View source for Jean Tigana

{{Short description|French football player and manager (born 1955)}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Jean Tigana
| image = Jean Tigana cropped.jpg
| image_size = 200
| caption = Tigana in 2000 or 2001
| fullname = Amadou Jean Tigana<ref>{{cite web |url=http://entreprises.lefigaro.fr/canelle-13/entreprise-500980339 |title=Entreprise Canelle à Cassis (13260) |trans-title=Company Canelle in Cassis (13260) |website=Figaro Entreprises |publisher=Société du Figaro |date=16 December 2018 |access-date=16 February 2019 |language=fr}}<br />{{cite web |url=https://dirigeants.bfmtv.com/Jean-TIGANA-1965852/ |title=Jean Tigana |website=BFM Business |access-date=16 February 2019 |language=fr}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1955|6|23|df=y}}<ref name=BDFutbol>{{cite web |url=https://www.bdfutbol.com/en/l/l94165.html |title=Tigana: Jean Amadou Tigana: Manager |publisher=BDFutbol |access-date=16 February 2019}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Bamako]], [[French Sudan]]<ref name=BDFutbol/>
| height = 1.68 m<ref name=BDFutbol/>
| position = [[Central midfielder]]
| youthyears1 = 1965–1972
| youthclubs1 = ASPTT Marseille
| youthyears2 = 1972–1974
| youthclubs2 = SO Les Caillols
| youthyears3 = 1974–1975
| youthclubs3 = Cassis
| years1 = 1975–1978
| clubs1 = [[Sporting Club Toulon|Toulon]]
| caps1 = 76
| goals1 = 10
| years2 = 1978–1981
| clubs2 = [[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]
| caps2 = 104
| goals2 = 15
| years3 = 1981–1989
| clubs3 = [[FC Girondins de Bordeaux|Bordeaux]]
| caps3 = 251
| goals3 = 11
| years4 = 1989–1991
| clubs4 = [[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]]
| caps4 = 56
| goals4 = 0
| totalcaps = 487
| totalgoals = 36
| nationalyears1 = 1980–1988
| nationalteam1 = [[France national football team|France]]
| nationalcaps1 = 52
| nationalgoals1 = 1
| manageryears1 = 1993–1995
| managerclubs1 = [[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]
| manageryears2 = 1995–1999
| managerclubs2 = [[AS Monaco FC|Monaco]]
| manageryears3 = 2000–2003
| managerclubs3 = [[Fulham F.C.|Fulham]]
| manageryears4 = 2005–2007
| managerclubs4 = [[Beşiktaş J.K.|Beşiktaş]]
| manageryears5 = 2010–2011
| managerclubs5 = [[FC Girondins de Bordeaux|Bordeaux]]
| manageryears6 = 2012
| managerclubs6 = [[Shanghai Shenhua F.C.|Shanghai Shenhua]]
| medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[association football|football]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{fb|FRA}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA World Cup]]}}
{{Medal|3rd|[[1986 FIFA World Cup|1986 México]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[UEFA European Championship]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[UEFA Euro 1984|1984 France]]|}}
}}
'''Amadou Jean Tigana''' (born 23 June 1955) is a French former [[Association football|football]] player and manager. A [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|central midfielder]], he was renowned as one of the best midfielders in the world during the 1980s.<ref>[http://www.iffhs.de/?b40f8ca85bd0e027e8f05f4cb05fe4a41314a433ccd40385fdcdc3bfcdc0aec70aeedb8a3f0e03790c443e0f4039040f Europe's best Player of the Century] - IFFHS</ref> He spent his entire playing career in France, and made 52 appearances and scored one goal for the [[France national football team|France national team]]. Following his playing career, he became a manager, coaching clubs in France, England, Turkey and China.

==Club career==
Tigana started his professional career as a player at [[SC Toulon|Toulon]], having been spotted fairly late playing part-time while employed in a spaghetti factory and then as a postman. He moved to [[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]] in 1978 and then to [[FC Girondins de Bordeaux|Bordeaux]] in a $4 million transfer. In Bordeaux's midfield for eight years, Tigana helped them to three league titles and three French cups, as well as taking them close to European glory on two occasions, losing in the semi-final of the European Cup and Cup Winners' Cup in 1985 and 1987 respectively.

He moved in 1989 to [[Olympique Marseille|Marseille]], and ended his career there following the 1990–91 season, winning two consecutive league titles,<ref name="Tigana-Fulham-Boss">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sport/football/707119.stm |title=Tigana named as Fulham boss |work=news.bbc.co.uk |date=9 April 2000 |access-date=19 December 2020 }}</ref> and reaching the [[1991 European Cup Final|European Cup final]] during the latter season, only to be defeated by [[Red Star Belgrade]] on penalties following a 0–0 draw.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/nzadd7/the-team-dismantled-by-war-red-star-belgrades-final-european-triumph |title=The Team Dismantled by War: Red Star Belgrade's Final European Triumph |publisher=www.vice.com |last1=O'Connor |first1=Robert |date=5 June 2015 |access-date=19 December 2020 }}</ref>

==International career==
Tigana was born in [[Bamako]], [[French Sudan]] (now Mali) to a Malian father and a French mother.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sudouest.fr/2011/07/10/devoue-a-la-cause-du-mali-448463-8.php|title=Dévoué à la cause du Mali}}</ref> He represented France, and as an international Tigana joined [[Michel Platini]], [[Luis Fernandez]] and [[Alain Giresse]] in what was termed "the Magic Square" (le Carré Magique) – one of the greatest midfield foursomes of all time.<ref name="Tigana-Fulham-Boss"/> He was part of the France national football team that won [[UEFA Euro 1984]] on home soil, defeating [[Spain national football team|Spain]] in the [[UEFA Euro 1984 Final|final]].<ref name="Tigana-Fulham-Boss"/> Tigana's single international goal came against [[Hungary national football team|Hungary]] in the [[1986 FIFA World Cup]] finals, in which France managed a third-place finish.

==Playing style==
Tigana was a world-class [[Midfielder#Box-to-box midfielder|box-to box]] [[midfielder]], who usually played in the centre, and who was noted for his great movement, teamwork, pace and tireless stamina. Although Tigana was mainly responsible for his team's [[Midfielder#Defensive midfielder|defensive]] duties, he also often ventured forward to create scoring opportunities for his teammates. His work ethic and expansive range of passing, from both long and short range, made him an excellent distributor which, when combined with his close control and simplistic yet efficient [[Dribbling#Association football|dribbling]] technique, made him a world–class midfielder. He was also well known for his contributions in the more advanced areas of the pitch, due to his ability to spot and execute defence-splitting passes.

==Managerial career==
For his first managerial role, Tigana returned to [[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]], coaching them from 1993 to 1995, before moving on to [[AS Monaco|Monaco]] replacing [[Arsene Wenger]], where he remained until 1999. They were French league champions in 1997 and Champions League semi-finalists a year later, beating [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] in the quarter-finals.

He took over as manager of English club [[Fulham F.C.|Fulham]] in April 2000<ref name="Tigana-Fulham-Boss"/> and helped them to promotion from [[Football League First Division|Division One]] to the [[FA Premier League]] as champions in his first full season. They finished 13th in their first top-flight season for more than 30 years and qualified for the [[UEFA Cup]] (via the [[Intertoto Cup]]), but he was sacked in April 2003, even though Fulham were in no danger of going down at this stage.<ref name="scot">
{{cite web| title =Tigana sacked by Fulham| work =The Scotsman| location =UK| date =18 April 2007| url =http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/sport.cfm?id=446362003| access-date =9 November 2007| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20071114170347/http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/sport.cfm?id=446362003| archive-date =14 November 2007}}</ref> The club later took him to court, claiming he had wrongly overpaid for certain players such as [[Steve Marlet]], but the charges were dropped. Tigana then took Fulham to court for wrongful dismissal and won, winning a payout of over £2&nbsp;million.<ref name="ind">
{{cite news
 |last=Milmo 
 |first=Cahal 
 |title=Fayed must pay £2.5m to ex-Fulham manager 
 |work=The Independent 
 |date=13 November 2004 
 |url=http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/legal/article20102.ece 
 |access-date=9 November 2007 
 |location=London 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114233451/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/legal/article20102.ece 
 |archive-date=14 November 2007 
}}</ref>

In October 2005, after a two years plus game hiatus, he signed a two-and-a-half-year contract with [[Turkey|Turkish]] side [[Beşiktaş J.K.|Beşiktaş]]. During that same season, Beşiktaş won the [[Fortis Turkey Cup|Turkish Cup]] following an eight years hiatus.

Immediately after winning the 2007 Turkish Cup, Tigana announced that he was to leave Beşiktaş at the end of the season. He left Beşiktaş with two games to play, after a contract termination agreement with club board.

On 25 May 2010, Tigana returned to [[Ligue 1]] coaching joining [[FC Girondins de Bordeaux|Bordeaux]], replacing [[Laurent Blanc]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/europe/8702854.stm|title=Jean Tigana appointed Bordeaux coachdate=2010-05-25|work=BBC Sport  |publisher=BBC  |access-date=25 May 2010|date=25 May 2010}}</ref>

On 7 May 2011, after a severe defeat against Sochaux (0–4) and a verbal aggression from Bordeaux team fans against his daughter, who was in the stadium, he announced that he was to leave Bordeaux.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.girondins.com/tigana-jarrete.html|title=Tigana – " J'arrête "|language=fr|date=2011-05-07|publisher=[[FC Girondins de Bordeaux]]|access-date=8 May 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511070236/http://www.girondins.com/tigana-jarrete.html|archive-date=11 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/90/france/2011/05/07/2476125/jean-tigana-steps-down-as-bordeaux-coach|title=Jean Tigana steps down as Bordeaux coach|date=2011-05-07|publisher=Goal.com|access-date=8 May 2011}}</ref>

On 18 December 2011, it was announced that Tigana would coach [[Shanghai Shenhua F.C.|Shanghai Shenhua]] from the 2012 season. On 15 April 2012, Tigana resigned as manager of Shanghai Shenhua after a run of poor form, leaving the Chinese club in the bottom five of its domestic league.

==Career statistics==

===Club===
<ref>{{NFT player|id=16066}}</ref>
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
|-
!rowspan=2|Club
!rowspan=2|Season
!colspan=3|League
!colspan=2|National Cup
!colspan=2|Europe
!colspan=2|Total
|-
!Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Sporting Club Toulon|Toulon]]
|[[1975–76 French Division 2|1975–76]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Ligue 2|Division 2]]
|23||1||||||colspan="2"|–||23||1
|-
|[[1976–77 French Division 2|1976–77]]
|27||3||||||colspan="2"|–||27||3
|-
|[[1977–78 French Division 2|1977–78]]
|26||6||||||colspan="2"|–||26||6
|-
!colspan="2"|Total
!76||10||0||0||0||0||76||10
|-
|rowspan="4"|[[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]
|[[1978–79 French Division 1|1978–79]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Ligue 1|Division 1]]
|36||3||||||colspan="2"|–||36||3
|-
|[[1979–80 French Division 1|1979–80]]
|33||5||||||colspan="2"|–||33||5
|-
|[[1980–81 French Division 1|1980–81]]
|35||7||||||colspan="2"|–||35||7
|-
!colspan="2"|Total
!104||15||0||0||0||0||104||15
|-
|rowspan="9"|[[FC Girondins de Bordeaux|Bordeaux]]
|[[1981–82 French Division 1|1981–82]]
|rowspan="8"|Division 1
|27||1||||||1{{efn|name=UC|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League|UEFA Cup]]}}||0||28||1
|-
|[[1982–83 French Division 1|1982–83]]
|32||2||||||5{{efn|name=UC}}||0||37||1
|-
|[[1983–84 French Division 1|1983–84]]
|32||1||||||2{{efn|name=UC}}||0||34||1
|-
|[[1984–85 French Division 1|1984–85]]
|28||3||||||6{{efn|name=EC|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League|European Cup]]}}||0||34||3
|-
|[[1985–86 French Division 1|1985–86]]
|32||2||3||1||2{{efn|name=EC}}||0||37||3
|-
|[[1986–87 French Division 1|1986–87]]
|37||0||3||0||8{{efn|name=CWC|Appearances in [[UEFA Cup Winners' Cup|European Cup Winners' Cup]]}}||0||48||0
|-
|[[1987–88 French Division 1|1987–88]]
|30||1||||||5{{efn|name=EC}}||0||35||1
|-
|[[1988–89 French Division 1|1988–89]]
|33||1||||||6{{efn|name=UC}}||0||39||1
|-
!colspan="2"|Total
!251||11||6||1||35||0||292||12
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]]
|[[1989–90 Olympique de Marseille season|1989–90]]
|rowspan="2"|Division 1
|37||0||2||0||8{{efn|name=EC}}||0||47||0
|-
|[[1990–91 Olympique de Marseille season|1990–91]]
|19||0||1||0||5{{efn|name=EC}}||1||25||1
|-
!colspan="2"|Total
!56||0||3||0||13||1||72||1
|-
!colspan="3"|Total
!487||36||9||1||48||1||544||38
|}

{{notelist}}

===International===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|colspan=3|[[France national football team|France]]
|-
!Year!!Apps!!Goals
|-
|-
|1980||4||0
|-
|1981||5||0
|-
|1982||12||0
|-
|1983||4||0
|-
|1984||10||0
|-
|1985||4||0
|-
|1986||11||1
|-
|1987||1||0
|-
|1988||1||0
|-
!Total||52||1
|}

===Managerial record===
{{updated|match played 7 April 2012}}

{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Managerial record by team and tenure
|-
!rowspan=2|Team
!rowspan=2|From
!rowspan=2|To
!colspan=5|Record
|-
!{{abbr|P|Matches played}}!!{{abbr|W|Matches won}}!!{{abbr|D|Matches drawn}}!!{{abbr|L|Matches lost}}!!{{abbr|Win %|Win percentage}}
|-
|align=left| [[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]
|align=left|1 July 1993
|align=left|30 June 1995
{{WDL|85|42|20|23|decimals=2}}
|-
|align=left| [[AS Monaco FC|Monaco]]
|align=left|1 July 1995
|align=left|31 December 1998
{{WDL|170|92|37|41|decimals=2}}
|-
|align=left| [[Fulham F.C.|Fulham]]
|align=left|9 April 2000
|align=left|17 April 2003
{{WDL|145|67|37|41|decimals=2}}
|-
|align=left| [[Beşiktaş J.K.|Beşiktaş]]
|align=left|31 October 2005
|align=left|15 May 2007
{{WDL|82|43|16|23|decimals=2}}
|-
|align=left| [[FC Girondins de Bordeaux|Bordeaux]]
|align=left|25 May 2010
|align=left|7 May 2011
{{WDL|38|12|15|11|decimals=2}}
|-
|align=left| [[Shanghai Greenland Shenhua F.C.|Shanghai Shenhua]]
|align=left|1 January 2012
|align=left|15 April 2012
{{WDL|5|1|2|2|decimals=1}}
|-
!colspan=3|Total
{{WDLtot|525|257|127|141|decimals=2}}
|-
|}

==Honours==
===Player===
====Club====
'''Bordeaux'''
*[[Ligue 1|Division 1]]: [[1983–84 French Division 1|1983–84]], [[1984–85 French Division 1|1984–85]], [[1986–87 French Division 1|1986–87]]
*[[Coupe de France]]: [[1985–86 Coupe de France|1985–86]], [[1986–87 Coupe de France|1986–87]]

'''Marseille'''
*Division 1: [[1989–90 French Division 1|1989–90]], [[1990–91 French Division 1|1990–91]]

====International====
'''France'''
*[[UEFA European Championship]]: [[UEFA Euro 1984|1984]]
*[[FIFA World Cup]] third place: [[1986 FIFA World Cup|1986]]

====Individual====
*Division 1 Rookie of the Year: 1980<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/franpoy.html |title=France - Footballer of the Year |url-status=live |website=[[RSSSF]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905115225/http://rsssf.com/miscellaneous/franpoy.html |archive-date= 5 September 2015 }}</ref>
*[[France Football#French Player of the Year|French Player of the Year]]: 1984
*[[Onze d'Or|Onze d'Argent]]: 1984
*[[Ballon d'Or]] runner-up: [[1984 Ballon d'Or|1984]]
*[[UEFA European Championship Team of the Tournament]]: [[UEFA Euro 1984#Awards|1984]]<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/euro-uefatot.html | title = European Championships - UEFA Teams of Tournament | date = 14 August 2004 | access-date = 23 January 2015 | first = Barrie | website = [[RSSSF]] | last = Courtney}}</ref>
*[[UEFA European Championship]] top assist provider: [[UEFA Euro 1984|1984]]<ref>[https://ru.uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/news/025e-0fa1e66c32e9-be5610181259-1000--%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B5-%D0%B0/ Лучшие ассистенты ЕВРО. Статистика и рекорды]</ref>
*[[World Soccer Magazine#Eric Batty's World XI|World XI]]: 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987<ref name="BTLM80s">{{cite web |url=https://beyondthelastman.com/2014/03/10/eric-battys-world-xis-the-eighties-and-nineties/ |website=Beyond The Last Man |date=10 March 2014 |title=Eric Batty's World XI's – The Eighties and Nineties |access-date=23 July 2020 |archive-date=31 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220131120633/https://beyondthelastman.com/2014/03/10/eric-battys-world-xis-the-eighties-and-nineties/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[FIFA World Cup awards#All-Star Team|FIFA World Cup All-Star Team]]: 1986
*[[Onze d'Or|Onze de Bronze]]: 1987

===Manager===
====Club====
'''Monaco'''
*Division 1: [[1996–97 French Division 1|1996–97]]
*[[Trophée des Champions]]: [[1997 Trophée des Champions|1997]]

'''Fulham'''
*[[Football League First Division]]: [[2000–01 Football League First Division|2000–01]]
*[[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]: [[2002 UEFA Intertoto Cup|2002]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/2188318.stm |title=Fulham force draw |website=BBC Sport |date=13 August 2002 |access-date=16 June 2020}}<br />{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/uefa_cup/2217215.stm |title=Fulham clinch Euro glory |website=BBC Sport |date=27 August 2002 |access-date=16 June 2020}}</ref>

'''Beşiktaş'''
*[[Turkish Cup]]: [[2005–06 Turkish Cup|2005–06]], [[2006–07 Turkish Cup|2006–07]]
*[[Turkish Super Cup]]: [[2006 Turkish Super Cup|2006]]

====Individual====
*[[Trophées UNFP du football|French Division 1 Manager of the Year]]: 1997
*[[France Football|French Manager of the Year]]: 1997

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Lequipe|9660}}
* [http://www.fff.fr/servfff/historique/historique.php?cherche_joueur=TIGANA&submit=go FFF.fr profile]

{{Navboxes
| bg = gold
| fg = navy
| title = Awards
| list1 = 
{{UEFA Euro 1984 Team of the Tournament}}
{{1986 FIFA World Cup Team of the Tournament}}  
{{1984 World Soccer World XI}}
{{1985 World Soccer World XI}}
{{1986 World Soccer World XI}}
{{1987 World Soccer World XI}}
{{French Player of the Year}}
{{Ligue 1 Manager of the Year}}  
{{UEFA Intertoto Cup winning managers}}
{{Ligue 1 winning managers}}                                                      
}}
{{Navboxes
| title = France squads
| bg = #002395
| fg = white
| bordercolor = #ED2939
| list1 = 
{{France squad 1982 FIFA World Cup}}
{{France squad UEFA Euro 1984}}
{{France squad 1986 FIFA World Cup}}
}}
{{Navboxes
| title = Managerial positions
| list1 = 
{{Olympique Lyonnais managers}}
{{AS Monaco FC managers}}
{{Fulham F.C. managers}}
{{Beşiktaş JK managers}}
{{FC Girondins de Bordeaux managers}}
{{Shanghai Shenhua F.C. managers}}
}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tigana, Jean}}
[[Category:1955 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Footballers from Bamako]]
[[Category:French men's footballers]]
[[Category:French football managers]]
[[Category:France men's international footballers]]
[[Category:French sportspeople of Malian descent]]
[[Category:SC Toulon players]]
[[Category:Olympique Lyonnais players]]
[[Category:FC Girondins de Bordeaux players]]
[[Category:Olympique de Marseille players]]
[[Category:Olympique Lyonnais managers]]
[[Category:Fulham F.C. managers]]
[[Category:Beşiktaş J.K. managers]]
[[Category:FC Girondins de Bordeaux managers]]
[[Category:Ligue 1 players]]
[[Category:Ligue 1 managers]]
[[Category:Premier League managers]]
[[Category:Süper Lig managers]]
[[Category:1982 FIFA World Cup players]]
[[Category:UEFA Euro 1984 players]]
[[Category:European champions for France]]
[[Category:1986 FIFA World Cup players]]
[[Category:UEFA European Championship–winning players]]
[[Category:Men's association football midfielders]]
[[Category:Expatriate football managers in England]]
[[Category:Expatriate football managers in Turkey]]
[[Category:Shanghai Shenhua F.C. managers]]
[[Category:Expatriate football managers in China]]
[[Category:French expatriate football managers]]
[[Category:French expatriate sportspeople in England]]
[[Category:French expatriate sportspeople in Turkey]]
[[Category:French expatriate sportspeople in China]]
[[Category:Black French sportspeople]]
[[Category:Chinese Super League managers]]