View source for Baybayin

{{Infobox writing system
 |name=Baybayin<br/ >Badlit
 |altname = {{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜌ᜔ᜊᜌᜒᜈ᜔}}<br/ >{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜇ᜔ᜎᜒᜆ᜔}}
 |type=[[Abugida]]
 |languages=[[Bikol languages|Bikol]], [[Ilocano language|Ilocano]], [[Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]], [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]], [[Visayan languages|Visayan]], other [[Philippine languages]]
|fam1=[[Proto-Sinaitic script]]
|fam2=[[Phoenician alphabet]]
|fam3=[[Aramaic alphabet]]
|fam4=[[Brahmi script|Brahmi]]
|fam5=[[Grantha alphabet|Grantha]] or [[Pallava alphabet|Pallava]]
|fam6=[[Kawi script]]
|sisters=Directly related modern alphabets:
<br/>[[Buhid alphabet|Buhid]]<br />[[Hanunó'o alphabet|Hanunó'o]]<br />[[Tagbanwa alphabet|Tagbanwa]]<br />[[Kulitan alphabet|Kulitan]]<br />Other family relationships unclear. Sister alphabets on hypothesis of common Kawi origin:
[[Balinese alphabet|Balinese]]<br />[[Batak alphabet|Batak]]<br />[[Javanese script|Javanese]]<br />[[Lontara alphabet|Lontara]]<br />[[Sundanese alphabet|Sundanese]]<br />[[Rencong alphabet|Rencong]]<br />[[Rejang alphabet|Rejang]]
 |time=c. 13th century–18th century<ref name=bay>{{cite web |title=Tagalog (Baybayin) |url=http://scriptsource.org/cms/scripts/page.php?item_id=script_detail&key=Tglg |publisher=SIL International |accessdate=October 10, 2014}}</ref><ref name=tglg>{{cite web |title=Tagalog |url=http://www.ancientscripts.com/tagalog.html |accessdate=October 10, 2014}}</ref>
 |unicode=[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1700.pdf U+1700&ndash;U+171F]
 |iso15924=Tglg
 |sample=BaybayinSample.svg
 |imagesize=250px
}}
{{Contains Baybayin text}}

'''Baybayin''' ({{IPA-tl|baɪˈbaɪjɪn}}; Pre-kudlit: {{Script|Tglg| ᜊᜊᜌᜒ}}, Post-kudlit: {{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜌ᜔ᜊᜌᜒᜈ᜔}}; known in [[Visayan languages|Visayan]] as '''badlit''' ({{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜇ᜔ᜎᜒᜆ᜔}}), known in [[Ilocano language|Ilocano]] as '''kur-itan/kurditan''', and known in [[Kapampangan language|Kapampangan]] as '''kudlitan''', is an [[ancient Philippine scripts|ancient Philippine script]] derived from [[Brahmic scripts]] of India and first recorded in the 16th century.<ref name="baybayin">{{Cite web | last = Morrow | first = Paul | url = http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/bayeng1.htm | publisher = MTS | title = Baybayin, the Ancient Philippine script | accessdate = September 4, 2008 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/5rpLR9aNS?url=http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/bayeng1.htm | archivedate = August 8, 2010 | df =  }}.</ref> It continued to be used during the early part of the [[History of the Philippines (1521–1898)|Spanish colonization of the Philippines]] until largely being supplanted by usage of the Latin alphabet. The alphabet is well known because it was carefully documented by [[Roman Catholicism in the Philippines|Catholic clergy living in the Philippines]] during the colonial era.

The term ''baybay'' literally means "to spell" or "to write" in [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]]. Baybayin was extensively documented by the Spanish.{{Sfn |Scott|1984|pp= 57–58}} Some have incorrectly attributed the name ''Alibata'' to it,<ref>{{cite book | first = Mc | last = Halili| title= Philippine history| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=gUt5v8ET4QYC | year =2004|publisher=Rex |isbn=978-971-23-3934-9|page = [https://books.google.com/books?id=gUt5v8ET4QYC&pg=PA47 47]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| first =C | last = Duka|title=Struggle for Freedom' 2008 Ed.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4wk8yqCEmJUC|year=2008|publisher=Rex |isbn=978-971-23-5045-0 | pages =[https://books.google.com/books?id=4wk8yqCEmJUC&pg=PA32 32–33]}}</ref> but that term was coined by Paul Rodríguez Verzosa<ref name = "baybayin" /> after the arrangement of letters of the [[Arabic alphabet]] (alif, ba, ta (alibata), "f" having been eliminated for euphony's sake).<ref name="AlibataBaybayin">{{Citation |url=http://www.baybayin.com/tutorials/baybayin-history/ |title=Baybayin History |publisher=Baybayin |accessdate=May 23, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611000944/http://www.baybayin.com/tutorials/baybayin-history/ |archivedate=June 11, 2010 |df= }}.</ref>

Other Brahmic scripts used currently among different [[ethnic groups in the Philippines]] are [[Buhid alphabet|Buhid]], [[Hanunó'o alphabet|Hanunó'o]], [[Kulitan alphabet|Kulitan]] and [[Tagbanwa alphabet|Tagbanwa]].

Baybayin is one of a number of individual writing systems used in [[Southeast Asia]], nearly all of which are [[abugida]]s where any consonant is pronounced with the inherent vowel ''a'' following it—[[diacritic]]s being used to express other vowels (this vowel occurs with greatest frequency in Sanskrit, and also probably in all Philippine languages). Many of these writing systems descended from ancient alphabets used in India over 2000 years ago. Although Baybayin does share some similarities with these ancient alphabets,{{clarify|date=February 2016}} there is evidence to suggest that it is older than pre-Spanish rule.<ref name = "baybayin" />

The [[Archives of the University of Santo Tomas]] in Manila, one of the largest archives in the Philippines, currently possesses the world’s biggest collection of ancient writings in Baybayin script.<ref name=ustwebsite>{{Citation|url=http://www.ust.edu.ph/index.php/landmarks/835-ust-archives.html |publisher=University of Santo Tomas |title=Archives |accessdate=June 17, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524083452/http://www.ust.edu.ph/index.php/landmarks/835-ust-archives.html |archivedate=May 24, 2013 |df= }}.</ref><ref name=baybay>{{Citation | url = http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/31257/ust-collection-of-ancient-scripts-in-%E2%80%98baybayin%E2%80%99-syllabary-shown-to-public | title = UST collection of ancient scripts in ‘baybayin’ syllabary shown to public | newspaper = Inquirer | accessdate = June 17, 2012}}.</ref><ref name=ustbaybayin>{{Citation | url = http://www.baybayin.com/ust-baybayin-collection-shown-to-public/ | title = UST Baybayin collection shown to public | publisher = Baybayin | accessdate = June 18, 2012 }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.</ref> The chambers which house the scripts are part of a tentative nomination to [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage List]] that is still being deliberated on, along with the entire campus of the [[University of Santo Tomas]].

==Overview==
{{main article|Old Tagalog}}
{{see also|Religion in pre-colonial Philippines|Indosphere|Indianisation (disambiguation){{!}}Indianisation|List of India-related topics in the Philippines}}

===Origins===

Baybayin was noted by the Spanish priest Pedro Chirino in 1604 and Antonio de Morga in 1609 to be known by most Filipinos, and was generally used for personal writings, poetry, etc. However, according to [[William Henry Scott (historian)|William Henry Scott]], there were some [[datus]] from the 1590s who could not sign affidavits or oaths, and witnesses who could not sign land deeds in the 1620s.<ref>{{Harvnb|Scott|1984|p=210}}</ref> There are at least six theories about the origins of Baybayin.

====Influence of Greater India====
{{See also | List_of_loanwords_in_Tagalog#Sanskrit | label 1 = Indian Sanskrit loanwords in Tagalog }} 

Historically [[Southeast Asia]] was under the influence of [[Greater India|Ancient India]], where numerous [[Indianized kingdom|Indianized principalities]] and empires flourhised for several centuries in Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Cambodia and Vietnam. The influence of Indian culture into these areas was given the term ''indianization''.<ref name=acharya>{{cite web|last1=Acharya|first1=Amitav|title=The “Indianization of Southeast Asia” Revisited: Initiative, Adaptation and Transformation in Classical Civilizations|url=http://www.amitavacharya.com/sites/default/files/Indianisation%20of%20Southeast%20Asia%20Revisited.pdf|website=amitavacharya.com}}</ref> French archaeologist, [[George Coedes]], defined it as the expansion of an organized culture that was framed upon Indian originations of royalty, [[Hinduism]] and [[Buddhist|Buddhism]] and the [[sanskritization|Sanskrit dialect]].<ref name=coedes>{{cite book|last1=Coedes|first1=George|title=The Indianized States of Southeast Asia|date=1967|publisher=Australian National University Press}}</ref> This can be seen in the  [[Indianization of Southeast Asia]], [[Hinduism in Southeast Asia|spread of Hinduism]] and [[Silk Road transmission of Buddhism|Buddhism]]. [[Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin|Indian diaspora]], both ancient (PIO) and current (NRI), played an ongoing key role as professionals, traders, priests and warriors.<ref name=lukas>{{cite journal|last1=Lukas|first1=Helmut|title=1 THEORIES OF INDIANIZATIONExemplified by Selected Case Studies from Indonesia (Insular Southeast Asia)|journal=International SanskritConference|date=May 21-23, 2001|url=https://www.academia.edu/4803585/THEORIES_OF_INDIANIZATION_Exemplified_by_Selected_Case_Studies_from_Indonesia_Insular_Southeast_Asia_}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Krom|first1=N.J.|title=Barabudur, Archeological Description|date=1927|publisher=The Hague}}</ref><ref name=smith>{{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=Monica L.|title="INDIANIZATION" FROM THE INDIAN POINT OF VIEW:  TRADE AND CULTURAL CONTACTS WITH SOUTHEAST ASIA  IN THE EARLY FIRST MILLENNIUM C.E.')|journal=Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient,|date=1999|volume=42.|issue=11-17|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3632296.pdf?refreqid=excelsior:e8470f1287b427b6d257304609f21e13}}</ref><ref name=smith>{{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=Monica L.|title="INDIANIZATION" FROM THE INDIAN POINT OF VIEW:  TRADE AND CULTURAL CONTACTS WITH SOUTHEAST ASIA  IN THE EARLY FIRST MILLENNIUM C.E.')|journal=Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient,|date=1999|volume=42.|issue=11-17|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3632296.pdf?refreqid=excelsior:e8470f1287b427b6d257304609f21e13}}</ref> [[Indian honorifics]] also influenced the [[Malay styles and titles|Malay]], [[Thai royal and noble titles|Thai]], [[Filipino styles and honorifics|Filipino]] and [[Indonesian_names#Honorifics|Indonesian]] honorifics.<ref name=tit1>Krishna Chandra Sagar, 2002, An Era of Peace, Page 52.</ref> Examples of these include Raja, Rani, Maharlika, Datu, etc which were transmitted from Indian culture to Philippines via Malays and [[Srivijaya empire]].

[[Laguna Copperplate Inscription]], a legal document inscribed on a copper plate in 900 AD, is the earliest known written document found in the Philippines, is written n Indian [[Sanskrit]] and [[Brahmi script]] based Indonesian [[Kawi script]].<ref>{{cite book | title = Early Kingdoms of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Malay Peninsula | first = Paul Michel | last = Munoz | publisher = Continental Sales, Incorporated | year = 2006 | isbn = 9789814155670 |url = https://books.google.co.id/books?redir_esc=y&hl=id&id=NqwuAQAAIAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Philippines  | page = 236 }}</ref>

==== Kawi ====
The [[Kawi script]] originated in [[Java (island)|Java]], and was used across much of [[Maritime Southeast Asia]].

[[Image:Laguna Copperplate Inscription.gif|thumb|left| The [[Laguna Copperplate Inscription]] is the earliest known written document found in the Philippines]]

It is a legal document with the inscribed date of Saka era 822, corresponding to April 21, 900 AD [[Laguna Copperplate Inscription]].  It was written in the Kawi script in a variety of [[Old Malay]] containing numerous loanwords from Sanskrit and a few non-Malay vocabulary elements whose origin is ambiguous between [[Old Javanese]] and [[Old Tagalog]].  One hypothesis therefore reasons that, since Kawi is the earliest attestation of writing on the Philippines, then Baybayin may be descended from Kawi.

A second example of Kawi script can be seen on the [[Kawi script|Butuan Ivory Seal]], though it has not been dated.

An earthenware burial jar, called the "Calatagan Pot," found in [[Calatagan, Batangas|Batangas]] is inscribed with characters strikingly similar to Baybayin, and is claimed to have been inscribed ca. 1300 AD.  However, its authenticity has not yet been proven.

Many of the writing systems of Southeast Asia descended from ancient scripts used in India over 2000 years ago. Although Baybayin shares some important features with these scripts, such as all the consonants being pronounced with the vowel a and the use of special marks to change this sound, there is no evidence that it is so old.

The shapes of the baybayin characters bear a slight resemblance to the ancient Kavi script of Java, Indonesia, which fell into disuse in the 15th century. However, as mentioned earlier in the Spanish accounts, the advent of the Baybayin in the Philippines was considered a fairly recent event in the 16th century and the Filipinos at that time believed that their Baybayin came from [[Borneo]].

This theory is supported by the fact that the Baybayin script could not show syllable final consonants, which are very common in most Philippine languages. (See Final Consonants) This indicates that the script was recently acquired and had not yet been modified to suit the needs of its new users. Also, this same shortcoming in the Baybayin was a normal trait of the script and language of the Bugis people of [[Sulawesi]], which is directly south of the Philippines and directly east of Borneo. Thus most scholars believe that the Baybayin may have descended from the Buginese script or, more likely, a related lost script from the island of Sulawesi.

Although one of [[Ferdinand Magellan]]'s shipmates, [[Antonio Pigafetta]], wrote that the people of the Visayas were not literate in 1521, the Baybayin had already arrived there by 1567 when [[Miguel López de Legazpi]] reported that, “They [the Visayans] have their letters and characters like those of the [[Malays (ethnic group)|Malays]], from whom they learned them.” B1 Then, a century later [[Francisco Alcina]] wrote about:

The characters of these natives, or, better said, those that have been in use for a few years in these parts, an art which was communicated to them from the Tagalogs, and the latter learned it from the Borneans who came from the great island of Borneo to [[Manila]], with whom they have considerable traffic...
From these Borneans the Tagalogs learned their characters, and from them the Visayans, so they call them Moro characters or letters because the Moros taught them... [the Visayans] learned [the Moros'] letters, which many use today, and the women much more than the men, which they write and read more readily than the latter.<ref name = "Baybayin"/>

But other sources say that the Visayans derived their writing system from those of [[Toba Batak people|Toba]], Borneo, Celebes, Ancient Java, and from the Edicts of the ancient Indian emperor [[Ashoka]].<ref>[https://archive.org/details/lasislasvisayase00reye Isabelo de los Reyes y Florentino, ''Las Islas Visayas en la Época de la Conquista'' (Segunda edición), Manila: 1889, Tipo-Litografía de Chofké  y C.a, p. 82.] </ref>

==== Old Sumatran "Malay" scripts ====
Another hypothesis states that a script or script used to write one of the Malay languages was adopted and became Baybayin.  In particular, the [[Pallava]] script from Sumatra is attested to the 7th century.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bahasa-malaysia-simple-fun.com/bahasa-melayu-kuno.html |title=Bahasa Melayu Kuno |website=Bahasa Malaysia Online Learning Resource |accessdate=11 September 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226183127/http://www.bahasa-malaysia-simple-fun.com/bahasa-melayu-kuno.html |archivedate=26 December 2010 |df= }}</ref>

==== Old Assamese ====
The [[Eastern Nagari script|eastern ''nāgarī'' script]] was a precursor to ''[[devanāgarī]]''. This hypothesis states that a version of this script was introduced to the Philippines via [[Bengal]], before ultimately evolving into ''baybayin''.

==== Cham ====
Finally, an early Cham script from [[Champa]] — in what is now southern [[Vietnam]] and southeastern [[Cambodia]] — could have been introduced or borrowed and adapted into Baybayin.{{citation needed|date=November 2014}}

==Characteristics==
[[File:Filipino sword filipino dha baybayin script.JPG|thumb|right|A Filipino [[Dha (sword)|dha]] sword inscribed with Baybayin characters.]]
The writing system is an [[abugida]] system using consonant-vowel combinations. Each character, written in its basic form, is a consonant ending with the vowel "A". To produce consonants ending with the other vowel sounds, a mark is placed either above the consonant (to produce an "E" or "I" sound) or below the consonant (to produce an "O" or "U" sound). The mark is called a ''kudlit''. The kudlit does not apply to stand-alone vowels. Vowels themselves have their own glyphs. There is only one symbol for '''D''' or '''R''' as they were allophones in most [[languages of the Philippines]], where '''R''' occurred in intervocalic positions and '''D''' occurred elsewhere. The grammatical rule has survived in modern Filipino, so that when a '''d''' is between two vowels, it becomes an '''r''', as in the words ''dangál'' (honour) and ''marangál'' (honourable), or ''dunong'' (knowledge) and ''marunong'' (knowledgeable), and even ''raw'' for ''daw'' (he said, she said, they said, it was said, allegedly, reportedly, supposedly) and ''rin'' for ''din'' (also, too) after vowels.<ref name="baybayin"/> This variant of the script is not used for Ilokano, Pangasinan, Bikolano, and other Philippine languages to name a few, as these languages have separate symbols for '''D''' and '''R'''.

===Writing materials===
Traditionally, baybayin was written upon [[palm leaves]] with styli or upon [[bamboo]] with knives.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KFQOAQAAMAAJ&q=baybayin+palm+leaves&dq=baybayin+palm+leaves&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y|title=Filipinas|last=|first=|date=1995-01-01|publisher=Filipinas Pub.|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=60|language=en|quote=|via=|issue=36-44}}</ref> The curved shape of the letterforms of baybayin is a direct result of this heritage: straight lines would have torn the leaves.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://princelystates.com/ArchivedFeatures/fa-03-05.shtml|title=Cochin Palm Leaf Fiscals|last=|first=|date=2001-04-01|website=Princely States Report > Archived Features|publisher=|language=en|access-date=2017-01-25}}</ref> During the era of Spanish colonization, most baybayin began being written with ink on [[paper]], but in some parts of the country the traditional art form has been retained.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bakitwhy.com/articles/fundamentals-baybayin|title=The Fundamentals of Baybayin|last=Lazaro|first=David|date=2009-10-23|work=|newspaper=BakitWhy|language=en|access-date=2017-01-25|via=The Bathala Project}}</ref> Many of the baybayin writings in scrolls of paper were afterwards destroyed by Spanish priests as a form of fun. Otley Beyer wrote in 1921, “It cannot be said that such writings did not exist, since the early Filipinos were even more literate than the Mexicans... One Spanish priest in Southern Luzon boasted of having destroyed more than ''three hundred scrolls'' written in native characters.”<ref>https://www.esquiremag.ph/culture/the-life-death-and-resurgence-of-baybayin-a1962-20170811-lfrm</ref>

===Significant examples===
[[File:Monreal stone.jpg|thumb|right|The Monreal stone, which is the centerpiece at the Baybayin section of the [[National Museum of Anthropology (Manila)|National Museum of Anthropology]].]]
The Ticao Stone Inscription, also known as the Monreal stone or Rizal stone, is a limestone tablet that contains Baybayin characters. Found by pupils of [[Rizal Elementary School]] on [[Ticao Island]] in Monreal town, [[Masbate]], which had scraped the mud off their shoes and slippers on two irregular shaped [[limestone]] tablets before entering their classroom, they are now housed at a section of the [[National Museum of the Philippines|National Museum]], which weighs 30 kilos, is 11 centimeters thick, 54&nbsp;cm long and 44&nbsp;cm wide while the other is 6&nbsp;cm thick, 20&nbsp;cm long and 18&nbsp;cm wide.<ref>http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/616407/muddied-stones-reveal-ancient-scripts</ref><ref>http://heritage.elizaga.net/explorations/borrinaga/ticao-stones.pdf</ref>

=== Two styles of writing ===

[[File:DoctrinaChristianaEspanolaYTagala8-9.jpg|thumb|Pages of the ''Doctrina Christiana'', [[First book of the Spanish Philippines|an early Christian book]] in Spanish and Tagalog (1593)]]

==== Virama Kudlit "style" ====

The original writing method was particularly difficult for the Spanish priests who were translating books into the vernaculars. Because of this, Francisco López introduced his own kudlit in 1620, called a ''sabat'', that cancelled the implicit ''a'' vowel sound. The kudlit was in the form of a "+" sign,<ref name="bibingka">[http://www.bibingka.com/dahon/tagalog/tagalog.htm Tagalog script] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080823214513/http://www.bibingka.com/dahon/tagalog/tagalog.htm |date=August 23, 2008 }}. Accessed September 2, 2008.</ref> in reference to [[Christianity]]. This cross-shaped kudlit functions exactly the same as the ''[[virama]]'' in the [[Devanagari]] script of [[India]]. In fact, Unicode calls this kudlit the ''Tagalog Sign Virama''. See sample above in Characteristics Section.

==== "Nga" character ====
A single character represented "'''nga'''". The current version of the Filipino alphabet still retains "'''ng'''" as a [[digraph (orthography)|digraph]].

==== Punctuation ====                   
Words written in baybayin were written in a continuous flow, and the only form of punctuation was a single vertical line, or more often, a pair of vertical lines ('''||'''). These vertical lines fulfill the function of a comma, period, or unpredictably separate sets of words.<ref name="baybayin"/>

====Pre-colonial and colonial usage====
Baybayin historically was used in [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] and to a lesser extent [[Kapampangan language|Kapampangan]] speaking areas. Its use spread to [[Ilokano language|Ilokanos]] when the Spanish promoted its use with the printing of Bibles. Related scripts, such as [[Hanunoo script|Hanunóo]], [[Buhid script|Buhid]], and [[Tagbanwa alphabet|Tagbanwa]] are still used today, along with [https://web.archive.org/web/20110716075842/http://www.siuala.com/read_blog.php?id=15 Kapampangan script].

Among the earliest literature on the orthography of [[Visayan languages]] were those of Jesuit priest Ezguerra with his ''Arte de la lengua bisaya'' in 1747<ref>{{cite book
| title      = Arte de la lengua bisaya de la provincia de Leyte
| author     = P. Domingo Ezguerra (1601&ndash;1670)
| others     = ''apendice por el P. Constantino Bayle''
| origyear   = c. 1663
| publisher  = Imp. de la Compañía de Jesús
| year       = 1747
| url        = https://books.google.com/books?id=F2SRqDzB50wC&pg=PA915&lpg=PA915&dq=Ezguerra+with+his+Arte+de+la+lengua+Bisaya&source=bl&ots=SPoyB9xDU7&sig=Uyw6PW4Ke_lDf3UWmRjrhaitgBI&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8k9YUYCjM8aziQf8zYCgDg&ved=0CFgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Ezguerra%20with%20his%20Arte%20de%20la%20lengua%20Bisaya&f=false
}}</ref> and of Mentrida with his ''Arte de la lengua bisaya: [[Hiligaynon language|Iliguaina]] de la isla de Panay'' in 1818 which primarily discussed [[Grammar|grammatical structure]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de Tavera|title=Contribución para el estudio de los antiguos alfabetos filipinos|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/15421/15421-h/15421-h.htm|year=1884|publisher=Losana}}</ref> Based on the differing sources spanning centuries, the documented [[syllabary|syllabaries]] also differed in form.

==Modern usage==
[[File:Gawad Lakandula.png|thumb|150px|The insignia of the [[Order of Lakandula]] contains an inscription with Baybayin characters represents the name ''[[Lakandula]]''.]]

Baybayin script, while recognizable, is generally not understood in the Philippines. The characters are still used artistically and as a symbol of Filipino heritage.  Some cultural and activist groups use Baybayin versions of their acronyms alongside the use of Latin script, which is also sometimes given a baybayin-esque style.  Baybayin tattoos and brush calligraphy are also popular.

It is used in the most current [[Banknotes of the Philippine peso#New Generation Currency series (current)|New Generation Currency series of the Philippine peso]] issued in the last quarter of 2010. The word used in the bills was "Pilipino" ({{Script|Tglg|ᜉᜒᜎᜒᜉᜒᜈᜓ}}).

It is also used in [[Philippine passport]]s. The odd pages of pages 3-43 have "''Ang katuwiran ay nagpapadakila sa isang bayan''"/"Righteousness exalts a nation" in reference to [[Book of Proverbs|Proverbs]] 14:34 ({{Script|Tglg|ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜃᜆᜓᜏᜒᜍᜈ᜔ ᜀᜏ᜔ ᜈᜄ᜔ᜉᜉᜇᜃᜒᜎ ᜐ ᜁᜐᜅ᜔ ᜊᜌᜈ᜔}}).

Baybayin influence may also explain the preference for making [[Acronyms in the Philippines|acronyms]] from initial consonant-vowel pairs of the component words, rather than the more common use of just the first letter.

A number of legislative bills have been proposed periodically aiming to promote the writing system, none of which have yet been passed into law.

<gallery>
File:Lupang Hinirang in the Baybayin (Tagalog) script.svg|The lyrics of [[Lupang Hinirang]] in Baybayin rendering.
File:Philippine revolution flag magdiwang.svg|Flag of [[Katipunan]] in [[Magdiwang (Katipunan faction)|Magdiwang faction]], with the ''Ka'' baybayin character.
File:National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP).svg|Seal of the [[National Historical Commission of the Philippines]].
File:Seal of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.svg|Emblem of the [[Armed Forces of the Philippines]].
File:Seal of the Philippine Army.svg|Seal of the [[Philippine Army]].
File:National Library of the Philippines (NLP).svg|Logo of the [[National Library of the Philippines]]. The Baybayin text reads as ''karunungan'' (wisdom).
File:National Museum PH logo.png|Logo of the [[National Museum of the Philippines]].
File:CulturalCenterPH.svg|Logo of the [[Cultural Center of the Philippines]].
</gallery>

==Characters==
[[Image:BaybayinVowels.jpg|150px]][[Image:BaybayinConsonant1.jpg|150px]][[Image:BaybayinConsonant2.jpg|150px]][[Image:BaybayinConsonant3.jpg|150px]][[Image:BaybayinConsonant4.jpg|150px]][[Image:BaybayinConsonant5.jpg|150px]]

{|
|-----
| valign="top" |

'''vowels'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"

|  ||{{Script|Tglg|  ᜔}}
|-
| a  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜀ}}
|-
| i<br>''e'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜁ}}
|-
| u <br> ''o'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜂ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''b'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| b ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜊ᜔}}
|-
| ba  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜊ}}
|-
| bi<br>''be'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜊᜒ}}
|-
| bu <br> ''bo'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜊᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''k'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| k ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜃ᜔}}
|-
| ka  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜃ}}
|-
| ki<br>''ke'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜃᜒ}}
|-
| ku <br> ''ko'' ||{{Script|Tglg|ᜃᜓᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''d/r'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| d/r ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜇ᜔}}
|-
| da/ra  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜇ}}
|-
| di/ri<br>''de/re'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜇᜒ}}
|-
| du/ru <br> ''do/ro'' ||{{Script|Tglg|ᜇᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''g'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| g ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜄ᜔}}
|-
| ga  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜄ}}
|-
| gi<br>''ge'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜄᜒ}}
|-
| gu <br> ''go'' ||{{Script|Tglg|ᜄᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''h'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| h ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜑ᜔}}
|-
| ha  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜑ}}
|-
| hi<br>''he'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜑᜒ}}
|-
| hu <br> ''ho'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜑᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''l'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| l ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜎ᜔}}
|-
| la  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜎ}}
|-
| li<br>''le'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜎᜒ}}
|-
| lu <br> ''lo'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜎᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''m'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| m ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜋ᜔}}
|-
| ma  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜋ}}
|-
| mi<br>''me'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜋᜒ}}
|-
| mu <br> ''mo'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜋᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''n'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| n ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜈ᜔}}
|-
| na  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜈ}}
|-
| ni<br>''ne'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜈᜒ}}
|-
| nu <br> ''no'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜈᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''ng'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| ng ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜅ᜔}}
|-
| nga  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜅ}}
|-
| ngi<br>''nge'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜅᜒ}}
|-
| ngu <br> ''ngo'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜅᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''p'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| p ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜉ᜔}}
|-
| pa  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜉ}}
|-
| pi<br>''pe'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜉᜒ}}
|-
| pu <br> ''po'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜉᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''s'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| s ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜐ᜔}}
|-
| sa  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜐ}}
|-
| si<br>''se'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜐᜒ}}
|-
| su <br> ''so'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜐᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''t'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| t ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜆ᜔}}
|-
| ta  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜆ}}
|-
| ti<br>''te'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜆᜒ}}
|-
| tu <br> ''to'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜆᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''w'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| w ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜏ᜔}}
|-
| wa  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜏ}}
|-
| wi<br>''we'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜏᜒ}}
|-
| wu <br> ''wo'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜏᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |

'''y'''

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
| y ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜌ᜔}}
|-
| ya  ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜌ}}
|-
| yi<br>''ye'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜌᜒ}}
|-
| yu <br> ''yo'' ||{{Script|Tglg| ᜌᜓ}}
|}
| valign="top" |
|}

===Punctuation and Spelling===
The words and sentences of [[Old Tagalog]] are the roots of the Modern Tagalog language. Some of the words and sentences have evolved over time (like the word ''Babuy'' or [[Pig]], which became ''Baboy'' in modern Tagalog), but some of the words in Old Tagalog (like ''Budhi'' (conscience) and  ''Hari'' or [[King]]), have survived and are in common use in Modern Tagalog.

Baybayin writing makes use of only one punctuation mark, the Philippine double punctuation ({{Script|Tglg|&#x1736;}}).<ref>{{cite book|title=The Unicode Standard, Version 10.0|chapter=Chapter 17: Indonesia and Oceania|page=662|publisher=Unicode, Inc|date=June 2016|location=Mountain View, CA|url=https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode10.0.0/ch17.pdf|isbn=978-1-936213-16-0}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Baybayin characters !![[IPA]] / Pronunciation!!Transcription in [[Latin]] / Translation to [[Tagalog language|Modern Tagalog]]
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜀᜍᜂ}}||{{IPA|*arãɜ}} (''arao'') ||Araw ([[Sun]]/[[Day]]s)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜀᜐᜓ}}||{{IPA|*ǎĵû}} (''Asu'')|| Aso ([[Dog]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔᜵ᜆᜎ}}||{{IPA|*áRĥAm tAĵá}} (''Aghamtala'') || (Kalendaryo, [[Calendar]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜀᜄ᜔ᜑᜋ᜔}}||{{IPA|*áRĥAm}}||''Agham' (Syensya, [[Science]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜀᜐᜓᜏᜅ᜔}}|| {{IPA|*aʂũɐ̯n̩}} ||''[[Aswang]]''  ([[Ghoul]]/[[Monster]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜓᜎᜏᜈ᜔}}||{{IPA|*bUlɐ̯ɜn̩}} (''Bulawan'') ||Ginto ([[Gold]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜑᜒ}}||{{IPA|*bɘɖjɞ̯}} (''Budhi'') ||''[[Bodhi]]''  (Konsensya) [[Conscience]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜓᜎᜅᜌ᜔}}||{{IPA|*bɒlɐ̯ɲAj}} (''Balangay'') ||''[[Barangay]]''
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜓᜈ᜔ᜏ}}||{{IPA|*bɐ̃n̪wɛ}} (''Banua'') ||''Pook''/[[Vanua]] ([[Village]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜆ᜔ᜑᜎ}}||{{IPA|*bɐtʜãʟ̩a}}||''Bathala'' ([[God]]/[[Deity]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜊᜌ᜔ᜎᜈ᜔}}||{{IPA|*bãɓɜjaɲ̩}}|| ''Babaylan''  ([[Priest]]ess)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜌᜒ}}||{{IPA|*bãjɜ̯}} ''(Bayi)''||''Babae'' ([[Woman]]/[[Girl]]/[[Lady]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜎᜌ᜔}}||{{IPA|*ba̯Lãj}} (''Balay'')||''Bahay'' ([[House]]/[[Structure]]/[[Buildings]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜊᜓᜌ᜔}}|| {{IPA|*babə̃j}} (''Babuy'')||''Baboy'' ([[Pig]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜃ}}||{{IPA|*bàKa}} (''Baka'')* ||''[[Cow]], [[Cattle]]. [[Ox]], [[Bull]]''
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜇᜆᜓ}}||{{IPA|* dàTǒ}} ||([[Datu]])* ([[Lordship]]s)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜇᜌᜅ᜔}}|| {{IPA|*dãjãɳ}} (''Dayang'')||''Reyna'' ([[Queen regnant|Queen]]) or ''Prinsesa'' ([[Princess]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜇᜒᜃᜒ}}||{{IPA|*dəkət}} ||''Dikit'' (adhesive/stick)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜇᜓᜍᜓ}} / {{Script|Tglg|ᜇᜓᜄᜓ}}||{{IPA|*zuRuʔ}}||''Dugo'' (Blood)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜇᜇ᜔ᜌ}}||{{IPA|*rɑːdʒɑ}} ||''Radya / Raha'' ([[Raja]])*
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜄᜓᜎᜓᜆ᜔}}||{{IPA|*ɠUlu̯t}} (''golot') ||Kabundukan ([[Mountain Range]]s)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜁᜎᜓᜄ᜔}}||{{IPA|*ĔlÓg}}||''Ilog'' ([[River]])
|-
||{{Script|Tglg|ᜄᜍᜓᜇ}}||{{IPA|*gAŕUda}}||''[[Garuda]]'' 
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜎᜅᜒᜆ}} ||{{IPA|*jəŋ̍eʃ}}|| ''Langit''  ([[Sky]], [[Heaven]], [[Nirvana]]) 
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜑᜍᜒ}}||{{IPA|*ʜãRi}} (''Hari'')||''Hari'' ([[King]], [[Emperor]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜑᜎᜒᜃ᜔}}||{{IPA|*hajək}}||''Halik'' ([[Kiss]])
|-
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜎᜃᜈ᜔}}||{{IPA|*lákáN}}||''[[Lakan]]'' ([[King]], [[Emperor]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜎᜓᜈᜆᜒᜀᜈ᜔}}||{{IPA|*jɜnTiãn}} (''luntian'')||''Luntian'' (Lush)/ ''Berde'' ([[Green]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜃᜒᜈᜍ}}||{{IPA|*kěnÀřá}}||''Kinara'' ([[Kinnara]]) (Celestial beings)
|-
||{{Script|Tglg|ᜃᜎᜊᜒᜃ}}||{{IPA|*kɘjaɓiká}}|| ''Kalabika'', [[Kalavinka]] (Celestial beings)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜃᜏᜎ᜔}}||{{IPA|*kão̯ɐL}} (''Kaual'')||''Kawal'' ([[Knight]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜋᜓᜆᜒᜌ}}||{{IPA|*ɱuʈɪa}} (''mutiya'') ||''Mutya'' or ''Perlas'' ([[Pearl]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜋᜅ᜔ᜋᜅ᜔}}||{{IPA|*Mɐnɠ-Mɑŋɠ}} ||''Mang mang'' (Fool) / ''Bobo'' (Stupid)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜐ᜔}}||{{IPA|*pãɳ̩ta̯ʂ}}||''Pantas'' ([[Genius]]/[[WISE (disambiguation)|Wise]]/Gifted)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜉᜓᜂᜇ᜔}}||{{IPA|*pũɜd}} (''Puod'')||''Bayan'' ([[Barangay|Town]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜉᜉᜄᜌᜓ}}||{{IPA|*papɐgAyɔ}} (''Papagayo'')||''Karpintero'' ([[Carpenter]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜅᜎᜒᜈ᜔}}||{{IPA|*ŋɡajan}} (''Ngalan'') || ''Pangalan'' (Name)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜐᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜄ᜔}}||{{IPA|*sɑ̃n̩dĩg}} (''Sandig'')||''Sundalo'' ([[Soldier]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜐᜓᜏᜀᜍ᜔ᜈ}}||{{IPA|*jəɜrnā}} (''Suwarna'') ||Ginto ([[Gold]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜆᜎ}}||{{IPA|*táĹa}}||''Tala'' ([[Star]] / [[Tara (Buddhism)|Tara (deity)]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜍ᜔}}||{{IPA|*tubiR}}||''Tubig'' ([[Water]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜆᜍᜅ᜔ᜃᜑᜈ᜔}}||{{IPA|*taRãŋkaħɐ̃ɳ}} ||Tarangkahan ([[Gate]])
|-
||{{Script|Tglg|ᜆᜒᜋᜋᜈᜓᜃ}}||{{IPA|*TěGmāmənùKən}} ||[[Tigmamanukan]] ([[Eagle]], [[Bird]], Omen)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜌᜌ}}||{{IPA|*ĵáĴá}}||''Yaya'' ([[Nurse]]/ Care giver)
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜌᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜃ᜔}}||{{IPA|*yÁńTók}}||''Yantok'' (Stick / [[pole (structure)|Pole]] / Rod /[[Batog]])
|-
|{{Script|Tglg|ᜌᜓᜆ}}||{{IPA|*yəʃa}}||''Yuta''  ([[Cloth]])
|}

===Example sentences===
<blockquote>

{{Script|Tglg|"ᜌᜋᜅ᜔ ᜇᜒ ᜈᜄ᜔ᜃᜃᜂᜈᜏᜀᜈ᜔᜵ ᜀᜌ᜔ ᜋᜄ᜔ ᜉᜃᜑᜒᜈᜑᜓᜈ᜔᜶"}}

''Yamáng ‘di nagkaka-unawaan, ay mag paká-hinahon.''

(They that have a misunderstanding should stay calm.)
</blockquote>

<blockquote>

{{Script|Tglg|"ᜋᜄ᜔ᜆᜈᜒᜋ᜔ ᜀᜌ᜔ ᜇᜒ ᜊᜒᜇᜓ"}}

''Magtanim ay 'di birò''.

(Planting is no joke.)
</blockquote>

<blockquote>

{{Script|Tglg|"ᜋᜋᜑᜎᜒᜈ᜔ ᜃᜒᜆ ᜑᜅ᜔ᜄᜅ᜔ ᜐ ᜉᜓᜋᜓᜆᜒ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜑᜓᜃ᜔ ᜃᜓ"}}

''Mámahalin kitá hanggáng sa pumutí ang buhók ko''.

(I will love you until my hair turns white.)
</blockquote>

=== Collation ===
In the ''[[Doctrina Christiana]]'', the letters of Baybayin were collated as:

'''A O/U E/I H P K S L T N B M G D/R Y NG W'''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16119/16119-h/16119-h.htm#d0e129 |title=Doctrina Cristiana |website=Project Gutenberg}}</ref>

In Unicode the letters are collated as:

'''A I U Ka Ga Nga Ta Da Na Pa Ba Ma Ya La Wa Sa Ha'''.<ref>https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1700.pdf</ref>

==Examples==

===The Lord's Prayer (''Ama Namin'')===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Baybayin script
! [[Latin script]]
! English ([[1928 Book of Common Prayer|1928 BCP]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://justus.anglican.org/resources/bcp/1928/Family_Prayer.htm|title=The 1928 Book of Common Prayer: Family Prayer|publisher=|accessdate=14 October 2016}}</ref> current [[Catholic Church in the Philippines|Filipino Catholic]] version<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p4s2.htm#SECTION%20TWO%20THE%20LORDS%20PRAYER%20OUR%20FATHER!» Catechism of the Catholic Church]</ref>)
|-
|
<div dir="left">
{{Script|Tglg|ᜀᜋ ᜈᜋᜒᜈ᜔ ᜐᜓᜋᜐᜎᜅᜒᜆ᜔ ᜃ,<br/>

ᜐᜋ᜔ᜊᜑᜒᜈ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜅᜎᜈ᜔ ᜋᜓ;<br/>

ᜋᜉᜐᜀᜋᜒᜈ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜃᜑᜇᜒᜀᜈ᜔ ᜋᜓ;<br/>

ᜐᜓᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜈ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜎᜓᜂᜊ᜔ ᜋᜓ<br>

ᜇᜒᜆᜓ ᜐ ᜎᜓᜉ, ᜉᜇ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜐ ᜎᜅᜒᜆ᜔.<br/>

ᜊᜒᜄ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ ᜋᜓ ᜃᜋᜒ ᜅᜌᜓᜈ᜔ ᜅ᜔ ᜀᜋᜒᜅ᜔ ᜃᜃᜈᜒᜈ᜔ ᜐ ᜀᜇᜂ ᜀᜇᜂ;<br/>

ᜀᜆ᜔ ᜉᜆᜏᜍᜒᜈ᜔ ᜋᜓ ᜃᜋᜒ ᜐ ᜀᜋᜒᜅ᜔ ᜋᜅ ᜐᜎ<br>

ᜉᜍ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜉᜉᜆᜏᜇ᜔ ᜈᜋᜒᜈ᜔ ᜐ ᜋᜅ ᜈᜄ᜔ᜃᜃᜐᜎ ᜐ ᜀᜋᜒᜈ᜔;<br/>

ᜀᜆ᜔ ᜑᜓᜏᜄ᜔ ᜋᜓ ᜃᜋᜒ ᜁᜉᜑᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓᜎᜓᜆ᜔ ᜐ ᜆᜓᜃ᜔ᜐᜓ,<br/>

ᜀᜆ᜔ ᜁᜀᜇ᜔ᜌ ᜋᜓ ᜃᜋᜒ ᜐ ᜎᜑᜆ᜔ ᜅ᜔ ᜋᜐᜋ.<br/>

ᜐᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜆ᜔ ᜁᜌᜓ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜃᜑᜍᜒᜀᜈ᜔, ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜃᜉᜅ᜔ᜌᜍᜒᜑᜈ᜔, ᜀᜆ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜃᜇᜃᜒᜎᜀᜈ᜔, ᜋᜄ᜔ᜉᜃᜌ᜔ᜎᜈ᜔ᜋᜈ᜔.<br/>

ᜀᜋᜒᜈ᜔/ᜐᜒᜌ ᜈᜏ.
}}
|
''Ama namin, sumasalangit ka,''<br />
''Sambahín ang ngalan mo.''<br />
''Mapasaamin ang kaharián mo,''<br />
''Sundin ang loób mo,''<br />
''Dito sa lupà para nang sa langit.''<br />
''Bigyán mo kamí ngayón ng aming kakanin sa araw-araw.''<br />
''At patawarin mo kamí sa aming mga utang,''<br />
''Para nang pagpapatawad namin sa mga nagkakautang sa amin.''<br />
''At huwág mo kamíng ipahintulot sa tuksó''<br />
''Bagkús iadyâ mo kamí sa masama. [[Amen|Siya nawâ]].'' ''<br />
|
''Our Father who art in heaven,''<br />
''Hallowed be Thy name.''<br />
''Thy kingdom come,''<br />
''Thy will be come,''<br />
''on earth as it is in heaven.''<br />
''Give us this day our daily bread;''<br />
''And forgive us our trespasses,''<br />
''As we forgive those who trespass against us;''<br />
''And lead us not into temptation,''<br />
''But deliver us from evil. Amen.''<br />
|}

===Universal Declaration of Human Rights===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Baybayin script
! Latin script
! English translation
|-
|
<div dir="left">
{{Script|Tglg|ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜎᜑᜆ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜆᜂ ᜀᜌ᜔ ᜁᜐᜒᜈᜒᜎᜅ᜔ ᜈ ᜋᜎᜌ ᜀᜆ᜔ ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜌ᜔ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜌ᜔ ᜐ ᜃᜍᜅᜎᜈ᜔ ᜀᜆ᜔ ᜃᜍᜉᜆᜈ᜔‖ ᜐᜒᜎ ᜀᜌ᜔ ᜉᜒᜈᜄ᜔ᜃᜎᜓᜂᜊᜈ᜔ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜊᜓᜇ᜔ᜑᜒ ᜀᜆ᜔ ᜇᜉᜆ᜔ ᜋᜄ᜔ᜉᜎᜄᜌᜈ᜔ ᜀᜅ᜔ ᜁᜐᜆ᜔ᜁᜐ ᜐ ᜇᜒᜏ ᜈᜅ᜔ ᜉᜄ᜔ᜃᜃᜉᜆᜒᜍᜈ᜔}}
|
''Ang lahat ng tao'y isinilang na malaya at pantay-pantay sa karangalan at mga karapatan.'' <br/>
''Sila'y pinagkalooban ng katwiran at [[Bodhi|budhi]] at dapat magpalagayan, <br/>
''ang isa't isa sa diwa ng pagkakapatiran.'' <br/>
|
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. <br/>
They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act,<br/>
towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood''.<br>
|}

===Motto of the Philippines===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Baybayin script
! Latin script
! English translation
|-
|
<div dir="left">
{{Script|Tglg|ᜋᜃᜇᜒᜌᜓᜐ᜔᜵<br> ᜋᜃᜆᜂ᜵ <br> ᜋᜃᜃᜎᜒᜃᜐᜈ᜔᜵<br> ᜋᜃᜊᜈ᜔ᜐ᜶}}
|
''Maka-Diyos,'' <br> ''Maka-Tao,'' <br>  ''Makakalikasan, at'' <br> ''Makabansa''<br>
|
For God, <br> For People, <br> For Nature, and <br> For Country <br>
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Baybayin script
! Latin script
! English translation
|-
|
<div dir="left">{{Script|Tglg|ᜁᜐᜅ᜔ ᜊᜈ᜔ᜐ᜵<br>ᜁᜐᜅ᜔ ᜇᜒᜏ}}
|
''Isang Bansa, <br/> Isang Diwa''<br/>
|
One Country, <br/> One Spirit
|}

== Unicode ==
Baybayin was added to the [[Unicode]] Standard in March, 2002 with the release of version 3.2.

===Block===
{{Main article|Tagalog (Unicode block)}}

The Unicode block for Baybayin, called Tagalog, is U+1700&ndash;U+171F:

{{Unicode chart Tagalog}}

=== Representation of the character "Ra" ===
Although it violates the Unicode Standard,<ref>{{cite book | title = The Unicode Standard, Version 6.2.0 | publisher = The Unicode Consortium | date = September 2012 | location = Mountain View, CA | pages = 69
 | url = https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.2.0/ch03.pdf}}</ref> U+170D is becoming the ''de facto'' standard for representing the character ''Ra'' ({{Script|Tglg|ᜍ}}), due to its use as such in commonly available Baybayin fonts.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/jayson_villaruz2008/6388377331/in/set-72157623270413659 |title=Modern Alphabet and Baybayin -Final Version {{!}} Flickr - Photo Sharing |website=Flickr}}</ref>

=== Philippines National Keyboard Layout with Baybayin ===
It is now possible to type Baybayin directly from the keyboard, without the need to use online typepads.  The Philippines National Keyboard Layout<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jcsesecuneta.com/labox/the-philippines-national-keyboard-layout |title=Philippines National Keyboard Layout |website=The Hæven of John™}}</ref> includes different sets of Baybayin layout for different keyboard users.  QWERTY, Capewell-Dvorak, Capewell-QWERF 2006, Colemak, and Dvorak, all available in Microsoft Windows and GNU/Linux 32-bit and 64-bit installations.

The keyboard layout with Baybayin can be downloaded at [https://code.google.com/p/pnkl/ this page].

== Baybayin in Philippine politics and legislation ==

Baybayin bills, House Bill no.4395 of Pampanga 2nd district representative Leopoldo N. Bataoil and Senate Bill 1899 of by Senator [[Loren Legarda]], which are also known as the National Script Act of 2011, has been filed in the 15th Congress since 2011. However, it did not pass in the 15th Congress due to the focus of government during that time on other legislation and national scandals such as the impeachment against the Chief Justice.

They were refiled again in the 16th Congress, however, failed to pass again due to the focus of the government on the Bangsamoro Basic Law, which eventually failed due to another conflict which caused the deaths of Filipino soldiers.

It was refiled in the 17th Congress of the Philippines through Senate Bill 433 by Senator [[Loren Legarda]] and House Bill 1018 by Pampanga 2nd district representative Leopoldo N. Bataoil in 2016. It aims to declare Baybayin as the national script of the Philippines. The bill mandates to put a Baybayin translation under all business and government logos. It also mandates all primary and secondary schools to teach Baybayin to their students, a move that would save the ancient script from pure extinction and revitalize the indigenous writing roots of Filipinos. The writing system being pursued by the bills is a modernized version of the Baybayin which incorporates the common segments of numerous indigenous writing forms throughout the country. The system is a more nationalistic approach due to its comprehensive range, contrary to reports saying the bill will create further enhance regional or cultural disintegration.<ref>https://blog.baybayin.com/2011/03/16/baybayin-bill-national-script-act-of-2011/</ref><ref>http://www.senate.gov.ph/lis/bill_res.aspx?congress=16&q=SBN-1899</ref><ref>https://www.senate.gov.ph/lis/bill_res.aspx?congress=17&q=SBN-433</ref>

The House of Representative version of the bill has been pending with the Committee on Civil Service and Professional Regulation (chaired by Batangas 5th district representative Mario Vittorio "Marvey" A. Mariño) since August 1, 2016. The Senate version of the bill has been pending with the Committee on Cultural Communities (chared by Sen. Maria Lourdes Nancy S. Binay) and the Committee on Education, Arts and Culture (chaired by Sen. Francis "Chiz" G. Escudero) since August 8, 2016. It has not moved from those committees for more than a year.<ref>https://www.senate.gov.ph/lis/bill_res.aspx?congress=17&q=SBN-433</ref>

There is also a proposal, wherein should the baybayin bill be passed into law and that the education system of the Philippines mandates the teaching of baybayin in all school levels, another bill shall be filed, where all indigenous ethnic writing systems and scripts shall be taught in specific schools as well. The new bill shall save the dying writing system of indigenous communities and will establish a tri-writing system in those communities, where the community will know their own indigenous writing system, the baybayin writing system, and the Roman writing system. Examples of such ethnic-based writing systems are the Kudlit of the Kapampangans and the Hanunuo of the Hanunuo Mangyans.<ref>http://www.congress.gov.ph/members/search.php?id=bataoil-l&pg=billsmain#HistoryModal</ref>

In April 23, 2018, the Baybayin bill in the House of Representatives (HB 1018) was approved by the House Committee on Basic Education and Culture, the second of the eleven steps in passing a national legislation. The House version will now hurdle the third step. On the other hand, the Senate version of the bill is still in the second step of the process.<ref>http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/artandculture/651003/house-panel-oks-bill-declaring-baybayin-the-national-writing-system/story/</ref><ref>http://news.abs-cbn.com/life/04/23/18/house-commitee-approves-baybayin-as-national-writing-system</ref>

==See also==
{{Commons category|Baybayin}}
* [[List of India-related topics in Philippines]]
*[[Old Tagalog]]
*[[Laguna Copperplate Inscription]]
*[[Kulitan alphabet]]
*[[Hanunó'o script]]
*[[Tagbanwa alphabet]]
*[[Buhid script]]
*[[Kawi script]]
*[[Filipino orthography]]
* [[History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia]]
* [[India–Philippines relations]]
* [[Rajahnate of Butuan]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{Cite book
|last=Scott
|first=William Henry
|authorlink=William Henry Scott (historian)
|title=Prehispanic Source Materials for the study of Philippine History
|publisher=New Day Publishers
|year=1984
|isbn=971-10-0226-4
|url=https://books.google.com/?id=bR2XAQAACAAJ
|ref=harv
|postscript=<!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->
}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140201135616/http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/basic_16/HB00160.pdf House Bill 160, aka ''National Script Act of 2011'']
*[https://www.webcitation.org/5rpLR9aNS?url=http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/bayeng1.htm ''Ang Baybayin'' by Paul Morrow]
*[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U32-1700.pdf Unicode Tagalog Range 1700-171F (in PDF)]
*[https://www.webcitation.org/5s839CWeO?url=http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/paterno.htm Yet another Baybayin chart]
*[http://www.eaglescorner.com/baybayin/baybayin.html Baybayin online translator]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071012072649/http://www.baybayin.com/how-to-write-baybayin-alibata/ Baybayin video tutorial]
*[http://nordenx.blogspot.com/2012/05/baybayin-unicode-keyboard-layout.html Baybayin Unicode Keyboard Layout for Mac OSX]
*[http://jcsesecuneta.com/snoworld/snoworld-baybayin-typepad-01 JC John Sese-Cuneta's Baybayin Unicode Typepad]
*[http://jcsesecuneta.com/labox/the-philippines-national-keyboard-layout Philippines National Keyboard Layout with Baybayin, for Microsoft Windows and GNU/Linux both 32-bit and 64-bit]
*[https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/baybayin-keyboard/fkbkkdokklbebkkifkoejdblhilfeghi Baybayin Keyboard extension for ChromeOS (Chromebooks)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110202182136/http://baybayinlibrary.com/ Online Baybayin Library]
*[http://baybayinapp.com 1st Baybayin mobile translator application ]
*[http://nordenx.blogspot.com/p/baybayin-unicode-typepad.html Nordenx's Baybayin Unicode Typepad]
*[https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=oa.164403390426240&type=1 Sinaunang baybayin]

===Font downloads===
*[http://akopito.weebly.com/suwat-bisaya.html Badlit Script]
*[http://nordenx.blogspot.com/ Baybayin Modern Fonts]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101231035914/http://www.baybayin.com/downloads/ Christian Cabuay's Baybayin Brush Font]
*[http://paulmorrow.ca/fonts.htm Paul Morrow's Baybayin Fonts]
*[http://unicode-table.com/en/sections/tagalog/ Tagalog – Unicode character table]
{{Kawi family}}
{{Philippine scripts}}
{{list of writing systems}}
{{ISO 15924/footer}}
{{India-related topics in Philippines}}

[[Category:Articles with inconsistent citation formats]]
[[Category:Brahmic scripts]]
[[Category:Philippine scripts]]
[[Category:Tagalog language]]
[[Category:Filipino language]]
[[Category:Scripts encoded in Unicode 3.2]]
[[Category:India-related topics in the Philippines]]

===Video Tutorials===
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icg7T17HfB8]
*[https://www.youtube.com/user/cyphaflip]