
|S54
| rowspan="2" |[[Mazagon Dock Limited]]
|
|
|
|Under-construction
|-
|S55
|S55
|
|
|
|Under-construction
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Ship classes of the Indian Navy}}
{{Submarines of Indian Navy}}

[[Category:Kalvari-class submarines]]
[[Category:Submarine classes]]
[[Category:2010s ships]]