View source for 1957 Saint-Paul bus accident

{{Infobox public transit accident
| name                = 1957 Saint-Paul bus accident
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| date                = {{start date|1957|11|10}}
| time                = 7:30 am
| location            = A road in [[Saint-Paul, Réunion|Saint-Paul]], [[Réunion]]
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| type                = Bus accident
| cause               = Ruptured brakes
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| bus                 = 1
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| vehicles            = 
| passengers          = At least 35
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| deaths              = 27 <small>(23 immediately, 4 later)</small>
| injuries            = 8
| missing             = 
| damage              = One bus
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The '''1957 Saint-Paul bus accident''' took place on Sunday, 10 November 1957, on a meandering road overpassing downtown [[Saint-Paul, Réunion|Saint-Paul]], one of the sub-prefectures of the island of [[Réunion]]. Caused by a rupture in the brakes of a bus on an incline, it caused 27 deaths and left a lasting mark on the [[collective memory]] of this [[France|French]] [[Indian Ocean]] [[overseas department|''département'']].

==Events==
The accident occurred at 7:30 am (local time) on Sunday, 10 November 1957, a sunny morning. A bus belonging to the transport authority, chartered by diocesan social workers of Father Favron, was transporting parishioners to a construction site in [[Sainte-Anne, Réunion|Sainte-Anne]], a neighbourhood of [[Saint-Benoît, Réunion|Saint-Benoît]]. The brakes let go at one of the sinuous curves of the winding road that passed over the centre of Saint-Paul, in the western part of the island. The vehicle involved was in second place in the convoy that was supposed to travel to Sainte-Anne, and the accident took place just a few moments after its departure from the district known as Le Guillaume, where all the victims lived except for two, among whom was the driver, a native of [[Le Port, Réunion|Le Port]].<ref name="Magné">Brice Magné, "50 ans après la tragédie des rampes de Saint-Paul", ''Journal de l'île de La Réunion'', 8 November 2007.</ref>

The bus fell {{convert|25|m}} before crashing at the foot of a cliff. There was at least one witness, M. Louisin, an employee of the mayor's office who was walking on the rue de la Caverne when he saw the bus plunge through the air, and who remained paralysed for a long moment before regaining his senses. The roof became detached and crashed on top of the passengers, who may have reflexively tried to jump out of the bus during its fall in the hope of escaping the catastrophe, "a spectacular pirouette" that finished "with a horrific clatter", as the ''[[Journal de l'île de La Réunion]]'' observed on 12 November. Indeed, the sound of the accident could be heard hundreds of metres all around.<ref name="Magné"/>

According to different witnesses, first aid was quickly set up around the crash site, where rescuers and bystanders mixed with passengers from the first bus in the convoy, which stopped. On the ground, below, above and in the wreckage, mutilated, crushed and bleeding bodies were everywhere. Human remains were found over ten metres around. A woman's severed head hung from a tree.<ref name="Magné"/>

==Toll and consequences==
Twenty-three individuals were killed instantly in the accident. In addition, the town transported twelve wounded to the Félix-Guyon Hospital in [[Saint-Denis, Réunion|Saint-Denis]]. Four more died as a result of the crash,<ref name="Magné"/> making it the deadliest in the history of Saint-Paul, if not of Réunion's entire history.

Among the public, the shock of the event was terrible. Following the event, the ''JIR'' opened a public subscription in collaboration with the diocesan social workers, calling on all its readers "to participate as widely as possible in this spirit of human brotherhood and of Réunion solidarity". The operation was a success, and the subscription's closing time was pushed back by forty-eight hours to allow the arrival on time of donations, spurred in part by lists distributed in numerous private establishments and several administrative services. On 19 November, less than ten days after the accident, the daily announced that over two million [[French franc|francs]] had been collected. By the 23rd, the deadline for donations, the sum had doubled, reaching over four million.<ref name="Magné"/>

Despite a spirit of generosity that showed itself as far away as [[Mauritius]] and [[Metropolitan France]], memories of the bus crash remain vivid locally, and according to a 2007 report by the ''JIR'', "50 years later, this drama still remains etched into the collective memory".<ref name="Magné"/> Mémona Hintermann, foreign correspondent for [[France 3]], evoked this accident in her 2006 autobiographical work, ''Tête haute'': as a poor child in [[Le Tampon]], on the southern part of the island, it was after she saw television images of the aftermath of the event that she discovered the profession of television journalist.<ref>Hintermann, Mémona. ''Tête haute'', 2006.</ref> A memorial with all the victims' names and a cross was built along the ramp where the vehicle fell.<ref>{{in lang|fr}} Jean Benoist, "[http://classiques.uqac.ca/contemporains/benoist_jean/anthro_medicale_creole/anthro_medicale_creole_prelude.html Anthropologie médicale en société créole]", [[University Presses of France|Presses universitaires de France]], 1993.</ref>

==Notes==
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{{coord missing|France}}

[[Category:Bus incidents in France]]
[[Category:Disasters in Réunion]]
[[Category:1957 in Réunion]]
[[Category:November 1957 events in Africa]]
[[Category:1957 road incidents]]
[[Category:Bus incidents in Africa]]
[[Category:1957 disasters in France]]