View source for Škoda 10 cm K10

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox weapon
|name=Škoda 10 cm K10
| image= Minizini-KrasnyyKavkaz2.jpg
| image_size = 300
|caption=A twin "Minizini" mount aboard the {{ship|Soviet cruiser|Krasnyi Kavkaz}}
|origin= [[Austria-Hungary]]
|type= [[Naval gun]]<br>[[Dual-purpose gun]]<br>[[Coastal artillery]]<br>[[Anti-aircraft gun]]
<!-- Type selection -->
|is_ranged=YES
|is_bladed=
|is_explosive=
|is_artillery=YES
|is_vehicle=
|is_UK=
<!-- Service history -->
|service=
|used_by= Austria-Hungary <br> Italy <br> France <br> Spain <br> Sweden <br> Soviet Union
|wars=[[World War I]]<br>[[Spanish Civil War]]<br>[[World War II]]<!-- Production history -->
|designer=Skoda
|design_date=1907
|manufacturer=Skoda
|production_date=1910
|number=
|variants=Škoda 10 cm K07<br>Škoda 10 cm K11<br>OTO 100/47
<!-- General specifications -->
|weight={{convert|2020|kg|lb}}
|length=
|part_length={{convert|4.985|m|ft|sp=us}} 50 caliber
|width=
|height=
|crew=
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
|cartridge= [[Glossary of British ordnance terms#Fixed QF|Fixed QF]] 100 x 892R<ref>{{Cite web|title=78- MM CALIBRE CARTRIDGES|url=https://www.quarryhs.co.uk/ammotable10.html|access-date=2021-03-12|website=www.quarryhs.co.uk}}</ref>
|cartridge_weight={{convert|13.75|kg|lb}}
|caliber={{convert|100|mm|in|sp=us|1}}<ref name="auto">Campbell, ''Naval Weapons of WWII'', p.339-341.</ref>
|action=
|rate=8-10 rpm<ref name="auto"/>
|velocity={{convert|880|m/s|ft/s|sp=us}}<ref name="auto"/>
|range=
|max_range=Austria-Hungary: {{convert|11|km|mi|abbr=on}} at +14°<br>
Italian: {{convert|15.2|km|mi|abbr=on}}<br>at 45°
AA Ceiling: {{convert|10|km|ft|abbr=on}} at 80°<ref name="auto"/>
|feed=
|sights=
<!-- Artillery specifications -->
|breech=Horizontal [[Rifled breech loader#The sliding block|sliding breech]] block
|recoil=
|carriage=
|elevation=Austria-Hungary: -4° to +18°<br>
Italian: -5° to +85°
Russian: -5° to +78°
|traverse=360°<ref name="auto1"/>
<!-- Explosive specifications -->
|diameter=
|filling=
|filling_weight=
|detonation=
|yield=
}}

The '''Škoda 10&nbsp;cm K10''' was a 100&nbsp;mm (3.9-inch) [[naval gun]] of the [[Austro-Hungarian Navy]] used as tertiary armament on [[Dreadnought#All-big-gun mixed-calibre ships|semi-dreadnought]] battleships and as primary armament on [[scout cruiser]]s and [[destroyer]]s during [[World War I]].  After World War I, variants of the Škoda 10&nbsp;cm K10 were widely produced in Italy as the 100/47<ref group=note>In Italian nomenclature the first number indicates the caliber expressed in millimeters, the second the length in calibers. This second value is not 50 calibers because the Italians calculated the length of the barrel excluding the firing chamber.</ref> series of guns, which served in a number of roles, on a wide variety of ships, with a number of navies.

==History==
The origins of the Škoda 10&nbsp;cm K10 began with the earlier K07 developed in 1907 at the [[Škoda Works]] in [[Plzeň]]. When the gun was put into production in 1910 it was renamed the Škoda 10&nbsp;cm K10 and entered service aboard the [[Radetzky-class battleship|''Radetzky''-class]] battleships in 20 single mount [[Casemate#Single casemates .281889 onwards.29|casemates]] amidships. The K11 model soon followed the K10 into service aboard the cruiser {{SMS|Admiral Spaun}}, the {{sclass|Novara|cruiser|1}}s and the {{sclass|Tátra|destroyer|1}}s of the Austro-Hungarian Navy in [[Glossary of British ordnance terms#LA|low-angle]], single [[gun turret]]s. The main difference between the various models was their mounts, traverse and elevation.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Naval weapons of World War One|last=Friedman|first=Norman|date=2011-01-01|publisher=Seaforth|isbn=978-1848321007|pages=291–292|oclc=786178793}}</ref> After World War I {{SMS|Radetzky|1909|6}}, {{SMS|Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand}} and {{SMS |Zrínyi}} were ceded to Italy and scrapped between 1920 and 1926. SMS ''Admiral Spaun'' was ceded to the British and sold to an Italian company for scrapping in 1922. The ''Novara'' and ''Tatar'' classes proved ideal for service in the Adriatic during the First World War and the surviving units were ceded as war reparations to Italy and France. {{SMS|Helgoland|1909|6}} (renamed ''Brindisi'') and {{SMS|Saida}} (renamed ''Venezia'') served in the [[Regia Marina|Italian Navy]] until scrapped in 1937, while {{SMS|Novara|1913|6}} (renamed ''Thionville'') served in the [[French Navy]] until scrapped in 1942. Three of the ''Tátra''-class destroyers, ''Triglav II'', ''Lika II'', and ''Uzsok'', were ceded to Italy as the ''Fasana'' class and ''Dukla'' was ceded to France. These ships were little used and re-rated as torpedo boats in 1929, with the last ships being scrapped in 1936. In 1937 the salvaged 10&nbsp;cm K10's were landed and assigned to [[coastal artillery]]. At the outbreak of World War II, 41 guns were still in service.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://xoomer.virgilio.it/ramius/Militaria/artiglierie_2gm.html|title=Le artiglierie italiane nella 2ª Guerra Mondiale|work=virgilio.it |language=it}}</ref>

==Description==
The Škoda 10&nbsp;cm K10 was built with an A tube, jacket and a breech ring screwed to both the A tube and jacket.  It had a horizontal [[Rifled breech loader#The sliding block|sliding breech]] block and fired fixed (one part) ammunition.

== OTO 100/47 ==
The Italian Navy were impressed with the Škoda 10&nbsp;cm K10s and in 1924 a copy of the gun was ordered from the Italian firm [[OTO Melara]] which spawned a large family of 100/47 cannons that were widely used.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNIT_39-47_m1924.php|title=Austria-Hungary 10 cm/50 (3.9") Skoda K10 and K11 - NavWeaps|first=Tony|last=DiGiulian|work=navweaps.com}}</ref>  A number of different models were produced on different mountings for a variety of ship types.

* OTO Mod. 1924, Mod. 1927 and Mod. 1928 100/47 - These guns were virtual reproductions of the Škoda 10&nbsp;cm K10, but with loose liners.  The gun was built with A tube, jacket and loose liner with a breech ring that screwed to both the A tube and jacket.  The breech block was a horizontal sliding type and it fired fixed ammunition. These AA guns were mounted in nearly all heavy and light cruisers of the Italian Navy during World War II.  The most widely used model was the OTO Mod. 1928 gun in twin-gun Mod. 1928 mounts.  These shielded twin mounts had both guns in a common cradle that allowed -5° to 85° elevation.  The mounts had adjustable trunnions which were automatically raised by electric power as the guns elevated.  They had mechanized spring and rope rammers.  The speed of movement for the mount was found to be too slow to follow fast moving aerial targets, particularly if the ship was rolling and was more suited to barrage fire.  This mounting was designed by ''Comandante'' Minisini of the Regia Marina and were often referred to as ''Minisinis''.  The Soviet Union bought 10 of the Mod. 1928 mounts for their ''Admiral Nakhimov''-class cruisers and their crews referred to them as ''Minizinis''.<ref name="auto" />
* OTO Mod. 1931, Mod. 1935 and Mod. 1937 100/47 - These guns had the same construction details as the Mod. 1928.  These guns were in single, usually shielded, hand-worked, Mod. 1931 or Mod. 1937 mounts.  These dual-purpose mounts were common on Italian torpedo-boats of World War II.  The Mod. 1931 mounts had an elevation of -6° to +45°, which was later increased to -9° / +60° for the Mod. 1937 mounts.  These simpler hand-worked mounts were considered adequate for their role.<ref name="auto" />
* OTO Mod. 1931, Mod. 1935 and Mod. 1938 100/47 for Submarines -  Same construction details as the earlier Mod. 1928, except the barrel was shortened to {{convert|4.94|m|ftin|abbr=on}}.  These guns were used in single, hand-worked, unshielded, pedestal-mounts.  These guns were mounted on the majority of Italian submarines, except for the ''Micca'' and {{sclass|Calvi|submarine|5}} classes.<ref name="auto">Campbell, ''Naval Weapons of WWII'', p.339-341.</ref>

==Naval service==
{| Class=wikitable
|+
! align="left" | Mounting
! align="center" | Gun model
! align="center" | Gun mount
! align="center" | Weight
! align="center" | Length
! align="center" | Elevation
! align="center" | Range
! align="center" | Ship class
|-
| rowspan="1"| Low-Angle Single Mount
| Škoda 10&nbsp;cm K10 & K11
| Mod. 1910
| rowspan="1"|2,020&nbsp;kg
| rowspan="1"|{{convert|4.985| m|ftin}}
| rowspan="1"|-4° / +18°
| rowspan="1"|16,885&nbsp;m
| {{sclass|Radetzky|battleship|1}}s, {{sclass|Novara|cruiser|1}}s, {{sclass|Tátra|destroyer|1}}s
|-
| rowspan="3"| AA Twin mount
| OTO Mod. 1924
| Mod. 1924
| rowspan="3"|15,000&nbsp;kg
| rowspan="3"|4,985&nbsp;mm
| rowspan="3"|-5° / +85°
| rowspan="3"|15,240&nbsp;m
| {{sclass|Trento|cruiser|1}}s
|-
| OTO Mod. 1927
| Mod. 1927
| {{ship|Italian cruiser|Pola||2}} (cruiser)
|-
| OTO Mod. 1928
| Mod. 1928
| {{sclass|Admiral Nakhimov|cruiser|1}}s, {{ship|Italian cruiser|Bolzano||2}} (cruiser), {{sclass2|Condottieri|cruiser|1}}s, {{sclass|Conte di Cavour|battleship|1}}s, {{ship|Italian cruiser|San Giorgio||2}} (cruiser), {{sclass|Zara|cruiser|1}}s
|-
| rowspan="4"| Dual-purpose single mount
| OTO Mod. 1931
| Mod. 1931
| N/A
| rowspan="4"|4,985&nbsp;mm
| -6° / +45°
| rowspan="4"|15,400&nbsp;m
| {{sclass|Spica|torpedo boat|1}}s, of the  ''Spica'', ''Climene'' and ''Perseo'' groups
|-
| OTO Mod. 1935
| Mod. 1931
| 6,300&nbsp;kg
| rowspan="3"|-9° / +60°
| Little used, replaced by Mod. 1937 mount
|-
| RM Mod. 1937
| Mod. 1931
| N/A
| Little used, replaced by Mod. 1937 mount
|-
| OTO Mod. 1937
| Mod. 1937
| 6,800&nbsp;kg
| {{sclass|Ariete|torpedo boat|1}}s, {{sclass|Ciclone|torpedo boat|1}}s, {{sclass|Gabbiano|corvette|1}}s, {{sclass|Orsa|torpedo boat|1}}s, [[Spica-class torpedo boat]]s of the ''Alcyone'' group
|-
| rowspan="3"| Submarine deck gun
| OTO Mod. 1931
| rowspan="3"|Mod. 1938M
| rowspan="3"|4,650&nbsp;kg
| rowspan="3"|{{convert|4.940|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="3"|-5° / +35°
| rowspan="3"|12,600&nbsp;m
| {{sclass|Archimede|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Argo|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Glauco|submarine|1}}s
|-
| OTO Mod. 1935
| {{sclass|Adua|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Perla|submarine|1}}s
|-
| OTO Mod. 1938
| {{sclass|Acciaio|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Brin|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Cagni|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Flutto|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Foca|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Liuzzi|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Marcello|submarine|1}}s, {{sclass|Marconi|submarine|1}}s
|}

==Ammunition==
Ammunition was of [[Glossary of British ordnance terms#Fixed QF|Fixed QF type]].  The cartridge case was {{convert|1.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}} long and with a {{convert|6.6|kg|lb|abbr=on}} propellant charge weighed {{convert|26|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.

The gun was able to fire:
* [[High Explosive]] - {{convert|13.75|kg|abbr=on}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book|title=Naval Weapons of World War Two |author=Campbell, John |publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1985|isbn=0-87021-459-4}}
*{{cite book|last=Fraccaroli|first=Aldo |title=Italian Warships of World War I|location=London, UK|publisher=Ian Allan|year=1970|isbn=978-0-7110-0105-3}}
*{{cite book|title=Naval Weapons of World War One |author=Friedman, Norman |publisher=Seaforth Publishing |year=2011|isbn=978-1848321007}}

== External links ==
* http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNIT_39-47_m1924.php
* http://xoomer.virgilio.it/ramius/Militaria/artiglierie_2gm.html
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xb_j3vQgK68

{{DEFAULTSORT:Skoda 10cm K10}}
[[Category:Škoda naval guns]]
[[Category:Naval guns of Austria-Hungary]]
[[Category:Naval guns of Italy]]
[[Category:World War II artillery of Italy]]
[[Category:World War I naval weapons]]
[[Category:World War II naval weapons]]
[[Category:100 mm artillery]]