View source for Artificial enzyme

{{For|enzyme mimic|enzyme mimic}}''See also [[artificial metalloenzyme]].''{{Overly detailed|section=Nanozymes|date=January 2022}}[[Image:Artificial enzyme.jpg|thumb|310px| Schematic drawing of artificial phosphorylase]]
An '''artificial enzyme''' is a synthetic [[organic molecule]] or [[ion]] that recreates one or more functions of an [[enzyme]]. It seeks to deliver [[catalysis]] at rates and selectivity observed in naturally occurring [[Enzyme|enzymes]].

== History==
[[Enzyme]] catalysis of chemical reactions occur with high selectivity and rate. The substrate is activated in a small part of the [[enzyme]]'s [[macromolecule]] called the [[active site]]. There, the binding of a [[substrate (biochemistry)|substrate]] close to [[functional group]]s in the enzyme causes [[catalysis]] by so-called proximity effects. It is possible to create similar catalysts from [[small molecule]]s by combining [[Substrate (chemistry)|substrate]]-binding with catalytic functional groups. Classically, artificial enzymes bind substrates using receptors such as [[cyclodextrin]], [[crown ethers]], and [[calixarene]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Breslow |first1=Ronald |title=Artificial Enzymes |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-60680-1 }}{{page needed|date=April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Kirby |first1=Anthony John |last2=Hollfelder |first2=Florian |title=From Enzyme Models to Model Enzymes |date=2009 |publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry |isbn=978-0-85404-175-6 }}{{page needed|date=April 2020}}</ref>

Artificial enzymes based on [[amino acid]]s or [[peptide]]s have expanded the field of artificial enzymes or [[Enzyme mimic|enzyme mimics]]. For instance, scaffolded [[histidine]] residues mimic certain [[metalloproteins]] and [[Enzyme|enzymes]] such as [[hemocyanin]], [[tyrosinase]], and [[catechol oxidase]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Albada |first1=H. Bauke |last2=Soulimani |first2=Fouad |last3=Weckhuysen |first3=Bert M. |last4=Liskamp |first4=Rob M. J. |title=Scaffolded amino acids as a close structural mimic of type-3 copper binding sites |journal=Chemical Communications |date=2007 |issue=46 |pages=4895–7 |doi=10.1039/b709400k |pmid=18361361 }}</ref>

Artificial enzymes have been designed from scratch via a computational strategy using [[Rosetta@home|Rosetta]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Röthlisberger |first1=Daniela |last2=Khersonsky |first2=Olga |last3=Wollacott |first3=Andrew M. |last4=Jiang |first4=Lin |last5=DeChancie |first5=Jason |last6=Betker |first6=Jamie |last7=Gallaher |first7=Jasmine L. |last8=Althoff |first8=Eric A. |last9=Zanghellini |first9=Alexandre |last10=Dym |first10=Orly |last11=Albeck |first11=Shira |last12=Houk |first12=Kendall N. |last13=Tawfik |first13=Dan S. |last14=Baker |first14=David |title=Kemp elimination catalysts by computational enzyme design |journal=Nature |date=19 March 2008 |volume=453 |issue=7192 |pages=190–195 |doi=10.1038/nature06879 |pmid=18354394 |bibcode=2008Natur.453..190R |doi-access=free }}</ref> A December 2014 publication reported active enzymes made from molecules that do not occur in nature.<ref name="allart">{{cite web |url=http://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/worlds-first-artificial-enzymes-created-using-synthetic-biology |title=World's first artificial enzymes created using synthetic biology  |date=1 December 2014 |publisher=[[University of Cambridge]] |access-date=14 December 2016}}</ref> In 2016, a book chapter entitled "Artificial Enzymes: The Next Wave" was published.<ref name="Cheng, Wang & Hui 2016">{{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Physical Organic Chemistry |chapter=Artificial Enzymes: The Next Wave |year=2016 |publisher=American Cancer Society |isbn=978-1-118-47045-9 |editor1-last=Wang |editor1-first=Zerong |first1=Hanjun |last1=Cheng |first2=Xiaoyu |last2=Wang |first3=Hui |last3=Wei |doi=10.1002/9781118468586 }}</ref>

== Nanozymes ==
Nanozymes are [[nanomaterials]] with enzyme-like characteristics.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wei |first1=Hui |last2=Wang |first2=Erkang |s2cid=39693417 |title=Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (nanozymes): next-generation artificial enzymes |journal=Chemical Society Reviews |date=2013 |volume=42 |issue=14 |pages=6060–93 |doi=10.1039/c3cs35486e |pmid=23740388 }}</ref><ref name=pmid30534770>{{cite journal |last1=Wu |first1=Jiangjiexing |last2=Wang |first2=Xiaoyu |last3=Wang |first3=Quan |last4=Lou |first4=Zhangping |last5=Li |first5=Sirong |last6=Zhu |first6=Yunyao |last7=Qin |first7=Li |last8=Wei |first8=Hui |title=Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (nanozymes): next-generation artificial enzymes (II) |journal=Chemical Society Reviews |date=2019 |volume=48 |issue=4 |pages=1004–1076 |doi=10.1039/c8cs00457a |pmid=30534770 |s2cid=54474779 }}</ref> They have been explored for applications such as biosensing, bioimaging, tumor diagnosis and therapy, and anti-[[biofouling]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=纳米材料新特性及生物医学应用 |last=阎锡蕴 |publisher=科学出版社 |isbn=978-7-03-041828-9 |edition=第1版 |location=北京 |year=2014 }}{{page needed|date=April 2020}}</ref><ref name="Cheng, Wang & Hui 2016"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=GAO |first1=Li-Zeng |last2=YAN |first2=Xi-Yun |title=纳米酶的发现与应用 |trans-title=Discovery and Current Application of Nanozyme |language=zh |journal=Acta Agronomica Sinica |date=2013 |volume=40 |issue=10 |pages=892 |doi=10.3724/SP.J.1206.2013.00409 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Xiaoyu |last2=Hu |first2=Yihui |last3=Wei |first3=Hui |s2cid=138012998 |title=Nanozymes in bionanotechnology: from sensing to therapeutics and beyond |journal=Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers |date=2016 |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=41–60 |doi=10.1039/c5qi00240k }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Duan |first1=Demin |last2=Fan |first2=Kelong |last3=Zhang |first3=Dexi |last4=Tan |first4=Shuguang |last5=Liang |first5=Mifang |last6=Liu |first6=Yang |last7=Zhang |first7=Jianlin |last8=Zhang |first8=Panhe |last9=Liu |first9=Wei |last10=Qiu |first10=Xiangguo|author10-link=Xiangguo Qiu|author11-link=Gary Kobinger |last11=Kobinger |first11=Gary P. |last12=Fu Gao |first12=George |last13=Yan |first13=Xiyun |title=Nanozyme-strip for rapid local diagnosis of Ebola |journal=Biosensors and Bioelectronics |date=December 2015 |volume=74 |pages=134–141 |doi=10.1016/j.bios.2015.05.025 |pmid=26134291 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

=== 1990s ===
In 1996 and 1997, Dugan et al. discovered [[Superoxide dismutase|superoxide dismutase (SOD)]]-mimicking activities of [[fullerene]] derivatives.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dugan |first1=Laura L. |last2=Gabrielsen |first2=Joseph K. |last3=Yu |first3=Shan P. |last4=Lin |first4=Tien-Sung |last5=Choi |first5=Dennis W. |s2cid=26139075 |title=Buckminsterfullerenol Free Radical Scavengers Reduce Excitotoxic and Apoptotic Death of Cultured Cortical Neurons |journal=Neurobiology of Disease |date=April 1996 |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=129–135 |doi=10.1006/nbdi.1996.0013 |pmid=9173920 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dugan |first1=Laura L. |last2=Turetsky |first2=Dorothy M. |last3=Du |first3=Cheng |last4=Lobner |first4=Doug |last5=Wheeler |first5=Mark |last6=Almli |first6=C. Robert |last7=Shen |first7=Clifton K.-F. |last8=Luh |first8=Tien-Yau |last9=Choi |first9=Dennis W. |last10=Lin |first10=Tien-Sung |title=Carboxyfullerenes as neuroprotective agents |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |date=19 August 1997 |volume=94 |issue=17 |pages=9434–9439 |doi=10.1073/pnas.94.17.9434 |pmid=9256500 |pmc=23208 |bibcode=1997PNAS...94.9434D |doi-access=free }}</ref>

=== 2000s ===
The term "nanozyme" was coined in 2004 by Flavio Manea, Florence Bodar Houillon, Lucia Pasquato, and Paolo Scrimin.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Manea |first1=Flavio |last2=Houillon |first2=Florence Bodar |last3=Pasquato |first3=Lucia |last4=Scrimin |first4=Paolo |title=Nanozymes: Gold-Nanoparticle-Based Transphosphorylation Catalysts |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=19 November 2004 |volume=43 |issue=45 |pages=6165–6169 |doi=10.1002/anie.200460649 |pmid=15549744 }}</ref> A 2005 review article<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pasquato |first1=Lucia |last2=Pengo |first2=Paolo |last3=Scrimin |first3=Paolo |title=Nanozymes: Functional Nanoparticle-based Catalysts |journal=Supramolecular Chemistry |date=January 2005 |volume=17 |issue=1–2 |pages=163–171 |doi=10.1080/10610270412331328817 |s2cid=98249602 }}</ref> attributed this term to "analogy with the activity of catalytic polymers (synzymes)", based on the "outstanding catalytic efficiency of some of the functional nanoparticles synthesized". In 2006, nanoceria (CeO<sub>2</sub> [[nanoparticle]]s) was reported to prevent retinal degeneration induced by intracellular peroxides (toxic reactive oxygen intermediates) in rat.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Junping |last2=Patil |first2=Swanand |last3=Seal |first3=Sudipta |last4=McGinnis |first4=James F. |title=Rare earth nanoparticles prevent retinal degeneration induced by intracellular peroxides |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=29 October 2006 |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=142–150 |doi=10.1038/nnano.2006.91 |pmid=18654167 |bibcode=2006NatNa...1..142C |s2cid=3093558 }}</ref> This was seen as indicating a possible route to a treatment for certain causes of blindness.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Silva |first1=Gabriel A. |title=Seeing the benefits of ceria |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=November 2006 |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=92–94 |doi=10.1038/nnano.2006.111 |pmid=18654154 |bibcode=2006NatNa...1...92S |s2cid=205441553 }}</ref> In 2007 intrinsic [[peroxidase]]-like activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles was reported by [[Yan Xiyun]] and coworkers as suggesting a wide range of applications in, for example, medicine and environmental chemistry, and the authors designed an immunoassay based on this property.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gao |first1=Lizeng |last2=Zhuang |first2=Jie |last3=Nie |first3=Leng |last4=Zhang |first4=Jinbin |last5=Zhang |first5=Yu |last6=Gu |first6=Ning |last7=Wang |first7=Taihong |last8=Feng |first8=Jing |last9=Yang |first9=Dongling |last10=Perrett |first10=Sarah |last11=Yan |first11=Xiyun |title=Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=26 August 2007 |volume=2 |issue=9 |pages=577–583 |doi=10.1038/nnano.2007.260 |pmid=18654371 |bibcode=2007NatNa...2..577G |s2cid=10602418 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Perez |first1=J. Manuel |title=Hidden talent |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=26 August 2007 |volume=2 |issue=9 |pages=535–536 |doi=10.1038/nnano.2007.282 |pmid=18654361 |bibcode=2007NatNa...2..535P }}</ref> Hui Wei and Erkang Wang then (2008) used this property of easily prepared magnetic nanoparticles to demonstrate analytical applications to bioactive molecules, describing a colorimetric assay for [[hydrogen peroxide]] ({{chem|H|2|O|2}}) and a sensitive and selective platform for [[glucose]] detection.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wei |first1=Hui |last2=Wang |first2=Erkang |title=Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles as Peroxidase Mimetics and Their Applications in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and Glucose Detection |journal=Analytical Chemistry |date=March 2008 |volume=80 |issue=6 |pages=2250–2254 |doi=10.1021/ac702203f |pmid=18290671 }}</ref>

=== 2010s ===
{{ As of | 2016 }}, many review articles have appeared.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Karakoti |first1=Ajay |last2=Singh |first2=Sanjay |last3=Dowding |first3=Janet M. |last4=Seal |first4=Sudipta |last5=Self |first5=William T. |title=Redox-active radical scavenging nanomaterials |journal=Chemical Society Reviews |date=2010 |volume=39 |issue=11 |pages=4422–32 |doi=10.1039/b919677n |pmid=20717560 |s2cid=9084311 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Jianxin |last2=Zhang |first2=Xiaodan |last3=Wang |first3=Hui |last4=Zheng |first4=Huzhi |last5=Huang |first5=Yuming |last6=Xie |first6=Jianxin |title=Analytical and environmental applications of nanoparticles as enzyme mimetics |journal=TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry |date=October 2012 |volume=39 |pages=114–129 |doi=10.1016/j.trac.2012.03.021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wei |first1=Hui |last2=Wang |first2=Erkang |title=Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (nanozymes): next-generation artificial enzymes |journal=Chemical Society Reviews |date=2013 |volume=42 |issue=14 |pages=6060–93 |doi=10.1039/c3cs35486e |pmid=23740388 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=GAO |first1=Li-Zeng |last2=YAN |first2=Xi-Yun |title=Discovery and Current Application of Nanozyme |journal=Acta Agronomica Sinica |date=2013 |volume=40 |issue=10 |pages=892 |doi=10.3724/sp.j.1206.2013.00409 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=He |first1=Weiwei |last2=Wamer |first2=Wayne |last3=Xia |first3=Qingsu |last4=Yin |first4=Jun-jie |last5=Fu |first5=Peter P. |title=Enzyme-Like Activity of Nanomaterials |journal=Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C |date=29 May 2014 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=186–211 |doi=10.1080/10590501.2014.907462 |pmid=24875443 |bibcode=2014JESHC..32..186H |s2cid=1994217 |url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/enzyme-like-activity-of-nanomaterials }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lin |first1=Youhui |last2=Ren |first2=Jinsong |last3=Qu |first3=Xiaogang |title=Nano-Gold as Artificial Enzymes: Hidden Talents |journal=Advanced Materials |date=July 2014 |volume=26 |issue=25 |pages=4200–4217 |doi=10.1002/adma.201400238 |pmid=24692212 |bibcode=2014AdM....26.4200L |s2cid=30805500 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lin |first1=Youhui |last2=Ren |first2=Jinsong |last3=Qu |first3=Xiaogang |title=Catalytically Active Nanomaterials: A Promising Candidate for Artificial Enzymes |journal=Accounts of Chemical Research |date=17 January 2014 |volume=47 |issue=4 |pages=1097–1105 |doi=10.1021/ar400250z |pmid=24437921 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Prins |first1=Leonard J. |title=Emergence of Complex Chemistry on an Organic Monolayer |journal=Accounts of Chemical Research |date=22 June 2015 |volume=48 |issue=7 |pages=1920–1928 |doi=10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00173 |pmid=26098550 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=丽 |first1=郑 |title=纳米材料过氧化物模拟酶在比色分析及电化学传感器中的应用 |trans-title=Nanomaterial-based Peroxidase Enzyme Mimics with Applications to Colorimetric Analysis and Electrochemical Sensor |language=zh |journal=材料导报 |date=2015 |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=55–57, 129 |doi=10.11896/j.issn.1005-023x.2015.03.020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Xiaoyu |last2=Hu |first2=Yihui |last3=Wei |first3=Hui |title=Nanozymes in bionanotechnology: from sensing to therapeutics and beyond |journal=Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers |date=2016 |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=41–60 |doi=10.1039/c5qi00240k }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gao |first1=Lizeng |last2=Yan |first2=Xiyun |title=Nanozymes: an emerging field bridging nanotechnology and biology |journal=Science China Life Sciences |date=22 March 2016 |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=400–402 |doi=10.1007/s11427-016-5044-3 |pmid=27002958 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ragg |first1=Ruben |last2=Tahir |first2=Muhammad N. |last3=Tremel |first3=Wolfgang |title=Solids Go Bio: Inorganic Nanoparticles as Enzyme Mimics |journal=European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry |date=May 2016 |volume=2016 |issue=13–14 |pages=1906–1915 |doi=10.1002/ejic.201501237 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kuah |first1=Evelyn |last2=Toh |first2=Seraphina |last3=Yee |first3=Jessica |last4=Ma |first4=Qian |last5=Gao |first5=Zhiqiang |title=Enzyme Mimics: Advances and Applications |journal=Chemistry - A European Journal |date=13 June 2016 |volume=22 |issue=25 |pages=8404–8430 |doi=10.1002/chem.201504394 |pmid=27062126 }}</ref> A book-length treatment appeared in 2015, described as providing "a broad portrait of nanozymes in the context of artificial enzyme research",<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wang |first1=Xiaoyu |last2=Guo |first2=Wenjing |last3=Hu |first3=Yihui |last4=Wu |first4=Jiangjiexing |last5=Wei |first5=Hui |title=Nanozymes: Next Wave of Artificial Enzymes |date=2016 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-662-53068-9 }}{{page needed|date=April 2020}}</ref> and a 2016 Chinese book on enzyme engineering included a chapter on nanozymes.<ref>
{{Cite book
  |title=酶工程(第3版)
  |last=李正强|first=副 罗贵民 主编 高仁钧
  |date=2016-05-01|publisher=化学工业出版社|isbn=978-7-122-25760-4|edition=第3版
}}{{page needed|date=April 2020}}</ref>

Colorimetric applications of peroxidase mimesis in different preparations were reported in 2010 and 2011, detecting, respectively, glucose (via carboxyl-modified [[graphene]] oxide)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Song |first1=Yujun |last2=Qu |first2=Konggang |last3=Zhao |first3=Chao |last4=Ren |first4=Jinsong |last5=Qu |first5=Xiaogang |title=Graphene Oxide: Intrinsic Peroxidase Catalytic Activity and Its Application to Glucose Detection |journal=Advanced Materials |date=5 March 2010 |volume=22 |issue=19 |pages=2206–2210 |doi=10.1002/adma.200903783 |pmid=20564257 |bibcode=2010AdM....22.2206S |s2cid=190019 }}</ref> and [[single-nucleotide polymorphism]]s (in a label-free method relying on [[hemin]]−graphene hybrid nanosheets),<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Guo |first1=Yujing |last2=Deng |first2=Liu |last3=Li |first3=Jing |last4=Guo |first4=Shaojun |last5=Wang |first5=Erkang |last6=Dong |first6=Shaojun |title=Hemin−Graphene Hybrid Nanosheets with Intrinsic Peroxidase-like Activity for Label-free Colorimetric Detection of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism |journal=ACS Nano |date=10 January 2011 |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=1282–1290 |doi=10.1021/nn1029586 |pmid=21218851 }}</ref> with advantages in both cost and convenience. A use of colour to visualise tumour tissues was reported in 2012, using the peroxidase mimesis of magnetic nanoparticles coated with a protein that recognises cancer cells and binds to them.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fan |first1=Kelong |last2=Cao |first2=Changqian |last3=Pan |first3=Yongxin |last4=Lu |first4=Di |last5=Yang |first5=Dongling |last6=Feng |first6=Jing |last7=Song |first7=Lina |last8=Liang |first8=Minmin |last9=Yan |first9=Xiyun |title=Magnetoferritin nanoparticles for targeting and visualizing tumour tissues |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=17 June 2012 |volume=7 |issue=7 |pages=459–464 |doi=10.1038/nnano.2012.90 |pmid=22706697 |bibcode=2012NatNa...7..459F |s2cid=19859273 }}</ref>

Also in 2012, nanowires of [[Vanadium(V) oxide|vanadium pentoxide]] (vanadia, V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) were shown to suppress marine biofouling by mimicry of vanadium haloperoxidase, with anticipated ecological benefits.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Natalio |first1=Filipe |last2=André |first2=Rute |last3=Hartog |first3=Aloysius F. |last4=Stoll |first4=Brigitte |last5=Jochum |first5=Klaus Peter |last6=Wever |first6=Ron |last7=Tremel |first7=Wolfgang |title=Vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles mimic vanadium haloperoxidases and thwart biofilm formation |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=1 July 2012 |volume=7 |issue=8 |pages=530–535 |doi=10.1038/nnano.2012.91 |pmid=22751222 |bibcode=2012NatNa...7..530N }}</ref> A study at a different centre two years later reported V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> showing mimicry of glutathione peroxidase in vitro in mammalian cells, suggesting future therapeutic application.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vernekar |first1=Amit A. |last2=Sinha |first2=Devanjan |last3=Srivastava |first3=Shubhi |last4=Paramasivam |first4=Prasath U. |last5=D'Silva |first5=Patrick |last6=Mugesh |first6=Govindasamy |title=An antioxidant nanozyme that uncovers the cytoprotective potential of vanadia nanowires |journal=Nature Communications |date=21 November 2014 |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=5301 |doi=10.1038/ncomms6301 |pmid=25412933 |bibcode=2014NatCo...5.5301V |doi-access=free }}</ref> The same year, a carboxylated [[fullerene]] dubbed C3 was reported to be neuroprotective in a primate model of [[Parkinson's disease]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dugan |first1=Laura L. |last2=Tian |first2=LinLin |last3=Quick |first3=Kevin L. |last4=Hardt |first4=Josh I. |last5=Karimi |first5=Morvarid |last6=Brown |first6=Chris |last7=Loftin |first7=Susan |last8=Flores |first8=Hugh |last9=Moerlein |first9=Stephen M. |last10=Polich |first10=John |last11=Tabbal |first11=Samer D. |last12=Mink |first12=Jonathan W. |last13=Perlmutter |first13=Joel S. |title=Carboxyfullerene neuroprotection postinjury in Parkinsonian nonhuman primates |journal=Annals of Neurology |date=September 2014 |volume=76 |issue=3 |pages=393–402 |doi=10.1002/ana.24220 |pmid=25043598 |pmc=4165715 }}</ref>
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  **  See Talk#Artificial enzyme results?  **
  I'm dropping this paper from reader view because I'm not at all sure that the polyoxometalate derivatives mentioned (in the abstract) are enzyme-mimics at all?!  The "peroxidase-like activity" mentioned there is activity of amyloid-β/haem, not the polyoxometalate being studied!

  Peroxidase-like polyoxometalate derivatives were developed as functional anti-amyloid agents for Alzheimer's disease.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gao |first1=Nan |last2=Sun |first2=Hanjun |last3=Dong |first3=Kai |last4=Ren |first4=Jinsong |last5=Duan |first5=Taicheng |last6=Xu |first6=Can |last7=Qu |first7=Xiaogang |title=Transition-metal-substituted polyoxometalate derivatives as functional anti-amyloid agents for Alzheimer's disease |journal=Nature Communications |date=4 March 2014 |volume=5 |issue=1 |doi=10.1038/ncomms4422 |pmid=24595206 |bibcode=2014NatCo...5E3422G }}</ref>

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In 2015, a [[Supramolecular chemistry|supramolecular]] nanodevice was proposed for [[Bioorthogonal chemistry|bioorthogonal]] regulation of a transitional metal nanozyme, based on encapsulating the nanozyme in a monolayer of hydrophilic gold nanoparticles, alternately isolating it from the cytoplasm or allowing access according to a gatekeeping receptor molecule controlled by competing [[Host–guest chemistry|guest]] species; the device, aimed at imaging and therapeutic applications, is of biomimetic size and was successful within the living cell, controlling pro-[[fluorophore]] and [[prodrug]] activation.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tonga |first1=Gulen Yesilbag |last2=Jeong |first2=Youngdo |last3=Duncan |first3=Bradley |last4=Mizuhara |first4=Tsukasa |last5=Mout |first5=Rubul |last6=Das |first6=Riddha |last7=Kim |first7=Sung Tae |last8=Yeh |first8=Yi-Cheun |last9=Yan |first9=Bo |last10=Hou |first10=Singyuk |last11=Rotello |first11=Vincent M. |title=Supramolecular regulation of bioorthogonal catalysis in cells using nanoparticle-embedded transition metal catalysts |journal=Nature Chemistry |date=23 June 2015 |volume=7 |issue=7 |pages=597–603 |doi=10.1038/nchem.2284 |pmid=26100809 |pmc=5697749 |bibcode=2015NatCh...7..597T }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Unciti-Broceta |first1=Asier |title=Rise of the nanobots |journal=Nature Chemistry |date=23 June 2015 |volume=7 |issue=7 |pages=538–539 |doi=10.1038/nchem.2291 |pmid=26100798 |bibcode=2015NatCh...7..538U }}</ref> An easy means of producing {{ chem | Cu(OH)|2 }} supercages was reported, along with a demonstration of their intrinsic peroxidase mimicry.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cai |first1=Ren |last2=Yang |first2=Dan |last3=Peng |first3=Shengjie |last4=Chen |first4=Xigao |last5=Huang |first5=Yun |last6=Liu |first6=Yuan |last7=Hou |first7=Weijia |last8=Yang |first8=Shengyuan |last9=Liu |first9=Zhenbao |last10=Tan |first10=Weihong |title=Single Nanoparticle to 3D Supercage: Framing for an Artificial Enzyme System |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=23 October 2015 |volume=137 |issue=43 |pages=13957–13963 |doi=10.1021/jacs.5b09337 |pmid=26464081 |pmc=4927331 }}</ref> A scaffolded "INAzyme" ("integrated nanozyme") arrangement was described, locating [[hemin]] (a peroxidase mimic) with [[glucose oxidase]] (GOx) in sub-micron proximity, providing a fast and efficient enzyme cascade reported as monitoring cerebral brain-cell glucose dynamically ''in vivo''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=Hanjun |last2=Zhang |first2=Lei |last3=He |first3=Jian |last4=Guo |first4=Wenjing |last5=Zhou |first5=Zhengyang |last6=Zhang |first6=Xuejin |last7=Nie |first7=Shuming |last8=Wei |first8=Hui |title=Integrated Nanozymes with Nanoscale Proximity for in Vivo Neurochemical Monitoring in Living Brains |journal=Analytical Chemistry |date=6 May 2016 |volume=88 |issue=10 |pages=5489–5497 |doi=10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00975 |pmid=27067749}}
*{{cite web |date=April 13, 2016 |title=Integrated nanozymes for brain chemistry |website=Phys.org |url=http://phys.org/news/2016-04-nanozymes-brain-chemistry.html}}</ref> A method of ionising hydrophobe-stabilised colloid nanoparticles was described, with confirmation of their enzyme mimicry in aqueous dispersion.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Yuan |last2=Purich |first2=Daniel L. |last3=Wu |first3=Cuichen |last4=Wu |first4=Yuan |last5=Chen |first5=Tao |last6=Cui |first6=Cheng |last7=Zhang |first7=Liqin |last8=Cansiz |first8=Sena |last9=Hou |first9=Weijia |last10=Wang |first10=Yanyue |last11=Yang |first11=Shengyuan |last12=Tan |first12=Weihong |title=Ionic Functionalization of Hydrophobic Colloidal Nanoparticles To Form Ionic Nanoparticles with Enzymelike Properties |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=20 November 2015 |volume=137 |issue=47 |pages=14952–14958 |doi=10.1021/jacs.5b08533 |pmid=26562739 |pmc=4898269 }}</ref> [[De novo protein structure prediction|''De novo'' designed]] [[Metallopeptide|metallopeptides]] with self-assembling properties carry out the oxidation reaction of dimethoxyphenol.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Makhlynets |first1=Olga V. |last2=Gosavi |first2=Pallavi M. |last3=Korendovych |first3=Ivan V. |date=2016-07-25 |title=Short Self-Assembling Peptides Are Able to Bind to Copper and Activate Oxygen |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |language=en |volume=55 |issue=31 |pages=9017–9020 |doi=10.1002/anie.201602480 |issn=1433-7851 |pmc=5064842 |pmid=27276534}}</ref>

Field trials in West Africa were announced of a magnetic nanoparticle–amplified rapid low-cost strip test for [[Ebola virus]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.elsevier.com/atlas/story/people/new-ebola-test-to-make-diagnosis-easier,-faster-and-cheaper |title=New Ebola test to make diagnosis easier, faster and cheaper |publisher=Elsevier |date=1 December 2015 }}{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814023812/https://www.elsevier.com/atlas/story/people/new-ebola-test-to-make-diagnosis-easier,-faster-and-cheaper |archive-date=14 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Duan |first1=Demin |last2=Fan |first2=Kelong |last3=Zhang |first3=Dexi |last4=Tan |first4=Shuguang |last5=Liang |first5=Mifang |last6=Liu |first6=Yang |last7=Zhang |first7=Jianlin |last8=Zhang |first8=Panhe |last9=Liu |first9=Wei |last10=Qiu |first10=Xiangguo |last11=Kobinger |first11=Gary P. |last12=Fu Gao |first12=George |last13=Yan |first13=Xiyun |title=Nanozyme-strip for rapid local diagnosis of Ebola |journal=Biosensors and Bioelectronics |date=December 2015 |volume=74 |pages=134–141 |doi=10.1016/j.bios.2015.05.025 |pmid=26134291 |doi-access=free }}</ref> {{chem|H|2|O|2}} was reported as displacing label DNA, adsorbed to nanoceria, into solution, where it fluoresces, providing a highly sensitive glucose test.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Biwu |last2=Sun |first2=Ziyi |last3=Huang |first3=Po-Jung Jimmy |last4=Liu |first4=Juewen |title=Hydrogen Peroxide Displacing DNA from Nanoceria: Mechanism and Detection of Glucose in Serum |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=20 January 2015 |volume=137 |issue=3 |pages=1290–1295 |doi=10.1021/ja511444e |pmid=25574932 |doi-access=free }}</ref> [[Oxidase]]-like nanoceria was used for developing self-regulated bioassays.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=Hanjun |last2=Lin |first2=Shichao |last3=Muhammad |first3=Faheem |last4=Lin |first4=Ying-Wu |last5=Wei |first5=Hui |title=Rationally Modulate the Oxidase-like Activity of Nanoceria for Self-Regulated Bioassays |journal=ACS Sensors |date=November 2016 |volume=1 |issue=11 |pages=1336–1343 |doi=10.1021/acssensors.6b00500 }}</ref> Multi-enzyme mimicking [[Prussian blue]] was developed for therapeutics.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Wei |last2=Hu |first2=Sunling |last3=Yin |first3=Jun-Jie |last4=He |first4=Weiwei |last5=Lu |first5=Wei |last6=Ma |first6=Ming |last7=Gu |first7=Ning |last8=Zhang |first8=Yu |title=Prussian Blue Nanoparticles as Multienzyme Mimetics and Reactive Oxygen Species Scavengers |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=9 March 2016 |volume=138 |issue=18 |pages=5860–5865 |doi=10.1021/jacs.5b12070 |pmid=26918394 |s2cid=207162387 }}</ref> A review on metal organic framework (MOF)-based enzyme mimics was published.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nath |first1=Ipsita |last2=Chakraborty |first2=Jeet |last3=Verpoort |first3=Francis |title=Metal organic frameworks mimicking natural enzymes: a structural and functional analogy |journal=Chemical Society Reviews |date=2016 |volume=45 |issue=15 |pages=4127–4170 |doi=10.1039/c6cs00047a |pmid=27251115 }}</ref> Histidine was used to modulate iron oxide nanoparticles' peroxidase-mimicking activities.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fan |first1=Kelong |last2=Wang |first2=Hui |last3=Xi |first3=Juqun |last4=Liu |first4=Qi |last5=Meng |first5=Xiangqin |last6=Duan |first6=Demin |last7=Gao |first7=Lizeng |last8=Yan |first8=Xiyun |title=Optimization of Fe3O4 nanozyme activity via single amino acid modification mimicking an enzyme active site |journal=Chemical Communications |date=2017 |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=424–427 |doi=10.1039/c6cc08542c |pmid=27959363 |s2cid=1204530 }}</ref> Gold nanoparticles' peroxidase-mimicking activities were modulated via a [[Supramolecular chemistry|supramolecular]] strategy for cascade reactions.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Yan |last2=Huang |first2=Yucheng |last3=Zhu |first3=Hui |last4=Zhu |first4=Qingqing |last5=Xia |first5=Yunsheng |title=Three-in-One: Sensing, Self-Assembly, and Cascade Catalysis of Cyclodextrin Modified Gold Nanoparticles |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=16 December 2016 |volume=138 |issue=51 |pages=16645–16654 |doi=10.1021/jacs.6b07590 |pmid=27983807 }}</ref> A molecular imprinting strategy was developed to improve the selectivity of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozymes with peroxidase-like activity.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Zijie |last2=Zhang |first2=Xiaohan |last3=Liu |first3=Biwu |last4=Liu |first4=Juewen |title=Molecular Imprinting on Inorganic Nanozymes for Hundred-fold Enzyme Specificity |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=5 April 2017 |volume=139 |issue=15 |pages=5412–5419 |doi=10.1021/jacs.7b00601 |pmid=28345903 }}</ref> A new strategy was developed to enhance the peroxidase-mimicking activity of gold nanoparticles by using hot electrons.<ref name="WangShi2017">{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Chen |last2=Shi |first2=Yi |last3=Dan |first3=Yuan-Yuan |last4=Nie |first4=Xing-Guo |last5=Li |first5=Jian |last6=Xia |first6=Xing-Hua |title=Enhanced Peroxidase-Like Performance of Gold Nanoparticles by Hot Electrons |journal=Chemistry - A European Journal |date=17 May 2017 |volume=23 |issue=28 |pages=6717–6723 |doi=10.1002/chem.201605380 |pmid=28217846 }}</ref> Researchers designed gold nanoparticle–based integrative nanozymes with both surface-enhanced Raman scattering and peroxidase-mimicking activities for measuring glucose and lactate in living tissues.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hu |first1=Yihui |last2=Cheng |first2=Hanjun |last3=Zhao |first3=Xiaozhi |last4=Wu |first4=Jiangjiexing |last5=Muhammad |first5=Faheem |last6=Lin |first6=Shichao |last7=He |first7=Jian |last8=Zhou |first8=Liqi |last9=Zhang |first9=Chengping |last10=Deng |first10=Yu |last11=Wang |first11=Peng |last12=Zhou |first12=Zhengyang |last13=Nie |first13=Shuming |last14=Wei |first14=Hui |title=Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Active Gold Nanoparticles with Enzyme-Mimicking Activities for Measuring Glucose and Lactate in Living Tissues |journal=ACS Nano |date=June 2017 |volume=11 |issue=6 |pages=5558–5566 |doi=10.1021/acsnano.7b00905 |pmid=28549217 }}</ref> Cytochrome ''c'' oxidase mimicking activity of Cu<sub>2</sub>O nanoparticles was modulated by receiving electrons from cytochrome ''c''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Ming |last2=Wang |first2=Zhonghua |last3=Shu |first3=Jinxia |last4=Jiang |first4=Xiaohui |last5=Wang |first5=Wei |last6=Shi |first6=Zhen-Hua |last7=Lin |first7=Ying-Wu |title=Mimicking a Natural Enzyme System: Cytochrome c Oxidase-Like Activity of Cu2O Nanoparticles by Receiving Electrons from Cytochrome c |journal=Inorganic Chemistry |date=28 July 2017 |volume=56 |issue=16 |pages=9400–9403 |doi=10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01393 |pmid=28753305 }}</ref> Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were combined with glucose oxidase for tumor therapeutics.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Huo |first1=Minfeng |last2=Wang |first2=Liying |last3=Chen |first3=Yu |last4=Shi |first4=Jianlin |title=Tumor-selective catalytic nanomedicine by nanocatalyst delivery |journal=Nature Communications |date=25 August 2017 |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=357 |doi=10.1038/s41467-017-00424-8 |pmid=28842577 |pmc=5572465 |bibcode=2017NatCo...8..357H }}</ref> Manganese dioxide nanozymes were used as cytoprotective shells.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Wei |last2=Liu |first2=Zhen |last3=Liu |first3=Chaoqun |last4=Guan |first4=Yijia |last5=Ren |first5=Jinsong |last6=Qu |first6=Xiaogang |title=Manganese Dioxide Nanozymes as Responsive Cytoprotective Shells for Individual Living Cell Encapsulation |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=23 October 2017 |volume=56 |issue=44 |pages=13661–13665 |doi=10.1002/anie.201706910 |pmid=28884490 }}</ref> An Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozyme for Parkinson's disease (cellular model) was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Singh |first1=Namrata |last2=Savanur |first2=Mohammed Azharuddin |last3=Srivastava |first3=Shubhi |last4=D'Silva |first4=Patrick |last5=Mugesh |first5=Govindasamy |title=A Redox Modulatory Mn3O4 Nanozyme with Multi-Enzyme Activity Provides Efficient Cytoprotection to Human Cells in a Parkinson's Disease Model |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=6 November 2017 |volume=56 |issue=45 |pages=14267–14271 |doi=10.1002/anie.201708573 |pmid=28922532 }}</ref> Heparin elimination in live rats was monitored with two-dimensional MOF-based peroxidase mimics and AG73 peptide.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=Hanjun |last2=Liu |first2=Yufeng |last3=Hu |first3=Yihui |last4=Ding |first4=Yubin |last5=Lin |first5=Shichao |last6=Cao |first6=Wen |last7=Wang |first7=Qian |last8=Wu |first8=Jiangjiexing |last9=Muhammad |first9=Faheem |last10=Zhao |first10=Xiaozhi |last11=Zhao |first11=Dan |last12=Li |first12=Zhe |last13=Xing |first13=Hang |last14=Wei |first14=Hui |title=Monitoring of Heparin Activity in Live Rats Using Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets as Peroxidase Mimics |journal=Analytical Chemistry |date=23 October 2017 |volume=89 |issue=21 |pages=11552–11559 |doi=10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02895 |pmid=28992698 }}</ref> Glucose oxidase and iron oxide nanozymes were encapsulated within multi-compartmental hydrogels for incompatible tandem reactions.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tan |first1=Hongliang |last2=Guo |first2=Song |last3=Dinh |first3=Ngoc-Duy |last4=Luo |first4=Rongcong |last5=Jin |first5=Lin |last6=Chen |first6=Chia-Hung |title=Heterogeneous multi-compartmental hydrogel particles as synthetic cells for incompatible tandem reactions |journal=Nature Communications |date=22 September 2017 |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=663 |doi=10.1038/s41467-017-00757-4 |pmid=28939810 |pmc=5610232 |bibcode=2017NatCo...8..663T }}</ref> A cascade nanozyme biosensor was developed for detection of viable ''Enterobacter sakazakii''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Li |last2=Chen |first2=Yuting |last3=Cheng |first3=Nan |last4=Xu |first4=Yuancong |last5=Huang |first5=Kunlun |last6=Luo |first6=Yunbo |last7=Wang |first7=Peixia |last8=Duan |first8=Demin |last9=Xu |first9=Wentao |title=Ultrasensitive Detection of Viable Enterobacter sakazakii by a Continual Cascade Nanozyme Biosensor |journal=Analytical Chemistry |date=20 September 2017 |volume=89 |issue=19 |pages=10194–10200 |doi=10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01266 |pmid=28881135 }}</ref> An integrated nanozyme of GOx@ZIF-8(NiPd) was developed for tandem catalysis.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Qingqing |last2=Zhang |first2=Xueping |last3=Huang |first3=Liang |last4=Zhang |first4=Zhiquan |last5=Dong |first5=Shaojun |title=GOx@ZIF-8(NiPd) Nanoflower: An Artificial Enzyme System for Tandem Catalysis |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=11 December 2017 |volume=56 |issue=50 |pages=16082–16085 |doi=10.1002/anie.201710418 |pmid=29119659 }}</ref> Charge-switchable nanozymes were developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gupta |first1=Akash |last2=Das |first2=Riddha |last3=Yesilbag Tonga |first3=Gulen |last4=Mizuhara |first4=Tsukasa |last5=Rotello |first5=Vincent M. |title=Charge-Switchable Nanozymes for Bioorthogonal Imaging of Biofilm-Associated Infections |journal=ACS Nano |date=21 December 2017 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=89–94 |doi=10.1021/acsnano.7b07496 |pmid=29244484 |pmc=5846330 }}</ref> Site-selective RNA splicing nanozyme was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Petree |first1=Jessica R. |last2=Yehl |first2=Kevin |last3=Galior |first3=Kornelia |last4=Glazier |first4=Roxanne |last5=Deal |first5=Brendan |last6=Salaita |first6=Khalid |title=Site-Selective RNA Splicing Nanozyme: DNAzyme and RtcB Conjugates on a Gold Nanoparticle |journal=ACS Chemical Biology |date=19 December 2017 |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=215–224 |doi=10.1021/acschembio.7b00437 |pmid=29155548 |pmc=6085866 }}</ref> A nanozymes special issue in ''Progress in Biochemistry and Biophysics'' was published.<ref>
{{Cite web
  |url=http://www.pibb.ac.cn/pibbcn/ch/reader/issue_list.aspx?year_id=2018&quarter_id=2
  |title=An issue for nanozymes research
  |website=www.pibb.ac.cn|access-date=2018-02-06
}}</ref> Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozymes with the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species were developed and showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yao |first1=Jia |last2=Cheng |first2=Yuan |last3=Zhou |first3=Min |last4=Zhao |first4=Sheng |last5=Lin |first5=Shichao |last6=Wang |first6=Xiaoyu |last7=Wu |first7=Jiangjiexing |last8=Li |first8=Sirong |last9=Wei |first9=Hui |title=ROS scavenging Mn3O4 nanozymes for in vivo anti-inflammation |journal=Chemical Science |date=2018 |volume=9 |issue=11 |pages=2927–2933 |doi=10.1039/c7sc05476a |pmid=29732076 |pmc=5915792 }}</ref> A proposal entitled "A Step into the Future – Applications of Nanoparticle Enzyme Mimics" was presented.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Korschelt |first1=Karsten |last2=Tahir |first2=Muhammad Nawaz |last3=Tremel |first3=Wolfgang |title=A Step into the Future: Applications of Nanoparticle Enzyme Mimics |journal=Chemistry - A European Journal |date=11 July 2018 |volume=24 |issue=39 |pages=9703–9713 |doi=10.1002/chem.201800384 |pmid=29447433 }}</ref> Facet-dependent oxidase and peroxidase-like activities of palladium nanoparticles were reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fang |first1=Ge |last2=Li |first2=Weifeng |last3=Shen |first3=Xiaomei |last4=Perez-Aguilar |first4=Jose Manuel |last5=Chong |first5=Yu |last6=Gao |first6=Xingfa |last7=Chai |first7=Zhifang |last8=Chen |first8=Chunying |last9=Ge |first9=Cuicui |last10=Zhou |first10=Ruhong |title=Differential Pd-nanocrystal facets demonstrate distinct antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria |journal=Nature Communications |date=9 January 2018 |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=129 |doi=10.1038/s41467-017-02502-3 |pmid=29317632 |pmc=5760645 |bibcode=2018NatCo...9..129F }}</ref> Au@Pt multibranched nanostructures as bifunctional nanozymes were developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wu |first1=Jiangjiexing |last2=Qin |first2=Kang |last3=Yuan |first3=Dan |last4=Tan |first4=Jun |last5=Qin |first5=Li |last6=Zhang |first6=Xuejin |last7=Wei |first7=Hui |title=Rational Design of Au@Pt Multibranched Nanostructures as Bifunctional Nanozymes |journal=ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces |date=26 March 2018 |volume=10 |issue=15 |pages=12954–12959 |doi=10.1021/acsami.7b17945 |pmid=29577720 }}</ref> Ferritin-coated carbon nanozymes were developed for tumor catalytic therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fan |first1=Kelong |last2=Xi |first2=Juqun |last3=Fan |first3=Lei |last4=Wang |first4=Peixia |last5=Zhu |first5=Chunhua |last6=Tang |first6=Yan |last7=Xu |first7=Xiangdong |last8=Liang |first8=Minmin |last9=Jiang |first9=Bing |last10=Yan |first10=Xiyun |last11=Gao |first11=Lizeng |title=In vivo guiding nitrogen-doped carbon nanozyme for tumor catalytic therapy |journal=Nature Communications |date=12 April 2018 |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=1440 |doi=10.1038/s41467-018-03903-8 |pmid=29650959 |pmc=5897348 |bibcode=2018NatCo...9.1440F }}</ref> CuO nanozymes were developed to kill bacteria in a light-controlled manner.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Karim |first1=Md. Nurul |last2=Singh |first2=Mandeep |last3=Weerathunge |first3=Pabudi |last4=Bian |first4=Pengju |last5=Zheng |first5=Rongkun |last6=Dekiwadia |first6=Chaitali |last7=Ahmed |first7=Taimur |last8=Walia |first8=Sumeet |last9=Della Gaspera |first9=Enrico |last10=Singh |first10=Sanjay |last11=Ramanathan |first11=Rajesh |last12=Bansal |first12=Vipul |title=Visible-Light-Triggered Reactive-Oxygen-Species-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of Peroxidase-Mimic CuO Nanorods |journal=ACS Applied Nano Materials |date=6 March 2018 |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=1694–1704 |doi=10.1021/acsanm.8b00153 }}</ref> Enzymatic activity of oxygenated CNT was studied.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Huan |last2=Li |first2=Penghui |last3=Yu |first3=Dongqin |last4=Zhang |first4=Yan |last5=Wang |first5=Zhenzhen |last6=Liu |first6=Chaoqun |last7=Qiu |first7=Hao |last8=Liu |first8=Zhen |last9=Ren |first9=Jinsong |last10=Qu |first10=Xiaogang |title=Unraveling the Enzymatic Activity of Oxygenated Carbon Nanotubes and Their Application in the Treatment of Bacterial Infections |journal=Nano Letters |date=15 May 2018 |volume=18 |issue=6 |pages=3344–3351 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b05095 |pmid=29763562 |bibcode=2018NanoL..18.3344W }}</ref> Nanozymes were used to catalyze the oxidation of <small>L</small>-tyrosine and <small>L</small>-phenylalanine to dopachrome.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hou |first1=Jianwen |last2=Vázquez-González |first2=Margarita |last3=Fadeev |first3=Michael |last4=Liu |first4=Xia |last5=Lavi |first5=Ronit |last6=Willner |first6=Itamar |title=Catalyzed and Electrocatalyzed Oxidation of l-Tyrosine and l-Phenylalanine to Dopachrome by Nanozymes |journal=Nano Letters |date=10 May 2018 |volume=18 |issue=6 |pages=4015–4022 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01522 |pmid=29745234 |bibcode=2018NanoL..18.4015H }}</ref> Nanozymes were presented as an emerging alternative to natural enzyme for biosensing and immunoassays.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Qingqing |last2=Wei |first2=Hui |last3=Zhang |first3=Zhiquan |last4=Wang |first4=Erkang |last5=Dong |first5=Shaojun |title=Nanozyme: An emerging alternative to natural enzyme for biosensing and immunoassay |journal=TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry |date=August 2018 |volume=105 |pages=218–224 |doi=10.1016/j.trac.2018.05.012 }}</ref> A standardized assay was proposed for peroxidase-like nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jiang |first1=Bing |last2=Duan |first2=Demin |last3=Gao |first3=Lizeng |last4=Zhou |first4=Mengjie |last5=Fan |first5=Kelong |last6=Tang |first6=Yan |last7=Xi |first7=Juqun |last8=Bi |first8=Yuhai |last9=Tong |first9=Zhou |last10=Gao |first10=George Fu |last11=Xie |first11=Ni |last12=Tang |first12=Aifa |last13=Nie |first13=Guohui |last14=Liang |first14=Minmin |last15=Yan |first15=Xiyun |title=Standardized assays for determining the catalytic activity and kinetics of peroxidase-like nanozymes |journal=Nature Protocols |date=2 July 2018 |volume=13 |issue=7 |pages=1506–1520 |doi=10.1038/s41596-018-0001-1 |pmid=29967547 |s2cid=49558769 }}</ref> Semiconductor quantum dots were utilized as nucleases for site-selective photoinduced cleavage of DNA.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sun |first1=Maozhong |last2=Xu |first2=Liguang |last3=Qu |first3=Aihua |last4=Zhao |first4=Peng |last5=Hao |first5=Tiantian |last6=Ma |first6=Wei |last7=Hao |first7=Changlong |last8=Wen |first8=Xiaodong |last9=Colombari |first9=Felippe M. |last10=de Moura |first10=Andre F. |last11=Kotov |first11=Nicholas A. |last12=Xu |first12=Chuanlai |last13=Kuang |first13=Hua |title=Site-selective photoinduced cleavage and profiling of DNA by chiral semiconductor nanoparticles |journal=Nature Chemistry |date=20 July 2018 |volume=10 |issue=8 |pages=821–830 |doi=10.1038/s41557-018-0083-y |pmid=30030537 |bibcode=2018NatCh..10..821S |s2cid=51705012 }}</ref> Two-dimensional MOF nanozyme-based [[sensor array]]s were constructed for detecting phosphates and probing their enzymatic hydrolysis.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Qin |first1=Li |last2=Wang |first2=Xiaoyu |last3=Liu |first3=Yufeng |last4=Wei |first4=Hui |title=2D-Metal–Organic-Framework-Nanozyme Sensor Arrays for Probing Phosphates and Their Enzymatic Hydrolysis |journal=Analytical Chemistry |date=25 July 2018 |volume=90 |issue=16 |pages=9983–9989 |doi=10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02428 |pmid=30044077 |s2cid=51715627 }}</ref> Nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials as specific peroxidase mimics were reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hu |first1=Yihui |last2=Gao |first2=Xuejiao J. |last3=Zhu |first3=Yunyao |last4=Muhammad |first4=Faheem |last5=Tan |first5=Shihua |last6=Cao |first6=Wen |last7=Lin |first7=Shichao |last8=Jin |first8=Zhong |last9=Gao |first9=Xingfa |last10=Wei |first10=Hui |title=Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanomaterials as Highly Active and Specific Peroxidase Mimics |journal=Chemistry of Materials |date=20 August 2018 |volume=30 |issue=18 |pages=6431–6439 |doi=10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02726 |s2cid=106300299 }}</ref> Nanozyme sensor arrays were developed to detect analytes from small molecules to proteins and cells.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Xiaoyu |last2=Qin |first2=Li |last3=Zhou |first3=Min |last4=Lou |first4=Zhangping |last5=Wei |first5=Hui |title=Nanozyme Sensor Arrays for Detecting Versatile Analytes from Small Molecules to Proteins and Cells |journal=Analytical Chemistry |date=3 September 2018 |volume=90 |issue=19 |pages=11696–11702 |doi=10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03374 |pmid=30175585 |s2cid=52144288 }}</ref> A copper oxide nanozyme for Parkinson's disease was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hao |first1=Changlong |last2=Qu |first2=Aihua |last3=Xu |first3=Liguang |last4=Sun |first4=Maozhong |last5=Zhang |first5=Hongyu |last6=Xu |first6=Chuanlai |last7=Kuang |first7=Hua |title=Chiral Molecule-mediated Porous CuxO Nanoparticle Clusters with Antioxidation Activity for Ameliorating Parkinson's Disease |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=12 December 2018 |volume=141 |issue=2 |pages=1091–1099 |doi=10.1021/jacs.8b11856 |pmid=30540450 |s2cid=195670970 }}</ref> Exosome-like nanozyme vesicles for tumor imaging were developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ding |first1=Hui |last2=Cai |first2=Yanjuan |last3=Gao |first3=Lizeng |last4=Liang |first4=Minmin |last5=Miao |first5=Beiping |last6=Wu |first6=Hanwei |last7=Liu |first7=Yang |last8=Xie |first8=Ni |last9=Tang |first9=Aifa |last10=Fan |first10=Kelong |last11=Yan |first11=Xiyun |last12=Nie |first12=Guohui |title=Exosome-like Nanozyme Vesicles for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Responsive Catalytic Photoacoustic Imaging of Xenograft Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |journal=Nano Letters |date=12 December 2018 |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=203–209 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03709 |pmid=30539641 |s2cid=54475613 }}</ref> A comprehensive review on nanozymes was published by ''Chemical Society Reviews''.<ref name=pmid30534770/> A progress report on nanozymes was published.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Hui |last2=Wan |first2=Kaiwei |last3=Shi |first3=Xinghua |title=Recent Advances in Nanozyme Research |journal=Advanced Materials |date=27 December 2018 |volume=31 |issue=45 |pages=1805368 |doi=10.1002/adma.201805368 |pmid=30589120 |s2cid=58661537 }}</ref> ''e''g occupancy as an effective descriptor was developed for the catalytic activity of perovskite oxide–based peroxidase mimics.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Xiaoyu |last2=Gao |first2=Xuejiao J. |last3=Qin |first3=Li |last4=Wang |first4=Changda |last5=Song |first5=Li |last6=Zhou |first6=Yong-Ning |last7=Zhu |first7=Guoyin |last8=Cao |first8=Wen |last9=Lin |first9=Shichao |last10=Zhou |first10=Liqi |last11=Wang |first11=Kang |last12=Zhang |first12=Huigang |last13=Jin |first13=Zhong |last14=Wang |first14=Peng |last15=Gao |first15=Xingfa |last16=Wei |first16=Hui |title=eg occupancy as an effective descriptor for the catalytic activity of perovskite oxide-based peroxidase mimics |journal=Nature Communications |date=11 February 2019 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=704 |doi=10.1038/s41467-019-08657-5 |pmid=30741958 |pmc=6370761 |bibcode=2019NatCo..10..704W }}</ref> A ''Chemical Reviews'' paper on nanozymes was published.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Huang |first1=Yanyan |last2=Ren |first2=Jinsong |last3=Qu |first3=Xiaogang |title=Nanozymes: Classification, Catalytic Mechanisms, Activity Regulation, and Applications |journal=Chemical Reviews |date=25 February 2019 |volume=119 |issue=6 |pages=4357–4412 |doi=10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00672 |pmid=30801188 |s2cid=73479528 }}</ref> A single-atom strategy was used to develop nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Huang |first1=Liang |last2=Chen |first2=Jinxing |last3=Gan |first3=Linfeng |last4=Wang |first4=Jin |last5=Dong |first5=Shaojun |title=Single-atom nanozymes |journal=Science Advances |date=3 May 2019 |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=eaav5490 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aav5490 |pmid=31058221 |pmc=6499548 |bibcode=2019SciA....5.5490H }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ma |first1=Wenjie |last2=Mao |first2=Junjie |last3=Yang |first3=Xiaoti |last4=Pan |first4=Cong |last5=Chen |first5=Wenxing |last6=Wang |first6=Ming |last7=Yu |first7=Ping |last8=Mao |first8=Lanqun |last9=Li |first9=Yadong |title=A single-atom Fe–N4 catalytic site mimicking bifunctional antioxidative enzymes for oxidative stress cytoprotection |journal=Chemical Communications |date=2019 |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=159–162 |doi=10.1039/c8cc08116f |pmid=30465670 |s2cid=53722839 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Chao |last2=Xiong |first2=Can |last3=Liu |first3=Xiaokang |last4=Qiao |first4=Man |last5=Li |first5=Zhijun |last6=Yuan |first6=Tongwei |last7=Wang |first7=Jing |last8=Qu |first8=Yunteng |last9=Wang |first9=XiaoQian |last10=Zhou |first10=Fangyao |last11=Xu |first11=Qian |last12=Wang |first12=Shiqi |last13=Chen |first13=Min |last14=Wang |first14=Wenyu |last15=Li |first15=Yafei |last16=Yao |first16=Tao |last17=Wu |first17=Yuen |last18=Li |first18=Yadong |title=Unraveling the enzyme-like activity of heterogeneous single atom catalyst |journal=Chemical Communications |date=2019 |volume=55 |issue=16 |pages=2285–2288 |doi=10.1039/c9cc00199a |pmid=30694288 |s2cid=59339217 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xu |first1=Bolong |last2=Wang |first2=Hui |last3=Wang |first3=Weiwei |last4=Gao |first4=Lizeng |last5=Li |first5=Shanshan |last6=Pan |first6=Xueting |last7=Wang |first7=Hongyu |last8=Yang |first8=Hailong |last9=Meng |first9=Xiangqin |last10=Wu |first10=Qiuwen |last11=Zheng |first11=Lirong |last12=Chen |first12=Shenming |last13=Shi |first13=Xinghua |last14=Fan |first14=Kelong |last15=Yan |first15=Xiyun |last16=Liu |first16=Huiyu |title=A Single-Atom Nanozyme for Wound Disinfection Applications |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=April 2019 |volume=58 |issue=15 |pages=4911–4916 |doi=10.1002/anie.201813994 |pmid=30697885 |s2cid=59411242 }}</ref> A nanozyme for metal-free bioinspired cascade photocatalysis was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Peng |last2=Sun |first2=Dengrong |last3=Cho |first3=Ara |last4=Weon |first4=Seunghyun |last5=Lee |first5=Seonggyu |last6=Lee |first6=Jinwoo |last7=Han |first7=Jeong Woo |last8=Kim |first8=Dong-Pyo |last9=Choi |first9=Wonyong |title=Modified carbon nitride nanozyme as bifunctional glucose oxidase-peroxidase for metal-free bioinspired cascade photocatalysis |journal=Nature Communications |date=26 February 2019 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=940 |doi=10.1038/s41467-019-08731-y |pmid=30808912 |pmc=6391499 |bibcode=2019NatCo..10..940Z }}</ref> ''Chemical Society Reviews'' published a tutorial review on nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jiang |first1=Dawei |last2=Ni |first2=Dalong |last3=Rosenkrans |first3=Zachary T. |last4=Huang |first4=Peng |last5=Yan |first5=Xiyun |last6=Cai |first6=Weibo |title=Nanozyme: new horizons for responsive biomedical applications |journal=Chemical Society Reviews |date=2019 |volume=48 |issue=14 |pages=3683–3704 |doi=10.1039/c8cs00718g |pmid=31119258 |pmc=6696937 }}</ref> Cascade nanozyme reactions to fix CO<sub>2</sub> were reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=O'Mara |first1=Peter B. |last2=Wilde |first2=Patrick |last3=Benedetti |first3=Tania M. |last4=Andronescu |first4=Corina |last5=Cheong |first5=Soshan |last6=Gooding |first6=J. Justin |last7=Tilley |first7=Richard D. |last8=Schuhmann |first8=Wolfgang |title=Cascade Reactions in Nanozymes: Spatially Separated Active Sites inside Ag-Core–Porous-Cu-Shell Nanoparticles for Multistep Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Higher Organic Molecules |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=25 August 2019 |volume=141 |issue=36 |pages=14093–14097 |doi=10.1021/jacs.9b07310 |pmid=31448598 |pmc=7551659 }}</ref> Peroxidase-like gold nanoclusters were used to monitor renal clearance.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Loynachan |first1=Colleen N. |last2=Soleimany |first2=Ava P. |last3=Dudani |first3=Jaideep S. |last4=Lin |first4=Yiyang |last5=Najer |first5=Adrian |last6=Bekdemir |first6=Ahmet |last7=Chen |first7=Qu |last8=Bhatia |first8=Sangeeta N. |last9=Stevens |first9=Molly M. |title=Renal clearable catalytic gold nanoclusters for in vivo disease monitoring |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=2 September 2019 |volume=14 |issue=9 |pages=883–890 |doi=10.1038/s41565-019-0527-6 |pmid=31477801 |pmc=7045344 |bibcode=2019NatNa..14..883L }}</ref> A copper–carbon hybrid nanozyme was developed for antibacterial therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xi |first1=Juqun |last2=Wei |first2=Gen |last3=An |first3=Lanfang |last4=Xu |first4=Zhuobin |last5=Xu |first5=Zhilong |last6=Fan |first6=Lei |last7=Gao |first7=Lizeng |title=Copper/Carbon Hybrid Nanozyme: Tuning Catalytic Activity by the Copper State for Antibacterial Therapy |journal=Nano Letters |date=3 October 2019 |volume=19 |issue=11 |pages=7645–7654 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02242 |pmid=31580681 |bibcode=2019NanoL..19.7645X |s2cid=206750807 }}</ref> A ferritin nanozyme was developed to treat cerebral malaria.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Shuai |last2=Duan |first2=Hongxia |last3=Yang |first3=Yili |last4=Yan |first4=Xiyun |last5=Fan |first5=Kelong |title=Fenozyme Protects the Integrity of the Blood–Brain Barrier against Experimental Cerebral Malaria |journal=Nano Letters |date=November 2019 |volume=19 |issue=12 |pages=8887–8895 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03774 |pmid=31671939 |bibcode=2019NanoL..19.8887Z |s2cid=207815491 }}</ref> ''Accounts of Chemical Research'' reviewed nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liang |first1=Minmin |last2=Yan |first2=Xiyun |title=Nanozymes: From New Concepts, Mechanisms, and Standards to Applications |journal=Accounts of Chemical Research |date=5 July 2019 |volume=52 |issue=8 |pages=2190–2200 |doi=10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00140 |pmid=31276379 |s2cid=195812591 }}</ref> A new strategy called strain effect was developed to modulate metal nanozyme activity.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xi |first1=Zheng |last2=Cheng |first2=Xun |last3=Gao |first3=Zhuangqiang |last4=Wang |first4=Mengjing |last5=Cai |first5=Tong |last6=Muzzio |first6=Michelle |last7=Davidson |first7=Edwin |last8=Chen |first8=Ou |last9=Jung |first9=Yeonwoong |last10=Sun |first10=Shouheng |last11=Xu |first11=Ye |last12=Xia |first12=Xiaohu |title=Strain Effect in Palladium Nanostructures as Nanozymes |journal=Nano Letters |date=10 December 2019 |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=272–277 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03782 |pmid=31821008 |osti=1594049 |s2cid=209313254 }}</ref> Prussian blue nanozymes were used to detect [[hydrogen sulfide]] in the brains of living rats.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Chao |last2=Wang |first2=Manchao |last3=Zhang |first3=Wang |last4=Liu |first4=Jia |last5=Lu |first5=Mingju |last6=Li |first6=Kai |last7=Lin |first7=Yuqing |title=Integrating Prussian Blue Analog-Based Nanozyme and Online Visible Light Absorption Approach for Continuous Hydrogen Sulfide Monitoring in Brains of Living Rats |journal=Analytical Chemistry |date=13 December 2019 |volume=92 |issue=1 |pages=662–667 |doi=10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04931 |pmid=31834784 |s2cid=209357162 }}</ref> Photolyase-like CeO<sub>2</sub> was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tian |first1=Zhimin |last2=Yao |first2=Tianzhu |last3=Qu |first3=Chaoyi |last4=Zhang |first4=Sai |last5=Li |first5=Xuhui |last6=Qu |first6=Yongquan |title=Photolyase-Like Catalytic Behavior of CeO2 |journal=Nano Letters |date=29 October 2019 |volume=19 |issue=11 |pages=8270–8277 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03836 |pmid=31661288 |bibcode=2019NanoL..19.8270T |s2cid=204970215 }}</ref> An editorial on nanozymes titled "Can Nanozymes Have an Impact on Sensing?" was published.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gooding |first1=J. Justin |title=Can Nanozymes Have an Impact on Sensing? |journal=ACS Sensors |date=27 September 2019 |volume=4 |issue=9 |pages=2213–2214 |doi=10.1021/acssensors.9b01760 |pmid=31558030 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

=== 2020s ===
A single-atom nanozyme was developed for sepsis management.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cao |first1=Fangfang |last2=Zhang |first2=Lu |last3=You |first3=Yawen |last4=Zheng |first4=Lirong |last5=Ren |first5=Jinsong |last6=Qu |first6=Xiaogang |title=An Enzyme-Mimicking Single-Atom Catalyst as an Efficient Multiple Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Scavenger for Sepsis Management |journal=Angewandte Chemie |date=12 February 2020 |volume=132 |issue=13 |pages=5146–5153 |doi=10.1002/ange.201912182 |bibcode=2020AngCh.132.5146C |s2cid=214232731 }}</ref> Self-assembled single-atom nanozyme was developed for photodynamic therapy of tumors.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Dongdong |last2=Wu |first2=Huihui |last3=Phua |first3=Soo Zeng Fiona |last4=Yang |first4=Guangbao |last5=Qi Lim |first5=Wei |last6=Gu |first6=Long |last7=Qian |first7=Cheng |last8=Wang |first8=Haibao |last9=Guo |first9=Zhen |last10=Chen |first10=Hongzhong |last11=Zhao |first11=Yanli |title=Self-assembled single-atom nanozyme for enhanced photodynamic therapy treatment of tumor |journal=Nature Communications |date=17 January 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=357 |doi=10.1038/s41467-019-14199-7 |pmid=31953423 |pmc=6969186 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11..357W }}</ref> An ultrasound-switchable nanozyme against multidrug-resistant bacterial infection was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sun |first1=Duo |last2=Pang |first2=Xin |last3=Cheng |first3=Yi |last4=Ming |first4=Jiang |last5=Xiang |first5=Sijin |last6=Zhang |first6=Chang |last7=Lv |first7=Peng |last8=Chu |first8=Chengchao |last9=Chen |first9=Xiaolan |last10=Liu |first10=Gang |last11=Zheng |first11=Nanfeng |title=Ultrasound-Switchable Nanozyme Augments Sonodynamic Therapy against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infection |journal=ACS Nano |date=5 February 2020 |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=2063–2076 |doi=10.1021/acsnano.9b08667 |pmid=32022535 |s2cid=211034499 }}</ref> A nanozyme-based H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> homeostasis disruptor for chemodynamic tumor therapy was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sang |first1=Yanjuan |last2=Cao |first2=Fangfang |last3=Li |first3=Wei |last4=Zhang |first4=Lu |last5=You |first5=Yawen |last6=Deng |first6=Qingqing |last7=Dong |first7=Kai |last8=Ren |first8=Jinsong |last9=Qu |first9=Xiaogang |title=Bioinspired Construction of a Nanozyme-Based H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Homeostasis Disruptor for Intensive Chemodynamic Therapy |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=26 February 2020 |volume=142 |issue=11 |pages=5177–5183 |doi=10.1021/jacs.9b12873 |pmid=32100536 |s2cid=211524485 }}</ref> An iridium oxide nanozyme for cascade reaction was developed for tumor therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhen |first1=Wenyao |last2=Liu |first2=Yang |last3=Wang |first3=Wei |last4=Zhang |first4=Mengchao |last5=Hu |first5=Wenxue |last6=Jia |first6=Xiaodan |last7=Wang |first7=Chao |last8=Jiang |first8=Xiue |title=Specific 'Unlocking' of a Nanozyme-Based Butterfly Effect To Break the Evolutionary Fitness of Chaotic Tumors |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=1 April 2020 |volume=59 |issue=24 |pages=9491–9497 |doi=10.1002/anie.201916142 |pmid=32100926 |s2cid=211523638 }}</ref> A book entitled ''Nanozymology'' was published.<ref>{{Cite book |doi = 10.1007/978-981-15-1490-6|isbn = 978-981-15-1489-0|title = Nanozymology|series = Nanostructure Science and Technology|year = 2020|last1 = Yan|first1 = Xiyun|s2cid = 210954266}}{{page needed|date=April 2020}}</ref> A free radical–scavenging [[Nanosponges|nanosponge]] was engineered for ischemic stroke.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04974| pmid=31830790| title=Bioinspired Nanosponge for Salvaging Ischemic Stroke via Free Radical Scavenging and Self-Adapted Oxygen Regulating| year=2020| last1=Shi| first1=Jinjin| last2=Yu| first2=Wenyan| last3=Xu| first3=Lihua| last4=Yin| first4=Na| last5=Liu| first5=Wei| last6=Zhang| first6=Kaixiang| last7=Liu| first7=Junjie| last8=Zhang| first8=Zhenzhong| journal=Nano Letters| volume=20| issue=1| pages=780–789| bibcode=2020NanoL..20..780S| s2cid=209342956}}</ref> A minireview was published on gold-conjugate-based nanozymes.<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1002/ange.201908625|title = Catalytically Active Peptide-Gold Nanoparticle Conjugates: Prospecting for Artificial Enzymes|year = 2020|last1 = Mikolajczak|first1 = Dorian J.|last2 = Berger|first2 = Allison A.|last3 = Koksch|first3 = Beate|journal = Angewandte Chemie|volume = 132|issue = 23|pages = 8858–8867|bibcode = 2020AngCh.132.8858M|doi-access = free}}</ref> SnSe nanosheets as dehydrogenase mimics were developed.<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1002/ange.201913035|title = Two-Dimensional Tin Selenide (Sn ''Se'') Nanosheets Capable of Mimicking Key Dehydrogenases in Cellular Metabolism|year = 2020|last1 = Gao|first1 = Meng|last2 = Wang|first2 = Zhenzhen|last3 = Zheng|first3 = Huizhen|last4 = Wang|first4 = Li|last5 = Xu|first5 = Shujuan|last6 = Liu|first6 = Xi|last7 = Li|first7 = Wei|last8 = Pan|first8 = Yanxia|last9 = Wang|first9 = Weili|last10 = Cai|first10 = Xiaoming|last11 = Wu|first11 = Ren'an|last12 = Gao|first12 = Xingfa|last13 = Li|first13 = Ruibin|journal = Angewandte Chemie|volume = 132|issue = 9|pages = 3647–3652| bibcode=2020AngCh.132.3647G |s2cid = 241399324}}</ref> A carbon dot–based topoisomerase I mimic was reported to cleave DNA.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Feng |last2=Li |first2=Shuai |last3=Guo |first3=Xiaocui |last4=Dong |first4=Yuhang |last5=Yao |first5=Chi |last6=Liu |first6=Yangping |last7=Song |first7=Yuguang |last8=Tan |first8=Xiaoli |last9=Gao |first9=Lizeng |last10=Yang |first10=Dayong |title=Chiral carbon dots mimicking topoisomerase I to enantioselectively mediate topological rearrangement of supercoiled DNA |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=25 March 2020 |volume=59 |issue=27 |pages=11087–11092 |doi=10.1002/anie.202002904 |pmid=32212366 |s2cid=226196486 }}</ref> Nanozyme sensor arrays were developed to detect pesticides.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhu |first1=Yunyao |last2=Wu |first2=Jiangjiexing |last3=Han |first3=Lijun |last4=Wang |first4=Xiaoyu |last5=Li |first5=Wei |last6=Guo |first6=Hongchao |last7=Wei |first7=Hui |title=Nanozyme Sensor Arrays Based on Heteroatom-Doped Graphene for Detecting Pesticides |journal=Analytical Chemistry |date=4 May 2020 |volume=92 |issue=11 |pages=7444–7452 |doi=10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05110 |pmid=32363854 |s2cid=218492816 }}</ref> Bioorthogonal nanozymes were used to treat bacterial [[biofilm]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Huang |first1=Rui |last2=Li |first2=Cheng-Hsuan |last3=Cao-Milán |first3=Roberto |last4=He |first4=Luke D. |last5=Makabenta |first5=Jessa Marie |last6=Zhang |first6=Xianzhi |last7=Yu |first7=Erlei |last8=Rotello |first8=Vincent M. |title=Polymer-Based Bioorthogonal Nanocatalysts for the Treatment of Bacterial Biofilms |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=28 May 2020 |volume=142 |issue=24 |pages=10723–10729 |doi=10.1021/jacs.0c01758 |pmid=32464057 |pmc=7339739}}</ref> A rhodium nanozyme was developed for treat colon disease.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Miao |first1=Zhaohua |last2=Jiang |first2=Shanshan |last3=Ding |first3=Mengli |last4=Sun |first4=Siyuan |last5=Ma |first5=Yan |last6=Younis |first6=Muhammad Rizwan |last7=He |first7=Gang |last8=Wang |first8=Jingguo |last9=Lin |first9=Jing |last10=Cao |first10=Zhong |last11=Huang |first11=Peng |last12=Zha |first12=Zhengbao |title=Ultrasmall Rhodium Nanozyme with RONS Scavenging and Photothermal Activities for Anti-Inflammation and Antitumor Theranostics of Colon Diseases |journal=Nano Letters |date=29 April 2020 |volume=20 |issue=5 |pages=3079–3089 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05035 |pmid=32348149 |bibcode=2020NanoL..20.3079M |s2cid=217592822 }}</ref> A Fe-N-C nanozyme was developed to study drug–drug interactions.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xu |first1=Yuan |last2=Xue |first2=Jing |last3=Zhou |first3=Qing |last4=Zheng |first4=Yongjun |last5=Chen |first5=Xinghua |last6=Liu |first6=Songqin |last7=Shen |first7=Yanfei |last8=Zhang |first8=Yuanjian |title=Fe-N-C Nanozyme with Both Accelerated and Inhibited Biocatalytic Activities Capable of Accessing Drug-Drug Interaction |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=8 June 2020 |volume=59 |issue=34 |pages=14498–14503 |doi=10.1002/anie.202003949 |pmid=32515070 |s2cid=219549595 }}</ref> A polymeric nanozyme was developed for second near-infrared photothermal cancer ferrotherapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jiang |first1=Yuyan |last2=Zhao |first2=Xuhui |last3=Huang |first3=Jiaguo |last4=Li |first4=Jingchao |last5=Upputuri |first5=Paul Kumar |last6=Sun |first6=He |last7=Han |first7=Xiao |last8=Pramanik |first8=Manojit |last9=Miao |first9=Yansong |last10=Duan |first10=Hongwei |last11=Pu |first11=Kanyi |last12=Zhang |first12=Ruiping |title=Transformable hybrid semiconducting polymer nanozyme for second near-infrared photothermal ferrotherapy |journal=Nature Communications |date=20 April 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=1857 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-15730-x |pmid=32312987 |pmc=7170847 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.1857J |doi-access=free }}</ref> A {{proper name|Cu5.4O}} nanozyme was reported for anti-inflammation therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Tengfei |last2=Xiao |first2=Bowen |last3=Xiang |first3=Fei |last4=Tan |first4=Jianglin |last5=Chen |first5=Zhuo |last6=Zhang |first6=Xiaorong |last7=Wu |first7=Chengzhou |last8=Mao |first8=Zhengwei |last9=Luo |first9=Gaoxing |last10=Chen |first10=Xiaoyuan |last11=Deng |first11=Jun |title=Ultrasmall copper-based nanoparticles for reactive oxygen species scavenging and alleviation of inflammation related diseases |journal=Nature Communications |date=3 June 2020 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=2788 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-16544-7 |pmid=32493916 |pmc=7270130 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.2788L |doi-access=free }}</ref> A CeO<sub>2</sub>@ZIF-8 nanozyme was developed to treat reperfusion-induced injury in ischemic stroke.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=He |first1=Lizhen |last2=Huang |first2=Guanning |last3=Liu |first3=Hongxing |last4=Sang |first4=Chengcheng |last5=Liu |first5=Xinxin |last6=Chen |first6=Tianfeng |title=Highly bioactive zeolitic imidazolate framework-8–capped nanotherapeutics for efficient reversal of reperfusion-induced injury in ischemic stroke |journal=Science Advances |date=1 March 2020 |volume=6 |issue=12 |pages=eaay9751 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aay9751 |pmid=32206718 |pmc=7080448 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.9751H |doi-access=free }}</ref> Peroxidase-like activity of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was explored to study the electrocatalytic kinetics at the single-molecule/single-particle level.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xiao |first1=Yi |last2=Hong |first2=Jaeyoung |last3=Wang |first3=Xiao |last4=Chen |first4=Tao |last5=Hyeon |first5=Taeghwan |last6=Xu |first6=Weilin |title=Revealing Kinetics of Two-Electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction at Single-Molecule Level |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=16 July 2020 |volume=142 |issue=30 |pages=13201–13209 |doi=10.1021/jacs.0c06020 |pmid=32628842 |s2cid=220387010 }}</ref> A Cu-TA nanozyme was fabricated to scavenge reactive oxygen species from cigarette smoke.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lin |first1=Shichao |last2=Cheng |first2=Yuan |last3=Zhang |first3=He |last4=Wang |first4=Xiaoyu |last5=Zhang |first5=Yuye |last6=Zhang |first6=Yuanjian |last7=Miao |first7=Leiying |last8=Zhao |first8=Xiaozhi |last9=Wei |first9=Hui |title=Copper Tannic Acid Coordination Nanosheet: A Potent Nanozyme for Scavenging ROS from Cigarette Smoke |journal=Small |date=29 August 2019 |volume=16 |issue=27 |pages=1902123 |doi=10.1002/smll.201902123 |pmid=31468655 |s2cid=201672628 }}</ref> A metalloenzyme-like copper nanocluster was reported to have anticancer and imaging activities simultaneously.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gao |first1=Liang |last2=Zhang |first2=Ya |last3=Zhao |first3=Lina |last4=Niu |first4=Wenchao |last5=Tang |first5=Yuhua |last6=Gao |first6=Fuping |last7=Cai |first7=Pengju |last8=Yuan |first8=Qing |last9=Wang |first9=Xiayan |last10=Jiang |first10=Huaidong |last11=Gao |first11=Xueyun |title=An artificial metalloenzyme for catalytic cancer-specific DNA cleavage and operando imaging |journal=Science Advances |date=1 July 2020 |volume=6 |issue=29 |pages=eabb1421 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abb1421 |pmid=32832637 |pmc=7439319 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.1421G |s2cid=220601168 |doi-access=free }}</ref> An integrated nanozyme was developed for anti-inflammation therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Yufeng |last2=Cheng |first2=Yuan |last3=Zhang |first3=He |last4=Zhou |first4=Min |last5=Yu |first5=Yijun |last6=Lin |first6=Shichao |last7=Jiang |first7=Bo |last8=Zhao |first8=Xiaozhi |last9=Miao |first9=Leiying |last10=Wei |first10=Chuan-Wan |last11=Liu |first11=Quanyi |last12=Lin |first12=Ying-Wu |last13=Du |first13=Yan |last14=Butch |first14=Christopher J. |last15=Wei |first15=Hui |title=Integrated cascade nanozyme catalyzes in vivo ROS scavenging for anti-inflammatory therapy |journal=Science Advances |date=1 July 2020 |volume=6 |issue=29 |pages=eabb2695 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abb2695 |pmid=32832640 |pmc=7439611 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.2695L |s2cid=220601175 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Enhanced enzyme-like catalytic activity was reported under non-equilibrium conditions for gold nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Rui |last2=Neri |first2=Simona |last3=Prins |first3=Leonard J. |title=Enhanced catalytic activity under non-equilibrium conditions |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=20 July 2020 |volume=15 |issue=10 |pages=868–874 |doi=10.1038/s41565-020-0734-1 |pmid=32690887 |bibcode=2020NatNa..15..868C |hdl=11577/3351418 |s2cid=220656706 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> A density functional theory method was proposed to predict the activities of peroxidase-like nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Shen |first1=Xiaomei |last2=Wang |first2=Zhenzhen |last3=Gao |first3=Xingfa |last4=Zhao |first4=Yuliang |title=Density Functional Theory-Based Method to Predict the Activities of Nanomaterials as Peroxidase Mimics |journal=ACS Catalysis |date=6 November 2020 |volume=10 |issue=21 |pages=12657–12665 |doi=10.1021/acscatal.0c03426 |s2cid=225336098 }}</ref> A hydrolytic nanozyme was developed to construct an immunosensor.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nandhakumar |first1=Ponnusamy |last2=Kim |first2=Gyeongho |last3=Park |first3=Seonhwa |last4=Kim |first4=Seonghye |last5=Kim |first5=Suhkmann |last6=Park |first6=Jin Kyoon |last7=Lee |first7=Nam-Sihk |last8=Yoon |first8=Young Ho |last9=Yang |first9=Haesik |title=Metal Nanozyme with Ester Hydrolysis Activity in the Presence of Ammonia-Borane and Its Use in a Sensitive Immunosensor |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=7 December 2020 |volume=59 |issue=50 |pages=22419–22422 |doi=10.1002/anie.202009737 |pmid=32875647 |s2cid=221467334 }}</ref> An orally administered nanozyme was developed for [[inflammatory bowel disease]] therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Sheng |last2=Li |first2=Yixuan |last3=Liu |first3=Quanyi |last4=Li |first4=Sirong |last5=Cheng |first5=Yuan |last6=Cheng |first6=Chaoqun |last7=Sun |first7=Ziying |last8=Du |first8=Yan |last9=Butch |first9=Christopher J. |last10=Wei |first10=Hui |title=An Orally Administered CeO 2 @Montmorillonite Nanozyme Targets Inflammation for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy |journal=Advanced Functional Materials |date=November 2020 |volume=30 |issue=45 |pages=2004692 |doi=10.1002/adfm.202004692 |s2cid=224911666 }}</ref> A ligand-dependent activity engineering strategy was reported to develop a glutathione peroxidase–mimicking MIL-47(V) metal–organic framework nanozyme for therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wu |first1=Jiangjiexing |last2=Yu |first2=Yijun |last3=Cheng |first3=Yuan |last4=Cheng |first4=Chaoqun |last5=Zhang |first5=Yihong |last6=Jiang |first6=Bo |last7=Zhao |first7=Xiaozhi |last8=Miao |first8=Leiying |last9=Wei |first9=Hui |title=Ligand-Dependent Activity Engineering of Glutathione Peroxidase-Mimicking MIL-47(V) Metal–Organic Framework Nanozyme for Therapy |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=18 January 2021 |volume=60 |issue=3 |pages=1227–1234 |doi=10.1002/anie.202010714 |pmid=33022864 |s2cid=222180771 }}</ref> A single-site nanozyme was developed for tumor therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Dongdong |last2=Wu |first2=Huihui |last3=Wang |first3=Changlai |last4=Gu |first4=Long |last5=Chen |first5=Hongzhong |last6=Jana |first6=Deblin |last7=Feng |first7=Lili |last8=Liu |first8=Jiawei |last9=Wang |first9=Xueying |last10=Xu |first10=Pengping |last11=Guo |first11=Zhen |last12=Chen |first12=Qianwang |last13=Zhao |first13=Yanli |title=Self-Assembled Single-Site Nanozyme for Tumor-Specific Amplified Cascade Enzymatic Therapy |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=8 February 2021 |volume=60 |issue=6 |pages=3001–3007 |doi=10.1002/anie.202008868 |pmid=33091204 |hdl=10356/146292 |s2cid=225053668 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> A SOD-like nanozyme was developed to regulate the mitochondria and neural cell function.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Singh |first1=Namrata |last2=NaveenKumar |first2=Somanathapura K. |last3=Geethika |first3=Motika |last4=Mugesh |first4=Govindasamy |title=A Cerium Vanadate Nanozyme with Specific Superoxide Dismutase Activity Regulates Mitochondrial Function and ATP Synthesis in Neuronal Cells |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=8 February 2021 |volume=60 |issue=6 |pages=3121–3130 |doi=10.1002/anie.202011711 |pmid=33079465 |s2cid=224812443 }}</ref> A Pd12 coordination cage as a photoregulated oxidase-like nanozyme was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bhattacharyya |first1=Soumalya |last2=Ali |first2=Sk Rajab |last3=Venkateswarulu |first3=Mangili |last4=Howlader |first4=Prodip |last5=Zangrando |first5=Ennio |last6=De |first6=Mrinmoy |last7=Mukherjee |first7=Partha Sarathi |title=Self-Assembled Pd 12 Coordination Cage as Photoregulated Oxidase-Like Nanozyme |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=4 November 2020 |volume=142 |issue=44 |pages=18981–18989 |doi=10.1021/jacs.0c09567 |pmid=33104330 |s2cid=225083774 }}</ref> An [[NADPH oxidase]]-like nanozyme was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wu |first1=Di |last2=Li |first2=Jingkun |last3=Xu |first3=Shujuan |last4=Xie |first4=Qianqian |last5=Pan |first5=Yanxia |last6=Liu |first6=Xi |last7=Ma |first7=Ronglin |last8=Zheng |first8=Huizhen |last9=Gao |first9=Meng |last10=Wang |first10=Weili |last11=Li |first11=Jia |last12=Cai |first12=Xiaoming |last13=Jaouen |first13=Frédéric |last14=Li |first14=Ruibin |title=Engineering Fe–N Doped Graphene to Mimic Biological Functions of NADPH Oxidase in Cells |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=18 November 2020 |volume=142 |issue=46 |pages=19602–19610 |doi=10.1021/jacs.0c08360 |pmid=33108194 |s2cid=225100148 |url=https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03134484/file/FeNGR%20Paper%20original%20for%20HAL.pdf }}</ref> A [[catalase]]-like nanozyme was developed for tumor therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Yongxin |last2=Sun |first2=Pan |last3=Zhao |first3=Luyang |last4=Yan |first4=Xuehai |last5=Ng |first5=Dennis K. P. |last6=Lo |first6=Pui-Chi |title=Ferric Ion Driven Assembly of Catalase-like Supramolecular Photosensitizing Nanozymes for Combating Hypoxic Tumors |journal=Angewandte Chemie |date=14 December 2020 |volume=132 |issue=51 |pages=23428–23438 |doi=10.1002/ange.202010005 |bibcode=2020AngCh.13223428L |s2cid=241673359 }}</ref> A defect-rich adhesive molybdenum disulfide/reduced graphene oxide nanozyme was developed for anti-bacterial activity.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Longwei |last2=Gao |first2=Fene |last3=Wang |first3=Aizhu |last4=Chen |first4=Xuanyu |last5=Li |first5=Hao |last6=Zhang |first6=Xiao |last7=Zheng |first7=Hong |last8=Ji |first8=Rui |last9=Li |first9=Bo |last10=Yu |first10=Xin |last11=Liu |first11=Jing |last12=Gu |first12=Zhanjun |last13=Chen |first13=Fulin |last14=Chen |first14=Chunying |title=Defect-Rich Adhesive Molybdenum Disulfide/rGO Vertical Heterostructures with Enhanced Nanozyme Activity for Smart Bacterial Killing Application |journal=Advanced Materials |date=December 2020 |volume=32 |issue=48 |pages=2005423 |doi=10.1002/adma.202005423 |pmid=33118265 |bibcode=2020AdM....3205423W |s2cid=226038440 }}</ref> A MOF@COF nanozyme was developed for anti-bacterial activity.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Lu |last2=Liu |first2=Zhengwei |last3=Deng |first3=Qingqing |last4=Sang |first4=Yanjuan |last5=Dong |first5=Kai |last6=Ren |first6=Jinsong |last7=Qu |first7=Xiaogang |title=Nature-Inspired Construction of MOF@COF Nanozyme with Active Sites in Tailored Microenvironment and Pseudopodia-Like Surface for Enhanced Bacterial Inhibition |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=14 December 2020 |volume=60 |issue=7 |pages=3469–3474 |doi=10.1002/anie.202012487 |pmid=33118263 |s2cid=226080916 }}</ref> Plasmonic nanozymes were reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Yang |last2=Villarreal |first2=Esteban |last3=Li |first3=Guangfang Grace |last4=Wang |first4=Wei |last5=Wang |first5=Hui |title=Plasmonic Nanozymes: Engineered Gold Nanoparticles Exhibit Tunable Plasmon-Enhanced Peroxidase-Mimicking Activity |journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters |date=5 November 2020 |volume=11 |issue=21 |pages=9321–9328 |doi=10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02640 |pmid=33089980 |s2cid=224823575 }}</ref> Tumor microenvironment–responsive nanozyme was developed for tumor therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Zhiyi |last2=Li |first2=Ziyuan |last3=Sun |first3=Zhaoli |last4=Wang |first4=Shuren |last5=Ali |first5=Zeeshan |last6=Zhu |first6=Sihao |last7=Liu |first7=Sha |last8=Ren |first8=Qiushi |last9=Sheng |first9=Fugeng |last10=Wang |first10=Baodui |last11=Hou |first11=Yanglong |title=Visualization nanozyme based on tumor microenvironment "unlocking" for intensive combination therapy of breast cancer |journal=Science Advances |date=1 November 2020 |volume=6 |issue=48 |pages=eabc8733 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.abc8733 |pmid=33246959 |pmc=7695480 |bibcode=2020SciA....6.8733W }}</ref> A protein-engineering-inspired method was developed to design highly active nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wu |first1=Jiangjiexing |last2=Wang |first2=Zhenzhen |last3=Jin |first3=Xin |last4=Zhang |first4=Shuo |last5=Li |first5=Tong |last6=Zhang |first6=Yihong |last7=Xing |first7=Hang |last8=Yu |first8=Yang |last9=Zhang |first9=Huigang |last10=Gao |first10=Xingfa |last11=Wei |first11=Hui |title=Hammett Relationship in Oxidase-Mimicking Metal–Organic Frameworks Revealed through a Protein-Engineering-Inspired Strategy |journal=Advanced Materials |date=January 2021 |volume=33 |issue=3 |pages=2005024 |doi=10.1002/adma.202005024 |pmid=33283334 |bibcode=2021AdM....3305024W |s2cid=227528103 }}</ref> An editorial on nanozymes definition was published.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Scott |first1=Susannah |last2=Zhao |first2=Huimin |last3=Dey |first3=Abhishek |last4=Gunnoe |first4=T. Brent |title=Nano-Apples and Orange-Zymes |journal=ACS Catalysis |date=4 December 2020 |volume=10 |issue=23 |pages=14315–14317 |doi=10.1021/acscatal.0c05047 |doi-access=free }}</ref> A nanozyme therapy for hyperuricemia and ischemic stroke was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xi |first1=Juqun |last2=Zhang |first2=Ruofei |last3=Wang |first3=Liming |last4=Xu |first4=Wei |last5=Liang |first5=Qian |last6=Li |first6=Jingyun |last7=Jiang |first7=Jian |last8=Yang |first8=Yili |last9=Yan |first9=Xiyun |last10=Fan |first10=Kelong |last11=Gao |first11=Lizeng |title=A Nanozyme-Based Artificial Peroxisome Ameliorates Hyperuricemia and Ischemic Stroke |journal=Advanced Functional Materials |date=6 December 2020 |volume=31 |issue=9 |pages=2007130 |doi=10.1002/adfm.202007130| issn=1616-301X |s2cid=230609877 }}</ref> ''Chemistry World'' published a perspective on artificial enzymes and nanozymes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/holy-grails/the-grails/artificial-enzymes|title=Artificial enzymes: catalysis by design|first=Jamie|last=Durrani2020-09-28T13:45:00+01:00|website=Chemistry World}}</ref> A review on single-atom catalysts, including single-atom nanozymes, was published.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jiao |first1=Lei |last2=Xu |first2=Weiqing |last3=Wu |first3=Yu |last4=Yan |first4=Hongye |last5=Gu |first5=Wenling |last6=Du |first6=Dan |last7=Lin |first7=Yuehe |last8=Zhu |first8=Chengzhou |title=Single-atom catalysts boost signal amplification for biosensing |journal=Chemical Society Reviews |date=1 February 2021 |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=750–765 |doi=10.1039/D0CS00367K |pmid=33306069 |s2cid=228100965 }}</ref> Peroxidase-like mixed-FeCo-oxide-based surface-textured nanostructures (MTex) were used for biofilm eradication.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kumari |first1=Nitee |last2=Kumar |first2=Sumit |last3=Karmacharya |first3=Mamata |last4=Dubbu |first4=Sateesh |last5=Kwon |first5=Taewan |last6=Singh |first6=Varsha |last7=Chae |first7=Keun Hwa |last8=Kumar |first8=Amit |last9=Cho |first9=Yoon-Kyoung |last10=Lee |first10=In Su |title=Surface-Textured Mixed-Metal-Oxide Nanocrystals as Efficient Catalysts for ROS Production and Biofilm Eradication |journal=Nano Letters |date=13 January 2021 |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=279–287 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03639 |pmid=33306397 |bibcode=2021NanoL..21..279K |s2cid=228170364 }}</ref> A nanozyme with better kinetics than natural peroxidase was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Komkova |first1=Maria A. |last2=Ibragimova |first2=Olga A. |last3=Karyakina |first3=Elena E. |last4=Karyakin |first4=Arkady A. |title=Catalytic Pathway of Nanozyme 'Artificial Peroxidase' with 100-Fold Greater Bimolecular Rate Constants Compared to Those of the Enzyme |journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters |date=14 January 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=171–176 |doi=10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03014 |pmid=33321035 |s2cid=229285144 }}</ref> A self-protecting nanozyme was developed for Alzheimer's disease.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ma |first1=Mengmeng |last2=Liu |first2=Zhenqi |last3=Gao |first3=Nan |last4=Pi |first4=Zifeng |last5=Du |first5=Xiubo |last6=Ren |first6=Jinsong |last7=Qu |first7=Xiaogang |title=Self-Protecting Biomimetic Nanozyme for Selective and Synergistic Clearance of Peripheral Amyloid-β in an Alzheimer's Disease Model |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=30 December 2020 |volume=142 |issue=52 |pages=21702–21711 |doi=10.1021/jacs.0c08395 |pmid=33326236 |s2cid=229302798 }}</ref> CuSe nanozymes was developed to treat Parkinson's disease.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Hanghang |last2=Han |first2=Yaobao |last3=Wang |first3=Tingting |last4=Zhang |first4=Hao |last5=Xu |first5=Qi |last6=Yuan |first6=Jiaxin |last7=Li |first7=Zhen |title=Targeting Microglia for Therapy of Parkinson's Disease by Using Biomimetic Ultrasmall Nanoparticles |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=30 December 2020 |volume=142 |issue=52 |pages=21730–21742 |doi=10.1021/jacs.0c09390 |pmid=33315369 |s2cid=229178158 }}</ref> A nanocluster-based nanozyme was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Haile |last2=Li |first2=Yonghui |last3=Sun |first3=Si |last4=Xin |first4=Qi |last5=Liu |first5=Shuhu |last6=Mu |first6=Xiaoyu |last7=Yuan |first7=Xun |last8=Chen |first8=Ke |last9=Wang |first9=Hao |last10=Varga |first10=Kalman |last11=Mi |first11=Wenbo |last12=Yang |first12=Jiang |last13=Zhang |first13=Xiao-Dong |title=Catalytically potent and selective clusterzymes for modulation of neuroinflammation through single-atom substitutions |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 January 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=114 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-20275-0 |pmid=33414464 |pmc=7791071 |arxiv=2012.09527 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12..114L }}</ref> Glucose oxidase–like gold nanoparticles combined with cyclodextran were used for chiral catalysis.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Yu |last2=Chen |first2=Lei |last3=Chen |first3=Yong |last4=Zhang |first4=Yi |title=Photo-Controllable Catalysis and Chiral Monosaccharide Recognition Induced by Cyclodextrin Derivatives |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=5 January 2021 |volume=60 |issue=14 |pages=7654–7658 |doi=10.1002/anie.202017001| issn=1433-7851  |pmid=33400383 |s2cid=230668470 }}</ref> An artificial binuclear copper monooxygenase in a MOF was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Feng |first1=Xuanyu |last2=Song |first2=Yang |last3=Chen |first3=Justin S. |last4=Xu |first4=Ziwan |last5=Dunn |first5=Soren J. |last6=Lin |first6=Wenbin |title=Rational Construction of an Artificial Binuclear Copper Monooxygenase in a Metal–Organic Framework |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=20 January 2021 |volume=143 |issue=2 |pages=1107–1118 |doi=10.1021/jacs.0c11920| issn=0002-7863  |pmid=33411525 |s2cid=231192930 }}</ref> A review on highly efficient design of nanozymes was published.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=武江洁星 |first1=魏辉 |last2=Jiangjiexing Wu |first2=Hui Wei |title=浅谈纳米酶的高效设计策略 |trans-title=Efficient Design Strategies for Nanozymes |language=Chinese |journal=化学进展 |date=24 January 2021 |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=42 |doi=10.7536/PC201117 }}</ref> Ni–Pt peroxidase mimics were developed for bioanalysis.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xi |first1=Zheng |last2=Wei |first2=Kecheng |last3=Wang |first3=Qingxiao |last4=Kim |first4=Moon J. |last5=Sun |first5=Shouheng |last6=Fung |first6=Victor |last7=Xia |first7=Xiaohu |title=Nickel–Platinum Nanoparticles as Peroxidase Mimics with a Record High Catalytic Efficiency |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=24 February 2021 |volume=143 |issue=7 |pages=2660–2664 |doi=10.1021/jacs.0c12605 |pmid=33502185 |osti=1766375 |s2cid=231766217 }}</ref> A POM-based nanozyme was reported to protect cells from reactive oxygen species.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gong |first1=Lige |last2=Ding |first2=Wenqiao |last3=Chen |first3=Ying |last4=Yu |first4=Kai |last5=Guo |first5=Changhong |last6=Zhou |first6=Baibin |title=Inhibition of Mitochondrial ATP Synthesis and Regulation of Oxidative Stress Based on {SbW 8 O 30 } Determined by Single-Cell Proteomics Analysis |journal=Angewandte Chemie |date=6 April 2021 |volume=133 |issue=15 |pages=8425–8432 |doi=10.1002/ange.202100297 |s2cid=242400655 }}</ref> A gating strategy was used to prepare selective nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kim |first1=Minju |last2=Dygas |first2=Miroslaw |last3=Sobolev |first3=Yaroslav I. |last4=Beker |first4=Wiktor |last5=Zhuang |first5=Qiang |last6=Klucznik |first6=Tomasz |last7=Ahumada |first7=Guillermo |last8=Ahumada |first8=Juan Carlos |last9=Grzybowski |first9=Bartosz A. |title=On-Nanoparticle Gating Units Render an Ordinary Catalyst Substrate- and Site-Selective |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=3 February 2021 |volume=143 |issue=4 |pages=1807–1815 |doi=10.1021/jacs.0c09408 |pmid=33471520 |s2cid=231666073 }}</ref> A manganese single-atom nanozyme was developed for tumor therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhu |first1=Yang |last2=Wang |first2=Wenyu |last3=Cheng |first3=Junjie |last4=Qu |first4=Yunteng |last5=Dai |first5=Yi |last6=Liu |first6=Manman |last7=Yu |first7=Jianing |last8=Wang |first8=Chengming |last9=Wang |first9=Huijuan |last10=Wang |first10=Sicong |last11=Zhao |first11=Chao |last12=Wu |first12=Yuen |last13=Liu |first13=Yangzhong |title=Stimuli-Responsive Manganese Single-Atom Nanozyme for Tumor Therapy via Integrated Cascade Reactions |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=19 April 2021 |volume=60 |issue=17 |pages=9480–9488 |doi=10.1002/anie.202017152 |pmid=33543825 |s2cid=231817944 }}</ref> A pH-responsive oxidase-like graphitic nanozyme was developed for selective killing of ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Lufeng |last2=Zhang |first2=Liang |last3=Deng |first3=Hui |last4=Li |first4=Huan |last5=Tang |first5=Wentao |last6=Guan |first6=Luyao |last7=Qiu |first7=Ye |last8=Donovan |first8=Michael J. |last9=Chen |first9=Zhuo |last10=Tan |first10=Weihong |title=In vivo activation of pH-responsive oxidase-like graphitic nanozymes for selective killing of Helicobacter pylori |journal=Nature Communications |date=31 March 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=2002 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22286-x |pmid=33790299 |pmc=8012368 }}</ref> An engineered FeN<sub>3</sub>P-centred single-atom nanozyme was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ji |first1=Shufang |last2=Jiang |first2=Bing |last3=Hao |first3=Haigang |last4=Chen |first4=Yuanjun |last5=Dong |first5=Juncai |last6=Mao |first6=Yu |last7=Zhang |first7=Zedong |last8=Gao |first8=Rui |last9=Chen |first9=Wenxing |last10=Zhang |first10=Ruofei |last11=Liang |first11=Qian |last12=Li |first12=Haijing |last13=Liu |first13=Shuhu |last14=Wang |first14=Yu |last15=Zhang |first15=Qinghua |last16=Gu |first16=Lin |last17=Duan |first17=Demin |last18=Liang |first18=Minmin |last19=Wang |first19=Dingsheng |last20=Yan |first20=Xiyun |last21=Li |first21=Yadong |title=Matching the kinetics of natural enzymes with a single-atom iron nanozyme |journal=Nature Catalysis |date=May 2021 |volume=4 |issue=5 |pages=407–417 |doi=10.1038/s41929-021-00609-x |s2cid=233876554 }}</ref> Peroxidase- and catalase-like activities of gold nanozymes were modulated.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Yao |last2=Shen |first2=Xiaomei |last3=Carmona |first3=Unai |last4=Yang |first4=Fan |last5=Gao |first5=Xingfa |last6=Knez |first6=Mato |last7=Zhang |first7=Lianbing |last8=Qin |first8=Yong |title=Control of Stepwise Hg 2+ Reduction on Gold to Selectively Tune its Peroxidase and Catalase-Like Activities and the Mechanism |journal=Advanced Materials Interfaces |date=June 2021 |volume=8 |issue=11 |pages=2100086 |doi=10.1002/admi.202100086 |s2cid=236606846 }}</ref> Graphdiyne–cerium oxide nanozymes were developed for radiotherapy of esophageal cancer.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhou |first1=Xuantong |last2=You |first2=Min |last3=Wang |first3=Fuhui |last4=Wang |first4=Zhenzhen |last5=Gao |first5=Xingfa |last6=Jing |first6=Chao |last7=Liu |first7=Jiaming |last8=Guo |first8=Mengyu |last9=Li |first9=Jiayang |last10=Luo |first10=Aiping |last11=Liu |first11=Huibiao |last12=Liu |first12=Zhihua |last13=Chen |first13=Chunying |title=Multifunctional Graphdiyne–Cerium Oxide Nanozymes Facilitate MicroRNA Delivery and Attenuate Tumor Hypoxia for Highly Efficient Radiotherapy of Esophageal Cancer |journal=Advanced Materials |date=June 2021 |volume=33 |issue=24 |pages=2100556 |doi=10.1002/adma.202100556 |pmid=33949734 |bibcode=2021AdM....3300556Z |s2cid=233742755 }}</ref> Defect engineering was used to develop nanozyme for tumor therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yu |first1=Bin |last2=Wang |first2=Wei |last3=Sun |first3=Wenbo |last4=Jiang |first4=Chunhuan |last5=Lu |first5=Lehui |title=Defect Engineering Enables Synergistic Action of Enzyme-Mimicking Active Centers for High-Efficiency Tumor Therapy |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=16 June 2021 |volume=143 |issue=23 |pages=8855–8865 |doi=10.1021/jacs.1c03510 |pmid=34086444 |s2cid=235348273 }}</ref> A book entitled ''Nanozymes for Environmental Engineering'' was published.<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-68230-9 |title=Nanozymes for Environmental Engineering |series=Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World |year=2021 |volume=63 |isbn=978-3-030-68229-3 |s2cid=235326551 }}</ref> A palladium single-atom nanozyme was developed for tumor therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Du |first1=Fangxue |last2=Liu |first2=Luchang |last3=Wu |first3=Zihe |last4=Zhao |first4=Zhenyang |last5=Geng |first5=Wei |last6=Zhu |first6=Bihui |last7=Ma |first7=Tian |last8=Xiang |first8=Xi |last9=Ma |first9=Lang |last10=Cheng |first10=Chong |last11=Qiu |first11=Li |title=Pd-Single-Atom Coordinated Biocatalysts for Chem-/Sono-/Photo-Trimodal Tumor Therapies |journal=Advanced Materials |date=July 2021 |volume=33 |issue=29 |pages=2101095 |doi=10.1002/adma.202101095 |pmid=34096109 |bibcode=2021AdM....3301095D |s2cid=235361149 }}</ref> A [[horseradish peroxidase]]–like nanozyme was developed for tumor therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Bowen |last2=Yao |first2=Heliang |last3=Tian |first3=Han |last4=Yu |first4=Zhiguo |last5=Guo |first5=Yuedong |last6=Wang |first6=Yuemei |last7=Yang |first7=Jiacai |last8=Chen |first8=Chang |last9=Shi |first9=Jianlin |title=Intratumoral synthesis of nano-metalchelate for tumor catalytic therapy by ligand field-enhanced coordination |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 June 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=3393 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-23710-y |pmid=34099712 |pmc=8184762 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.3393Y }}</ref> The mechanism of a GOx-like nanozyme was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Jinxing |last2=Ma |first2=Qian |last3=Li |first3=Minghua |last4=Chao |first4=Daiyong |last5=Huang |first5=Liang |last6=Wu |first6=Weiwei |last7=Fang |first7=Youxing |last8=Dong |first8=Shaojun |title=Glucose-oxidase like catalytic mechanism of noble metal nanozymes |journal=Nature Communications |date=7 June 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=3375 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-23737-1 |pmid=34099730 |pmc=8184917 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.3375C }}</ref> A review on nanozymes was published.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Ruofei |last2=Yan |first2=Xiyun |last3=Fan |first3=Kelong |title=Nanozymes Inspired by Natural Enzymes |journal=Accounts of Materials Research |date=23 July 2021 |volume=2 |issue=7 |pages=534–547 |doi=10.1021/accountsmr.1c00074 |doi-access=free }}</ref> A mechanism study on nanonuclease-like nanozyme was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pecina |first1=Adam |last2=Rosa-Gastaldo |first2=Daniele |last3=Riccardi |first3=Laura |last4=Franco-Ulloa |first4=Sebastian |last5=Milan |first5=Emil |last6=Scrimin |first6=Paolo |last7=Mancin |first7=Fabrizio |last8=De Vivo |first8=Marco |title=On the Metal-Aided Catalytic Mechanism for Phosphodiester Bond Cleavage Performed by Nanozymes |journal=ACS Catalysis |date=16 July 2021 |volume=11 |issue=14 |pages=8736–8748 |doi=10.1021/acscatal.1c01215 |pmid=34476110 |pmc=8397296 }}</ref> A perspective on nanozyme definition was published.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Nanozymes: A clear definition with fuzzy edges |journal=Nano Today |date=1 October 2021 |volume=40 |pages=101269 |doi=10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101269 |last1=Wei |first1=Hui |last2=Gao |first2=Lizeng |last3=Fan |first3=Kelong |last4=Liu |first4=Juewen |last5=He |first5=Jiuyang |last6=Qu |first6=Xiaogang |last7=Dong |first7=Shaojun |last8=Wang |first8=Erkang |last9=Yan |first9=Xiyun }}</ref> Aptananozymes were developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ouyang |first1=Yu |last2=Biniuri |first2=Yonatan |last3=Fadeev |first3=Michael |last4=Zhang |first4=Pu |last5=Carmieli |first5=Raanan |last6=Vázquez-González |first6=Margarita |last7=Willner |first7=Itamar |title=Aptamer-Modified Cu 2+ -Functionalized C-Dots: Versatile Means to Improve Nanozyme Activities-'Aptananozymes' |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=4 August 2021 |volume=143 |issue=30 |pages=11510–11519 |doi=10.1021/jacs.1c03939 |pmid=34286967 |pmc=8856595 |s2cid=236159523 }}</ref> Ceria nanozyme loaded microneedles helped hair regrowth.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yuan |first1=Anran |last2=Xia |first2=Fan |last3=Bian |first3=Qiong |last4=Wu |first4=Haibin |last5=Gu |first5=Yueting |last6=Wang |first6=Tao |last7=Wang |first7=Ruxuan |last8=Huang |first8=Lingling |last9=Huang |first9=Qiaoling |last10=Rao |first10=Yuefeng |last11=Ling |first11=Daishun |last12=Li |first12=Fangyuan |last13=Gao |first13=Jianqing |title=Ceria Nanozyme-Integrated Microneedles Reshape the Perifollicular Microenvironment for Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment |journal=ACS Nano |date=24 August 2021 |volume=15 |issue=8 |pages=13759–13769 |doi=10.1021/acsnano.1c05272|issn=1936-0851  |pmid=34279913 |s2cid=236142266 }}</ref> A catalase-like platinum nanozyme was used for small extracellular vesicles analysis.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Jingjing |last2=Pan |first2=Bei |last3=Zeng |first3=Fei |last4=He |first4=Bangshun |last5=Gao |first5=Yanfeng |last6=Liu |first6=Xinli |last7=Song |first7=Yujun |title=Magnetic Colloid Antibodies Accelerate Small Extracellular Vesicles Isolation for Point-of-Care Diagnostics |journal=Nano Letters |date=10 March 2021 |volume=21 |issue=5 |pages=2001–2009 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04476 |pmid=33591201 |bibcode=2021NanoL..21.2001Y |s2cid=231935616 }}</ref> A book on ''Nanozymes: Advances and Applications'' was published by CRC Press.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gunasekaran |first1=Sundaram |title=Nanozymes: Advances and Applications |date=2021 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-000-47436-7 }}{{pn|date=February 2024}}</ref> A review on nanozyme catalytic turnover was published.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zandieh |first1=Mohamad |last2=Liu |first2=Juewen |title=Nanozyme Catalytic Turnover and Self-Limited Reactions |journal=ACS Nano |date=26 October 2021 |volume=15 |issue=10 |pages=15645–15655 |doi=10.1021/acsnano.1c07520 |pmid=34623130 |s2cid=238476223 }}</ref> A nanozyme was developed for ratiometric molecular imaging.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Teng |first1=Lili |last2=Han |first2=Xiaoyu |last3=Liu |first3=Yongchao |last4=Lu |first4=Chang |last5=Yin |first5=Baoli |last6=Huan |first6=Shuangyan |last7=Yin |first7=Xia |last8=Zhang |first8=Xiao-Bing |last9=Song |first9=Guosheng |title=Smart Nanozyme Platform with Activity-Correlated Ratiometric Molecular Imaging for Predicting Therapeutic Effects |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=6 December 2021 |volume=60 |issue=50 |pages=26142–26150 |doi=10.1002/anie.202110427 |pmid=34554633 |s2cid=237607859 }}</ref> A Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Ag/Bi<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>6</sub> photoactivatable nanozyme was developed for cancer therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cao |first1=Changyu |last2=Zou |first2=Hai |last3=Yang |first3=Nan |last4=Li |first4=Hui |last5=Cai |first5=Yu |last6=Song |first6=Xuejiao |last7=Shao |first7=Jinjun |last8=Chen |first8=Peng |last9=Mou |first9=Xiaozhou |last10=Wang |first10=Wenjun |last11=Dong |first11=Xiaochen |title=Fe 3 O 4 /Ag/Bi 2 MoO 6 Photoactivatable Nanozyme for Self-Replenishing and Sustainable Cascaded Nanocatalytic Cancer Therapy |journal=Advanced Materials |date=19 October 2021 |volume=33 |issue=52 |pages=2106996 |doi=10.1002/adma.202106996 |pmid=34626026 |bibcode=2021AdM....3306996C |s2cid=238529101 }}</ref> Co/C as an NADH oxidase mimic was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Jinxing |last2=Zheng |first2=Xiliang |last3=Zhang |first3=Jiaxin |last4=Ma |first4=Qian |last5=Zhao |first5=Zhiwei |last6=Huang |first6=Liang |last7=Wu |first7=Weiwei |last8=Wang |first8=Ying |last9=Wang |first9=Jin |last10=Dong |first10=Shaojun |title=Bubble-templated synthesis of nanocatalyst Co/C as NADH oxidase mimic |journal=National Science Review |date=11 October 2021 |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=nwab186 |doi=10.1093/nsr/nwab186 |pmid=35261777 |pmc=8897313 }}</ref> An iron oxide nanozyme was used to target biofilms causing tooth decay.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Yuan |last2=Huang |first2=Yue |last3=Kim |first3=Dongyeop |last4=Ren |first4=Zhi |last5=Oh |first5=Min Jun |last6=Cormode |first6=David P. |last7=Hara |first7=Anderson T. |last8=Zero |first8=Domenick T. |last9=Koo |first9=Hyun |title=Ferumoxytol Nanoparticles Target Biofilms Causing Tooth Decay in the Human Mouth |journal=Nano Letters |date=24 November 2021 |volume=21 |issue=22 |pages=9442–9449 |doi=10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02702 |pmid=34694125 |pmc=9308480 |bibcode=2021NanoL..21.9442L |s2cid=239767560 }}</ref> A new strategy for high-performance nanozymes was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Yuanjun |last2=Wang |first2=Peixia |last3=Hao |first3=Haigang |last4=Hong |first4=Juanji |last5=Li |first5=Haijing |last6=Ji |first6=Shufang |last7=Li |first7=Ang |last8=Gao |first8=Rui |last9=Dong |first9=Juncai |last10=Han |first10=Xiaodong |last11=Liang |first11=Minmin |last12=Wang |first12=Dingsheng |last13=Li |first13=Yadong |title=Thermal Atomization of Platinum Nanoparticles into Single Atoms: An Effective Strategy for Engineering High-Performance Nanozymes |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |date=10 November 2021 |volume=143 |issue=44 |pages=18643–18651 |doi=10.1021/jacs.1c08581 |pmid=34726407 |s2cid=240421572 }}</ref> A high-throughput computational screening strategy was developed to discover SOD-like nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Zhenzhen |last2=Wu |first2=Jiangjiexing |last3=Zheng |first3=Jia-Jia |last4=Shen |first4=Xiaomei |last5=Yan |first5=Liang |last6=Wei |first6=Hui |last7=Gao |first7=Xingfa |last8=Zhao |first8=Yuliang |title=Accelerated discovery of superoxide-dismutase nanozymes via high-throughput computational screening |journal=Nature Communications |date=25 November 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=6866 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-27194-8 |pmid=34824234 |pmc=8616946 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.6866W |s2cid=244660088 }}</ref> A review paper entitled "Nanozyme-Enabled Analytical Chemistry" was published in ''Analytical Chemistry''.<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04492|title = Nanozyme-Enabled Analytical Chemistry|year = 2022|last1 = Li|first1 = Sirong|last2 = Zhang|first2 = Yihong|last3 = Wang|first3 = Quan|last4 = Lin|first4 = Anqi|last5 = Wei|first5 = Hui|journal = Analytical Chemistry|volume = 94|issue = 1|pages = 312–323|pmid = 34870985|s2cid = 244932009}}</ref> A nanozyme-based therapy for gout was reported.<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04454|title = Self-Cascade Uricase/Catalase Mimics Alleviate Acute Gout|year = 2022|last1 = Lin|first1 = Anqi|last2 = Sun|first2 = Ziying|last3 = Xu|first3 = Xingquan|last4 = Zhao|first4 = Sheng|last5 = Li|first5 = Jiawei|last6 = Sun|first6 = Heng|last7 = Wang|first7 = Quan|last8 = Jiang|first8 = Qing|last9 = Wei|first9 = Hui|last10 = Shi|first10 = Dongquan|journal = Nano Letters|volume = 22|issue = 1|pages = 508–516|pmid = 34968071|bibcode = 2022NanoL..22..508L|s2cid = 245593934}}</ref> A data-informed strategy for discovery of nanozymes was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Sirong |last2=Zhou |first2=Zijun |last3=Tie |first3=Zuoxiu |last4=Wang |first4=Bing |last5=Ye |first5=Meng |last6=Du |first6=Lei |last7=Cui |first7=Ran |last8=Liu |first8=Wei |last9=Wan |first9=Cuihong |last10=Liu |first10=Quanyi |last11=Zhao |first11=Sheng |last12=Wang |first12=Quan |last13=Zhang |first13=Yihong |last14=Zhang |first14=Shuo |last15=Zhang |first15=Huigang |last16=Du |first16=Yan |last17=Wei |first17=Hui |title=Data-informed discovery of hydrolytic nanozymes |journal=Nature Communications |date=9 December 2020 |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=2020.12.08.416305 |doi=10.1038/s41467-022-28344-2 |pmid=35149676 |pmc=8837776 |bibcode=2022NatCo..13..827L }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Sirong |last2=Zhou |first2=Zijun |last3=Tie |first3=Zuoxiu |last4=Wang |first4=Bing |last5=Ye |first5=Meng |last6=Du |first6=Lei |last7=Cui |first7=Ran |last8=Liu |first8=Wei |last9=Wan |first9=Cuihong |last10=Liu |first10=Quanyi |last11=Zhao |first11=Sheng |last12=Wang |first12=Quan |last13=Zhang |first13=Yihong |last14=Zhang |first14=Shuo |last15=Zhang |first15=Huigang |last16=Du |first16=Yan |last17=Wei |first17=Hui |title=Data-informed discovery of hydrolytic nanozymes |journal=Nature Communications |date=11 February 2022 |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=827 |doi=10.1038/s41467-022-28344-2 |pmid=35149676 |pmc=8837776 |bibcode=2022NatCo..13..827L }}</ref> Prussian blue nanozyme was used to alleviates neurodegeneration.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ma |first1=Xinxin |last2=Hao |first2=Junnian |last3=Wu |first3=Jianrong |last4=Li |first4=Yuehua |last5=Cai |first5=Xiaojun |last6=Zheng |first6=Yuanyi |title=Prussian Blue Nanozyme as a Pyroptosis Inhibitor Alleviates Neurodegeneration |journal=Advanced Materials |date=March 2022 |volume=34 |issue=15 |pages=2106723 |doi=10.1002/adma.202106723 |pmid=35143076 |bibcode=2022AdM....3406723M |s2cid=246701158 }}</ref> A dual element single-atom nanozyme was developed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ma |first1=Chong-Bo |last2=Xu |first2=Yaping |last3=Wu |first3=Lixin |last4=Wang |first4=Quan |last5=Zheng |first5=Jia-Jia |last6=Ren |first6=Guoxi |last7=Wang |first7=Xiaoyu |last8=Gao |first8=Xingfa |last9=Zhou |first9=Ming |last10=Wang |first10=Ming |last11=Wei |first11=Hui |title=Guided Synthesis of a Mo/Zn Dual Single-Atom Nanozyme with Synergistic Effect and Peroxidase-like Activity |journal=Angewandte Chemie |date=3 March 2022 |volume=134 |issue=25 |pages=e202116170 |doi=10.1002/ange.202116170 |pmid=35238141 |bibcode=2022AngCh.13416170M |s2cid=247274050 }}</ref> A valence-engineered method was developed to design antioxidant banozyme for biomedical applications.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1002/anie.202201101 | title=A Valence-Engineered Self-Cascading Antioxidant Nanozyme for the Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease | year=2022 | last1=Wang | first1=Quan | last2=Cheng | first2=Chaoqun | last3=Zhao | first3=Sheng | last4=Liu | first4=Quanyi | last5=Zhang | first5=Yihong | last6=Liu | first6=Wanling | last7=Zhao | first7=Xiaozhi | last8=Zhang | first8=He | last9=Pu | first9=Jun | last10=Zhang | first10=Shuo | last11=Zhang | first11=Huigang | last12=Du | first12=Yan | last13=Wei | first13=Hui | journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition | volume=61 | issue=27 | pages=anie.202201101 | pmid=35452169 | s2cid=248323783 }}</ref> Combined with small interfering RNA, ceria nanozyme was used for synergistic treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1002/adma.202105711 | title=Self-Catalytic Small Interfering RNA Nanocarriers for Synergistic Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases | year=2022 | last1=Ji | first1=Weihong | last2=Li | first2=Yan | last3=Peng | first3=Huan | last4=Zhao | first4=Ruichen | last5=Shen | first5=Jie | last6=Wu | first6=Yanyue | last7=Wang | first7=Jianze | last8=Hao | first8=Qiulian | last9=Lu | first9=Zhiguo | last10=Yang | first10=Jun | last11=Zhang | first11=Xin | journal=Advanced Materials | volume=34 | issue=1 | pages=e2105711 | pmid=34601753 | bibcode=2022AdM....3405711J | s2cid=238257684 }}</ref> A universal assay for catalase-like nanozymes was reported.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00804 | title=A Dopamine-Enabled Universal Assay for Catalase and Catalase-Like Nanozymes | year=2022 | last1=Lin | first1=Anqi | last2=Liu | first2=Quanyi | last3=Zhang | first3=Yihong | last4=Wang | first4=Quan | last5=Li | first5=Sirong | last6=Zhu | first6=Bijun | last7=Miao | first7=Leiying | last8=Du | first8=Yan | last9=Zhao | first9=Sheng | last10=Wei | first10=Hui | journal=Analytical Chemistry | volume=94 | issue=30 | pages=10636–10642 | pmid=35758679 | s2cid=250071990 }}</ref> A nanozyme catalyzed CRISPR assay was developed.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41565-022-01179-0 | title=Nanozyme-catalysed CRISPR assay for preamplification-free detection of non-coding RNAs | year=2022 | last1=Broto | first1=Marta | last2=Kaminski | first2=Michael M. | last3=Adrianus | first3=Christopher | last4=Kim | first4=Nayoung | last5=Greensmith | first5=Robert | last6=Dissanayake-Perera | first6=Schan | last7=Schubert | first7=Alexander J. | last8=Tan | first8=Xiao | last9=Kim | first9=Hyemin | last10=Dighe | first10=Anand S. | last11=Collins | first11=James J. | last12=Stevens | first12=Molly M. | journal=Nature Nanotechnology | volume=17 | issue=10 | pages=1120–1126 | pmid=35927321 | bibcode=2022NatNa..17.1120B | hdl=10044/1/97651 | s2cid=251323478 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> A nanozyme-based tumor-specific photo-enhanced catalytic therapy was developed.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1002/ange.202115939 | title=Intercalation-Activated Layered MoO 3 Nanobelts as Biodegradable Nanozymes for Tumor-Specific Photo-Enhanced Catalytic Therapy | year=2022 | last1=Zhou | first1=Zhan | last2=Wang | first2=Yanlong | last3=Peng | first3=Feng | last4=Meng | first4=Fanqi | last5=Zha | first5=Jiajia | last6=Ma | first6=Lu | last7=Du | first7=Yonghua | last8=Peng | first8=Na | last9=Ma | first9=Lufang | last10=Zhang | first10=Qinghua | last11=Gu | first11=Lin | last12=Yin | first12=Wenyan | last13=Gu | first13=Zhanjun | last14=Tan | first14=Chaoliang | journal=Angewandte Chemie | volume=134 | issue=16 | bibcode=2022AngCh.13415939Z | osti=1844569 | s2cid=246318463 }}</ref> Single-atom nanozymes for brain trauma therapy were reported.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41467-022-32411-z | title=Single-atom nanozymes catalytically surpassing naturally occurring enzymes as sustained stitching for brain trauma | year=2022 | last1=Zhang | first1=Shaofang | last2=Li | first2=Yonghui | last3=Sun | first3=Si | last4=Liu | first4=Ling | last5=Mu | first5=Xiaoyu | last6=Liu | first6=Shuhu | last7=Jiao | first7=Menglu | last8=Chen | first8=Xinzhu | last9=Chen | first9=Ke | last10=Ma | first10=Huizhen | last11=Li | first11=Tuo | last12=Liu | first12=Xiaoyu | last13=Wang | first13=Hao | last14=Zhang | first14=Jianning | last15=Yang | first15=Jiang | last16=Zhang | first16=Xiao-Dong | journal=Nature Communications | volume=13 | issue=1 | page=4744 | pmid=35961961 | pmc=9374753 | bibcode=2022NatCo..13.4744Z | s2cid=251539856 }}</ref> An edge engineering strategy was developed to fabriacte single atom nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1002/adma.202205324 | title=Edge-site Engineering of Defective Fe-N 4 nanozymes with Boosted Catalase-like Performance for Retinal Vasculopathies | journal=Advanced Materials | date=11 August 2022 | last1=Zhang | first1=Ruofei | last2=Xue | first2=Bai | last3=Tao | first3=Yanhong | last4=Zhao | first4=Hanqing | last5=Zhang | first5=Zixia | last6=Wang | first6=Xiaonan | last7=Zhou | first7=Xinyao | last8=Jiang | first8=Bing | last9=Yang | first9=Zhenglin | last10=Yan | first10=Xiyun | last11=Fan | first11=Kelong | volume=34 | issue=39 | pages=e2205324 | pmid=35953446 | bibcode=2022AdM....3405324Z | s2cid=251516329 }}</ref> A single atom nanozyme was developed to modulate tumor microenvironment for therapy.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1002/anie.202204502 | title=Tumor-Microenvironment-Responsive Cascade Reactions by a Cobalt-Single-Atom Nanozyme for Synergistic Nanocatalytic Chemotherapy | date=16 August 2022 | pages=anie.202204502 | last1=Cai | first1=Shuangfei | last2=Liu | first2=Jiaming | last3=Ding | first3=Jianwei | last4=Fu | first4=Zhao | last5=Li | first5=Haolin | last6=Xiong | first6=Youlin | last7=Lian | first7=Zheng | last8=Yang | first8=Rong | last9=Chen | first9=Chunying | journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition | volume=61 | issue=48 | pmid=35972794 | s2cid=251592137 }}</ref> A new mechanism for peroxidase-like Fe3O4 was proposed.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41467-022-33098-y | title=Depletable peroxidase-like activity of Fe3O4 nanozymes accompanied with separate migration of electrons and iron ions | journal=Nature Communications | date=12 September 2022 | volume=13 | issue=1 | page=5365 | last1=Dong | first1=Haijiao | last2=Du | first2=Wei | last3=Dong | first3=Jian | last4=Che | first4=Renchao | last5=Kong | first5=Fei | last6=Cheng | first6=Wenlong | last7=Ma | first7=Ming | last8=Gu | first8=Ning | last9=Zhang | first9=Yu | pmid=36097172 | pmc=9467987 | bibcode=2022NatCo..13.5365D }}</ref> A plant virus cleaving nanozyme was reported.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41929-022-00823-1 | title=Site-selective proteolytic cleavage of plant viruses by photoactive chiral nanoparticles | journal=Nature Catalysis | date=August 2022 | volume=5 | issue=8 | pages=694–707 | last1=Gao | first1=Rui | last2=Xu | first2=Liguang | last3=Sun | first3=Maozhong | last4=Xu | first4=Manlin | last5=Hao | first5=Changlong | last6=Guo | first6=Xiao | last7=Colombari | first7=Felippe Mariano | last8=Zheng | first8=Xin | last9=Král | first9=Petr | last10=De Moura | first10=André F. | last11=Xu | first11=Chuanlai | last12=Yang | first12=Jinguang | last13=Kotov | first13=Nicholas A. | last14=Kuang | first14=Hua | s2cid=251672747 }}</ref> Nanozymes is selected as one of the IUPAC Top Ten Emerging Technologies in Chemistry 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iupac.org/iupac-2022-top-ten/|title=IUPAC Announces the 2022 Top Ten Emerging Technologies in Chemistry|first=Fabienne|last=Meyers|date=October 17, 2022|website=IUPAC &#124; International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry}}</ref> A book entitled "Nanozymes: Design, Synthesis, and Applications" was published by ACS.<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1021/bk-2022-1422 |title=Nanozymes: Design, Synthesis, and Applications |series=ACS Symposium Series |date=2022 |volume=1422 |isbn=978-0-8412-9751-7 |s2cid=253034535 }}</ref> Nanozymes were used to remove and degrade [[microplastics]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zandieh |first1=Mohamad |last2=Liu |first2=Juewen |title=Removal and Degradation of Microplastics Using the Magnetic and Nanozyme Activities of Bare Iron Oxide Nanoaggregates |journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition |date=21 November 2022 |volume=61 |issue=47 |pages=e202212013 |doi=10.1002/anie.202212013 |pmid=36195554 |s2cid=252714734 }}</ref> A cold-adapted nanozyme was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Yao |last2=Tian |first2=Qing |last3=Wang |first3=Haoyu |last4=Ma |first4=Ruonan |last5=Han |first5=Ruiting |last6=Wang |first6=Yu |last7=Ge |first7=Huibin |last8=Ren |first8=Yujing |last9=Yang |first9=Rong |last10=Yang |first10=Huimin |last11=Chen |first11=Yinjuan |last12=Duan |first12=Xuezhi |last13=Zhang |first13=Lianbing |last14=Gao |first14=Jie |last15=Gao |first15=Lizeng |last16=Yan |first16=Xiyun |last17=Qin |first17=Yong |title=A Manganese-Based Metal–Organic Framework as a Cold-Adapted Nanozyme |journal=Advanced Materials |date=14 November 2022 |volume=36 |issue=10 |pages=e2206421 |doi=10.1002/adma.202206421 |pmid=36329676 |s2cid=253301961 }}</ref> A MOF-818 nanozyme with antioxidase-mimicking activities was used to treat diabetic chronic wounds.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/jacs.2c09663 | title=Specific Nanodrug for Diabetic Chronic Wounds Based on Antioxidase-Mimicking MOF-818 Nanozymes | year=2022 | last1=Chao | first1=Daiyong | last2=Dong | first2=Qing | last3=Yu | first3=Zhixuan | last4=Qi | first4=Desheng | last5=Li | first5=Minghua | last6=Xu | first6=Lili | last7=Liu | first7=Ling | last8=Fang | first8=Youxing | last9=Dong | first9=Shaojun | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | volume=144 | issue=51 | pages=23438–23447 | pmid=36512736 | s2cid=254661703 }}</ref> Cu single-atom nanozymes were developed for catalytic tumor-specific therapy.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/jacs.2c13597 | title=Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly Strategy-Activated Cu Single-Atom Nanozymes for Catalytic Tumor-Specific Therapy | year=2023 | last1=Zhou | first1=Jie | last2=Xu | first2=Deting | last3=Tian | first3=Gan | last4=He | first4=Qian | last5=Zhang | first5=Xiao | last6=Liao | first6=Jing | last7=Mei | first7=Linqiang | last8=Chen | first8=Lei | last9=Gao | first9=Lizeng | last10=Zhao | first10=Lina | last11=Yang | first11=Guoping | last12=Yin | first12=Wenyan | last13=Nie | first13=Guangjun | last14=Zhao | first14=Yuliang | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | volume=145 | issue=7 | pages=4279–4293 | pmid=36744911 | s2cid=256614276 }}</ref> Machine learning was employed to search for nanozymes.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1002/adma.202201736 | title=Prediction and Design of Nanozymes using Explainable Machine Learning | year=2022 | last1=Wei | first1=Yonghua | last2=Wu | first2=Jin | last3=Wu | first3=Yixuan | last4=Liu | first4=Hongjiang | last5=Meng | first5=Fanqiang | last6=Liu | first6=Qiqi | last7=Midgley | first7=Adam C. | last8=Zhang | first8=Xiangyun | last9=Qi | first9=Tianyi | last10=Kang | first10=Helong | last11=Chen | first11=Rui | last12=Kong | first12=Deling | last13=Zhuang | first13=Jie | last14=Yan | first14=Xiyun | last15=Huang | first15=Xinglu | journal=Advanced Materials | volume=34 | issue=27 | pages=e2201736 | pmid=35487518 | bibcode=2022AdM....3401736W | s2cid=248451764 }}</ref> Enzyme-like meso-bacroporous carbon sphere was developed.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/jacs.2c12977 | title=Tunable Hierarchically Structured Meso-Macroporous Carbon Spheres from a Solvent-Mediated Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly | year=2023 | last1=Liu | first1=Zhiqing | last2=Li | first2=Wei | last3=Sheng | first3=Wenbo | last4=Liu | first4=Shiyu | last5=Li | first5=Rui | last6=Li | first6=Qian | last7=Li | first7=Danya | last8=Yu | first8=Shui | last9=Li | first9=Meng | last10=Li | first10=Yongsheng | last11=Jia | first11=Xin | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | volume=145 | issue=9 | pages=5310–5319 | pmid=36758639 | s2cid=256739119 }}</ref> A combination of DNAzyme and nanozyme was reported.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/jacs.2c12367 | title=Amalgamation of DNAzymes and Nanozymes in a Coronazyme | year=2023 | last1=Zuo | first1=Li | last2=Ren | first2=Kehao | last3=Guo | first3=Xianming | last4=Pokhrel | first4=Pravin | last5=Pokhrel | first5=Bishal | last6=Hossain | first6=Mohammad Akter | last7=Chen | first7=Zhao-Xu | last8=Mao | first8=Hanbin | last9=Shen | first9=Hao | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | volume=145 | issue=10 | pages=5750–5758 | pmid=36795472 | pmc=10325850 | s2cid=256899407 }}</ref> A peroxidase-like photoexcited Ru single-atom nanozyme was reported.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1073/pnas.2220315120 | title=Photoexcited Ru single-atomic sites for efficient biomimetic redox catalysis | date=2023 | last1=Xu | first1=Weiqing | last2=Zhong | first2=Hong | last3=Wu | first3=Yu | last4=Qin | first4=Ying | last5=Jiao | first5=Lei | last6=Sha | first6=Meng | last7=Su | first7=Rina | last8=Tang | first8=Yinjun | last9=Zheng | first9=Lirong | last10=Hu | first10=Liuyong | last11=Zhang | first11=Shipeng | last12=Beckman | first12=Scott P. | last13=Gu | first13=Wenling | last14=Yang | first14=Yong | last15=Guo | first15=Shaojun | last16=Zhu | first16=Chengzhou | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume=120 | issue=21 | pages=e2220315120 | pmid=37186847 | pmc=10214184 | bibcode=2023PNAS..12020315X }}</ref> A probiotic nanozyme hydrogel for Candida vaginitis therapy was developed.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1126/sciadv.adg0949 | title=A probiotic nanozyme hydrogel regulates vaginal microenvironment for ''Candida'' vaginitis therapy | date=2023 | last1=Wei | first1=Gen | last2=Liu | first2=Quanyi | last3=Wang | first3=Xiaoyu | last4=Zhou | first4=Zijun | last5=Zhao | first5=Xiaozhi | last6=Zhou | first6=Wanqing | last7=Liu | first7=Wanling | last8=Zhang | first8=Yihong | last9=Liu | first9=Shujie | last10=Zhu | first10=Chenxin | last11=Wei | first11=Hui | journal=Science Advances | volume=9 | issue=20 | pages=eadg0949 | pmid=37196095 | pmc=10191424 | bibcode=2023SciA....9G.949W | s2cid=258763150 }}</ref> A method to determine the maximum velocity of a peroxidase-like nanozyme was proposed.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01830 | title=Determination of the Maximum Velocity of a Peroxidase-like Nanozyme | date=2023 | last1=Wang | first1=Yuting | last2=Li | first2=Tong | last3=Wei | first3=Hui | journal=Analytical Chemistry | volume=95 | issue=26 | pages=10105–10109 | pmid=37341651 | s2cid=259209589 }}</ref> Antisenescence nanozymes for atherosclerosis therapy were reported.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1002/anie.202304465 | title=Integrated Cascade Nanozymes with Antisenescence Activities for Atherosclerosis Therapy | date=2023 | last1=Liu | first1=Wanling | last2=Zhang | first2=Yihong | last3=Wei | first3=Gen | last4=Zhang | first4=Minxuan | last5=Li | first5=Tong | last6=Liu | first6=Quanyi | last7=Zhou | first7=Zijun | last8=Du | first8=Yan | last9=Wei | first9=Hui | journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition | volume=62 | issue=33 | pages=e202304465 | pmid=37338457 | s2cid=259199886 }}</ref> A book entitled 'Biomedical Nanozymes: From Diagnostics to Therapeutics' was published by Springer.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wei |first1=Hui |last2=Li |first2=Genxi |last3=Li |first3=Jinghong |title=Biomedical Nanozymes: From Diagnostics to Therapeutics |date=2023 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-981-99-3338-9 }}{{pn|date=February 2024}}</ref> 2023 Dalton Division Horizon Prize was awarded to High-Performance Nanozyme Designer.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.rsc.org/prizes-funding/prizes/2023-winners/high-performance-nanozyme-designer/ | title=High-Performance Nanozyme Designer - 2023 Dalton Horizon Prize winner }}</ref> Nanozyme-cosmetic contact lenses were developed.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1002/adma.202305555 | title=Nanozyme-Cosmetic Contact Lenses for Ocular Surface Diseases Prevention | date=2023 | last1=Liu | first1=Quanyi | last2=Zhao | first2=Sheng | last3=Zhang | first3=Yihong | last4=Fang | first4=Qi | last5=Liu | first5=Wanling | last6=Wu | first6=Rong | last7=Wei | first7=Gen | last8=Wei | first8=Hui | last9=Du | first9=Yan | journal=Advanced Materials | volume=35 | issue=44 | pages=e2305555 | pmid=37584617 | s2cid=260925225 }}</ref> Biogenic ferritins act as natural nanozymes were reported.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41467-023-44463-w | title=A natural biogenic nanozyme for scavenging superoxide radicals | date=2024 | last1=Ma | first1=Long | last2=Zheng | first2=Jia-Jia | last3=Zhou | first3=Ning | last4=Zhang | first4=Ruofei | last5=Fang | first5=Long | last6=Yang | first6=Yili | last7=Gao | first7=Xingfa | last8=Chen | first8=Chunying | last9=Yan | first9=Xiyun | last10=Fan | first10=Kelong | journal=Nature Communications | volume=15 | issue=1 | page=233 | pmid=38172125 | pmc=10764798 | bibcode=2024NatCo..15..233M }}</ref> An integrated computational and experimental framework for inverse screening of nanozymes was developed.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/acsnano.3c09128 | title=Integrated Computational and Experimental Framework for Inverse Screening of Candidate Antibacterial Nanomedicine | date=2024 | last1=Zheng | first1=Jia-Jia | last2=Wang | first2=Xiaoyu | last3=Li | first3=Zeqi | last4=Shen | first4=Xiaomei | last5=Wei | first5=Gen | last6=Xia | first6=Pufeihong | last7=Zhou | first7=Yi-Ge | last8=Wei | first8=Hui | last9=Gao | first9=Xingfa | journal=ACS Nano | volume=18 | issue=2 | pages=1531–1542 | pmid=38164912 | s2cid=266724881 }}</ref> A diatomic iron nanozyme was reported.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41467-023-43176-4 | title=Diatomic iron nanozyme with lipoxidase-like activity for efficient inactivation of enveloped virus | date=2023 | last1=Li | first1=Beibei | last2=Ma | first2=Ruonan | last3=Chen | first3=Lei | last4=Zhou | first4=Caiyu | last5=Zhang | first5=Yu-Xiao | last6=Wang | first6=Xiaonan | last7=Huang | first7=Helai | last8=Hu | first8=Qikun | last9=Zheng | first9=Xiaobo | last10=Yang | first10=Jiarui | last11=Shao | first11=Mengjuan | last12=Hao | first12=Pengfei | last13=Wu | first13=Yanfen | last14=Che | first14=Yizhen | last15=Li | first15=Chang | last16=Qin | first16=Tao | last17=Gao | first17=Lizeng | last18=Niu | first18=Zhiqiang | last19=Li | first19=Yadong | journal=Nature Communications | volume=14 | issue=1 | page=7312 | pmid=37951992 | pmc=10640610 | bibcode=2023NatCo..14.7312L }}</ref> Mechanism of carbon dot-based SOD-like nanozyme was studied.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41467-023-35828-2 | title=Deciphering the catalytic mechanism of superoxide dismutase activity of carbon dot nanozyme | date=2023 | last1=Gao | first1=Wenhui | last2=He | first2=Jiuyang | last3=Chen | first3=Lei | last4=Meng | first4=Xiangqin | last5=Ma | first5=Yana | last6=Cheng | first6=Liangliang | last7=Tu | first7=Kangsheng | last8=Gao | first8=Xingfa | last9=Liu | first9=Cui | last10=Zhang | first10=Mingzhen | last11=Fan | first11=Kelong | last12=Pang | first12=Dai-Wen | last13=Yan | first13=Xiyun | journal=Nature Communications | volume=14 | issue=1 | page=160 | pmid=36631476 | pmc=9834297 | bibcode=2023NatCo..14..160G }}</ref> A hybrid ceria nanozyme was developed for arthritis therapy.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41565-023-01523-y | title=Ceria-vesicle nanohybrid therapeutic for modulation of innate and adaptive immunity in a collagen-induced arthritis model | date=2023 | last1=Koo | first1=Sagang | last2=Sohn | first2=Hee Su | last3=Kim | first3=Tae Hee | last4=Yang | first4=Siyeon | last5=Jang | first5=Se Youn | last6=Ye | first6=Seongryeol | last7=Choi | first7=Boomin | last8=Kim | first8=Soo Hyeon | last9=Park | first9=Kyoung Sun | last10=Shin | first10=Hyun Mu | last11=Park | first11=Ok Kyu | last12=Kim | first12=Cheesue | last13=Kang | first13=Mikyung | last14=Soh | first14=Min | last15=Yoo | first15=Jin | last16=Kim | first16=Dokyoon | last17=Lee | first17=Nohyun | last18=Kim | first18=Byung-Soo | last19=Jung | first19=Youngmee | last20=Hyeon | first20=Taeghwan | journal=Nature Nanotechnology | volume=18 | issue=12 | pages=1502–1514 | pmid=37884660 | bibcode=2023NatNa..18.1502K | s2cid=264517619 }}</ref> A chiral nanozyme was reported for Parkinson's disease.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1038/s41467-023-43870-3 | title=Chiral metal-organic frameworks incorporating nanozymes as neuroinflammation inhibitors for managing Parkinson's disease | date=2023 | last1=Jiang | first1=Wei | last2=Li | first2=Qing | last3=Zhang | first3=Ruofei | last4=Li | first4=Jianru | last5=Lin | first5=Qianyu | last6=Li | first6=Jingyun | last7=Zhou | first7=Xinyao | last8=Yan | first8=Xiyun | last9=Fan | first9=Kelong | journal=Nature Communications | volume=14 | issue=1 | page=8137 | pmid=38065945 | pmc=10709450 | bibcode=2023NatCo..14.8137J }}</ref> A dimensionality-engineered single-atom nanozyme was reported.<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/jacs.3c05162 | title=Dimensionality Engineering of Single-Atom Nanozyme for Efficient Peroxidase-Mimicking | date=2023 | last1=Li | first1=Guangming | last2=Liu | first2=Hao | last3=Hu | first3=Tianding | last4=Pu | first4=Fang | last5=Ren | first5=Jinsong | last6=Qu | first6=Xiaogang | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | volume=145 | issue=30 | pages=16835–16842 | pmid=37487021 | s2cid=260133028 }}</ref> A liposome-base nanozyme was developed to treat infected diabetic wounds.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wei |first1=Tingting |last2=Pan |first2=Tiezheng |last3=Peng |first3=Xiuping |last4=Zhang |first4=Mengjuan |last5=Guo |first5=Ru |last6=Guo |first6=Yuqing |last7=Mei |first7=Xiaohan |last8=Zhang |first8=Yuan |last9=Qi |first9=Ji |last10=Dong |first10=Fang |last11=Han |first11=Meijuan |last12=Kong |first12=Fandi |last13=Zou |first13=Lina |last14=Li |first14=Dan |last15=Zhi |first15=Dengke |last16=Wu |first16=Weihui |last17=Kong |first17=Deling |last18=Zhang |first18=Song |last19=Zhang |first19=Chunqiu |title=Janus liposozyme for the modulation of redox and immune homeostasis in infected diabetic wounds |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=13 May 2024 |volume=19 |issue=8 |pages=1178–1189 |doi=10.1038/s41565-024-01660-y |pmid=38740936 }}</ref> A single-site iron nanozyme was developed for alcohol detoxification.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Su |first1=Jiaqi |last2=Wang |first2=Pengjie |last3=Zhou |first3=Wei |last4=Peydayesh |first4=Mohammad |last5=Zhou |first5=Jiangtao |last6=Jin |first6=Tonghui |last7=Donat |first7=Felix |last8=Jin |first8=Cuiyuan |last9=Xia |first9=Lu |last10=Wang |first10=Kaiwen |last11=Ren |first11=Fazheng |last12=Van der Meeren |first12=Paul |last13=García de Arquer |first13=F. Pelayo |last14=Mezzenga |first14=Raffaele |title=Single-site iron-anchored amyloid hydrogels as catalytic platforms for alcohol detoxification |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=13 May 2024 |volume=19 |issue=8 |pages=1168–1177 |doi=10.1038/s41565-024-01657-7 |pmid=38740933 |doi-access=free |pmc=11329373 }}</ref> A Pt nanozyme was developed to treat gouty arthritis.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Xu |first1=Jingxin |last2=Wu |first2=Mingjun |last3=Yang |first3=Jie |last4=Zhao |first4=Dezhang |last5=He |first5=Dan |last6=Liu |first6=Yingju |last7=Yan |first7=Xiong |last8=Liu |first8=Yuying |last9=Pu |first9=Daojun |last10=Tan |first10=Qunyou |last11=Zhang |first11=Ling |last12=Zhang |first12=Jingqing |title=Multimodal smart systems reprogramme macrophages and remove urate to treat gouty arthritis |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=17 July 2024 |doi=10.1038/s41565-024-01715-0 |pmid=39020102 }}</ref> Two nature reviews on nanozymes were published, focusing on nanohealthcare and in vivo applications.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Yihong |last2=Wei |first2=Gen |last3=Liu |first3=Wanling |last4=Li |first4=Tong |last5=Wang |first5=Yuting |last6=Zhou |first6=Min |last7=Liu |first7=Yufeng |last8=Wang |first8=Xiaoyu |last9=Wei |first9=Hui |title=Nanozymes for nanohealthcare |journal=Nature Reviews Methods Primers |date=30 May 2024 |volume=4 |issue=1 |doi=10.1038/s43586-024-00315-5 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Ruofei |last2=Jiang |first2=Bing |last3=Fan |first3=Kelong |last4=Gao |first4=Lizeng |last5=Yan |first5=Xiyun |title=Designing nanozymes for in vivo applications |journal=Nature Reviews Bioengineering |date=18 July 2024 |doi=10.1038/s44222-024-00205-1 }}</ref> Combination of nanozyme and probiotics for IBD therapy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cao |first1=Fangfang |last2=Jin |first2=Lulu |last3=Gao |first3=Yong |last4=Ding |first4=Yuan |last5=Wen |first5=Hongyang |last6=Qian |first6=Zhefeng |last7=Zhang |first7=Chenyin |last8=Hong |first8=Liangjie |last9=Yang |first9=Huang |last10=Zhang |first10=Jiaojiao |last11=Tong |first11=Zongrui |last12=Wang |first12=Weilin |last13=Chen |first13=Xiaoyuan |last14=Mao |first14=Zhengwei |title=Artificial-enzymes-armed Bifidobacterium longum probiotics for alleviating intestinal inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=June 2023 |volume=18 |issue=6 |pages=617–627 |doi=10.1038/s41565-023-01346-x |pmid=36973397 |bibcode=2023NatNa..18..617C }}</ref> An artificial metabzyme for tumour-cell-specific metabolic therapy was reported.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hu |first1=Xi |last2=Zhang |first2=Bo |last3=Zhang |first3=Miao |last4=Liang |first4=Wenshi |last5=Hong |first5=Bangzhen |last6=Ma |first6=Zhiyuan |last7=Sheng |first7=Jianpeng |last8=Liu |first8=Tianqi |last9=Yang |first9=Shengfei |last10=Liang |first10=Zeyu |last11=Zhang |first11=Jichao |last12=Fan |first12=Chunhai |last13=Li |first13=Fangyuan |last14=Ling |first14=Daishun |title=An artificial metabzyme for tumour-cell-specific metabolic therapy |journal=Nature Nanotechnology |date=5 August 2024 |doi=10.1038/s41565-024-01733-y |pmid=39103450 }}</ref>

== See also ==
{{col div|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Abzyme]]
* [[Biomimetics]]
* [[Bioorthogonal chemistry]]
* [[Carbon nanotube]]
* [[Catalysis]]
* [[Density functional theory]]
* [[Directed evolution]]
* [[Enzyme]]
* [[Fullerene]]
* [[Graphene]]
* [[Metal-organic framework]]
* [[Molecular machine]]
* [[Molecularly imprinted polymer]]
* [[Nanochemistry]]
* [[Origin of life]]
* [[Supramolecular chemistry]]
* [[Synzyme]]
* [[Zeolite]]
{{colend}}

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Enzyme (artificial)}}
[[Category:Enzymes]]
[[Category:Synthetic biology]]
[[Category:Nanotechnology]]