View source for Aurangabad district, Bihar

{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Aurangabad, Bihar|other uses|Aurangabad (disambiguation)}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Aurangabad district
| settlement_type    = [[List of districts of Bihar|District]] of [[Bihar]]
| total_type         = Total
| native_name        = 
| image_skyline      = Adari River.JPG
| image_caption      = Adari River
| image_map          = Bihar district location map Aurangabad.svg
| map_caption        = Location of Aurangabad district in Bihar
| coordinates        = {{coord|24.70|N|84.35|E|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint      = Aurangabad, Bihar
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flagicon image|Bihar Government Banner.png}} [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Magadh division|Magadh]]
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 
| seat_type          = Headquarters
| seat               = [[Aurangabad, Bihar]]
| parts_type         = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style        = para
| p1                 = 
| area_total_km2     = 3305
| area_footnotes     = 
| population_as_of   = 2011
| population_total   = 2,540,073
| population_footnotes = 
| population_urban   = 
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 72.77%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 916
| leader_title       = [[Member of parliament|MP]]
| leader_name        = [[Abhay Kushwaha]]
| leader_title1      = District Magistrate & Collector
| leader_name1       = Shri Shrikant Shastree  [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]
| leader_title2      = Superintendent of police
| leader_name2       = Swapna Gautam Meshram [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| timezone1          = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1        = +05:30
| registration_plate = 
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1    = NH2 now [[National Highway 19 NH 139(India)|NH19]]
| blank_name_sec2    = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] {{nobold|(2016)}}
| blank_info_sec2    = {{increase}} 0.555<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324538742|title=Development of Human Development Index at District Level for EAG States|date=March 2016|access-date=18 February 2022}}</ref> ({{color|#fc0|medium}})
| website            = {{URL|https://aurangabad.bih.nic.in/}}
| official_name      = 
| governing_body     = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_party       = 
}}
'''Aurangabad district''' is one of the thirty-eight [[districts of Bihar]] [[States and union territories of India|state]], India. It is currently a part of the [[Red Corridor]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html |title=83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme |publisher=IntelliBriefs |date=11 December 2009 |access-date=17 September 2011 |archive-date=27 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111027115807/http://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Aurangabad is also called "Chittorgarh" of Bihar because the number of Suryavanshi Rajputs is very high here.

Aurangabad played a major role in the [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence struggle]],<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://www.indianpost.com/viewstamp.php/Alpha/DR.A.N.%20SINGH
| title=First Bihar Deputy CM cum Finance Minister;Dr. A N Sinha
|author=Indian Post
| publisher=official Website
| access-date=20 May 2008
}}</ref> and is also the birthplace of eminent nationalist & first [[Deputy Chief Minister]] of state, Bihar Vibhuti Dr. [[Anugrah Narayan Sinha]], a participant of [[Champaran Satyagraha]] who is regarded among makers of modern independent Bihar.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.exammaterial.com/aurangabad-districtbihar/ |title=Aurangabad district, Bihar · Exam MaterialExam Material |access-date=20 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020140140/http://www.exammaterial.com/aurangabad-districtbihar/ |archive-date=20 October 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Geography==
Aurangabad district occupies an area of {{convert|3389|km2|sqmi}},<ref name='Reference Annual'>{{cite book | editor = Srivastava, Dayawanti | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1118–1119 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}<!--| access-date =11 October 2011 --></ref> comparatively equivalent to [[Russia]]'s [[Vaygach Island]].<ref name='Islands'>{{cite web | url = http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | title = Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area | access-date = 11 October 2011 | date = 18 February 1997 | publisher = [[United Nations Environment Program]] | quote = Vaygach Island 3,329km2 | archive-date = 1 December 2015 | archive-url = https://archive.today/20151201081219/http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref> [[Aurangabad, Bihar|Aurangabad]] town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Aurangabad district is a part of [[Magadh division]].

Aurangabad became a fully-fledged district when it was split from the [[Gaya district]] in 1972. Aurangabad celebrates its formation day on every 26 January .<ref name='Statoids'>{{cite web | url = http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | title = Districts of India | access-date =11 October 2011 | last = Law | first = Gwillim | date = 25 September 2011 | work = Statoids}}</ref>

==Economy==
In 2006, the Indian government named Aurangabad one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). Cultivation of Strawberry have significantly contributed to the economy of the farmers of the district. Many farmers from the south and south-west blocks e.g. Amba, Nabinagar Block are growing straberries and are gaining good profits.

The Famous GI tag holder Magahi Paan is also grown by the Chaurasia community of  some villages from Deo block.<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=5 April 2012}}</ref>

==History==
Since the independence of India, the [[Aurangabad, Bihar Lok Sabha constituency|Aurangabad Lok Sabha Constituency]], which forms a part of Aurangabad district has elected Member of Parliament from Rajput caste only. This district has remained a hotbed of Dalit assertion as a part of Naxalite-Maoist insurgency. It has also witnessed caste wars between the Rajput landlords and  [[Dalit]]s, the latter were led in this struggle by the peasant [[caste]]s like [[Koeri]] and [[Yadav]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/end-of-a-dynasty-in-chittorgarh-of-bihar-728009.html|title=End of a dynasty in 'Chittorgarh of Bihar'|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612163248/https://www.deccanherald.com/national/end-of-a-dynasty-in-chittorgarh-of-bihar-728009.html|archive-date=12 June 2022 |website=[[Deccan Herald]]|date=10 April 2019 |accessdate=12 June 2022}}</ref>

==Demographics==

{{historical populations|11=1901|12=4,67,445|13=1911|14=4,89,924|15=1921|16=4,88,092|17=1931|18=5,41,490|19=1941|20=6,29,204|21=1951|22=6,96,115|23=1961|24=8,30,989|25=1971|26=10,16,094|27=1981|28=12,37,072|29=1991|30=15,39,988|31=2001|32=20,13,055|33=2011|34=25,40,073|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{cite web |title=Table A-02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901: Bihar |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/43343/download/47022/10%20A-2%20Bihar.pdf |website=census.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>|align=center}}

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Aurangabad district (2011)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Bihar |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11366/download/14479/DDW10C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Per cent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|90.20}}
{{bar percent|[[Bihari Muslims|Islam]]|green|9.34}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.46}}
}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Aurangabad district, Bihar has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 2,540,073,<ref name=districtcensus>{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Aurangabad |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/252/download/658/DH_2011_1033_PART_A_DCHB_AURANGABAD.pdf |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Kuwait]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Kuwait 2,595,62 | archive-date = 27 September 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> or the US state of [[Nevada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=30 September 2011 |quote=Nevada 2,700,551 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=19 October 2013}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 172nd in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert|760|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 24.75%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Aurangabad has a [[sex ratio]] of 916 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 72.77%. 9.32% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 24.10% and 0.04% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>

{{pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages in Aurangabad district (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Magahi language|Magahi]] |value1 = 69.69 |color1 = crimson
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 24.68 |color2 = Orange
|label3 = [[Urdu]] |value3 = 5.17 |color3 = Green
|label4 = Others |value4 = 0.46 |color4 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 69.69% of the population spoke [[Magahi language|Magahi]], 24.68% [[Hindi]] and 5.17% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Bihar |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10196/download/13308/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1000.XLSX|website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

== Politics ==
{{transcluded section|source=17th Bihar Assembly}}  
{{#section:17th Bihar Assembly|MLA Header}}
{{#section:17th Bihar Assembly|Aurangabad district, Bihar}}
|}

==Tourism==
* [[Deo Surya Mandir]]
* [[Deo Fort]]
* [[Umga Sun Temple]]
* Biodiversity Park, Deo in Aurangabad district <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/aurangabad/story-biodiversity-park-will-open-to-the-general-public-next-year-page-4-flyer-9060135.html|title=अगले साल आम लोगों के लिए खुल जाएगा जैव विविधता पार्क पेज 4 फ्लायर |work=Live Hindustan}}</ref>


==See also==
* [[Barun, India]] town in Aurangabad District
* [[Daudnagar]], A major town of Aurangabad district
* [[Deo, Bihar|Deo]], town in Aurangabad district
* [[Surkhi, Bihar|Surkhi]], a village in Aurangabad district

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://aurangabad.bih.nic.in/ Aurangabad information portal]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Aurangabad district
|North = 
|Northeast = [[Arwal district]]
|East = 
|Southeast = [[Gaya district]]
|South = 
|Southwest = [[Palamu district]], Jharkhand
|West = 
|Northwest = [[Rohtas district]]
}}

{{Aurangabad district, Bihar topics}}
{{Districts of Bihar}}
{{Magadh Division}}
{{Magadh Division topics}}
{{Son basin}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Aurangabad district, Bihar| ]]
[[Category:Magadh division]]
[[Category:Districts of Bihar]]
[[Category:1973 establishments in Bihar]]