View source for Coins of the United States dollar

{{Short description|Coins issued by the United States}}
Coins of the [[United States dollar]] – aside from those of the earlier [[Continental currency]] – were first minted in 1792. New coins have been produced annually and they comprise a significant aspect of the [[United States]] [[United States currency|currency system]]. Circulating coins exist in denominations of 1¢ (i.e. 1 [[cent (currency)|cent]] or $0.01), 5¢, 10¢, 25¢, 50¢, and $1.00. Also minted are [[Bullion coin|bullion]], including [[gold coin|gold]], [[silver coin|silver]] and [[platinum coin|platinum]], and [[Commemorative coin|commemorative]] coins. All of these are produced by the [[United States Mint]]. The coins are then sold to [[Federal Reserve Bank]]s which in turn put coins into circulation and withdraw them as demanded by the United States economy.

==Current coinage==
Four mints currently operate in the United States producing [[United States Mint coin production|billions of coins]] each year. The main mint is the [[Philadelphia Mint]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/mint_facilities/?action=PA_facilities |title=United States Philadelphia Mint Facility |publisher=United States Mint |access-date=2011-05-25 |archive-date=2023-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627005047/https://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/mint_facilities/?action=PA_facilities |url-status=dead }}</ref> which produces circulating coinage, [[mint set]]s and some commemorative coins. The [[Denver Mint]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/mint_facilities/?action=DV_facilities |title=Denver Mint Facility |publisher=United States Mint |access-date=2011-05-25 |archive-date=2023-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230108190342/https://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/mint_facilities/?action=DV_facilities |url-status=dead }}</ref> also produces circulating coinage, mint sets and commemoratives. The [[San Francisco Mint]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/mint_facilities/?action=SF_facilities |title=United States Mint at San Francisco |publisher=United States Mint |access-date=2011-05-25 |archive-date=2023-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230108190343/https://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/mint_facilities/?action=SF_facilities |url-status=dead }}</ref> produces regular and silver [[proof coinage]], and produced circulating coinage until the 1970s. The [[West Point Mint]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/mint_facilities/?action=WP_facilities |title=West Point Mint Facility |publisher=United States Mint |access-date=2011-05-25 |archive-date=2011-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604100557/http://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/mint_facilities/?action=WP_facilities |url-status=live }}</ref> produces [[bullion coin]]age (including proofs). Philadelphia and Denver produce the [[Coin die|dies]] used at all of the mints. The proof and mint sets are manufactured each year and contain examples of all of the year's circulating coins.

The producing mint of each coin may be easily identified, as most coins bear a mint mark. The identifying letter of the mint can be found on the front side of most coins, and is often placed near the year. Unmarked coins are issued by the Philadelphia mint. Among marked coins, Philadelphia coins bear a letter P. Denver coins bear a letter D, San Francisco coins bear a letter S, and West Point coins bear a letter W. S and W coins are rarely found in general circulation, although S coins bearing dates prior to the mid-1970s are in circulation. The CC, O, C, and D mint marks were used on gold and silver coins for various periods from the mid-19th century until the early 20th century by temporary mints in [[Carson City Mint|Carson City, Nevada]]; [[New Orleans Mint|New Orleans, Louisiana]]; [[Charlotte Mint|Charlotte, North Carolina]]; and [[Dahlonega Mint|Dahlonega, Georgia]].  Most such coins that still exist are now in the hands of collectors and museums.

===Coins in circulation===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!rowspan="2"| Value !!colspan="2"| Image !!colspan="4"| Specifications<ref>{{usc|31|5112}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/?action=coin_specifications |title=Coin Specifications |publisher=United States Mint |access-date=2011-05-27 |archive-date=2015-02-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218061037/http://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/?action=coin_specifications |url-status=dead }}</ref> !!colspan="3"| Description !!rowspan="2"| Minted !!rowspan="2"| Usage !!rowspan="2"| Common name
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse !! Diameter !! Thickness !! Mass !! Composition !! Edge !! Obverse !! Reverse
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}<!-- new row; 1909 US Penny -->
| rowspan="8"|[[Penny (United States coin)|1¢]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#fff" rowspan="8"| [[File:US One Cent Obv.png|48px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#fff" rowspan="4"| [[File:Wheatback2014.png|48px]]
| rowspan="8"| {{convert|19.05|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="8"| {{convert|1.52|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="1"| 1909–1942<br />{{convert|3.11|g|gr|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="1"| [[copper]] 95%<br />[[tin]]/[[zinc]] 5%
| rowspan="8"| plain
| rowspan="8"| [[Abraham Lincoln]]
| rowspan="4"| [[Wheat]]
| rowspan="4"| 1909–1958
| rowspan="1"| wide<sup>[[#Remarks|2]]</sup>
| rowspan="4"| wheat cent, wheat penny, wheatie
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}<!-- new row; 1943 US Penny -->
| rowspan="1"| 1943: ?
| rowspan="1"| [[steel]]/[[zinc]]<sup>[[#Remarks|1]]</sup>
| rowspan="1"| rare<sup>[[#Remarks|2]]</sup>
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}<!-- new row; 1944 US Penny --> 
| rowspan="1"| 1944–1946: ?
| rowspan="1"| salvaged [[brass]] composition<sup>[[#Remarks|1]]</sup>
| rowspan="1"| wide<sup>[[#Remarks|2]]</sup>
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}<!-- new row; 1947 US Penny (same as 1909) -->
| rowspan="2"| 1947–1982<br />{{convert|3.11|g|gr|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="2"| [[copper]] 95%<br />[[tin]]/[[zinc]] 5%
| rowspan="1"| wide<sup>[[#Remarks|2]]</sup>
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}<!-- new row; 1959 US Penny -->
| rowspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:2005 Penny Rev Unc D.png|48px]]
| rowspan="2"|[[Lincoln Memorial]]
| rowspan="2"|1959–2008
| rowspan= "4"|wide
| rowspan="4"| cent, penny
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}<!-- new row; 1982 US Penny -->
| rowspan= "3"|1982–present<br />2.50&nbsp;g (38 gr)
| rowspan= "3"| <u>Core:</u><br /> [[zinc]] 97.5%<br /> <u>Plating:</u><br /> [[copper]] 2.5%<sup>[[#Remarks|1]]</sup>
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}<!-- new row; 2009 US Penny -->
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[Penny (United States coin)#Lincoln Bicentennial cents (2009)|see article: Lincoln Bicentennial cents (2009)]]
| [[Penny (United States coin)#Lincoln Bicentennial cents (2009)|Lincoln bicentennial designs]]
| 2009
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}<!-- new row; 2010 US Penny -->
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:US union shield penny reverse.png|48px]]
| [[Penny (United States coin)#Union shield cent (2010–present)|Union shield]]
| 2010–present
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan="3"| [[Nickel (United States coin)|5¢]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[File:Jefferson-Nickel-Unc-Obv.jpg|58px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[File:US Nickel Reverse.jpg|53px]]
| rowspan="3"| {{convert|21.21|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="3"| {{convert|1.95|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="3"| {{convert|5.000|g|gr|2|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="3"| [[copper]] 75%<br />[[nickel]] 25%<sup>[[#Remarks|3]]</sup>
| rowspan="3"| plain
| [[Thomas Jefferson]] (profile)
| [[Monticello]]
| 1938–2003
| rowspan="3"| wide
| rowspan="3"| nickel
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[Nickel (United States coin)#Westward Journey commemoratives (2004–2005)|see article: Westward Journey nickel]]
| colspan="2"| [[Nickel (United States coin)#Westward Journey commemoratives (2004–2005)|Lewis & Clark bicentennial designs]]
| 2004–2005
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:US Nickel Obverse.jpeg|53px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:US Nickel 2013 Rev.png|53px]]
| [[Thomas Jefferson]] (portrait)
| [[Monticello]]
| 2006–present
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan="1"| [[Dime (United States coin)|10¢]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:Dime Obverse 13.png|45px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:Dime Reverse 13.png|45px]]
| {{convert|17.91|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|1.35|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| {{convert|2.268|g|gr|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="12"| <u>Core:</u><br /> [[copper]] 100%<br /> <u>Plating:</u><br /> [[copper]] 75%<br />[[nickel]] 25%<br /> <u>Overall:</u><br /> [[copper]]&nbsp;91.67%<br />[[nickel]] 8.33%<sup>[[#Remarks|4]]</sup>
| 118 reeds
| [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
| torch, [[oak]] branch, [[olive branch]]
| 1946–present
| wide
| dime
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan="7"| [[Quarter (United States coin)|25¢]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff" rowspan="3"| [[File:98 quarter obverse.png|63px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:98 quarter reverse.png|63px]]
| rowspan="7"| {{convert|24.26|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="7"| {{convert|1.75|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="7"| {{convert|5.670|g|gr|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="7"| 119 reeds
| rowspan="7"| [[George Washington]]
| [[Bald eagle]]
| 1932–1974, 1977–1998<sup>[[#Remarks|5]]</sup>
| rowspan="7"| wide
| rowspan="7"| quarter, quarter dollar
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:1976 Bicentennial Quarter Rev.png|60px]]
| [[United States Bicentennial coinage|Bicentennial]] colonial military drummer
| (1975) 1976<sup>[[#Remarks|5]]</sup>
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:United States Quarter Reverse 2021.jpg|60px]]
| Washington crossing the Delaware
| 2021
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff" rowspan="2"| [[File:2006 Quarter Proof.png|60px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[50 State quarters|see article: 50 State quarters]]
| [[50 State Quarters|State Quarter Series]]
| 1999–2008
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[District of Columbia and United States Territories quarters|see article: D.C. and U.S. Territories quarters]]
| [[District of Columbia and United States Territories Quarters|D.C. and U. S. Territories Quarters]]
| 2009
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:2014 ATB Quarter Obv.png|60px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[America the Beautiful quarters|see article: America the Beautiful quarters]]
| [[America the Beautiful Quarters]]
| 2010–2021
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[File:2022 Washington quarter obverse.jpeg|60px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[American Women quarters|see article: American Women quarters]]
| [[American Women quarters]]
| 2022–2025
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan="2"| [[Half dollar (United States coin)|50¢]]<br/>
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff" rowspan="2"| [[File:US Half Dollar Obverse 2015.png|77px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:US 50 Cent Rev.png|77px]]
| rowspan="2"| {{convert|30.61|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="2"| {{convert|2.15|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="2"| {{convert|11.34|g|gr|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="2"| 150 reeds
| rowspan="2"| [[John F. Kennedy]]
| [[Seal of the president of the United States]] surrounded by 50 stars
| 1964–1974, 1977–present<sup>[[#Remarks|5]]</sup>
| rowspan="2"| limited<sup>[[#Remarks|6]]</sup>
| rowspan="2"| half, half dollar, 50-cent piece
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:Bicentennial 50c.png|77px]]
| [[Independence Hall]]
| (1975) 1976<sup>[[#Remarks|5]]</sup>
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan="3" | [[Dollar coin (United States)|$1]]<br/>
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff" rowspan="2"| [[File:1978 dollar obv.jpg|111px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:1978 dollar rev.jpg|111px]]
| rowspan="2"| {{convert|38.1|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="2"| {{convert|2.58|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="2"| 22.68&nbsp;g<br/>(0.8 [[ounce|oz]])<br/>(350&nbsp;[[grain (unit)|gr]])
| rowspan="2"| reeded
| rowspan="2"| [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]
| [[Apollo 11]] mission insignia
| 1971–1974, 1977–1978
| rowspan="2"|limited
| rowspan="2"|large dollar, Ike dollar, silver dollar
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:1976D_Type2_Eisenhower_Reverse.jpg|111px]]
| [[Liberty Bell]] superimposed over [[the Moon]]
| 1975–1976
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:1999 SBA Obv P.png|66px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:1999 SBA Rev P.png|66px]]
| rowspan="1"| {{convert|26.50|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="1"| {{convert|2.00|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="1"| 8.10&nbsp;g<br />(125 [[grain (unit)|gr]])
|
| reeded
| [[Susan B. Anthony]]
| [[Apollo 11]] mission insignia
| 1979–1981, 1999<sup>[[#Remarks|8]]</sup>
| rowspan="1"|limited
| rowspan="1"|SBA, Suzie B., Anthony, silver dollar
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
| rowspan="4" | [[Dollar coin (United States)|$1]]<br/>
| rowspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:Sacagawea dollar obverse.png|69px]]
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:2003 Sacagawea Rev.png|69px]]
| rowspan="4" | {{convert|26.49|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="4" | {{convert|2.00|mm|in|3|abbr=on}}
| rowspan="4" | 8.10&nbsp;g<br />(125 [[grain (unit)|gr]])
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center" | Core:<br /> &nbsp;100%&nbsp;[[Copper|Cu]]<br />[[Cladding (metalworking)|Cladding]]: &nbsp;77%&nbsp;Cu,<br /> &nbsp;12%&nbsp;[[Zinc|Zn]],<br /> &nbsp;&nbsp;7%&nbsp;[[Manganese|Mn]],<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;4%&nbsp;[[Nickel|Ni]]<br />Overall: &nbsp;88.5%&nbsp;Cu,<br /> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6%&nbsp;Zn,<br /> &nbsp;&nbsp;3.5%&nbsp;Mn,<br /> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2%&nbsp;Ni
| plain
| rowspan="2"| [[Sacagawea]]
| Bald eagle in flight
| 2000–2008
| rowspan="4" |limited<sup>[[#Remarks|7]]</sup>
| rowspan="2"| dollar coin, gold(en) dollar, Sacagawea
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[Sacagawea dollar#Native American redesign (2009–present)|see article: Native American redesign (2009–present)]]
| rowspan="3" | incused inscriptions
| Native American Themes
| 2009–present (after 2012 not for circulation)<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.usmint.gov/mint_programs/circulatingCoins/?action=CircNativeDollar| title = Native American $1 Coin| access-date = 2016-04-07| archive-date = 2016-04-15| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160415013715/http://www.usmint.gov/mint_programs/circulatingCoins/?action=CircNativeDollar| url-status = dead}}</ref>
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[Presidential dollar coins|see article: Presidential dollar coins]]<sup>[[#Remarks|7]]</sup>
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[File:LineartPresRev.png|67px]]
| [[President of the United States|Each deceased president]]
| [[Statue of Liberty]]
| 2007–2016, 2020 (after 2012 not for circulation)
| rowspan="2" | dollar coin, gold(en) dollar
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|
| align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[American Innovation dollars|see article: American Innovation dollars]]<sup>[[#Remarks|9]]</sup>
| [[Statue of Liberty]]<sup>[[#Remarks|10]]</sup>
| Various designs, honoring an innovation or innovator from each state
| 2018–2032 (not currently circulated)
|-
| colspan="13"|{{Standard coin table notice|standard_scale=Y}}
|}

====Remarks====
[[File:US One Cent Obv.png|right|150px]]


[[File:United States nickel obverse.jpg|right|145x145px]]
[[File:Dime Obverse 13.png|right|150x150px]]
[[File:2014 ATB Quarter Obv.png|right|150x150px]]
# The [[Penny (United States coin)#History of composition|mass and composition of the cent]] changed to the current copper-plated zinc core in 1982. Both types were minted in 1982 with no distinguishing mark. Cents minted in 1943 were struck on planchets punched from zinc-coated steel which left the resulting edges uncoated. This caused many of these coins to rust. These [[1943 steel cent|"steel pennies"]] are not likely to be found in circulation today, as they were later intentionally removed from circulation for recycling the metal and by collectors. However, cents minted from 1944 to 1946 were made from a special salvaged WWII brass composition to replace the steel cents, but still save material for the war effort, and are more common in circulation than their 1943 counterparts.
# The wheat cent was mainstream and common during its time. Some dates are rare, but many can still be found in circulation. This is partially due to the fact that unlike the formerly silver denominations (dollar, half dollar, quarter, and dime), the composition of the pre-1982 cent, nearly pure copper, is not so much more valuable over face value for it to be hoarded to the extreme extent of the silver denominations.
# Nickels produced from mid-1942 through 1945 were manufactured from 56% copper, 35% silver and 9% manganese. This allowed the saved nickel metal to be shifted to industrial production of military supplies during World War II. Few of these are still found in circulation.
# Prior to 1965 and passage of the [[Coinage Act of 1965]] the composition of the dime, quarter, half-dollar and dollar coins was 90% silver and 10% copper. The half-dollar continued to be minted in a 40% silver-clad composition between 1965 and 1970. Dimes and quarters from before 1965 and half-dollars from before 1971 are generally not in circulation due to being removed for their [[silver]] content. Some modern commemorative coins have been minted in the silver dollar denominations.
# In 1975 and 1976 [[United States Bicentennial coinage|U.S. Bicentennial coinage]] was minted. Regardless of date of coining, each coin bears the dual date "1776-1976". The Quarter-Dollar, Half-Dollar and Dollar coins were issued in the copper 91.67% nickel 8.33% composition for general circulation and the Government issued six-coin Proof Set. A special three-coin set of 40% silver coins were also issued by the U.S. Mint in both Uncirculated and Proof.
# Use of the half-dollar is not as widespread as that of other coins in general circulation; most Americans use dollar coins, quarters, dimes, nickels and cents only, as these are the only coins most often found in general circulation. When found, many 50¢ coins are quickly hoarded, spent, or brought to banks. As large numbers of half dollars are typically held by banks or available to order, they are often sought after by [[Coin roll hunting|coin roll hunters]] for the purpose of searching for silver coins, proofs, and coins not intended for circulation.
# The Presidential Dollar series features portraits of all deceased [[President of the United States|U.S. Presidents]] with four coin designs issued each year in the order of the president's inauguration date. These coins began circulating on February 15, 2007. Starting 2012, these coins have been minted only for collectible sets because of a large stockpile.
# The [[Susan B. Anthony dollar]] coin was minted from 1979 to 1981 and 1999. The 1999 minting was in response to Treasury supplies of the dollar becoming depleted and the inability to accelerate the minting of the Sacagawea dollars by a year. 1981 Anthony dollars can sometimes be found in circulation from proof sets that were broken open, but these dollars were not minted with the intent that they circulate.
# Although dollar coins have not been struck for circulation since the Sacagawea and Presidential dollar runs ending in 2011, the continuing Native American dollar series and the newer American Innovation dollar series are considered circulation coins by the US Mint.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usmint.gov/news/image-library/circulating|title=Circulating Coins {{!}} News Image Library {{!}} U.S. Mint|newspaper=United States Mint|date=9 November 2016|access-date=2019-07-27|last1=Hain-Kararakis|first1=Phaedon|archive-date=2019-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710093356/https://www.usmint.gov/news/image-library/circulating|url-status=live}}</ref>
# Since 2019, each American Innovation dollar coin features a different privy mark, changed annually, located just below "IN GOD WE TRUST".

===Bullion coins===
Non-circulating [[bullion coin]]s have been produced each year since 1986. They can be found in [[gold]], [[silver]], [[platinum]] (since 1997), and [[palladium]] (since 2017). The face value of these coins is legal as tender, but does not actually reflect the value of the precious metal contained therein. On May 11, 2011, [[Utah]] became the first state to accept these coins as the value of the precious metal in common transactions. The [[Utah State Treasurer]] assigns a numerical precious metal value to these coins each week based on the spot metal prices. The bullion coin types include "S" (San Francisco, 1986–1992), "P" (Philadelphia, 1993 – 2000), and "W" (West Point, New York, 2001–present).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneymetals.com/guides/american-silver-eagle-coins|title=American Silver Coin|date=21 March 2018|access-date=24 July 2019|archive-date=3 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703145412/https://www.moneymetals.com/guides/american-silver-eagle-coins|url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
! rowspan="2" |Metal
! rowspan="2" |Type
! rowspan="2" |Face Value
! colspan="2" |Images
! colspan="4" |Specifications
|-
! Obverse
! Reverse
! Diameter
! Fineness
! Content
!Dates
|- {{coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan="3" | [[Silver as an investment|Silver]]
| [[America the Beautiful silver bullion coins]]
| 25¢
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" colspan=2 | [[America the Beautiful quarters|See article: America the Beautiful quarters]]
| 76.2&nbsp;mm
| rowspan="3" | 999 fine
| {{convert|5.00|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
|2010–2021
|- {{coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan=2|[[American Silver Eagle]]
| rowspan=2|$1
| rowspan=2 bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:Liberty $1 Obverse.png|102px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:Liberty $1 Reverse.png|102px]]
| rowspan=2|40.6&nbsp;mm
| rowspan=2|{{convert|1.00|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 1986–2021
|-{{coin-silver-color}}
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center"|[[File:$1 Silver Eagle Type 2 Reverse.png|100px]]
| 2021 – present
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| rowspan="13" | [[Gold as an investment|Gold]]
| rowspan="8" | [[American Gold Eagle]]
| rowspan=2|$5
| rowspan=2 bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:Liberty $50 Obverse.png|41px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | 
| rowspan=2|16.5&nbsp;mm
| rowspan="8" | 916 fine (22 [[Carat (purity)|karat]])
| rowspan=2|{{convert|0.10|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 1986–2021
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | 
| 2021 – present
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| rowspan=2|$10
| rowspan=2 bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:Liberty $50 Obverse.png|55px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | 
| rowspan=2|22.0&nbsp;mm
| rowspan=2|{{convert|0.25|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 1986–2021
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" |
| 2021 – present
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| rowspan=2|$25
| rowspan=2 bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:Liberty $50 Obverse.png|68px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | 
| rowspan=2|27.0&nbsp;mm
| rowspan=2|{{convert|0.50|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 1986–2021
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | 
| 2021 – present
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| rowspan=2|$50
| rowspan=2 bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:Liberty $50 Obverse.png|82px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:Liberty $50 Reverse.png|82px]]
| rowspan=2|32.7&nbsp;mm
| rowspan=2|{{convert|1.00|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 1986–2021
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | 
| 2021 – present
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| rowspan="4" | [[American Buffalo (coin)|American Buffalo]]
| $5
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:2008 American Buffalo $5 tenth ounce proof coin (obverse).jpg|41px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:2008 American Buffalo $5 tenth ounce proof coin (reverse).jpg|41px]]
| 16.5&nbsp;mm
| rowspan="5" | 999.9 fine (24 karat)
| {{convert|0.10|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 2008
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| $10
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:2008 American Buffalo $10 quarter ounce proof coin (obverse).jpg|55px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:2008 American Buffalo $10 quarter ounce proof coin (reverse).jpg|55px]]
| 22.0&nbsp;mm
| {{convert|0.25|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 2008
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| $25
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:2008 American Buffalo $25 half ounce proof coin (obverse).jpg|68px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:2008 American Buffalo $25 half ounce proof coin (reverse).jpg|68px]]
| 27.0&nbsp;mm
| {{convert|0.50|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 2008
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| $50
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:Buffalo $50 Obverse.png|82px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:Buffalo $50 Reverse.png|82px]]
| 32.7&nbsp;mm
| {{convert|1.00|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 2006 – present
|- {{coin-yellow-color}}
| [[American Liberty high relief gold coin]]
| $100
| colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" |[[American Liberty high relief gold coin|see article: American Liberty high relief gold coin]]
| 30.61&nbsp;mm
| {{convert|1.00|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
| 2015 – present
|- {{coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan="4" | [[Platinum as an investment|Platinum]]
| rowspan="4" | [[American Platinum Eagle]]
| $10
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:1998 Tenth Ounce American Platinum Eagle (obverse).jpg|41px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:1998 Tenth Ounce American Platinum Eagle (reverse).jpg|41px]]
| 16.5&nbsp;mm
| rowspan="4" | 999.5 fine
| {{convert|0.10|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
|1997–2008
|- {{coin-silver-color}}
| $25
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:American Platinum Eagle 2007 Obv.jpg|55px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:American Platinum Eagle $25 quarter ounce reverse.jpg|55px]]
| 22.0&nbsp;mm
| {{convert|0.25|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
|1997–2008
|- {{coin-silver-color}}
| $50
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:American Platinum Eagle 2007 Obv.jpg|68px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:American Platinum Eagle $50 half ounce reverse.jpg|68px]]
|27.0&nbsp;mm
| {{convert|0.50|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
|1997–2008
|- {{coin-silver-color}}
| $100
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:American Platinum Eagle 2007 Obv.jpg|82px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:American Platinum Eagle 2007 Rev.jpg|82px]]
|32.7&nbsp;mm
| {{convert|1.00|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
|1997 – present
|- {{coin-silver-color}}
| [[Palladium as an investment|Palladium]]
| [[American Palladium Eagle]]
| $25
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:2017 $25 Palladium obverse.jpg|82px]]
| bgcolor="#ffffff" align="center" | [[File:2017 $25 Palladium reverse.jpg|82px]]
| 32.7&nbsp;mm
| 999.5 fine
| {{convert|1.00|ozt|g|2|abbr=on}}
|2017 – present
|-
| colspan="9" |{{Standard coin table notice|standard_scale=Y}}
|}

===Commemorative coins===
Modern [[United States commemorative coin|commemoratives]] have been minted since 1982. A list is available [[Modern United States commemorative coins|here]].

{| class=wikitable
|+ Composition of US Modern Commemorative Coins
|-
! Type
! Total Weight
! Diameter
! Composition
! Face Value
! Precious Metal Content
|-{{coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan="2"|Half Dollar
| 11.34 g
| rowspan="2"| {{convert|30.61|mm|3|abbr=on}}
| [[Copper|Cu]] 92%, [[Nickel|Ni]] 8%
| rowspan="2"| 50¢
| none
|-{{coin-silver-color}}
| 12.50 g
| [[Silver|Ag]] 90%, Cu 10%
| silver 10.25374 g (~0.36169 ozt) 
|-{{coin-silver-color}}
| rowspan="2" | Dollar
| rowspan="2" | 26.73 g
| rowspan="2" | {{convert|38.1|mm|3|abbr=on}}
| Ag 90%, Cu 10%
| rowspan="2" | $1
| silver 24.057 g (~0.773 ozt)
|-{{coin-silver-color}}
| Ag 99.9%
| silver
|-{{coin-yellow-color}}
| Half Eagle
| 8.539 g
| {{convert|21.59|mm|3|abbr=on}}
| [[Gold|Au]] 90%, Ag 6%, Cu 4%
| $5
| gold 7.523 g (~0.2418 ozt)
|-{{coin-yellow-color}}
| Eagle
| 16.718 g
| {{convert|26.92|mm|3|abbr=on}}
| Au 90%, Ag 6%, Cu 4%
| rowspan="3" | $10
| gold 15.05 g (~0.484 ozt)
|-
| {{coin-yellow-color}} | [[Bi-metallic coin|Bi-metallic]] Eagle
| {{coin-yellow-color}} | 16.259 g
| {{coin-silver-color}} | {{convert|26.92|mm|3|abbr=on}}
| {{coin-silver-color}} | Au 48%, [[Platinum|Pt]] 48%, alloy 4%
| {{coin-yellow-color}} | gold, platinum
|-{{coin-yellow-color}}
| [[Presidential dollar coins#First Spouse program|First Spouse Gold Bullion]]
| 14.175 g
| {{convert|26.49|mm|3|abbr=on}}
| Au 99.99%
| gold 14.175 g (~0.456 ozt)
|}

== Mint marks ==
List of current and past [[United States Mint]] branches and mint marks found on their coins:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Mint
!Mint mark
!Metal minted
!Year established
!Current status
|-
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[Denver Mint|Denver]]
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| D
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| All metals
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| 1906
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| Facility open
|-
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[Philadelphia Mint|Philadelphia]]
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| P ''or'' ''none''{{refn| group = lower-alpha | The letter "P" is used for the Philadelphia mint mark on all coins (except cents) released from 1980 onward. Before this it had only been used on silver Jefferson nickels from 1942 to 1945.}}
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| All metals
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| 1792
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| Facility open
|-
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| [[San Francisco Mint|San Francisco]]
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| S
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| All metals
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| 1854
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| Facility open (mainly produces proof)
|-
|bgcolor="#ffffff"|[[West Point Mint|West Point]]
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| W ''or'' ''none''{{refn| group = lower-alpha | Between 1973 and 1986 there was no mint mark (these coins are indistinguishable from coins produced at the Philadelphia Mint from 1973 to 1980); after 1988 the letter "W" was used for coinage, except for the 2009 Ultra High Relief Double Eagle.}}
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| Gold, Silver, Platinum and Palladium
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| 1973
|bgcolor="#ffffff"| Facility open (mainly produces bullion)
|-
| [[Carson City Mint|Carson City]]
| CC
| Gold and Silver
| 1870
| Facility closed, 1893{{refn| group = lower-alpha | It is now the home of the [[Nevada State Museum, Carson City|Nevada State Museum]], which still strikes commemorative medallions with the "CC" mint mark (most recently in 2014 commemorating the Nevada Sesquicentennial), using the former mint's original coin press.}}
|-
| [[Charlotte Mint|Charlotte]]
| C
| Gold only
| 1838
| Facility closed, 1861
|-
| [[Dahlonega Mint|Dahlonega]]
| D{{refn| group = lower-alpha |  Although the mint mark "D" has been used by two separate mints, it is easy to distinguish between the two, as any 19th-century coinage is Dahlonega, and any 20th- or 21st-century coins are Denver.}}
| Gold only
| 1838
| Facility closed, 1861
|-
| [[Manila Mint|Manila]]{{refn| group = lower-alpha |  During the period in which this mint branch was operational, The Philippines was an [[Insular Government of the Philippine Islands|insular territory]] and then [[Commonwealth of the Philippines|commonwealth]] of the U.S.; it was the first (and to date only) U.S. branch mint located outside the Continental United States.}}
| M ''or'' ''none''{{refn| group = lower-alpha |  The letter "M" was used for the Manila mint mark on all coins released from 1925 onward; before this, it had produced its coins with no mintmark.}}
| All metals
| 1920
| Facility closed, 1922; re-opened 1925–1941
|-
| [[New Orleans Mint|New Orleans]]
| O
| Gold and Silver
| 1838
| Facility closed, 1861; re-opened 1879–1909{{efn|During the Civil War, this mint operated under the control of the State of Louisiana (February&nbsp;1861) and the Confederate States of America (March&nbsp;1861) until it ran out of bullion later in that year; some Half Dollars have been identified as being the issue of the State of Louisiana and the Confederacy.}}
|}

==Obsolete and canceled coins==
{{Main|Obsolete denominations of United States currency|Canceled denominations of United States currency}}{{See also|United States Mint coin sizes}}
* [[Half cent (United States coin)|Half cent]]: {{frac|2}}¢, 1793–1857
* [[Silver center cent]]: 1¢, 1792 (not circulated)
* [[Large cent]]: 1¢, 1793–1857
* [[Ring cent]]: 1¢, 1850–1851, 1853, 1884–1885 (not circulated)
* [[Two-cent billon]]: 2¢, 1836 (not circulated)
* [[Two-cent piece (United States coin)|Two-cent bronze]]: 2¢, 1863–1873
* [[Three-cent bronze]]: 3¢, 1863 (not circulated)
* [[Three-cent nickel]]: 3¢, 1865–1889
* [[Three-cent silver|Trime]] (''Three-cent silver''): 3¢, 1851–1873
* [[Half dime]]: 5¢, 1792–1873
* [[Twenty-cent piece (United States coin)|Twenty-cent piece]]: 20¢, 1875–1878
* [[Morgan dollar|Silver dollar]]: $1.00, [[Morgan dollar|1878–1904]], [[Peace dollar|1921-28, 1934-1935]]
* [[Gold dollar]]: $1.00, 1849–1889 (some early commemoratives were minted in this denomination)
* [[Quarter eagle]]: $2.50, 1792–1929 (some early commemoratives were minted in this denomination)
* [[Three-dollar piece]]: $3.00, 1854–1889
* [[Stella (United States coin)|Stella]]: $4.00, 1879–1880 (not circulated)
* [[Half eagle]]: $5.00, 1795–1929 (some modern commemoratives are minted in this denomination)
* [[Eagle (United States coin)|Eagle]]: $10.00, 1795–1933 (some modern commemoratives are minted in this denomination)
* [[Double eagle]]: $20.00, 1849–1933
* [[Half-union]]: $50.00, 1877 (not circulated, some early commemoratives were minted in this denomination)
* [[Union (United States coin)|Union]]: $100.00 (planned but not minted, some modern commemoratives are minted in this denomination)

The law governing obsolete, mutilated, and worn coins and currency, including types which are no longer in production (e.g. Indian cents), can be found in {{usc|31|5120}}.

'''Note:''' It is a common misconception that "eagle"-based nomenclature for gold U.S. coinage was merely slang. The "eagle," "half-eagle" and "quarter-eagle" were specifically given these names in the [[Coinage Act of 1792]]. Likewise, the double eagle was specifically created as such by name ("An Act to authorize the Coinage of Gold Dollars and Double Eagles", title and section 1, March 3, 1849).

==Mill coins==
Although the term [[Mill (currency)#United States|mill]] (also mil or mille) was defined in the eighteenth century as {{frac|1|1,000}} of a dollar or 0.1¢, no coin smaller than 0.5¢ has ever been officially minted in the U.S. However, [[token coin|unofficial mill coins]], also called "tenth cent" or "tax-help coins", made of diverse materials—plastic, wood, tin, and others—were produced as late as the 1960s by some states, localities, and private businesses for tax payments and to render change for small purchases.

==Legal protections==

The alteration or lightening of U.S. coins for fraudulent purposes is illegal.<ref>{{USC|18|331}}</ref> It is generally legal to melt down coins for the use of their constituent metals, but the Treasury Department has occasionally prohibited melting down and mass exportation when the value of the metal exceeds the face value of the coin. This has happened from 1967 to 1969 for silver coins, from 1974 to 1978 for pennies, and since 2006 for pennies and nickels.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usmint.gov/news/press-releases/20061214-united-states-mint-moves-to-limit-exportation-melting-of-coins |title=United States Mint Moves to Limit Exportation & Melting of Coins |access-date=2023-02-05 |archive-date=2018-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708091846/https://www.usmint.gov/news/press-releases/20061214-united-states-mint-moves-to-limit-exportation-melting-of-coins |url-status=live }}</ref> The use of [[elongated coin]] presses is considered legal because it is not for fraudulent purposes.

==See also==
{{Portal|Money|Numismatics|United States}}
* [[California gold coinage]]
* [[Federal Reserve Note]], for U.S. banknotes
* [[United States Mint coin sizes]]
* [[Penny debate in the United States]]
* [[United States commemorative coins]]
* [[United States coinage type set]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official|http://www.usmint.gov/}} of the [[United States Mint]]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=001/llsl001.db&recNum=371 Page of 1792 Mint and Coinage Act] (Describes the first completely regulated U.S. coinage system)
* "A Peculiar Stamp of Our Owne": The Massachusetts Mint and the Battle over Sovereignty" by Jonathan Barth[https://repository.asu.edu/attachments/139458/content/tneq_a_00396.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921022454/https://repository.asu.edu/attachments/139458/content/tneq_a_00396.pdf |date=2021-09-21 }}

{{Coinage (United States)}}
{{US currency and coinage}}
{{Money and central banking within the contemporary United States (pre–1913)}}
{{Obsolete United States currency and coinage}}
{{Canceled United States currency and coinage}}
{{Navboxes
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[[Category:Coins of the United States dollar| ]]

[[no:Amerikanske dollarmynter]]