View source for Caucon

{{Short description|Greek mythology - of the same name}}
In [[Greek mythology]], the name '''Caucon''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɔː|k|ə|n|,_|ˈ|k|ɔː|k|ɒ|n}}; [[Ancient Greek]]: Καύκων) may refer to:

*Caucon, an [[Arcadia (region)|Arcadian]] prince as one of the 50 sons of the impious King [[Lycaon of Arcadia|Lycaon]] either by the [[naiad]] [[Cyllene (mythology)|Cyllene]],<ref>[[Dionysius of Halicarnassus]], ''Antiquitates Romanae'' 1.13.1</ref> [[Nonacris (mythology)|Nonacris]]<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+8.17.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:chapter=&highlight=Nonacris 8.17.6]</ref> or by unknown woman.<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.8.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=3:chapter=8&highlight=Caucon 3.8.1]; [[Tzetzes]] on [[Lycophron]], 481</ref> He was an ancestral hero and [[eponym]] of the [[Caucones]] that were believed to have settled in [[Triphylia]].<ref>[[Scholia]] on [[Homer]], ''[[Odyssey]]'' 3.366</ref> His tomb was shown at [[Lepreum|Lepreus]],<ref>[[Strabo]], 8.3.16 remarking that Caucon might have been the progenitor of the tribe, or might have had the same name by coincidence</ref> with a statue of a man with a [[lyre]] standing over it.<ref>Pausanias, 5.5.5</ref> Other traditions made him son of [[Poseidon]] and father of [[Lepreus (mythology)|Lepreus]] by [[Astydameia]].<ref>[[Athenaeus]], 10.412b; [[Claudius Aelianus|Aelian]], ''Varia Historia'' 1.24</ref> Caucon and his brothers were the most nefarious and carefree of all people. To test them, [[Zeus]] visited them in the form of a peasant. These brothers mixed the entrails of a child into the god's meal, whereupon the enraged Zeus threw the meal over the table. Caucon was killed, along with his brothers and their father, by a lightning bolt of the god.<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.8.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=3:chapter=8&highlight=Aegaeon 3.8.1]</ref>
*Caucon, son of [[Celaenus (mythology)|Celaenus]] and grandson of the [[autochthon (ancient Greece)|autochthon]] Phlyus, from [[Eleusis]]. He was said to have brought the rites of the Great Goddesses from Eleusis to [[Andania]] in [[Messene]].<ref>Pausanias, 4.1.5 & 4.2.6</ref> Legend had it that he appeared to [[Epaminondas]] in a dream, prophesying him success in restoration of the Messenian state;<ref>Pausanias, 2.4.6–8</ref> the Messenian allies of Epaminondas offered sacrifices to Caucon.<ref>Pausanias, 4.27.6</ref>

== Notes ==
{{Portal|Ancient Greece|Myths|}}{{reflist}}

== References ==

* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. {{ISBN|0-674-99135-4}}. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021 Greek text available from the same website].
*[[Athenaeus|Athenaeus of Naucratis]], ''The Deipnosophists or Banquet of the Learned.'' London. Henry G. Bohn, York Street, Covent Garden. 1854. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2013.01.0003 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library].
* Athenaeus of Naucratis, ''Deipnosophistae''. Kaibel. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Lipsiae. 1887. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2013.01.0001 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Claudius Aelianus]], ''Varia Historia'' translated by Thomas Stanley (d.1700) edition of 1665. [https://topostext.org/work/220 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
* Claudius Aelianus, ''Claudii Aeliani de natura animalium libri xvii, varia historia, epistolae, fragmenta, Vol 2''. Rudolf Hercher. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Lipsiae. 1866.
* [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0591 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Description of Greece'' with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. {{ISBN|0-674-99328-4}}. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0160 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library]
*Pausanias, ''Graeciae Descriptio.'' ''3 vols''. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903.  [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0159 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Strabo]], ''The Geography of Strabo.'' Edition by H.L. Jones. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0198%3Abook%3D6%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D1 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* Strabo, ''Geographica'' edited by A. Meineke. Leipzig: Teubner. 1877. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0197 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.]


{{Greek myth index}}

[[Category:Children of Poseidon]]
[[Category:Sons of Lycaon]]
[[Category:Princes in Greek mythology]]
[[Category:Kings in Greek mythology]]
[[Category:Mythological Arcadians]]
[[Category:Mythological Eleusinians]]
[[Category:Arcadian mythology]]
[[Category:Messenian mythology]]