View source for Nellore district

{{Use Indian English|date=August 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Nellore district
| settlement_type    = [[List of districts of Andhra Pradesh|District]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| total_type         = Total
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
|size = 250
|photo1a = Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple, Galigopuram, Nellore (8).jpg
|photo1b = Barashadid darga-front view.nellore.JPG
|photo2a = Udayagiri Fort (16).jpg
|photo2b = Pinakini satygraha Aasram, in rainy.jpg
|photo3a = Mypadu beach-sunrise.jpg
}}
| image_caption      = Clockwise from top-left: [[Ranganatha Temple, Nellore|Ranganathaswamy Temple]] at [[Nellore]], [[Bara Shaheed Dargah]], [[Pinakini Satygraha Ashramam]], [[Mypadu Beach]], [[Udayagiri Fort]]
| image_map          = Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore in Andhra Pradesh (India).svg
| image_map1         = {{Infobox mapframe|zoom=7|wikidata=yes|coord={{coord|14.45|79.99}}}}
| map_caption        = Location of Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district in Andhra Pradesh
| coordinates        = {{coord|14|26|N|80|0|E|type:adm3rd_region:IN_dim:200000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint      = Nellore
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{IND}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flagicon image|}}[[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2  = Region
| subdivision_name2  = [[Coastal Andhra]]
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 1792
| seat_type          = Headquarters
| seat               = [[Nellore]]
| established_title1 = 1st Reorganized
| established_date1  = 1970 (Prakasam district)
| established_title2 = 2nd Reorganized
| established_date2  = 2022 (Tirupati district)
| parts_type         = [[List of subdistricts in India|Mandals]]
| parts_style        = para
| p1                 = 38<ref name=onlineportal>{{cite web|title=District – Guntur|url=http://www.aponline.gov.in/quick%20links/apfactfile/info%20on%20districts/nellore.html|publisher=Andhra Pradesh Online Portal|access-date=29 August 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608025141/http://www.aponline.gov.in/quick%20links/apfactfile/info%20on%20districts/nellore.html|archive-date=8 June 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 10447
| area_footnotes     = {{sfn|CPO|2022|p=9}}
| population_as_of   = 2011
| population_total   = 2469712
| population_footnotes = {{sfn|CPO|2022|p=9}}
| population_urban   = 29.07%
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 69.15%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 986
| leader_title       = [[District collector]]
| leader_name        = O. Anand, I.A.S. <ref>https://spsnellore.ap.gov.in/</ref>
| leader_title1      = [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1       = [[Nellore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nellore]]
| leader_title2      = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]]
| leader_name2       = [[Vemireddy Prabhakar Reddy]]
| leader_title3      = [[Vidhan Sabha|Assembly constituencies]]
| leader_name3       = [[List of constituencies of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|08]]
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India|AP-26 (former)]]<br /> AP–39 (from 30 January 2019)<ref>{{cite news |title=New 'AP 39' code to register vehicles in Andhra Pradesh launched |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/vijayawada/2019/jan/31/new-ap-39-code-to-register-vehicles-in-state-launched-1932417.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190203234146/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/vijayawada/2019/jan/31/new-ap-39-code-to-register-vehicles-in-state-launched-1932417.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 February 2019 |access-date=9 June 2019 |work=The New Indian Express |date=31 January 2019 |location=Vijayawada}}</ref>
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1    = [[National Highway 16 (India)|NH 16]], [[National Highway 67 (India)|NH 67]], [[National Highway 565 (India)|NH 565]]
| blank_name_sec2    = Coastline
| blank_info_sec2    = {{convert|167|km|mi}}
| website            = {{URL|https://spsnellore.ap.gov.in/}}
| named_for          = [[Potti Sreeramulu]]
| official_name      = Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district
}}
'''Nellore district''', officially known as '''Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district''' in [[Coastal Andhra]] Region,<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 May 2021 |title=14 persons die of COVID in Nellore, Prakasam |language=en-IN |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/14-persons-die-of-covid-in-nellore-prakasam/article34693276.ece |access-date=10 June 2022 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> is one of the 26 districts in the [[States and union territories of India|Indian state]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. According to the [[2011 Census of India|2011 Census]], the district's population was 2,963,557<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/136-sri-potti-sriramulu-nellore.html |access-date=2024-07-15 |website=www.census2011.co.in |title=Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore (Nellore) District Population Census 2011 - 2021 - 2024, Andhra Pradesh literacy sex ratio and density }}</ref> of which 29.07% was urban. Its administrative headquarters are located in [[Nellore]] city. Located in the [[Coastal Andhra]] region, the district is bordered by the [[Bay of Bengal]] to the east, [[Kadapa district]] and [[Annamayya district]] to the west, [[Prakasam district]] to the north, and [[Tirupati district]] to the south.{{sfn|CPO|2022|p=1}}

== Etymology ==
The name of the district is derived from the name of the district headquarters, Nellore. The city was historically known as Vikrama Simhapuri until the 13th century, when it became known as Nellore. The name "Nellore" originates from a mythological story in the Sthala Purana, which depicts a lingam in the form of a stone under a Phyllanthus emblica (amla), or nelli tree. According to this myth, the place gradually became known as "Nelli-ooru" (nelli referring to the amla tree and ooru meaning "place" in both Tamil and Telugu). Over time, the name evolved to the present-day "Nellore," reflecting the area's historical and cultural significance.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2qx-smrZLyUC|title=Gazetteer of the Nellore District: Brought Up to 1938|last1=Staff|first1=Government Of Madras|last2=Madras|first2=Government of|date=1 January 1942|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=9788120618510|language=en}}</ref> The name is also linked to the Tamil word "நெல்லு" (nellu), meaning "paddy" or "rice," highlighting the region's long-standing association with rice cultivation.<ref>{{Cite book | last=Burrow | first=T. | author2=Emeneau, M. B. | title=A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary | publisher=Clarendon Press | year=1984 }}</ref>

The official name of Nellore was changed to Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore District (SPS Nellore) on 4&nbsp;June 2008,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://spsnellore.ap.gov.in/nellore-district-profile/|title=District Profile &#124; Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore District, Government of Andhra Pradesh &#124; India}}</ref> in honour of the Indian revolutionary [[Potti Sri Ramulu]], who died fasting in an attempt to achieve the formation of a separate state for the Telugu people, which would later become Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/11/11/stories/2002111101540200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030701130051/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2002/11/11/stories/2002111101540200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 July 2003|title=The martyr of Telugu statehood|date=11 November 2002|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai, India}}</ref>

== History ==

=== The Nawabs and the British period ===
After the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire, the area was ruled by the Nawabs. During the eighteenth century, Nellore saw wars between Najeebullah, the ruler of the area, and his brother [[Carnatic Sultanate|Arcot Nawab]], who received support from the British and French. Nawab's army, under the command of colonel Caillaud, took over the Nellore fort in 1762.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.san.beck.org/2-9-MughalEmpire1526-1707.html |title=Mughal Empire 1526-1707 by Sanderson Beck |publisher=San.beck.org |access-date=2012-03-04}}</ref>  For the purposes of revenue collection, the town of Nellore and the surrounding district were handed over to the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] in 1781 and 1801, respectively. Nellore was named the revenue unit for the district.<ref>[http://www.telugupeople.com/regional/history.asp?locationCode=18 Nellore became revenue unit] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306005355/http://telugupeople.com/regional/history.asp?locationcode=18 |date=6 March 2016 }}. Telugupeople.com. Retrieved on 13 June 2012.</ref>

=== Post Indian Independence ===
In 1970, the northern parts of Nellore district were transferred to the newly created [[Prakasam district]].<ref name='Statoids'>{{cite web | url = http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | title = Districts of India | access-date = 11 October 2011 | last = Law | first = Gwillim | date = 25 September 2011 | work = Statoids}}</ref>
[[File:Damaramadugu Rice Fields.jpg|thumb|Damaramadugu rice fields in Nellore district|left]]
On 4 April 2022 Some areas from Southern parts of Nellore district were transferred to newly created [[Tirupati district]].

=== Education ===
In the undivided Nellore district, as per the school information report for the academic year 2017–18, there are a total of 4,489 schools. These include: 21 government, 3,140 mandal and [[Zilla Parishad High School|zilla parishads]], 2 residential, 1,077 private, 10 model, 10 [[Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya]] (KGBV), 106 municipal and 123 other types of schools.
<ref>{{cite web|title=School Education Department|url=http://rmsaap.nic.in/Notification_TSG_2015.pdf|publisher=School Education Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh|access-date=7 November 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227185018/http://rmsaap.nic.in/Notification_TSG_2015.pdf|archive-date=27 December 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Department of School Education – Official AP State Government Portal|url=http://www.ap.gov.in/department/organizations/school-education/|website=www.ap.gov.in|access-date=7 November 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107155331/http://www.ap.gov.in/department/organizations/school-education/|archive-date=7 November 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=School Information Report|url=http://cse.ap.gov.in/DSE/totalSchoolReport.xls#|website=Commissionerate of School Education|publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh|access-date=8 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108154343/http://cse.ap.gov.in/DSE/totalSchoolReport.xls|archive-date=8 November 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The total number of students enrolled in primary, upper primary and high schools of the district are 3,95,092.<ref name="student">{{cite web|title=Student Information Report|url=http://cse.ap.gov.in/DSE/districtStudentReport.do|website=Commissionerate of School Education|publisher=Child info 2015–16, District School Education – Andhra Pradesh|access-date=8 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522011144/http://cse.ap.gov.in/DSE/districtStudentReport.do|archive-date=22 May 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Economy ===
The Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) of Nellore district is {{currency|30482|INR}}&nbsp;crore (304.82&nbsp;billion rupees) and makes up 5.8% of [[Economy of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh's]] [[Gross State Domestic Product of Indian states|Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP)]]. For the fiscal year 2013–14, Nellore's [[per capita income]] at current prices was {{INRConvert|80782}}. The [[Primary sector of the economy|primary]], [[secondary sector of the economy|secondary]] and [[tertiary sector of the economy|tertiary sectors]] of the district contribute {{currency|9729|INR|linked=no}}&nbsp;crore, {{currency|6320|INR|linked=no}}&nbsp;crore and {{currency|14433|INR|linked=no}}&nbsp;crore (97.29&nbsp;billion, 63.2&nbsp;billion and 144.33&nbsp;billion rupees), respectively.<ref name="apedb">{{cite web|title=Economy of Nellore District|url=http://apedb.gov.in/infrastrctr.html|website=Andhra Pradesh Economic Development Board|access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref> The major agricultural contributors to the district's [[gross value added]] (GVA) include: [[paddy mail|paddy]], [[sugarcane]], [[lemon]], [[tomato]], [[milk]], [[meat]] and [[fisheries]]. The major industrial and service contributors to the district's GVA include: [[construction]], [[electricity]], [[manufacturing]], [[transport]] and [[education]].<ref name="apedb" />

=== Mining ===
Nellore district produces most of the crude [[mica]] in India.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailyrecords.com/2018-2019-2020-2021/world-famous-top-10-list/india/largest-mica-producing-states-india-mines/18419/|title=Top 10 Largest Mica Producing States in India|date=2018-02-15|work=The Daily Records|access-date=2018-03-21|language=en-US}}</ref> Between 2011 and 2012, Nellore produced 1,784 tonnes of crude mica, the majority of India's total production of 1,899 tonnes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ibm.gov.in/writereaddata/files/01192015115103IMYB_2013_Vol%20III_Mica%202013.pdf|title=Indian Minerals Yearbook 2013 (Part- III : Mineral Reviews)|website=ibm.gov.in|access-date=2018-03-21}}</ref>

== Epigraphical records ==
In Nellore district, there exist a variety of Telugu inscriptions originating from several different kingdoms. Tamil inscriptions also exist near the Mallam Subramanyeshwara Swamy temple, which was constructed by [[Rajendhra Chola]] during the fourteenth century.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/listsantiquaria00sewegoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/listsantiquaria00sewegoog/page/n339 324]|quote=telugu inscriptions in nellore.|title=Lists of the Antiquarian Remains in the Presidency of Madras|first=Robert|last=Sewell|date=17 May 1882|publisher=E. Keys, at the Government Press|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.printsasia.in/book/copper-plate-and-stone-inscriptions-of-south-india-allan-butterworth-v-venugopaul-chetty|title=Copper Plate and Stone Inscriptions of South India 3 Vols. 1st Edition : Printsasia.in|website=www.printsasia.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/socialscientist/pager.html?objectid=HN681.S597_269-71_012.gif|title=Social Scientist, issues 269-71, Oct-Dec 1995, page 10. -- The Social Scientist -- Digital South Asia Library|website=dsal.uchicago.edu}}</ref>

== Geography ==
Located in the [[Coastal Andhra]] region in [[Andhra Pradesh]] and also a [[Tondaimandalam|Tondai Nadu]] region, the district is bordered by the [[Bay of Bengal]] to the east, [[Kadapa district]] and [[Annamayya district]] to the west, [[Prakasam district]] to the north, and [[Tirupati district]] to the south.{{sfn|CPO|2022|p=1}}

=== Climate ===
Maximum temperature occur during the summer at {{convert|36|to|46|C}}, while the minimum temperature occurs during the winter at {{convert|23|to|25|C}}. The average annual rainfall of the district is {{convert|1080|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}, and reaches its peak during the southwest and northeast [[monsoon]]s.

== Demographics ==

Nellore district has a population of 24,69,712, of which 705,893 (28.58%) lived in urban areas based on the 2011 Census. It has a sex ratio of 983 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 5,04,941 (20.45%) and 2,15,452 (8.72%) of the population respectively.<ref name="demographics">{{cite web |title=District Census Hand Book – Prakasam |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/126/download/154/DH_2011_2818_PART_A_DCHB_PRAKASAM.pdf|website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>{{sfn|CPO|2022|p=9-10}}

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Nellore district (2011)<ref name="language"/>
|label1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]] |value1 = 88.34 |color1 = red
|label2 = [[Urdu]] |value2 = 9.56 |color2 = lightgreen
|label3 = Others |value3 = 2.10 |color3 = grey
}}

Based on the 2011 census, 88.34% of the population spoke [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and 9.56% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="language">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Andhra Pradesh |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10193/download/13305/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2800.XLSX |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

88.71% of people follow Hinduism while 10.73% of people follow Islam.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web|date=2011|title=Population by Religion - Andhra Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11363/download/14476/DDW28C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Nellore district (2011)
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|88.11}}
{{bar percent|[[Andhra Muslims|Islam]]|green|10.73}}
{{bar percent|[[Telugu Christians|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|0.87}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.49}}
|caption=Distribution of religions
}}

== Administrative divisions ==
=== Mandals ===

The following  lists the 38 mandals in Nellore district by their revenue division.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-03 |title=New AP Map: Check Out Biggest and Smallest Districts in Andhra Pradesh |url=https://english.sakshi.com/news/andhrapradesh/heres-how-new-ap-map-looks-after-districts-reorganization-153041 |access-date=2022-05-03 |website=Sakshi Post |language=en}}</ref>
{{Div col}} 
# [[Atmakur revenue division, Nellore district|Atmakur revenue division]]
## [[Ananthasagaram mandal|Ananthasagaram]]
## [[Anumasamudrampeta mandal|Anumasamudrampeta]]
## [[Atmakur mandal, Nellore district|Atmakur]]
## [[Chejerla mandal|Chejerla]]
## [[Kaluvoya mandal|Kaluvoya]]
## [[Marripadu mandal|Marripadu]]
## [[Sangam mandal|Sangam]]
## [[Seetharamapuram mandal|Seetharamapuram]]
## [[Udayagiri mandal|Udayagiri]]
# [[Kandukur revenue division]]
## [[Gudluru mandal|Gudluru]]
## [[Kandukur mandal|Kandukur]]
## [[Kondapuram mandal|Kondapuram]]
## [[Lingasamudram mandal|Lingasamudram]]
## [[Ulavapadu mandal|Ulavapadu]]
## [[Varikuntapadu mandal|Varikuntapadu]]
## [[Voletivaripalem mandal|Voletivaripalem]]
# [[Kavali revenue division]]
## [[Allur mandal|Allur]]
## [[Bogole mandal|Bogole]]
## [[Dagadarthi mandal|Dagadarthi]]
## [[Duttalur mandal|Duttalur]]
## [[Jaladanki mandal|Jaladanki]]
## [[Kaligiri mandal|Kaligiri]]
## [[Kavali mandal|Kavali]]
## [[Kodavalur mandal|Kodavalur]]
## [[Vidavalur mandal|Vidavalur]]
## [[Vinjamur mandal|Vinjamur]]
# [[Nellore revenue division]]
## [[Buchireddipalem mandal|Buchireddipalem]]
## [[Indukurpet mandal|Indukurpet]]
## [[Kovur mandal|Kovur]]
## [[Manubolu mandal|Manubolu]]
## [[Muthukur mandal|Muthukur]]
## [[Nellore Rural mandal|Nellore Rural]]
## [[Nellore Urban mandal|Nellore Urban]]
## [[Podalakur mandal|Podalakur]]
## [[Rapur mandal|Rapur]]
## [[Sydapuram mandal|Sydapuram]]
## [[Thotapalli Gudur mandal|Thotapalli Gudur]]
## [[Venkatachalam mandal|Venkatachalam]]
{{Div end}}

==Politics ==
===Parliament segments ===
*[[Nellore (Lok Sabha constituency)]]
* [[Tirupati (Lok Sabha constituency)]](partial).

===Assembly constituency===
The district has the following [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] segments:<ref name="ceo">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|publisher=The Election Commission of India|page=31}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!width="50px" style="font-size:75%"|Constituency number
!Name
!style="font-size:75%"|Reserved for<br/>([[Dalit|SC]]/[[Adivasi|ST]]/None)
!Parliament
|-
|119
|[[Sarvepalli (Assembly constituency)|Sarvepalli]]
|None
|[[Tirupati Lok Sabha constituency|Tirupati]]
|-
|109
|[[Kandukur (Assembly constituency)|Kandukur]]
|None
| rowspan="7" |[[Nellore Lok Sabha constituency|Nellore]]
|-
|114
|[[Kavali (Assembly constituency)|Kavali]]
|None
|-
|115
|[[Atmakur (Assembly constituency)|Atmakur]]
|None
|-
|116
|[[Kovur (Assembly constituency)|Kovuru]]
|None
|-
|117
|[[Nellore City (Assembly constituency)|Nellore City]]
|None
|-
|118
|[[Nellore Rural (Assembly constituency)|Nellore Rural]]
|None
|-
|123
|[[Udayagiri (Assembly constituency)|Udayagiri]]
|None
|}

The district has four revenue divisions namely Kandukuru, Kavali, Atmakur and Nellore. These revenue divisions are divided into 38 [[mandal]]s, which consist of 1,177 [[villages]] and 12 towns (urban settlements). A total of 940 gram panchayats exist in the district.  The statutory towns consist of one [[municipal corporation]] (Nellore) and Three [[municipalities]] (Atmakur ,Kavali and [[Kandukur]]).<ref name="division">{{cite web |title=Geographic Information |url=http://nellore.ap.nic.in/geography.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131055726/http://nellore.ap.nic.in/geography.htm |archive-date=31 January 2015 |access-date=22 October 2014 |publisher=Nellore District Official Website |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="census">{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook – Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2819_PART_B_DCHB_SRI%20POTTI%20SRIIAMULU%20NELLORE.pdf|website=Census of India|access-date=18 January 2015|page=26,56}}</ref>

== Cities and towns ==
The district has one municipal corporation at Nellore and three municipalities at  Kavali, Kandukur and Atmakur. {{sfn|CPO|2022|p=2}}
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of Cities/towns in Nellore District
!City/Town !! Civic status !!Revenue division !! Population
|-
| [[Nellore]]
| Municipal corporation
| Nellore
| 558,548
|-
| [[Kavali]]
| Municipality Grade - 1
| Kavali
| 90,099
|-
| [[Kandukur]]
| Municipality Grade - 2
| Kandukur
| 57,246
|-
| [[Atmakur, Nellore district|Atmakur]]
| Municipality Grade - 3
| Atmakur
| 30,556
|}

== Transport ==
===Road===
[[National Highway 16 (India)|NH 16]], [[National Highway 67 (India)|NH 67]], [[National Highway 565 (India)|NH 565]] are the national highways that pass through the district.

===Rail===
Gudur - Vijayawada railway line passes through the district.

===Nellore Airport===
{{Infobox airport
| name = Nellore Airport
| nativename-a = {{nobold|{{lang|te|నెల్లూరు విమానాశ్రయం}}}}
| nativename-r = {{small|''Nellūru Vimānāśrayaṃ''}}
| image = 
| caption =
| IATA = 
| ICAO = 
| type = Public
| owner = 
| operator = 
| city-served = [[Nellore]]
| location = [[Dagadarthi]]
| timezone = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc = +5:30
| metric-elev = 
| elevation-m = 24
| elevation-f = 78.7
| coordinates = {{Coord|14|41|38|N|079|56|34|E|display=inline}}
| website = {{url|apadcl.com}}
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh#India
| r1-number = 
| r1-length-m = 
| r1-length-f =
| r1-surface = 
}}
'''Nellore Airport''' is a proposed [[greenfield airport]] project near [[Dagadarthi]], [[India]], intended to serve the Nellore district. The airport is to be developed on {{Convert|1352|acre|km2}} of land with an estimated cost of {{INRConvert|368|c|year=2019}}.

==== Planning ====
In 2008, the government of Andhra Pradesh invited for expressions of interest to develop eight minor airports in the state, including an airport at Nellore. Each airport was expected to cost {{INRConvert|50|c|year=2008}}. The airports were to be built in {{Convert|500|-|600|acre|km2|abbr=on}} with a runway length of {{Convert|6000|ft|m}}. The construction of this airport was chosen because Nellore is strategically situated between Vijayawada and Chennai, and [[Krishnapatnam Port]] is situated about {{Convert|25|km|abbr=on}} from the city.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Chowdhury|first=Anirban|date=19 January 2008|title=Andhra plans 8 small airports|work=Rediff India Abroad|url=https://www.rediff.com/money/2008/jan/19ap.htm|url-status=live|access-date=18 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503025310/http://www.rediff.com:80/money/2008/jan/19ap.htm|archive-date=3 May 2008}}</ref> However, AAI has rejected this proposal citing insufficient land available for the construction of the airport.<ref>{{Cite news|last=C.R.|first=Sukumar|date=2 October 2009|title=Andhra to invite bids for 4 airports with new incentives|work=Mint|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/hLC4Cp6ZwP7ahEUnNrAolM/Andhra-to-invite-bids-for-4-airports-with-new-incentives.html|url-status=live|access-date=27 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210404115855/https://www.livemint.com/Politics/hLC4Cp6ZwP7ahEUnNrAolM/Andhra-to-invite-bids-for-4-airports-with-new-incentives.html|archive-date=4 April 2021}}</ref>

In 2013, [[Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)|Ministry of Civil Aviation]] had identified Nellore airport as one of the 50 locations across the country for low-cost airports to be built by the AAI. These airports would be built with bare minimum facilities for aircraft to operate, without compromising on safety and security.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Mukherjee|first=Sharmistha|date=5 July 2014|title=Centre to focus on low-cost airports along tourist circuits|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/centre-to-focus-on-low-cost-airports-along-tourist-circuits-114070300950_1.html|url-status=live|access-date=19 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007153750/https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/centre-to-focus-on-low-cost-airports-along-tourist-circuits-114070300950_1.html|archive-date=7 October 2019}}</ref>

In September 2017, the government of Andhra Pradesh solicited proposals for development of a no-frills [[greenfield airport]] at [[Dagadarthi]] under a [[Public–private partnership|public-private partnership]]. The development proposal by SCL-Turbo Consortium Pvt. Ltd. was accepted, along with the associated draft concession agreement and financial stipulations.<ref name="thehansindia">{{cite news|title=Dagadarthi airport works awarded to Turbo Consortium |url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2017-09-17/Dagadarthi-airport-works-awarded-to-Turbo-Consortium-/327144 |publisher=[[The Hans India]] |date= 17 September 2017 |access-date=27 March 2018}}</ref> The Arafath Group and ADP Ingénierie was to construct and operate the airport.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arafathgroupofindustries.info/air-port|title=WELCOME TO ARAFATH GROUPS OF INDUSTRIES|website=ARAFATH GROUPS OF INDUSTRIES|language=en-IN|access-date=2019-06-18|archive-date=25 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925044530/https://arafathgroupofindustries.info/air-port|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.adp-i.com/en/projects/design-new-greenfield-airport-nellore-indian-state-andhra-pradesh|title=Design for a new greenfield airport at Nellore in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh {{!}} ADP Ingénierie|website=www.adp-i.com|language=en|access-date=2019-06-18}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=April 2021}} SCL Turbo has formed a [[Special-purpose entity|special purpose vehicle]] (SPV) Nellore International Airport Private Limited for the construction.<ref name="HBL" />

==== Construction ====
The airport was to be developed on {{Convert|1352|acre|km2}} of land with an estimated cost of {{INRConvert|368|c|year=2019}}.<ref name="TNIE">{{cite news|date=9 August 2019|title=Airports Authority of India to develop greenfield airport in Nellore|publisher=[[The New Indian Express]]|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2019/aug/09/airports-authority-of-india-to-develop-greenfield-airport-in-nellore-2016240.html|access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref> The project had received all clearances and approvals from various agencies. As per the agreement, the financial closure for the project was to be achieved by December 2018.<ref name="HBL" /> On January 26, 2018, during his [[Republic Day (India)|Republic Day]] speech, the [[District Collector]] R. Mutyala Raju announced that the acquisition of land for the airport was nearly completed.<ref name="thehindu">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/foundation-stone-for-dagadarthi-airport-soon-nellore-collector/article22531903.ece|title=Foundation stone for Dagadarthi airport soon: Nellore Collector|date=27 January 2018|access-date=27 March 2018|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

The foundation stone was laid by then Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister [[N. Chandrababu Naidu]] on January 10, 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|last=MN|first=Samdani|date=11 January 2019|title=Andhra Pradesh CM Chandrababu Naidu lays foundation stone for new airport in Nellore|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/andhra-pradesh-cm-chandrababu-naidu-lays-foundation-stone-for-new-airport-in-nellore/articleshow/67487189.cms|url-status=live|access-date=19 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102174541/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/andhra-pradesh-cm-chandrababu-naidu-lays-foundation-stone-for-new-airport-in-nellore/articleshow/67487189.cms|archive-date=2 January 2020}}</ref> However, the [[YSR Congress Party]] led government, which was elected in May that year, moved to review all the major decisions taken by the previous government.<ref name="OL1">{{cite news|title=Mass scrapping of ex-govt's decisions in Andhra unprecedented |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/mass-scrapping-of-exgovts-decisions-in-andhra-unprecedented/1601787 |publisher=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)| Outlook]] |date= 22 August 2020 |access-date=31 July 2020}}</ref> In August 2019, the new government terminated its contract with Nellore International Airport Private Limited to develop the airport. The government said it would complete the project by handing the airport over to the AAI.<ref name="TNIE" /> In July 2020, the government formally scrapped the concession agreement signed with the SCL Turbo consortium.<ref name="HBL">{{cite news|last=P|first=Manoj|date=30 July 2020|title=AP scraps Nellore greenfield airport contract awarded to SCL-Turbo consortium|work=[[The Hindu Businessline]]|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/ap-scraps-nellore-greenfield-airport-contract-awarded-to-scl-turbo-consortium/article32227349.ece|url-status=live|access-date=31 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828175152/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/ap-scraps-nellore-greenfield-airport-contract-awarded-to-scl-turbo-consortium/article32227349.ece|archive-date=28 August 2020}}</ref> Later in November same year, the government has invited fresh bids from national and international companies for the construction of the airport.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bandari|first=Pavan Kumar|date=19 November 2020|title=AP govt. invites tenders for Dagadarthi airport in Nellore district|work=The Hans India|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/ap-govt-invites-tenders-for-dagadarthi-airport-in-nellore-district-657144|url-status=live|access-date=19 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119045717/https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/ap-govt-invites-tenders-for-dagadarthi-airport-in-nellore-district-657144|archive-date=19 November 2020}}</ref>

After the government approved the report on Dec 21st 2021, It's expected that the first phase work could start as soon as April 2022.

==Tourism==

Talpagiri Ranganathaswamy temple in Nellore is situated on the banks of the river Pennar. It is more than 600 years old. Translation of Maha Bharatam was said to be done by the poet Tikkana based at this place. Lord Narasimha appears as a huge of rock in ‘Yoga mudra' in [[Penchalakona]]. The deity is known as Somasila Narasimhaswamy. It is one of the Nava Narasimhas (nine manifestations). Chengalamma Parameswari temple lies in the village of [[Sullurpeta]]. It was built on the banks of the Kanlangi river. Chengalamma Jatara is celebrated here. [[Somasila Dam|Somasila dam]] on Pennar river,  [[Kandaleru Dam|Kandaleru dam]] on Kandaleru river are popular with tourists. [[Udayagiri Fort]] at a height of 3079 feet is in ruins.  Ranganatha temple, Balakrishna mandiram, Paruveta Mandapam, Chinna Masjid and pedda Masjid  reflect the various culture of the rulers.<ref>{{Cite book |title=AP Tourism E-Brochure Nandyal district |url=https://aptourism.gov.in/media-data/brouchers/39-10a4458b472ed3c796fd09024ce115630432e371.pdf|access-date=2023-06-28 |year=2023 }}</ref> [[Mypadu Beach]], Koduru Beach ({{coord|14.413236|80.172975}}) are popular beaches in the district.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://spsnellore.ap.gov.in/eco-tourism/ |title=Eco-tourism |date= |access-date=2023-06-30 |website=SPS Nellore district, Government of AP}}</ref>

==Notable people ==
Among the politicians, [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] rose to position of [[President of India]] and [[Vice President of India]] and [[Venkaiah Naidu]] rose to the position of  [[Vice President of India]]. [[Bezawada Gopala Reddy]] and [[N. Janardhana Reddy]] worked as chief ministers of unified [[Andhra Pradesh]]. [[Puchalapalli Sundarayya]] was one of the founding members of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]. [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]],  [[M. S. Reddy]] [[Singeetam Srinivasa Rao]], [[A. Kodandarami Reddy]] and  [[Vanisri]] are some of the famous people of film industry. [[Gunturu Seshendra Sarma]], [[T. Subbarami Reddy]], [[Malli Mastan Babu]], [[Ashwin Hebbar]] are also some of the popular personalities from other domains.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

===Books===
{{Cite book|url=https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s39c82c7143c102b71c593d98d96093fde/uploads/2022/08/2022082078.pdf|title=Handbook of statistics - 2020 SPS Nellore District |author=CPO|year=2022|access-date=2023-03-06}}

== Further reading ==
*{{Cite book|last=Prasad|first=Durga|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pIzFrQEACAAJ|title=History of the Andhras Up to 1565 A D|publisher=P G Publishers|year=1946|location=Guntur|language=en|oclc=896641610}}

== External links ==
{{Sister project links| wikt=no | commons=Category:Nellore district | b=no | n=no | q=no | s=no | v=no | voy=no | species=no | d=Q15383}}

* [https://spsnellore.ap.gov.in/ Official website]
* [https://overpass-turbo.eu/map.html?Q=%2F*%0AShow%20Mandals%20with%20English%20labels%20for%20Andhra%20Pradesh%0A*%2F%0A%5Bout%3Ajson%5D%5Btimeout%3A25%5D%3B%0Aarea%5Bname%3D%22Andhra%20Pradesh%22%5D-%3E.b%3B%0Arel(area.b)%5Bname%3D%22Sri%20Potti%20Sriramulu%20Nellore%22%5D%3B%0Amap_to_area%20-%3E%20.searchArea%3B%0A(%0A%20%20relation%5B%22admin_level%22%3D%226%22%5D(area.searchArea)%3B%0A)%3B%0A%2F%2F%20print%20results%0Aout%20body%20geom%3B%0A%0A%0A%0A%0A%0A%7B%7Bstyle%3A%20%0A%20%20node%2Cway%2Crelation%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20text%3Aeval(%27tag(%22name%22)%27)%3B%0A%7D%0A%20%7D%7D Mandals of Nellore district - Interactive Overpass-turbo OSM map]
{{Geographic location
|Centre = Nellore district
|North = [[Prakasam district]]
|Northeast =
|East = ''[[Bay of Bengal]]''
|Southeast = |South = [[Tirupati district]]
|Southwest = [[Annamayya district]]
|West = [[Kadapa district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Cities and towns in Sri Amarajeevi Potti Sri Ramulu Nellore district}}
{{Districts of Andhra Pradesh}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Nellore district| ]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Districts of Andhra Pradesh]]