View source for HMS Warrior (1917)

{{Short description|Steam yacht and Royal Navy armed yacht}}
{{other ships|HMS Warrior}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2017}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}} 
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image= Warrior Vanderbilt yacht.jpg
|Ship caption= ''Warrior'' in 1910
}} 
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header= 
|Ship name= *1904: ''Warrior''
*1914: ''Wayfarer''
*1915: ''Warrior''
*1920: ''Goizeko-Izarra''
*1937: ''Warrior''
*1939: ''Warrior II''
|Ship namesake= 1920: [[Basque language|Basque]] for "[[Venus|Morning Star]]"
|Ship owner= *1904: [[Frederick William Vanderbilt|Frederick W Vanderbilt]]
*1914: [[Harry Payne Whitney|HP Whitney]] (possibly)
*1914: [[Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt|Alfred G Vanderbilt]]
*1916: [[Alexander Smith Cochran]]
*1920: [[Ramon de la Sota]] y Llano
*1936: Executors of R de la Sota
*1937: Rex Morley Hoyes
*1940: [[Marwell Zoo|Marwell Shipping Co]]
|Ship operator= *1914: [[Harry Payne Whitney]]
*1917: {{flagicon|UK|naval}} [[Royal Navy]]
*1939: {{flagicon|UK|naval}} Royal Navy
|Ship registry= *1904: {{flagicon|US|1896}} [[Port of New York and New Jersey|New York]]
*1920: {{flagicon|Spain|civil-1785}} [[Port of Bilbao|Bilbao]]
*1937: {{flagicon|UK|civil}} [[Port of Southampton|Southampton]]
|Ship route= 
|Ship ordered= 
|Ship builder= [[Ailsa Shipbuilding Company|Ailsa Shipbuilding Co]], [[Troon]]
|Ship original cost= about $400,000 to $500,000
|Ship yard number= 121
|Ship laid down= 
|Ship launched= 4 February 1904
|Ship completed= 
|Ship acquired= 
|Ship maiden voyage= 
|Ship refit= 
|Ship identification= *by 1909: [[code letters]] KVHJ
*{{ICS|Kilo}}{{ICS|Victor}}{{ICS|Hotel}}{{ICS|Juliet}}
*1913: [[Maritime call sign|call sign]] KYW
*1915: call sign WEZ
*1917: [[pennant number]] 090
*1937: UK [[official number]] 115052
*1937: call sign GZZZ
*{{ICS|Golf}}{{ICS|Zulu}}{{ICS|Zulu}}{{ICS|Zulu}}
|Ship fate= Sunk by air attack, 1940
|Ship notes= 
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship type= [[steam yacht]]
|Ship tonnage= *1905: {{GRT|1098}}, {{NRT|396}}
*1938: {{GRT|1124}}, {{NRT|530}}
|Ship displacement= 
|Ship length= *{{cvt|255.3|ft|abbr=on}} [[Length overall|overall]]
*{{cvt|238.3|ft|abbr=on}} [[Length between perpendiculars|p/p]]
|Ship beam= {{cvt|32.7|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught= {{cvt|6|ft|0|in|abbr=on|2}}
|Ship depth= {{cvt|18.1|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship decks= 2
|Ship power= 314 [[Horsepower#Nominal horsepower|NHP]] or 2,700 [[Horsepower#Indicated horsepower|ihp]]
|Ship propulsion= *2 × [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|triple-expansion engines]]
*2 × [[Propeller|screws]]
|Ship speed= {{convert|15.7|kn|km/h|0}} ([[sea trial]])
|Ship capacity= 
|Ship crew= *1904: 40 or 45
*1914: 48
|Ship armament= 1917: 2 × [[12-pounder gun]]s
|Ship sensors= by 1911: [[Submarine signals|submarine signalling]]
|Ship notes= 
}}
|}

'''HMS ''Warrior''''' was a steel-hulled [[steam yacht]] that was launched in [[Scotland]] in 1904. Her first owner was [[Frederick William Vanderbilt]]. One of his cousins, [[Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt]], owned her for a few months before he was killed in the [[Sinking of the RMS Lusitania|sinking of RMS ''Lusitania'']]. She passed through several owners. She was renamed '''''Wayfarer''''' in 1914, ''Warrior'' again in 1915, '''''Goizeko-Izarra''''' in 1920, ''Warrior'' again in 1937, and '''''Warrior II''''' in 1939. She was [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] into the [[Royal Navy]] in both world wars, and evacuated [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Republican]] child refugees in the [[Spanish Civil War]].

In February 1917, ''Warrior'' was commissioned as an [[armed yacht]]. She patrolled from [[Bermuda]] to the [[Caribbean Sea|Caribbean]] until January 1918. In March 1918 she became the [[flagship]] of the Commander-in-Chief, [[North America and West Indies Station]]. From April 1918 to January 1919 she was moored in [[Washington, D.C.]], where she hosted [[High society|social]] events to support [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|UK]] – [[United States|US]] diplomatic and naval relations.

In the [[World War II|Second World War]] the yacht was converted for [[anti-submarine warfare]], and recommissioned as HMS ''Warrior II''. A German air attack sank her in the [[English Channel]] in July 1940. Her remains attract recreational [[Wreck diving|wreck divers]].

==Building==
George L Watson designed the yacht;<ref name=Tribune-1914-0128>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilt yacht guests rescued |newspaper=[[New-York Tribune|New York Tribune]] |date=28 January 1914 |page=1 |via=[[Chronicling America]] |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1914-01-28/ed-1/seq-1/}}</ref> the [[Ailsa Shipbuilding Company]] of [[Troon]] built her as yard number 121;<ref name=SBS>{{cite web |title=Warrior |work=Scottish Built Ships |publisher=Caledonian Maritime Research Trust |url= https://www.clydeships.co.uk/view.php?&ref=623 |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref> and she was launched on 4 February 1904 as ''Warrior''.<ref name=World-1904-0204>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilt's new yacht launched |newspaper=[[The Evening World|The World]] |place=New York |date=4 February 1904 |page=3 |via=[[Chronicling America]] |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/1904-02-04/ed-1/seq-3/}}</ref> Her lengths were {{cvt|255.3|ft|abbr=on}} [[Length overall|overall]] and {{cvt|238.3|ft|abbr=on}} [[Length between perpendiculars|between perpendiculars]]. Her [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] was {{cvt|32.7|ft|abbr=on}} and her depth was {{cvt|18.1|ft|abbr=on}}. Her [[tonnage]]s were {{GRT|1098}} and {{NRT|396}}.{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1905|loc=WAS}}

''Warrior'' had twin [[Propeller|screws]], each driven by a four-cylinder [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|triple-expansion engine]] built by [[A. & J. Inglis]] of [[Glasgow]].{{sfn|''Yacht Register'' 1904|loc=WAR}} The combined power of her twin engines was rated at 314 [[Horsepower#Nominal horsepower|NHP]]{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1905|loc=WAS}} or 2,700 [[Horsepower#Indicated horsepower|ihp]].<ref name=World-1904-0204/> The yacht carried two lifeboats {{convert|26|ft|0}} long; another lifeboat aft; a [[Steamboat|steam launch]]; a [[Motorboat|motor launch]]; a [[Gig (boat)|gig]] {{convert|24|ft}} long; and a dinghy {{convert|18|ft}} long.<ref name=Sun-1904-06-26>{{cite news |title=F. W. Vanderbilt's Warrior. |newspaper=[[The Sun (New York City)|The Sun]] |place=New York |date=26 June 1904 |page=12 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1904-06-26/ed-1/seq-24/}}</ref>

''Warrior'' was built for Frederick William Vanderbilt, who reportedly paid about £100,000 for her (or $400,000 to $500,000 in US Dollars).<ref name=Sun-1904-04-10>{{cite news |title=Palatial home afloat. |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=10 April 1904 |page=5 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1904-04-10/ed-1/seq-5/}}</ref><ref name=Sun-1914-11-29>{{cite news |title=AG Vanderbilt now owns the Warrior. |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=29 November 1915 |page=18 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1914-11-29/ed-1/seq-18/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=F. W. Vanderbilt, capitalist, dies |newspaper=[[The Washington Star|The Evening Star]] |place=Washington, DC |date=29 June 1938 |page=B–9 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1938-06-29/ed-1/seq-27/}}</ref> In March 1894 he and [[Louise Vanderbilt|Mrs FW Vanderbilt]] sailed to Britain to inspect her.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mr and Mrs Vanderbilt Cross Ocean to See Their New Yacht. |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=25 March 1904 |page=10 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1904-03-25/ed-1/seq-10/}}</ref> On her [[sea trial]]s in May, ''Warrior'' achieved {{convert|15.7|kn|km/h|0}}.<ref>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilt's Yacht Warrior Shows Speed In Trial. |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=20 May 1904 |page=10 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1904-05-20/ed-1/seq-10/}}</ref>

A [[Paris]]ian firm decorated and furnished the yacht's interior in [[Historicism (art)|historicist]] French styles. The dining saloon was panelled in Spanish [[Juglans#Wood|walnut]], and furnished in [[Louis XV style]]. Adjoining it was Mrs Vanderbilt's [[boudoir]], which had a [[piano]]. There was a [[drawing room]] in [[Louis XIV style]]. Mr Vanderbilt's cabin was aft of the [[engine room]], and decorated in [[Louis XVI style]]. There were six guest cabins, plus cabins for a [[Physician|medical doctor]], a [[Personal assistant|personal secretary]], and a [[maid]].<ref name=Sun-1904-06-26/> She carried a crew of about 40 or 45,<ref name=Sun-1904-04-10/><ref>{{cite news |title=Men who own many yachts. |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=14 August 1904 |page=Section 2, page 7 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1904-08-14/ed-1/seq-17/}}</ref> and accommodation for officers and crew was in the forward part of the yacht. She was painted white, and her [[Bow (watercraft)|bow]] was decorated with a [[Figurehead (object)|figurehead]] of "a warrior with drawn sword held at an aggressive angle".<ref name=Sun-1904-06-26/>

==''Warrior''==
[[File:FWVanderbilt PaintedbyRaymondNeilson.JPG|thumb|upright|Portrait of [[Frederick William Vanderbilt|Frederick W Vanderbilt]] by [[Raymond P. R. Neilson]] ]]
In June 1904 Mr and Mrs Vanderbilt took ''Warrior'' for a cruise in European waters,<ref name=Sun-1904-06-26/> reportedly including Norway.<ref name=Sun-1904-04-10/> She was [[Ship registration|registered]] at [[Port of New York and New Jersey|New York]],{{sfn|''Yacht Register'' 1904|loc=WAR}} and by 1909 her [[code letters]] were KVHJ.{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1909|loc=WAN}} She was equipped with [[Submarine signals|submarine signalling]] by 1911, and [[wireless telegraphy]] by 1912.{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1911|loc=WAS}}{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1912|loc=WAN}} By 1913 her wireless [[Maritime call sign|call sign]] was KYW.{{sfn|The Marconi Press Agency Ltd|1913|p=283}}

According to ''[[The Washington Times (1894–1939)|The Washington Times]]'', ''Warrior'' was the setting for several [[high society]] courtships. Albert Zabriskie Gray and Marian Anthon Fish, a daughter of [[Stuyvesant Fish]], were guests of Mrs FW Vanderbilt aboard ''Warrior'' on a cruise up the [[St. Lawrence River]], and announced their engagement shortly afterward. Count [[László Széchenyi]] courted [[Gladys Vanderbilt Széchenyi|Gladys Vanderbilt]] aboard the yacht, and they couple were married in 1908. William Laimbeer courted [[Nathalie Schenck Laimbeer|Nathalie Schenck Collins]] aboard ''Warrior'', and they were married in 1909.<ref name=TWT-1918-12-01>{{cite news |title=Newest Surprising Romance of the Vanderbilt "Honeymoon Yacht" |newspaper=[[The Washington Times (1894–1939)|The Washington Times]] |date=1 December 1918 |page=27 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026749/1918-12-01/ed-1/seq-27/}}</ref>

==1914 grounding==
[[File:Duke Manchester LCCN2014685981.jpg|thumb|[[William Montagu, 9th Duke of Manchester]] ]]
On 23 December 1913, ''Warrior'' left New York for a cruise.<ref name=NYT-1914-0128>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilt yacht ashore; party safe |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=28 January 1914 |page=1 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/01/28/101914447.html?pageNumber=1}}</ref> She carried a crew of 48; plus Mr and Mrs FW Vanderbilt; guests including the [[William Montagu, 9th Duke of Manchester|Duke and Duchess of Manchester]] and [[Arthur Keith-Falconer, 10th Earl of Kintore|Lord Falconer]]; and servants of the Vanderbilts and their guests.<ref name=NYT-1914-0208>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilts here; yacht a wreck |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=8 February 1914 |page=3 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/02/08/100298851.html?pageNumber=3}}</ref> ''Warrior'' called at [[Port of Charleston|Charleston]]; [[Port of Palm Beach|Palm Beach]]; and Bermuda; and then crossed the Caribbean to the [[Colombia]]n coast.<ref name=Tribune-1914-0128/>

At 05:00 hrs 26 January 1914 ''Warrior'' was in passage from [[Curaçao]] to [[Colón, Panama|Colón]] when she grounded on a sand or mud bank in a heavy sea off Cape Aguatia, near the mouth of the [[Magdalena River]], three miles northwest of the Rio Magdalena lighthouse.<ref name=NYT-1914-0208/><ref name=NYT-1914-0130>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilts land; aid sent to crew |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=30 January 1914 |page=1 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/01/30/101915337.html?pageNumber=1}}</ref>

''Warrior'' transmitted a wireless [[distress signal]], which the [[Marconi Company]] wireless station at [[Santa Marta]] received. the Norwegian steamship ''Frutera'', under [[Chartering (shipping)|charter]] to the [[United Fruit Company]], was at anchor in Santa Marta harbour. She was sent to ''Warrior'', and arrived at about 17:00 hrs on 26 January. The sea was too rough to lower lifeboats, so ''Frutera'' stood by overnight. The Tropical Fruit Company steamship ''Almirante'', also under charter to United Fruit, was in Santa Marta loading cargo. She hurriedly completed loading, and then at 23:30 hrs left port to join ''Frutera''. ''Almirante'' arrived at about 03:10 hrs on 27 January, by which time the storm had abated slightly.<ref name=NYT-1914-0208/><ref name=NYT-1914-0130/>

''Frutera'' and ''Almirante'' each lowered a lifeboat to try to reach ''Warrior''. The heavy sea capsized ''Frutera''{{'}}s boat, but the crew of ''Almirante''{{'}}s boat rescued them all. At about 10:00 hrs ''Almirante'' again sent a lifeboat, which this time succeeded in reaching ''Warrior'' and rescuing all her passengers. The yacht's crew chose to remain aboard ''Warrior'' to await the arrival of a [[salvage tug]] from [[Kingston, Jamaica]]. ''Almirante'' continued to stand by, and the tug arrived about 18:00 hrs on 29 January, but by then the wind and sea were too heavy to allow a line to be thrown aboard ''Warrior''. ''Almirante'', having perishable cargo aboard, resumed her voyage on 31 January, leaving the [[Merritt-Chapman & Scott|Merritt and Chapman]] salvage tug {{USS|Relief|ID-2170|2}} to continue to stand by ''Warrior''.<ref name=NYT-1914-0208/><ref name=NYT-1914-0130/>

[[File:U.F.C. S.S. Metapan, steam ship (3608380048).jpg|thumb|Tropical Fruit Company steamship ''Metapan'']]
''Almirante'' sailed via Colón and Kingston to New York, where she arrived on 6 February.<ref name=NYT-1914-0208/> Also by 6 February, all but ten of ''Warrior''{{'}}s crew had been rescued, and were aboard the Tropical Fruit Company steamship ''Metapan'', which would bring them back to the US.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bringing Warrior's crew. |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=7 February 1914 |page=4 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/02/07/100298559.html?pageNumber=4}}</ref><ref name=NYT-1914-0211>{{cite news |title=Warrior driven ashore. |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=11 February 1914 |page=11 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/02/11/100299759.html?pageNumber=11}}</ref>

By 10 February a hurricane had driven ''Warrior'' further ashore, and had also damaged the tug ''Relief''. The tug's {{'}}s [[windlass]] was smashed, and she lost both of her anchors, so she went to [[Barranquilla|Savanilla]] for repairs.<ref name=NYT-1914-0211/> By 13 February another seven members of the yacht's crew had abandoned ship, leaving only the [[Sea captain|captain]] and two crewmen aboard ''Warrior''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Abandon yacht Warrior. |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=14 February 1914 |page=1 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/02/14/101430746.html?pageNumber=1}}</ref> The seven reached New York on 23 February aboard the [[Hamburg America Line]] steamship ''Albingia''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilt sailors here. |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=24 February 1914 |page=5 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/02/24/101916778.html?pageNumber=5}}</ref>

[[File:MerrittChapman SalvageTug Relief 1907.jpg|thumb|[[Merritt-Chapman & Scott|Merritt & Chapman]] [[salvage tug]] {{USS|Relief|ID-2170|2}}]]
On 11 March it was reported that ''Relief'' had hauled ''Warrior'' half a mile off the mud bank, but a hurricane arrived, forced the tug to let the yacht go, and drove the yacht back onto the mud.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Warrior undamaged. |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=12 March 1914 |page=5 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/03/12/101917688.html?pageNumber=5}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Warrior will be saved |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=12 March 1914 |page=1 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1914-03-12/ed-1/seq-1/}}</ref> On 9 April ''Relief'' reached Kingston with ''Warrior'' in tow, and only slightly damaged.<ref>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilt yacht saved |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=10 April 1914 |page=1 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1914-04-10/ed-1/seq-1/}}</ref> ''Relief'' then towed ''Warrior'' to New York, leaving Kingston on 14 April, and reaching New York on 21 April.<ref>{{cite news |title=Warrior returning in tow |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=15 April 1914 |page=3 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1914-04-15/ed-1/seq-3/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilt yacht towed here |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=22 April 1914 |page=6 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1914-04-22/ed-1/seq-6/}}</ref>

==''Wayfarer''==
Because of the accident to ''Warrior'', FW Vanderbilt gave up yachting for a while. By 19 May 1914, the [[Horse breeding|horse breeder]] [[Harry Payne Whitney]] was reported to have bought ''Warrior'' for about $100,000.<ref name=Sun-1914-11-29/><ref>{{cite news |title=Buys Vanderbilt yacht. |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=20 May 1914 |page=13 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/05/20/100089863.html?pageNumber=13}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Society leaving for country and Europe |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=24 May 1914 |page=59 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1914-05-24/ed-1/seq-59/}}</ref> Whitney was married to [[Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney|Gertrude Vanderbilt]], a cousin of FW Vanderbilt. Mr and Mrs Whitney used ''Warrior'' to sail between [[Newport, Rhode Island]] and New York, and to entertain guests.<ref>{{cite news |title=Newport colonists see cup candidates |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=9 July 1914 |page=9 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1914-07-09/ed-1/seq-9/}}</ref> However, in 1916 it was reported that Whitney had only [[Chartering (shipping)|chartered]] ''Warrior'' from her [[Underwriting|underwriters]], to whom FW Vanderbilt had turned her over.<ref name=Sun-1916-0416>{{cite news |title=Russia purchases big steam yacht |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=16 April 1916 |page=19 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1916-04-16/ed-1/seq-19/}}</ref>

[[File:Alfred Vanderbilt..JPG|thumb|upright|[[Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt]] ]]
By 29 November 1914 Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt, a brother of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, had acquired ''Warrior''. He renamed her ''Wayfarer'',<ref name=Sun-1914-11-29/>{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1915|loc=WAW}} which was the same name as his private [[railroad car]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilt races death |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=22 December 1914 |page=1 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1914-12-22/ed-1/seq-1/}}</ref> AG Vanderbilt had ''Wayfarer'' fitted out with a nursery for his younger children. On 30 January 1915, the family left New York aboard the yacht for a cruise to [[Port of Los Angeles|Los Angeles]] via the [[Panama Canal]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Vanderbilts off for cruise |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=30 January 1915 |page=7 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1915-01-30/ed-1/seq-7/}}</ref> which had opened only a few months previously. By 25 March, AG Vanderbilt was aboard ''Wayfarer'' in [[Havana]], [[Republic of Cuba (1902–1959)|Cuba]], to see the World [[Heavyweight]] boxing championship fight between [[Jess Willard]] and [[Jack Johnson (boxer)|Jack Johnson]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Johnson ready for his battle with Willard |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=25 March 1915 |page=11 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1915-03-25/ed-1/seq-11/}}</ref> Also by 1915, ''Wayfarer''{{'}}s wireless call sign had been changed to WEZ.{{sfn|United States Department of Commerce|1915|p=105}}

On 7 May 1915, AG Vanderbilt was killed in the [[Sinking of the RMS Lusitania|sinking of RMS ''Lusitania'']]. By 16 April 1916, [[Alexander Smith Cochran]] had bought the yacht from AG Vanderbilt's estate, and restored her name to ''Warrior''.<ref name=Sun-1916-0416/> On 19 July 1916 she ran aground in fog on Race Rock, on the west side of [[Fishers Island, New York]].<ref>{{cite news |title=New London |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=23 July 1916 |page=3 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1916-07-23/ed-1/seq-21/}}</ref> The TA Scott salvage company of [[New London, Connecticut]] received her wireless distress signal, and sent salvage tugs and [[Lighter (barge)|lighters]] to assist. ''Warrior'' was refloated at high tide, and reached New London under her own steam.<ref>{{cite news |title=Warrior goes aground. |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=20 July 1916 |page=11 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1916/07/20/104682353.html?pageNumber=11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cochran's yacht ashore off L. I. |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=20 July 1916 |page=9 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1916-07-20/ed-1/seq-9/}}</ref> She underwent temporary repairs to her bow at [[Riverside, Connecticut]], where she left on 21 July to return to Brooklyn under her own power to undergo permanent repairs.<ref>{{cite news |title=Movements of yachts. |newspaper=The Sun and [[New York Press (historical)|New York Press]] |place=New York |date=22 July 1916 |page=5 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030430/1916-07-22/ed-1/seq-5/}}</ref> In December 1916, Cochran arrived in [[Port of San Francisco|San Francisco]] aboard ''Warrior'', having sailed via the Panama Canal.<ref>{{cite news |title=Eastern polo stars to play on coast |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=28 December 1916 |page=12 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030431/1916-12-28/ed-1/seq-12/}}</ref>

==HMS ''Warrior''==
[[File:Vice-admiral Sir William Lowther Grant, Kcb Art.IWMART1740.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Vice-admiral (Royal Navy)|Vice-Admiral]] [[William Lowther Grant|William Grant]] ]]
By 22 February 1917 the United Kingdom [[Admiralty (United Kingdom)|Admiralty]] was reported to have bought ''Warrior'' at Kingston, Jamaica.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cochrane yacht a warship |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=23 February 1917 |page=1 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030431/1917-02-23/ed-1/seq-1/}}</ref> However, Royal Navy records list her among "hired yachts", which suggests that she was chartered rather than bought.<ref>{{cite web |title=Auxiliary Patrol Vessels, Part 1, Yachts to Trawlers |publisher=Naval-History.net |url= https://www.naval-history.net/WW1NavyBritishShips-Dittmar4AP.htm |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref> After the war, the ''[[New-York Tribune|New York Tribune]]'' reported that Cochran had "presented" ''Warrior'' to the UK government, and that he had been commissioned into the Royal Navy to command her.<ref>{{cite news |title=AS Cochran, City's Richest Bachelor, Weds Polish Diva |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=19 September 1920 |page=17 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1920-09-19/ed-1/seq-17/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Two Engagements of International Interest Announced |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=26 September 1920 |page=Part VI, page 1 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1920-09-26/ed-1/seq-43/}}</ref>

She was armed with two [[12-pounder gun]]s, and commissioned as HMS ''Warrior'', with the [[pennant number]] 090.<ref name=Olmstead>{{cite web |editor-last=Olmstead |editor-first=Jeff |title=HMS Warrior (2) – July to August 1917, January to December 1918, North America and West Indies Station, including 9 months at Washington DC during flu epidemic |publisher=Naval-History.net |url= https://www.naval-history.net/OWShips-WW1-33-HMS_Warrior.htm |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref>

By 1 July 1917, ''Warrior'' was in Bermuda. From there she patrolled to Kingston, [[Saint Lucia]], [[Saint Kitts]], [[Antigua]], [[Barbados]], [[Trinidad]], [[Grenada]], [[Dominica]], and [[Belize]]; arriving back at Bermuda on 23 January 1918. In 1918, [[Vice-admiral (Royal Navy)|Vice-Admiral]] [[William Lowther Grant|William Grant]] was appointed Commander-in-Chief, [[North America and West Indies Station]]. On 16 February he raised his flag aboard ''Warrior'', making her his flagship. She left Bermuda that day, and arrived in [[Port of Halifax|Halifax]], [[Nova Scotia]] on 20 February.> ''Warrior'' left Halifax on 23 March, and arrived in Washington, DC on 28 March.<ref name=Olmstead/>

On 30 May 1918, ''Warrior'', the tug [[USS Choctaw (1898)|USS ''Wicomico'']], and a [[United States Navy]] [[floatplane]] took part in a ceremony for Decoration Day (now [[Memorial Day]]) honouring those who had died at sea during the war, and particularly in the sinking of RMS ''Lusitania'' and [[troopship]] {{SS|Tuscania|1914|2}}. The film actress [[Rita Jolivet]], who survived the sinking of the Lusitania, took part. Wreaths, including ones from First Lady [[Edith Wilson]], and from [[Cunard Line]], were laid from ''Warrior'' and ''Wicomico'' at the confluence of the [[Anacostia River|Anacostia]] and Potomac rivers. The floatplane flew low and dropped flowers onto the river. A pastor offered brayers from the [[Aqueduct Bridge (Potomac River)|Aqueduct Bridge]], as [[United States Marines]] on the bridge formed a [[guard of honour]].<ref>{{cite news |title=River flower strewn for the dead at sea |newspaper=The Evening Star |place=Washington, DC |date=30 May 1918 |page=2 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1918-05-30/ed-1/seq-2/}}</ref>

On 16 September 1918, ''Warrior''{{'}}s [[Second engineer|Second Engineer]] died of [[intestinal ischemia|mesenteric venous thrombosis]]. He was buried on 19 September in [[Arlington National Cemetery]]. Sickness was recorded aboard the yacht continuously from 26 September to 30 November 1918, and again from 21 December until at least 31 December. Much of this was either the [[Spanish flu]] pandemic, or secondary infections such as [[pneumonia]] arising from the pandemic. Infections peaked on 16 October, when 22 crewmen were listed as sick. Serious cases were discharged to the [[Old Naval Hospital|US Navy hospital]] in Washington. Four members of ''Warrior''{{'}}s [[Ship's company|company]] died between 16 October and 21 December: one deck hand; one "writer" (clerk); and two [[Royal Marine]]s. All are buried in Arlington National Cemetery.<ref name=Olmstead/>

[[File:Sir Eric Campbell Geddes circa 1918.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Eric Geddes]], [[First Lord of the Admiralty]], in 1918]]
Breaking with naval tradition, the Admiralty allowed Lady Grant to live aboard ''Warrior'' with her husband.<ref name=TWT-1918-11-16>{{cite news |title=Happenings in Society |newspaper=The Washington Times |date=16 November 1918 |page=6 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026749/1918-11-16/ed-1/seq-6/}}</ref> This was for the couple to host social events aboard the flagship in Washington. On 9 October the couple hosted a reception aboard ''Warrior'' to introduce [[Eric Geddes]], [[First Lord of the Admiralty]], to Washington society. Guests included [[United States Secretary of the Navy|US Navy Secretary]] [[Josephus Daniels]], the Brazilian and Italian ambassadors, and senior members of the staff of the British and French embassies.<ref>{{cite news |title=Happenings in Society |newspaper=The Washington Times |date=10 October 1918 |page=13 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026749/1918-10-10/ed-1/seq-13/}}</ref> The reception was described as an addition to "the long list of their graceful hospitalities since the ship — their home — anchored in the Potomac".<ref>{{cite news |title=River flower strewn for the dead at sea |newspaper=[[The Washington Star|The Sunday Star]] |place=Washington, DC |date=13 October 1918 |page=33 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1918-10-13/ed-1/seq-33/}}</ref>

''Warrior''{{'}}s officers proved popular with Washington socialites.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gay holiday for younger Washington set |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=29 December 1918 |page=14 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030431/1918-12-29/ed-1/seq-46/}}</ref> Grant's [[Aide-de-camp|Flag Lieutenant]], Charles Fellowes-Gordon, courted Sara Price Collier, a New York socialite.<ref name=TWT-1918-12-01/> On 14 November, Collier's mother announced the couple's engagement.<ref>{{cite news |last=McDougall |first=Maud |title=In the Social World |newspaper=[[The Washington Herald]] |date=14 November 1918 |page=5 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045433/1918-11-14/ed-1/seq-5/}}</ref> Their wedding was on 30 December at [[St. John's Episcopal Church, Lafayette Square]]. [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], then [[Assistant Secretary of the Navy]], was the bride's [[Godparent|godfather]], and gave her away. [[Katharine St. George]] was her sister, and was her [[Bridesmaid#Maid of honor|Maid of Honour]]. Senior members of Government including [[Frank Polk]], [[Franklin Knight Lane]], and Josephus Daniels were among the guests, along with the staffs of the British, French, and Italian embassies.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lieut. Fellowes-Gordon Weds Sara Price Collier |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=30 December 1918 |page=11 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1918-12-31/ed-1/seq-11/}}</ref>

Lady Grant missed the wedding, having left Washington by 24 November 1918 to return home.<ref>{{cite news |last=McDougall |first=Maud |title=In the Social World |newspaper=The Washington Herald |date=24 November 1918 |page=4 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045433/1918-11-24/ed-1/seq-14/}}</ref> On 3 January 1919, ''Warrior''{{'}}s crew gave a farewell dance at the [[United States Navy Reserve|Naval Reserve]] Armory.<ref>{{cite news |title=Society |newspaper=The Evening Star |place=Washington, DC |date=3 January 1919 |page=9 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1919-01-03/ed-1/seq-9/}}</ref> ''Warrior'' was due to leave Washington for New York on 17 or 18 January.<ref>{{cite news |title=Happenings in Society |newspaper=The Washington Times |date=17 January 1919 |page=12 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026749/1919-01-17/ed-1/seq-12/}}</ref> On 8 February, Vice-Admiral Grant left New York for home aboard {{RMS|Adriatic|1906|6}}.<ref>{{cite news |title=British officers sail on Adriatic |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=9 February 1919 |page=6 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030431/1919-02-09/ed-1/seq-6/}}</ref> The UK Admiralty returned ''Warrior'' to Cochran, and by 25 May 1919 she was in a shipyard in [[South Brooklyn]] being refitted to return to civilian service.<ref>{{cite news |title=Motor boat navy close to 50,000 |newspaper=The Sun |place=New York |date=25 May 1919 |page=Section Two, page 4 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030431/1919-05-25/ed-1/seq-20/}}</ref>

==''Goizeko-Izarra''==
Cochran still owned ''Warrior'' in February 1920.<ref>{{cite news |title=Two Cochran Boats Figure in Cup Race |newspaper=New York Tribune |date=8 February 1920 |page=20 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1920-02-08/ed-1/seq-20/}}</ref> However, by May 1920 the industrialist and [[Basque nationalism|Basque nationalist]] [[Ramon de la Sota]] y Llano had bought her, renamed her ''Goizeko-Izarra'', and registered her in [[Port of Bilbao|Bilbao]] in [[Restoration (Spain)|Spain]].{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1920|loc=GRA}} "Goizeko-Izarra" is [[Basque language|Basque]] for "Morning Star", a traditional name for the planet [[Venus]]. De la Sota already owned a steam yacht that he had renamed ''Goizeko-Izarra'': the former {{HMS|Tuscarora||2}}. But ''Warrior'' was larger, and de la Sota sold the earlier ''Tuscarora'' in 1922.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tuscarora |work=Scottish Built Ships |publisher=Caledonian Maritime Research Trust |url= http://www.clydeships.co.uk/view.php?ref=20261 |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref> By May 1936, the new ''Goizeko-Izarra'' had been converted to burn oil fuel.{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1936|loc=GOL}} Ailsa had built her as a coal-burner, and had remained so until throughout the First World War.<ref name=Olmstead/>

On 17 July 1936, [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|Nationalist]] insurgents began the Spanish Civil War. De la Sota died a month later, on 17 August 1936, leaving ''Goizeko-Izarra'' in the hands of his executors.{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1937|loc=GOI}} Early in May 1937, it was reported that the [[Compañía Transatlántica Española]] [[ocean liner]] ''Habana'' and a vessel called ''Goizeko-Izarra'' had sailed from the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Republican]]-held Basque port of [[Santurtzi]], carrying more than 2,000 child refugees between them to [[La Pallice]] in [[French Third Republic|France]]. One of those reports described ''Goizeko-Izarra'' as a "small [[fishing trawler]]", so it is not clear whether this was the same ''Goizeko-Izarra'' as the late de la Sota's yacht.<ref>{{cite news |title=2,300 Children Sail For France, War Refugees |newspaper=The Waterbury Democrat |place=[[Waterbury, Connecticut|Waterbury, CT]] |date=6 May 1937 |page=1 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014085/1937-05-06/ed-1/seq-1/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Safe conduct for refugees is considered |newspaper=[[Times-News (Hendersonville, North Carolina)|The Times-News]] |date=8 May 1937 |page=1 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86063811/1937-05-08/ed-1/seq-1/}}</ref>

Later that month, Nationalists claimed that their aircraft had hit ''Goizeko-Izarra'' and set her on fire as she made for [[Pauillac]]. In fact she reached [[Le Verdon-sur-Mer]], where she landed another 300 to 400 refugees, and those aboard denied the ship had been attacked. In these reports, newspapers described her as a "Basque yacht".<ref>{{cite news |title=Bomb hits refugee ship |newspaper=The Evening Star |place=Washington, DC |date=21 May 1937 |page=A–5 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1937-05-21/ed-1/seq-5/}}</ref><ref name=Independent-1937-0522>{{cite news |title=New Premier Says War Must Be Won |newspaper=The Daily Independent |place=[[Elizabeth City, North Carolina|Elizabeth City, NC]] |date=22 May 1937 |page=3 |via=Chronicling America |url= https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn91068099/1937-05-22/ed-1/seq-3/}}</ref>

Republican sources denied reports that on this second voyage ''Goizeko-Izarra'' carried treasure sent abroad for safe keeping by the Basque government. The alleged treasure was variously described as "$500,000 worth of gems and gold", or "gold and jewelry worth $50,000,000".<ref name=Independent-1937-0522/><ref>{{cite news |title=Basque Yacht Is Reported Taking Treasure Valued at $50,000,000 Safely to France |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |date=22 May 1937 |page=3 |via=Times Machine |url= https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1937/05/22/118971146.html?pageNumber=3}}</ref>

==''Warrior'' again==
Before the end of 1937, a Rex Morley Hoyes of [[Marwell Zoo|Marwell Hall]], Hampshire had acquired the yacht.{{sfn|''Mercantile Navy List'' 1938|p=445}} Hoyes was linked with the [[Cunliffe-Owen Aircraft]] company.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bribery: Rex Morley Hoyes of Cunliffe Owen Aircraft Ltd and others |publisher=[[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|The National Archives]] |url= https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C1258104 |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref> Her name was reverted to ''Warrior'', she was registered in [[Port of Southampton|Southampton]], and her tonnages were revised to {{GRT|1124}} and {{NRT|530}}. She had the UK [[official number]] 115052 and wireless call sign GZZZ.{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1938|loc=WAN}} By 1940 she was registered as ''Warrior II'', and her owner was "The Marwell Shipping Co, Ltd", also of Marwell Hall, which may therefore have been a company linked with Hoyes.{{sfn|''Mercantile Navy List'' 1940|p=414}}

In the [[World War II|Second World War]] the Admiralty requisitioned the yacht, had her converted for anti-submarine warfare, and commissioned her as HMS ''Warrior II''. On 11 July 1940, German aircraft bombed her in the English Channel, killing one of her [[Naval rating|ratings]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Kindell |first=Don |title=Naval Events, July 1940 (Part 1 of 2) Monday 1st- Sunday 14th |publisher=Naval-History.net |url= https://naval-history.net/xDKWW2-4007-20JUL01.htm |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref> She sank off [[Portland Bill]] at position {{coord|50|21|56|N|02|12|23|W|format=dms|display=inline,title}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=HMS Warrior II |work=Deeper Dorset |date=April 2016 |url= https://deeperdorset.co.uk/wreck/hms-warrior-ii/ |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref>

Her wreck lies at a depth of {{convert|54|to|60|m|disp=flip}}, and is a wreck diving site. Her [[Ship's bell|bell]], with the name ''Goizejo-Izarra'' cast into it, has been recovered, but was broken into two pieces in the process.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vanderbilt's Warrior |work=DiverNet |publisher=Rork Media Ltd |date=17 February 2018 |url= https://divernet.com/scuba-diving/vanderbilts-warrior/ |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=HMS Warrior II |work=X-Ray Mag |date=17 October 2023 |url= https://xray-mag.com/content/hms-warrior-ii |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
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*{{cite book |year=1911 |title=Lloyd's Register of Yachts |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |url= https://archive.org/details/lloyds-register-of-yachts-1911/page/587/mode/1up |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1911}} }}
*{{cite book |year=1912 |title=Lloyd's Register of Yachts |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |url= https://archive.org/details/lloyds-register-of-yachts-1912/page/602/mode/1up |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1912}} }}
*{{cite book |year=1915 |title=Lloyd's Register of Yachts |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |url= https://archive.org/details/lloyds-register-of-yachts-1915/page/576/mode/1up |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1915}} }}
*{{cite book |year=1919 |title=Lloyd's Register of Yachts |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |url= https://archive.org/details/lloyds-register-of-yachts-1919/page/460/mode/1up |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1919}} }}
*{{cite book |year=1920 |title=Lloyd's Register of Yachts |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |url= https://archive.org/details/lloyds-register-of-yachts-1920/page/195/mode/1up |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1920}} }}
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*{{cite book |year=1937 |title=Lloyd's Register of Yachts |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |url= https://archive.org/details/lloyds-register-of-yachts-1937/page/216/mode/1up |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|''Lloyd's Register of Yachts'' 1937}} }}
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{{January–July 1914 shipwrecks}}
{{July 1916 shipwrecks}}
{{July 1940 shipwrecks}}
{{Recreational dive sites|wresit}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Warrior, HMS}}
[[Category:1904 ships]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in July 1940]]
[[Category:Ships built in Scotland]]
[[Category:Ships sunk by German aircraft]]
[[Category:Steam yachts]]
[[Category:Steamships of Spain]]
[[Category:Steamships of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Steamships of the United States]]
[[Category:Vanderbilt family]]
[[Category:World War I auxiliary ships of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:World War II auxiliary ships of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:World War II shipwrecks in the English Channel]]
[[Category:Wreck diving sites in England]]