View source for Crown Street Public School

<!-- Article title: Crown Street Public School SHRNo:562 DatabaseNo:5045582 -->
{{Use Australian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox school
| name                    = Crown Street Public School
| native_name             = 
| latin_name              = 
| logo                    = 
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| image                   = Surry Hills Crown Street Public School 1.JPG
| image_size              = 270
| caption                 = The [[sandstone]] [[facade]] of Crown Street Public School in 2007
| motto                   = Equity and Excellence in Education since 1849
| address                 =  356 [[Crown Street, Sydney|Crown Street]], [[Surry Hills]] 
| city                    = [[Sydney]]
| state                   = [[New South Wales]]
| county                  = Australia
| coordinates             = {{coord|-33.8823|151.2152|region:AU-NSW_type:edu|display=inline,title|format=dms}}<!-- {{Coord|LAT|LON|display=inline,title}} -->
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| pushpin_map             = Australia Sydney
| pushpin_image           = 
| pushpin_mapsize         = 270
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in [[Sydney]]
| pushpin_label           = 
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| schooltype              = [[Primary school]]
| fundingtype             = [[Government of New South Wales]]
| type                    = 
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| patron                  = 
| established             = 1863
| founded                 = 
| opened                  = 
| founder                 = 
| status                  = Open
| closed                  = 
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| educational_authority   = [[Department of Education (New South Wales)|NSW Department of Education]]
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| dean                    = 
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| director                = 
| principal               = Craig Nielsen
| campus_director         = 
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| lower_age               = <!-- or | age_range = -->
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| enrollment              = 283<!-- or | enrolment = or | students = or | pupils = -->
| enrollment_as_of        = 31 December 2018<ref>{{cite web |url=https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/doe-nsw-schools/annual-report/2017/3935/2017_Crown_Street_Public_School_Annual_Report.pdf |title=Annual Report 2017 |date=21 May 2018 |work=Crown Street Public School 3935 |publisher= |page=13 |access-date=21 October 2018 }}</ref><!-- or | enrolment_as_of = or | students_as_of = or | pupils_as_of = -->
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| website                 = {{URL|crownst-p.schools.nsw.gov.au}}<!-- {{URL|school.url}} or {{URL|1=school.url}} if the url contains an equals sign -->
| footnotes               = 
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{{Infobox building
| embed = yes
| architect = [[George Allen Mansfield]]
| architectural_style = [[Australian non-residential architectural styles#Victorian Free Gothic|Gothic Revival]]
}}
{{Infobox designation list
| embed = yes
| designation1 = New South Wales State Heritage Register
| designation1_offname = Crown Street Public School
| designation1_type = State heritage (built)
| designation1_date = 2 April 1999
| delisted1_date = 
| designation1_partof = 
| designation1_number = 562
| designation1_free1name =  Type
| designation1_free1value = School – State (public)
| designation1_free2name =  Category
| designation1_free2value = Education
| designation1_free3name = Builders
| designation1_free3value = {{bulleted list|A. Scott (masonry and brickwork)|Mackay and Son (carpentry and finishing)}}
}}
}}
The '''Crown Street Public School''' is a heritage-listed [[State school|public]] [[primary school]] located at [[Crown Street, Sydney|Crown Street]], [[Surry Hills]], [[Sydney]], [[New South Wales]], Australia. It was designed by [[George Allen Mansfield]] and built from in 1869 by A. Scott (masonry and brickwork), Mackay and Son (carpentry and finishing).

== History ==
The history of Crown Street Public School dates from April 1863, when a school known as Bourke Street National School<ref name=nswshr-562-562-1>Public School from 1867</ref> was opened in a building rented from the Bourke Street Congregational Church.<ref name=nswshr-562>{{cite NSW SHR|5045582|Crown Street Public School|hr=00562|fn=S91/01680/001& HC 87 2814|accessdate=13 October 2018}}</ref>

In March 1876 the secretary of the Bourke Street Public School Local Board applied to the Council of Education for additional furniture for the school. On this very ordinary request appears the notation that the Council directed the Inspector to find a suitable site on which to erect a new public school. In June 1876 the secretary for the Bourke Street Congregational Church asked for increased rent for the school premises. He also made it very clear that the Deacons believed it was time that a public school worthy of the neighbourhood was provided.<ref name=nswshr-562/>

The Council of Education decided to acquire a site from W. M. MacKenzie on which to erect a new school building, located directly behind the rented school building. The present site in [[Crown Street, Sydney|Crown Street]] was purchased in 1877.<ref name=nswshr-562/> Three temporary wooden buildings were erected on the new site and the school moved into these in March 1878. At the same time the name of the school was changed to Crown Street Public School.<ref name=nswshr-562/>

Enrolments grew rapidly and the temporary buildings were extremely uncomfortable and overcrowded. By May 1878, 1,035 children were enrolled and this had grown to 1,405 by the end of the year. By 1879 there were 1,608 children enrolled. During the winter three teachers found the over-crowding and draughty conditions so difficult that they asked for removal to another school. No action was taken, since the new building was expected to solve the school's problems.<ref name=nswshr-562/>

During 1879 a permanent building was begun, designed by the Council of Education architect, G. A. Mansfield to accommodate approximately 1,200 pupils. The tenders of Mr A. Scott for masonry and brickwork and Messrs Mackay and Son for carpentry and finishing trades were accepted in July 1878. The two storey permanent building was occupied in May 1880. The temporary buildings were moved to Surry Hills South, (later Bourke Street) Public School.<ref name=nswshr-562/>

In 1883 the headmaster, Mr Banks complained about an objectionable picture on the wall of a house adjoining the playground. There were various proposals as to how to reduce the objectionable character of the advertisement, and finally it was painted out at Departmental expense.<ref name=nswshr-562/>

Unfortunately the new accommodation was still insufficient and enrolments had to be limited. In 1890 new classrooms in a separate building on the northern boundary were erected. The enrolments in 1892 was 1,720 pupils.<ref name=nswshr-562/>

Many [[Jew|Jewish children]] attended Crown Street Public School and in 1896, the Headmaster Mr Banks wrote an account on the instructions given in the [[Judaism|Jewish religion]]. It stated that for the past sixteen years instruction on the Jewish religion had been carried out in the school. At the time of the account "two Hebrew teachers, specially employed by the Jewish persuasion, attend, attend for an hour each forenoon, and so arrange their classes that every Hebrew child receives two hours" instruction per week.'<ref name=nswshr-562/>

In 1897 a two-storey building containing two classrooms on the first floor and weather sheds underneath was erected towards the rear of the site. This building was enlarged so as to produce an infants school of eight classrooms in 1911. Substantial interior remodelling of the main building, discussed since 1906, was finally carried out in 1924 and a new manual training building near the southern building was also erected.<ref name=nswshr-562/>

Secondary education was available at Crown Street from 1881 to 1960. The school was made a Superior Public School from 1881, and from 1913 to 1947 the school had a boys commercial secondary department and a girls domestic science department form 1913 to 1928. From 1929 to 1960 a girls intermediate high school operated.<ref name=nswshr-562/><ref>Department of School Education Files</ref>

== Description ==
A large two-storey school building in [[Australian non-residential architectural styles#Victorian Free Gothic|Gothic Revival]] style. The walls are face brick on [[sandstone]] [[Foundation (engineering)|foundations]] and featuring stone dressing around windows and sills, [[cornice]]s and finely detailed [[parapet]] cappings. The walls contain excellent brick detailing. The plan is asymmetrical. The dominant feature is a centrally placed three storey tower roofed with a fine metal roofed [[spire]]. The roof over the main building is steeply pitched in a form similar to a [[mansard roof]] and is sheeted with [[Corrugated galvanised iron|corrugated metal]].<ref name=nswshr-562/>

The building is dramatically sited on a small hill above Crown Street and in the grounds is a small cenotaph in the Anzac tradition dedicated to the former school pupils. A series of stone terraces and steps connects this to the street entrances marked by well crafted stone and iron fences.<ref name=nswshr-562-562-2>Sheedy 1977</ref><ref name=nswshr-562/>

=== Condition ===

As at 1 October 1997, the physical condition is good. Archaeological potential is medium.<ref name=nswshr-562/>

=== Modifications and dates ===
*1869 – Built
*1897 – additions<ref name=nswshr-562/>

== Heritage listing ==
As at 1 October 1997, Crown Street Public School is a major part of Surry Hills' early development as a city workers' housing estate. The school buildings reflect the rapid growth of [[Darlinghurst]] and Surry Hills as residential area in the 1860s to 1880s. It is a large Victorian public school building of excellent architectural quality and siting which provides much interest to the townscape of Crown Street and as a focus for other 19th century buildings in the area.<ref name=nswshr-562-562-2/><ref name=nswshr-562/>

Crown Street Public School was listed on the [[New South Wales State Heritage Register]] on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.<ref name=nswshr-562/>

'''The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.'''

It is a major part of Surry Hills' early development as a city workers' housing estate. The school buildings reflect the rapid growth of Darlinghurst and Surry Hills as residential area in the 1860s to 1880s.<ref name=nswshr-562-562-2/><ref name=nswshr-562/>

'''The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.'''

It is a large Victorian public school building of excellent architectural quality and siting which provides much interest to the townscape of Crown Street and as a focus for other 19th century buildings in the area.<ref name=nswshr-562-562-2/><ref name=nswshr-562/>

== Notable people ==
Notable people associated with the school include:
* [[Eric Harrison]], student – Australian politician and diplomat
* [[T. Jones|Tas Jones]], student – swimmer, diver, rugby union player, rugby league player
* [[Victor Trumper]], student – Australian cricketer

== See also ==
{{Portal|Education}}
*[[: Category:Public primary schools in Sydney|List of public schools in Sydney]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
* {{cite book|last=Sheedy|first=D.|date=1977|title=National Trust Classification Card - Crown Street Public School}}
* {{cite book|author=Various|date=|title=Department of School Education Files}}

=== Attribution ===
{{NSW-SHR-CC|name=Crown Street Public School|dno=5045582|id=562|year=2018|accessdate=13 October 2018}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline|Crown Street Public School}}

[[Category:New South Wales State Heritage Register sites located in Surry Hills]]
[[Category:Public primary schools in Sydney]]
[[Category:Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register]]
[[Category:Gothic Revival architecture in Sydney]]
[[Category:1863 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1863]]
[[Category:School buildings completed in 1863]]
[[Category:Sandstone buildings in Australia]]
[[Category:George Allen Mansfield buildings]]