View source for Front of Patriotic and National Parties

{{Infobox War Faction
| name             = '''Front of Patriotic and National Parties''' <br> جبهة الأحزاب الوطنية والقومية
| war              = [[Lebanese Civil War]] (1975-1990)
| image            = 
| caption          = '''Front of Patriotic and National Parties logo (1976-1982)'''.
| active           = 1976 – 1982
| leaders          = [[Musa al-Sadr]], [[Kamal Shatila]]
| clans            = [[File:Flag of the Amal Movement.svg|22px|border]] [[Lebanese Resistance Regiments|Amal Movement]]<br />
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party.svg}} [[Syrian Social Nationalist Party in Lebanon|SSNP]] (pro-Syrian faction)<br /> {{flagicon image|Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg}} [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Lebanon Region]] (pro-Syrian faction)<br/>[[Union of Working People's Forces]] (UWPF)<br/>[[Razkari Party]]
| headquarters     = [[Beirut]]
| areas            = [[Beirut]], [[Beqaa valley]], [[Southern Lebanon]]
| size             = 
| predecessor      = 
| allies           = {{flagicon|Syria}} [[Syrian Army]]
| opponents        = [[File:Forces Libanaises Flag.svg|22px|border]] [[Lebanese Front]]<br>{{flagicon|Lebanon}} [[Lebanese National Movement]] (LNM)<br>{{flagicon|Palestine}} [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO)<br>{{flagicon|Lebanon}} [[Lebanese Armed Forces]] (LAF)<br>{{flagicon|Israel}} [[Israel Defense Forces]] (IDF)
}}

The '''Front of Patriotic and National Parties – FPNP''' ([[Arabic]]: جبهة الأحزاب الوطنية والقومية | ''Jabhat al-Ahzab al-Wataniyya wal-Qawmiyya'') was a Syrian-backed coalition of Lebanese Political parties and militias formed in the late 1970s.

==Origins==
It was formed in late March 1976 at [[Beirut|West Beirut]] by breakaway sections of the [[Lebanese National Movement]] (LNM), which included the pro-Syrian factions of the [[Syrian Social Nationalist Party in Lebanon]] (SSNP) and the [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Lebanon Region]], the [[Shia Islam in Lebanon|Shia]] [[Lebanese Resistance Regiments|Amal Movement]] led by [[Musa al-Sadr]], [[Kamal Shatila]]'s [[Union of Working People's Forces]] (UWPF)<ref>Bitterlin, ''La flamme et le soufre'' (1988), p. 139.</ref><ref>Rabinovich, ''The War for Lebanon, 1970-1985'' (1989), pp. 82–83.</ref> and the [[Kurds in Lebanon|Kurdish]] [[Razkari Party]]. The FPNP supported the [[Syrian intervention in the Lebanese Civil War|June 1976 Syrian intervention in Lebanon]].<ref>Bitterlin, ''La flamme et le soufre'' (1988), p. 139.</ref><ref>Rabinovich, ''The War for Lebanon, 1970-1985'' (1989), pp. 82–83.</ref>

==Decline and demise==
The alliance lasted until mid-1982, when it collapsed together with their LNM rival in the wake of the [[1982 Lebanon War|Israeli invasion of Lebanon]].

==See also==
* [[Lebanese Civil War]]
* [[Lebanese National Movement]]
* [[Lebanese National Salvation Front]]
* [[Jammoul]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|30em}}

==References==
{{refbegin|30em}}
*[[Edgar O'Ballance]], ''Civil War in Lebanon, 1975-92'', Palgrave Macmillan, London 1998. {{ISBN|0-333-72975-7}}
* Rex Brynen, ''Sanctuary and Survival: the PLO in Lebanon'', Boulder: Westview Press, Oxford 1990. {{ISBN|0 86187 123 5}} – [https://prrn.mcgill.ca/research/papers/brynen2.htm]
* [[Itamar Rabinovich]], ''The war for Lebanon, 1970-1985'', Cornell University Press, Ithaca and London 1989 (revised edition). {{ISBN|978-0-8014-9313-3}}, 0-8014-9313-7 – [https://books.google.com/books?id=Af-tDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA83]
*Lucien Bitterlin, ''La flamme et le soufre'', VegaPress, 1988. {{ISBN|9782906480049}} (in [[French language|French]]) – [https://books.google.com/books?id=qoULAAAAIAAJ]
* Naomi Joy Weinberger, ''Syrian Intervention in Lebanon: The 1975-76 Civil War'', Oxford University Press, Oxford 1986. {{ISBN|978-0195040104}}, 0195040104
{{refend}}

==External links==
*[https://histoiredelarmeelibanaise.wordpress.com/2012/06/17/chamussy-rene-chronique-dune-guerre-le-liban-1975-1977-ed-desclee-1978/ Chamussy (René) – Chronique d'une guerre: Le Liban 1975-1977 – éd. Desclée – 1978] (in [[French language|French]])

{{DEFAULTSORT:Front Of Patriotic And National Parties}}
[[Category:Arab militant groups]]
[[Category:Defunct political party alliances in Lebanon]]
[[Category:Factions in the Lebanese Civil War]]
[[Category:Israeli–Lebanese conflict]]
[[Category:Organizations associated with the Ba'ath Party]]