View source for Joe Baca

{{Short description|American politician (born 1947)}}
{{about||his son|Joe Baca Jr.|the New Mexico Supreme Court justice|Joseph F. Baca}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Joe Baca
| image               = Joe Baca Portrait.jpg
| state               = [[California]]
| term_start          = November 16, 1999
| term_end            = January 3, 2013
| predecessor         = [[George Brown Jr.]]
| successor           = [[Gloria Negrete McLeod]]
| constituency        = {{ushr|CA|42|42nd district}} (1999–2003)<br>{{ushr|CA|43|43rd district}} (2003–2013)
| state_senate2       = California
| district2           = [[California's 32nd State Senate district|32nd]]
| term_start2         = December 7, 1998
| term_end2           = November 16, 1999
| predecessor2        = [[Ruben Ayala (politician)|Ruben Ayala]]
| successor2          = [[Nell Soto]]
| state_assembly3     = California
| district3           = [[California's 62nd State Assembly district|62nd]]
| term_start3         = December 7, 1992
| term_end3           = November 30, 1998
| predecessor3        = [[William H. Lancaster]]
| successor3          = [[John Longville]]
| birth_name          = Joseph Natalio Baca
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1947|1|23}}
| birth_place         = [[Belen, New Mexico]], U.S.
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (before 2015, 2018–present)
| otherparty          = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (2015–2016)<br>[[Independent politician|Independent]] (2016–2018)
| spouse              = Barbara Baca
| children            = 4, including [[Joe Baca Jr.|Joe]]
| relatives           = [[Baca family of New Mexico|Baca family]]
| education           = [[Barstow Community College]]<br>[[California State University, Los Angeles]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])
| allegiance          = {{flag|United States}}
| branch              = {{army|United States}}
| serviceyears        = 1966–1968
| rank                = [[File:Army-USA-OR-04b.svg|20px]] [[Specialist (rank)|Specialist 4]]
| unit                = [[101st Airborne Division]]<ref name="AUSA2011">{{cite web |url=http://www.ausa.org/legislation/congressionalinfo/Documents/OAS%20112th%20Congress.pdf |title=Once a Soldier... Always a Soldier |year=2011 |work=Legislative Agenda |publisher=[[Association of the United States Army]] |access-date=27 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021200011/http://www.ausa.org/legislation/congressionalinfo/Documents/OAS%20112th%20Congress.pdf |archive-date=21 October 2013}}</ref>
| module              = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Rep. Joe Baca on H.R.512, the Commission to Study the Potential Creation of the National Museum of the American Latino Act of 2007.ogg|title=Joe Baca's voice|type=speech|description=Baca addresses the potential creation of a national museum for [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino Americans]]<br/>Recorded February 6, 2007}}
}}
'''Joseph Natalio Baca Sr.''' (born January 23, 1947) is an American [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] politician who served as the [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. representative]] for southwestern [[San Bernardino County, California|San Bernardino County]] (including [[Fontana, California|Fontana]], [[Rialto, California|Rialto]], [[Ontario, California|Ontario]] and parts of the city of [[San Bernardino, California|San Bernardino]]) from 1999 to 2013.

In June 2015, Baca switched his affiliation to the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]], citing his "core Christian" and pro-business beliefs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sbsun.com/government-and-politics/20150612/former-blue-dog-rep-joe-baca-goes-republican|title=Former 'Blue Dog' Rep. Joe Baca goes Republican|work=[[The San Bernardino Sun]]|first=Joe|last=Nelson|date=June 12, 2015|access-date=June 14, 2015}}</ref> In January 2018, Baca switched his affiliation back to the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], saying that "in my heart, I've always been a Democrat with a 100 percent voting record for labor."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pe.com/2018/02/27/switching-parties-again-joe-baca-wants-back-in-congress/ |title=Switching parties again, Joe Baca wants back in Congress |newspaper=The Press-Enterprise |date=February 27, 2018 |access-date=May 21, 2018 |first=Jeff |last=Horseman }}</ref>

Prior to his time in the House of Representatives, Baca served in the California Senate from 1998 to 1999, and the California State Assembly from 1992 to 1998.

He currently serves on the [[Rialto, California|Rialto]] City Council.<ref name="sbsun.com">{{cite web | url=https://www.sbsun.com/2022/12/14/joe-baca-sr-takes-seat-on-rialto-city-council-a-decade-after-he-left-congress/ | title=Joe Baca Sr. Takes seat on Rialto City Council a decade after he left Congress | date=14 December 2022 }}</ref>

==Early life, education and career==
Baca was born in [[Belen, New Mexico]] in 1947, the youngest of 15 children in a primarily Spanish-speaking household.<ref name="hill2006">{{cite news | title = Former staff accuse Baca of 'forced volunteering' (Culture of Corruption Alert) | newspaper = The Hill | date = 2006-05-18 }}</ref> His father was a railroad laborer.<ref name="hill2006"/> The family moved to [[Barstow, California]] when Joe was young, where he shined shoes at age 10, delivered newspapers, and later worked as a laborer for the Santa Fe Railroad, until he was drafted in 1966, serving in the [[United States Army]] until 1968. He did not serve in Vietnam.<ref name="navyleague">{{cite web| title = Veterans in the US House of Representatives 109th Congress| publisher = Navy League| url = http://www.navyleague.org/legislative_affairs/HouseVets.pdf | access-date = 2007-10-08 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070626235918/http://www.navyleague.org/legislative_affairs/HouseVets.pdf |archive-date = 2007-06-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Joe Baca (D) |url=http://projects.wsj.com/campaign2012/candidates/view/joe-baca--CA-H |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |year=2012 |access-date=27 January 2013 |quote=Baca worked as a laborer for the Santa Fe Railroad before getting drafted into the U.S. Army in 1966. He served as a paratrooper during the Vietnam War, but did not see combat. He was discharged in 1968. }}</ref>

Following military service, Baca attended [[Barstow Community College]] and went on to receive his bachelor's degree in [[sociology]] from [[California State University, Los Angeles]].<ref name="house bio">{{cite web|url=http://www.house.gov/baca/meetjoe/bio.htm|title=Congressman Joe Baca: Biography|publisher=US House of Representatives|access-date=5 April 2010}}</ref> He worked for 15 years in community relations with General Telephone and Electric. In 1979, he was the first Latino elected to the board of trustees for the San Bernardino Valley College District.<ref name="house bio"/> He was elected to the [[California State Assembly|State Assembly]] in 1992,<ref name="hill2006"/> and to the [[California State Senate|State Senate]] in 1998.<ref name="hill2006"/>

==U.S. House of Representatives==
===Committee assignments===
*'''[[United States House Committee on Agriculture|Committee on Agriculture]]'''
**[[United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Department Operations, Oversight, and Credit|Subcommittee on Department Operations, Oversight, and Credit]]
**[[United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry|Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry]]
**[[United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Nutrition and Horticulture|Subcommittee on Nutrition and Horticulture]] (Ranking Member)
*'''[[United States House Committee on Financial Services|Committee on Financial Services]]'''
**[[United States House Financial Services Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit|Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit]]
**[[United States House Financial Services Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations|Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations]]

===Caucus membership===
*'''[[Congressional Hispanic Caucus]]''' (Former Chairman)
**Corporate America, Technology, Communications and the Arts Task Force (Chairman)
*'''[[Blue Dog Coalition]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.house.gov/melancon/BlueDogs/index.html |title=Blue Dog Coalition |access-date=July 12, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615173127/http://www.house.gov/melancon/BlueDogs/index.html |archive-date=June 15, 2010 }}</ref>'''

He served on the [[United States House Committee on Financial Services|House Financial Services Committee]], where he was a member of the Subcommittee on Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government Sponsored Enterprises, and the Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit. Rep. Baca also served on the [[United States House Committee on Agriculture|House Agriculture Committee]], where he was the ranking member of the Subcommittee on Departmental Operations, Oversight, Nutrition and Forestry.

Rep. Baca was the Chair of the CHC Corporate America Task Force, which aims to increase Hispanic representation in corporate America.{{Citation needed|date=June 2007}} He created and co-chaired the Congressional Sex and Violence in the Media Caucus. Other caucus memberships included the Congressional Diabetes Caucus, the Military/ Veterans Caucus, the Native American Caucus and the U.S.-Mexico Caucus.

In 2011, Rep. Baca became a co-sponsor of Bill H.R.3261 otherwise known as the [[Stop Online Piracy Act]].<ref name="govtrack">[http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h112-3261 Bill H.R.3261]; GovTrack.us;</ref> The same year, he voted for the [[National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012]] as part of a controversial provision that allows the government and the military to indefinitely detain American citizens and others without trial.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/ndaa-bill-how-did-your-congress-member-vote-384362|title = NDAA Bill: How Did Your Congress Member Vote?|website = [[International Business Times]]|date = 16 December 2011}}</ref>

In March 2012, Baca and Rep. Frank Wolf (R-VA) introduced a bill that would force video game companies to put warning labels on their products. H.R. 4204, the Violence in Video Games Labeling Act, would compel game companies to label their products with "WARNING: Exposure to violent video games has been linked to aggressive behavior". {{Citation needed|date=November 2012}}

==Political campaigns==

=== 1999 special election ===
A few months after Baca was elected to the State Senate, Congressman [[George Brown, Jr.]] died after a long illness. Baca finished first in a seven-way primary, but fell far short of a majority due to the presence of two minor Democratic candidates. In the runoff, Baca defeated Republican Elia Pirozzi with 50.4%.

Baca won a full term in 2000 with 59% of the vote. After the 2000 census, the district was renumbered as the 43rd and reconfigured as a majority-Hispanic district.  Baca was handily reelected from this redrawn district in 2002, and did not face another close contest again until 2012.

=== 2012 campaign ===
After the [[2010 United States Census]], the [[Citizens Redistricting Commission]] significantly redrew California's congressional map. The bulk of Baca's former territory became the 35th District, though his home in [[Rialto, California|Rialto]] was placed in the 31st District.  Baca opted to run in the 35th, and finished first in the all-party primary with 46.7 percent of the vote.  His nearest opponent, State Senator [[Gloria Negrete McLeod]], took 34 percent.  In the general election, Negrete McLeod defeated Baca, taking 56 percent to Baca's 44 percent. A few weeks leading up to the election McLeod's campaign benefited from $3.2 million in independent expenditures from the Federal Super PAC of billionaire Michael Bloomberg, who was Mayor of New York City at that time. The Super PAC ran negative advertisements in newspapers, radio, and television accusing Baca of being soft on crime and causing perchlorate water contamination in drinking water. Bloomberg had become unhappy with Baca because he had not been supportive of Bloomberg's efforts for stronger federal laws for gun control and the enactment of federal registration.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}}

Baca ran again, changing to the 31st District [[United States House of Representatives elections in California, 2014#District 31|in 2014]] but came fifth with 11.2%.

In 2014, Baca also ran for Mayor of Fontana.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/political/la-me-pc-joe-baca-fontana-20140728-story.html|title = Former Rep. Joe Baca takes steps to run for Fontana mayor this fall|website = [[Los Angeles Times]]|date = 28 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2014/07/29/former-us-rep-joe-baca-next-challenge-getting-elected-mayor-fontana-calif/|title = Latino|website = [[Fox News]]|date = 16 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pe.com/articles/baca-698971-fontana-rialto.html|title = FONTANA: Joe Baca's comeback bid in politics continues|date = 16 August 2014}}</ref> He lost in a landslide and subsequently announced his retirement from politics, but made a comeback to the [[Rialto]] City Council in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sbsun.com/government-and-politics/20141109/inland-empire-politician-joe-baca-calls-it-a-career-with-latest-loss|title = Inland Empire politician Joe Baca calls it a career with latest loss|date = 9 November 2014}}</ref><ref name="sbsun.com"/>

==Controversies==
According to the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', Baca, chairman of the [[Congressional Hispanic Caucus]], directed Caucus funds from its [[political action committee|PAC]]<ref name="ocregistersanchez">{{cite news|url=http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/homepage/abox/article_1561646.php|title=Sanchez quits caucus|first=Dena|last=Bunis|newspaper=The [[Orange County Register]]|date=2007-02-01|access-date=2007-06-20|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930182641/http://www.ocregister.com/ocregister/homepage/abox/article_1561646.php|archive-date=2007-09-30}}</ref> BOLDPAC (Building Our Leadership Diversity)<ref name="flashreport">{{cite news|url=http://www.flashreport.org/commentary0b.php?authID=2006112123195930&postID=2006112903535864&post_offsetP=0|title=Baca to Chair Congressional Hispanic Caucus Despite Female Members' Misgivings|first=Adam|last=Aleman|publisher=Flash Report|date=2006-11-29|access-date=2007-06-20|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928020844/http://www.flashreport.org/commentary0b.php?authID=2006112123195930&postID=2006112903535864&post_offsetP=0|archive-date=2007-09-28}}</ref> to the unsuccessful California campaigns of his sons, Joe Baca, Jr. and Jeremy Baca. At the time, Rep. [[Loretta Sanchez]]  and five other members dropped out of the PAC in protest of these actions.<ref name="ocregistersanchez"/> They alleged that the funds, meant to elect Hispanic candidates, should not have been used to help Baca's sons run against Hispanic candidates and that in a previous race funded by the PAC, Joe Jr. had run against Hispanic candidates.<ref name="flashreport"/>

[[Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington]] (CREW) released a report stating that Rep. Baca had paid his daughter $27,000 from campaign funds and donated more than $20,000 to his sons' political campaigns from his own campaign funds.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.citizensforethics.org/node/29117|title=Watchdog lists 64 in the House paying kin out of campaign funds|publisher=Citizens for Ethics|date=2007-06-19|access-date=2007-06-20|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928104708/http://www.citizensforethics.org/node/29117|archive-date=2007-09-28}}</ref> They reported accusations that were made in 2006 by former members of Baca's Washington staff that they were sent to California in 2004 for a staff retreat and pressured to work on Joe Baca, Jr.'s campaign for the state Assembly on their paid time for the senior Baca.<ref name="hill2006"/>

=== 2007 House Hispanic Caucus election ===
In January 2007, fellow Hispanic Caucus members including Loretta Sanchez, [[Nydia Velázquez]], [[Hilda Solis]], and [[Linda Sánchez]] wrote a letter to Baca asking for a new election with a secret ballot. They claimed that Baca was elected chair of the Caucus in a public ballot, despite Caucus rules for electing a chair that require a secret ballot election.

On January 31, ''[[The Politico]]'' reported that Rep. Baca had called Loretta Sanchez a "whore". Rep. Baca denied making the insult.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hearn|first=Josephine|url=http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0107/2572.html|title=Sanchez Accuses Democrat of Calling Her a 'Whore', Resigns from Hispanic Group|date=2007-02-02|access-date=2007-02-08|publisher=[[The Politico]]}}</ref> Reps. Loretta Sanchez and Hilda Solis alleged Rep. Baca made the remark in the summer of 2006.

Citing Baca's alleged insult and the perceived impropriety in Baca's election to chairman of the CHC, as well as Baca's treatment of Latina members in the CHC, Loretta Sanchez resigned from the Caucus along with her sister, three other female California members and one female member from Arizona.  The two congresswomen state that they heard the remark from unnamed sources, although ''The Politico'' identified California State Assemblyman [[Fabian Núñez]] as one of those who heard the insult firsthand and told Loretta Sanchez.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/01/AR2007020101416.html|title=Hispanic Caucus Members Toil Over Insult|first=Erica|last=Werner|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=2007-02-01|access-date=2007-02-08}}</ref> She said that Baca confirmed the comments to her sister Linda Sánchez the day before Loretta Sanchez confronted him over the accusation.<ref name="ocregistersanchez" />

In a February, 2014 interview in ''[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]'', Baca described Representative [[Gloria McLeod]], who had defeated him in the 2012 elections after receiving $3.2 million in help from then New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg's Super PAC in the final weeks leading up to the election, as "some bimbo." Minutes later he apologized, saying he was upset because he felt it was a disservice to the voters that she had announced the day before that she would not seek re-election to the congressional seat after holding it for only two years.<ref>Ex-Rep. Joe Baca Calls Congresswoman Who Beat Him "Some Bimbo" by Laura Bassett, 18 February 2014, Huffington Post</ref>

==Personal life==
Baca and his wife, Barbara, began their own business, Interstate World Travel, in San Bernardino in 1989. They have four children: [[Joe Baca, Jr.|Joe Jr.]], Jeremy, Natalie and Jennifer. Son Joe Baca, Jr. served one term as state assemblyman for [[Districts in California|California's 62nd district]].

==See also==
*[[Baca Family of New Mexico]]
*[[List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160125114637/http://www.house.gov/baca/ U.S. Congressman Joe Baca] official U.S. House website
*[http://www.workingjoebaca.com/ Joe Baca for Congress]
* {{CongLinks | congbio=b001234 | votesmart=8039 | fec=H6CA42099 | congress=joe-baca/1614 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070929135254/http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Joe_Baca Profile] at [[SourceWatch]]
*{{YouTube|ajkAP_M4ZAM|Explaining his agenda of increasing La Raza}}
*[http://www.joincalifornia.com/candidate/6003 Join California Joe Baca]
*{{Ballotpedia}}
*{{C-SPAN|81682}}

{{s-start}}
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{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[California State Assembly|California Assembly]]<br>from the [[California's 62nd State Assembly district|62nd]] district|years=1992–1998}}
{{s-aft|after=[[John Longville]]}}
|-
{{s-par|us-ca-sen}}
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{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from California|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br>from [[California's 42nd congressional district]]|years=1999–2003}}
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{{CHC Chairs}}
{{CA-FedRep}}
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{{USCongRep/CA/106}}
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{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Baca, Joe}}
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:21st-century American legislators]]
[[Category:American politicians of Mexican descent]]
[[Category:Hispanic and Latino American people in California politics]]
[[Category:Baca family of New Mexico]]
[[Category:California state senators]]
[[Category:Hispanic and Latino American members of the United States Congress]]
[[Category:Hispanic and Latino American state legislators in California]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Members of the California State Assembly]]
[[Category:People from Rialto, California]]
[[Category:People from Belen, New Mexico]]
[[Category:United States Army soldiers]]
[[Category:California Republicans]]
[[Category:People from Barstow, California]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from California]]
[[Category:Members of Congress who became lobbyists]]
[[Category:Candidates in the 2014 United States elections]]
[[Category:21st-century California politicians]]
[[Category:Candidates in the 2018 United States House of Representatives elections]]