View source for Public security

{{Short description|Activity to ensure the safety and security of the public}}
{{Other uses}}
[[File:Republican Guard Élysée Palace 1.JPG|thumb|A member of the [[Republican Guard (France)|Republican Guard]] of the [[National Gendarmerie]] of [[France]]]]

'''Public security''' or '''public safety''' is the prevention of and protection from events that could endanger the [[safety]] and [[security]] of the [[public]] from significant [[Risk|danger]], [[injury]], or [[property damage]]. It is often conducted by a [[State (polity)|state]] [[government]] to ensure the protection of citizens, persons in their territory, organizations, and institutions against threats to their well-being, survival, and prosperity.<ref>{{cite web |title=Maritime Domain Awareness in the Canadian Safety and Security Program |url=http://cradpdf.drdc-rddc.gc.ca/PDFS/unc131/p538238_A1b.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130333/http://cradpdf.drdc-rddc.gc.ca/PDFS/unc131/p538238_A1b.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04 |date=December 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The public safety issues that a [[municipality]], [[county]], [[Region|regional]], or [[Federation|federal jurisdiction]] may handle include [[Crime|crimes]] (ranging from [[Misdemeanor|misdemeanors]] to [[Felony|felonies]]), [[Structure fire|structure fires]], [[Conflagration|conflagrations]], [[Medical emergency|medical emergencies]], [[Mass-casualty incident|mass-casualty incidents]], [[Disaster|disasters]], [[terrorism]], and other concerns.

'''Public safety organizations''' are organizations that conduct public safety. They generally consist of [[Emergency service|emergency services]] and [[First responder|first responders]] such as [[law enforcement]], [[Fire department|fire services]], [[emergency medical services]], [[security forces]], and [[military]] forces. They are often operated by a government, though some private public safety organizations exist where possible.

== Framework ==
[[File:Brampton ON Emergency-Services 2021-12-10.jpg|thumb|Emergency services at the scene of an incident in [[Brampton]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]]]
[[Organised crime|Organized crime]] and international [[terrorism]] are hardly deterred by geographical, linguistic, or financial barriers. The latter has largely contributed to public security becoming an important political and economic issue, nationally as well as internationally. Politics, public organizations and businesses closely collaborate to guarantee public security and maintain a stable environment for economic prosperity.

Although public security significantly contributes to the attractiveness of a location, the productivity of its people, and hence the overall success of an economy, the sector frequently suffers from low budgets, limited resources, and inadequate information systems. Large events, [[pandemic]]s, severe [[accident]]s, environmental [[disaster]]s, and [[terrorism|terrorist]] attacks pose additional threats to public security and order.

The police, federal police and border authorities nonetheless need to warrant the security of the country as a fundamental prerequisite for the domestic political ability to act. The quality and scope of potential threats have changed significantly, and the tasks and general framework for the police, federal police and border authorities have changed accordingly.
== Public safety organizations ==

=== National ===
*[[Law enforcement agency#Federal responsibilities|Federal law enforcement agency]]
*[[Criminal Investigation Department|Criminal investigation department]]
*[[Border patrol]]
*[[Gendarmerie]]
*Ministry or department of [[Ministry of home affairs|interior]], [[Justice minister|justice]], or [[Department of public safety|public safety]]

=== Regional ===
*[[County police]]
*[[Sheriff]] or [[constable]]'s office
*[[State trooper]] or [[provincial police]]

=== Local ===
*[[Police department]] or [[marshal]]
*[[Fire department|Fire services]]
*[[Emergency medical services]]
*Local government
*Municipal [[Public relations|public affairs]] office

== Sub-sectors ==
=== Law enforcement ===
*[[Law enforcement agency#natpol|National or federal police]]
*[[Regional police|Regional]], [[State police|state]], and [[local police]]

=== Intelligence and information sharing ===
*[[Intelligence agency|Intelligence services]]
*[[private investigator|Investigator services]]
*[[Secret service]]s

=== Emergency ===
*[[Emergency medical services]]
*[[Fire department|Fire service]]
*[[Police]]
*[[Park ranger]]
*[[Ocean Safety Lifeguard]]
*[[Search and rescue]]

=== Justice ===
*[[Court]]s
**[[Judge]]s
**[[Jury|Juries]]
**[[Lawyer]]s and [[advocate]]s
*[[Forensic science|Forensic]]
*[[Justice minister|Justice ministry]]
*[[Prison officer]]s

=== Interior ===
*[[Border control|Border]] and [[Port authority|port authorities]]
*[[Coast guard]]
*[[Customer service]]s
*[[Home guard]]

=== Technique ===
*[[Crowd control]]
*[[Riot control]]

==Organizations==
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* By [[nation]]
** In Australia, [[Australian Institute of Public Safety]], [[Australian Federal Police]]<ref>{{cite web |title=QFES |url=https://www.qfes.qld.gov.au/Pages/default.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115121931/https://www.qfes.qld.gov.au/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=November 15, 2016 |url-status=deviated}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Public Safety Business Agency |url=http://www.psba.qld.gov.au/Pages/default.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150805232658/http://www.psba.qld.gov.au/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=August 5, 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
** In Brazil, [[National Secretariat of Public Safety]]
** In Canada, [[Public Safety Canada]]
** In France, [[Committee of Public Safety]]
** In Japan, [[National Public Safety Commission (Japan)]]
** In South Korea, [[Ministry of the Interior and Safety (South Korea)]]
** In United Kingdom, [[Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety]] (Northern Ireland only)
** In United States, [[United States Department of Homeland Security]], [[Department of Public Safety]]
** In Mongolia, [[State Emergency Commission (Mongolia)]]
** Formerly [[Public Security (Czechoslovakia)]] with Czechoslovakia
* [[Airport security]]
* [[Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials-International]]
* [[Civil defense]]
* [[Civil defense sirens]]
* [[Common Alerting Protocol]]
* [[Consumer Product Safety Commission]]
* [[Emergency management]]
* [[Emergency telephone number]]
* [[Firefighting]]
*[[Neighborhood Watch]]
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* [[Food safety]]
* [[Guardian Angels]]
* [[Good safety practice]]
* [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]]
* [[Natural disaster]]
* [[No-go area]]
* [[Occupational safety and health]]
* [[Office of Emergency Management]]
* [[Personal protective equipment]]
* [[Police]]
* [[Public health]]
* [[Public safety network]]
* [[Risk]]
* [[Road traffic safety]]
* [[Safety engineering]]
* [[SafetyLit]]

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== See also ==
* [[Homeland security]]
* [[Internal security]]
* [[Justice]]
* [[Law enforcement agency|Law enforcement]]
* [[Societal security]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{Commonscatinline}}
* [[Murray N. Rothbard]]: ''The Public Sector, III:'' [https://www.mises.org/rothbard/newliberty11.asp ''Police, Law, and the Courts''] aus [https://www.mises.org/rothbard/newliberty.asp ''For a New Liberty: The Libertarian Manifesto'']

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Public Security}}
[[Category:Emergency services]]
[[Category:Crime]]
[[Category:Law enforcement]]
[[Category:Justice]]
[[Category:Paramilitary]]
[[Category:Public sphere|Security]]
[[Category:Public safety| ]]
[[Category:Public safety communications]]