View source for SMS G10

{{short description|1912 German V1-class torpedo boat}}
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{{Infobox ship career
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|Ship country=[[German Empire]]
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|German Empire|naval}}
|Ship name=SMS ''G10''
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|Ship namesake=
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|Ship builder=[[Germaniawerft]], [[Kiel]]
|Ship laid down=
|Ship launched=15 March 1912
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|Ship completed=28 August 1912
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|Ship fate=Scuttled 5 May 1945
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|Ship class={{sclass|V1|torpedo boat}}
|Ship displacement={{convert|573|t|LT|abbr=on}} design
|Ship length={{convert|71.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[length overall|o/a]]
|Ship beam={{convert|7.6|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|3.0|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft=
|Ship propulsion=* 4 × boilers
* 2 × Germania [[steam turbine]]s
|Ship power={{convert|16000|PS|shp kW|abbr=on}}
|Ship speed={{convert|32|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}}
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=74
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|Ship armament=* 2× 8.8 cm guns
*4× 50 cm torpedo tubes
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'''SMS ''G10'''''{{#tag:ref| "SMS" stands for "''[[Seiner Majestät Schiff]]''" ({{trans|His Majesty's Ship)|group=lower-alpha}}|group=lower-alpha}}{{#tag:ref|The "G" in ''G10'' denoted the shipbuilder who constructed the ship, in this case Germaniawerft.<ref name="conways06 p164">{{Harvnb|Gardiner|Gray|1985|p=164}}</ref>|group=lower-alpha}} was a [[V1-class torpedo boat|''V1''-class]] large [[torpedo boat]] of the [[Imperial German Navy]]. She was built by the [[Germaniawerft]] shipyard at [[Kiel]] between 1911 and 1912, completing on 28 August 1912.

''G10'' served through the [[First World War]], taking part in the [[Battle of Heligoland Bight (1914)|Battle of Heligoland Bight]] in 1914 and the [[Battle of Jutland]] in 1916. Following the end of the war, the ship continued to serve with the [[Weimar Republic]]'s ''[[Reichsmarine]]'' and [[Nazi Germany]]'s ''[[Kriegsmarine]]''. In 1936, ''G10'' became a training vessel, and in 1939 was renamed '''''T110'''''. She was scuttled on 5 May 1945.

==Design and construction==
In the first decade of the 20th century, the [[Imperial German Navy]] had generally ordered twelve large torpedo boats (''Große Torpedoboote'') as part of each year's construction programme, with a gradual evolution of design in each year's orders, with speed, range and seaworthiness improving year-on-year. These changes resulted in the ships becoming larger, and concerns grew that the torpedo boats were becoming too big to manoeuvre in and out of the battle fleet. For the 1911 [[fiscal year]]'s orders, it was decided to revert to a smaller design, with the numbering system for torpedo boats restarting as a consequence.<ref name=conways06p164>{{harvnb|Gardiner|Gray|1985|p=164}}</ref> As was normal practice, that year's order was split between two shipyards, with six (''V1''–''V6'') to be built by [[AG Vulcan]] and six (''G7''–''G12'') by [[Germaniawerft]], with detailed design differing between the two shipyards.<ref>{{Harvnb|Gardiner|Gray|1985|pp=164, 167}}</ref>

Germaniawerft's design was {{convert|71.5|m|ftin}} [[length overall|long overall]] and {{convert|71.0|m|ftin}} [[Length between perpendiculars|between perpendiculars]], with a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|7.56|m|ftin}} and a [[Draft (ship)|draught]] of {{convert|3.09|m|ftin}}. [[Displacement (ship)|Displacement]] was {{convert|573|t|LT}} design and {{convert|719|t|LT}} full load.<ref name="grov2 p51">{{Harvnb| Gröner|Jung|Maass|1983|p=51}}</ref>

Three coal-fired and one oil-fired [[water-tube boiler]] fed steam at a pressure of {{convert|18|atm|psi}} to two sets of direct-drive [[steam turbine]]s. The ship's machinery was rated at {{convert|16000|PS|shp kW|abbr=on}} giving a design speed of {{convert|32|kn|mph km/h}}.<ref name="grov2 p51"/> 110 tons of coal and 80 tons of oil fuel were carried, giving an endurance of {{convert|1150|nmi|mi km}} at {{convert|17|kn|mph km/h}}.<ref name="conways06 p167">{{Harvnb|Gardiner|Gray|1985|p=167}}</ref>

The ship was armed with two [[8.8 cm SK L/30 naval gun]]s, (replaced by [[8.8 cm SK L/45 naval gun]]s in 1916),<ref name="grov2 p51"/> one on the [[forecastle]] and one aft. Four single 50&nbsp;cm (19.7&nbsp;in) torpedo tubes were fitted, with two on the ship's beam in the gap between the forecastle and the ship's [[Bridge (ship)|bridge]] which were capable of firing straight ahead, and two on the ship's centreline aft of the funnels.<ref name="conways06 p167"/><ref name="jfww1 p117">{{Harvnb|Moore|1990|p=117}}</ref> 18 [[Sea mine|mines]] could be carried.<ref name="grov2 p51"/> The ship had a crew of 74 officers and men.<ref name="conways06 p167"/>

''G10'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]] at Germaniawerft's [[Kiel]] shipyard as [[yard number]] 173,<ref name="grov2 p51"/> was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 15 March 1912 and completed on 28 August 1912.<ref name="grov2 p52">{{harvnb|Gröner|Jung|Maass|1983|p=52}}</ref>

===Modifications===
In 1916, ''G10'' had her guns replaced by [[8.8 cm SK L/45 naval gun]]s.<ref name="grov2 p51"/> In 1921 the 8.8&nbsp;cm guns were replaced by two 10.5&nbsp;cm L/45 guns and the ship's [[forecastle]] lengthened.<ref name="grov2 p51-2">{{Harvnb|Gröner|Jung|Maass|1983|pp=51–52}}</ref> From 1928 to 1931, the remaining Germaniawerft-built ships of the class (i.e. {{SMS|G7||2}}, {{SMS|G8||2}}, ''G10'' and {{SMS|G11||2}}) were rebuilt at [[Wilhelmshaven]]. They were lengthened to {{convert|76.1|m|ftin}} overall and {{convert|75.7|m|ftin}} between perpendiculars, with a beam of {{convert|7.58|m|ftin}} and a draught of {{convert|3.13|m|ftin}}. Three oil-fired boilers replaced the existing boilers, with speed dropping to {{convert|30|kn|mph km/h}}, but range increasing to {{convert|1900|nmi|mi km}} at 17 knots. Displacement increased to {{convert|772|t|LT}} design and {{convert|884|t|LT}} full load.<ref name="grov2 p51"/> On conversion to a training role from 1936, the ship's forward gun was removed and her [[Bridge (nautical)|bridge]] enlarged.<ref>{{Harvnb|Dodson|2019|p=143}}</ref> By 1944, armament was a single 10.5&nbsp;cm gun mounted aft, with two 20&nbsp;mm anti-aircraft guns.<ref name="grov2 p51"/>

==Service==
On commissioning, ''G10'' joined the 10th Half Flotilla of the 5th Torpedo boat flotilla, and remained in that flotilla in April 1914.<ref>{{cite book|title=Rangelist der Kaiserlich Deutschen Marine für Das Jahr 1913|year=1913|publisher=Ernst Siegfried Mittler und Sohn|location=Berlin|page=62|via=Heinrich Hein Universität Düsseldorf|language=de|url=http://digital.ub.uni-duesseldorf.de/ihd/periodical/pageview/8155040}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Rangelist der Kaiserlich Deutschen Marine für Das Jahr 1914|year=1914|publisher=Ernst Siegfried Mittler und Sohn|location=Berlin|page=64|via=Heinrich Hein Universität Düsseldorf| language=de|url=http://digital.ub.uni-duesseldorf.de/ihd/periodical/pageview/8162604}}</ref>

===First World War===
''G10'' was still a member of the 10th Half-flotilla of the 5th Torpedo boat flotilla of the German [[High Seas Fleet]] on the outbreak of war.<ref>{{Harvnb|Fock|1989|p=347}}</ref> On 28 August 1914, the British [[Harwich Force]], supported by light cruisers and battlecruisers of the [[Grand Fleet]], carried out a [[Battle of Heligoland Bight (1914)|raid]] towards [[Heligoland]] with the intention of destroying patrolling German torpedo boats.<ref>{{Harvnb|Massie|2007|pp=97–101}}</ref> The German defensive patrols around Heligoland consisted of one flotilla (I Torpedo Flotilla) of 12 modern torpedo boats forming an outer patrol line about {{convert|25|nmi|mi km}} North and West of Heligoland, with an inner line of older torpedo boats of the 3rd Minesweeping Division at about {{convert|12|nmi|mi km}}. The 5th Torpedo boat flotilla, together with four German light cruisers, waited near Heligoland in support.<ref>{{Harvnb|Naval Staff Monograph No. 11|1921|pp=119, 122, 162}}</ref> The 5th Torpedo Boat Flotilla, including ''G10'', were sent out from [[Heligoland]] to investigate sightings of British submarines, and ran into several British destroyers. The Flotilla then turned away to try and escape the trap, but the torpedo boat {{SMS|V1||2}}, which along with {{SMS|S13|1911|2}} could not make full speed and lagged behind the rest of the flotilla, was hit by British shells before the arrival of the German cruiser {{SMS|Stettin||2}} allowed the 5th Flotilla to escape.<ref name="castles p98-9,102-4">{{Harvnb|Massie|2007|pp=98–99, 102–104}}</ref><ref name="mono11 p122-3,62">{{Harvnb|Naval Staff Monograph No. 11|1921|pp=122–123, 162}}</ref> The torpedo boat {{SMS|V187||2}} of the outer screen did not manage to evade the British force and was sunk. The intervention of the supporting British forces resulted in the sinking of the German cruisers {{SMS|Mainz||2}}, {{SMS|Cöln|1909|2}} and {{SMS|Ariadne|1900|2}}. The British light cruiser {{HMS|Arethusa|1913|2}} and destroyers {{HMS|Laurel|1913|2}}, {{HMS|Laertes|1913|2}} and {{HMS|Liberty|1913|2}} were badly damaged but safely returned to base.<ref>{{Harvnb|Massie|2007|pp=104–113}}</ref> ''G10'' was undamaged.<ref>{{harvnb|Naval Staff Monograph No. 11|1921|p=166}}</ref>

On 7–8 September 1915, the 5th and 9th Torpedo Boat Flotillas carried out a reconnaissance sweep in the [[German Bight]].<ref>{{harvnb|Fock|1989|p=363}}</ref> On the morning of 8 September 1915, when about {{convert|20|nmi|mi km|abbr=on}} south of the [[Horns Reef]] lightvessel, the torpedo boats {{SMS|V1||2}} and {{SMS|G12||2}} collided, sinking ''G12'' and badly damaging ''V1''.<ref name="conways06 p167"/><ref name="grov2 p52"/> ''G10'' and {{SMS|V6|1913|2}} assisted when the torpedo boat {{SMS|V3||2}} took ''V1'' under tow.<ref>{{harvnb|Groos|1924|p=283}}</ref>

''G10'' was still a member of the 10th Half-flotilla of the 5th Torpedo Boat Flotilla at the [[Battle of Jutland]] on 31 May – 1 June 1916. The 5th Flotilla supported the main force of the German [[High Seas Fleet]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Campbell|1998|pp=14, 25}}</ref> ''G10'' picked up some of the survivors from the British destroyers {{HMS|Nomad||2}} and {{HMS|Nestor|1915|2}}, which had previously been disabled and then sunk by fire from German battleships at about 18:30–18:35 [[Central European Time|CET]] (17:30–17:35 [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]).<ref>{{harvnb|Campbell|1998|p=101}}</ref> From about 20:15 CET, the German torpedo boat flotillas launched a series of torpedo attacks against the British battle line in order to cover the German fleet's turn away from the British. First to attack were the 6th and 9th Flotillas, followed by the 3rd Flotilla. At 20:38, the 5th Flotilla started an attack run, but it was unable to find the British battleline due to poor visibility caused by fog and smoke, and the attack was aborted.<ref>{{Harvnb|Massie|2007|pp=627, 629}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Campbell|1998|pp=210–215}}</ref> During the night action, the 5th Flotilla was ordered to search for and attack the British fleet, but failed to encounter the British battleships. While ''G10'' and sister ship {{SMS|G9||2}} did spot a "four-funneled cruiser" at about 01:00 on 1 June, they did not engage as they were not certain whether the ship was British or German.<ref>{{Harvnb|Campbell|1998|pp=261–263, 277, 283–284}}</ref>

''G10'' was part of the 5th Torpedo Boat Flotilla during the inconclusive [[Action of 19 August 1916]], when the German [[High Seas Fleet]] sailed to cover a sortie of the battlecruisers of the 1st Scouting Group.<ref>{{Harvnb| Naval Staff Monograph No. 33|1927|pp=93–95, 260}}</ref> By late April 1917, the torpedo boats of the 5th Torpedo Boat Flotilla had been fitted for minesweeping and their crews trained in that task, and became increasingly dedicated to minesweeping.<ref>{{Harvnb|Fock|1989|p=361}}</ref> ''G10'' remained a member of the 10th half-flotilla of the 5th Torpedo Boat Flotilla at the end of the First World War.<ref>{{harvnb|Fock|1989|p=348}}</ref>

===Postwar operations===
''G10'' survived the war, and was one of the twelve destroyers that Germany was allowed to retain under the [[Treaty of Versailles]].<ref name="conways22 p223">{{Harvnb|Gardiner|Chesneau|1980|p=223}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|Although treated as destroyers under the treaty, ''G10'' and other ships of her class were always referred to as torpedo boats by the Germans.<ref name="conways22 p223"/>|group=lower-alpha}} ''G10'' recommissioned into the [[Weimar Republic]]'s ''[[Reichsmarine]]'' during 1921, and was deployed to the Baltic.<ref>{{harvnb|Dodson|2019|p=140}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Fock|1989|p=81}}</ref>  She was modernised in the late 1920s, and was retained in active service after the entry into service of the new [[Type 23 torpedo boat|Type 23]] and [[Type 24 torpedo boat|Type 24]] torpedo boats allowed many of the older boats to be retired or moved to subsidiary duties.  In 1932, she was part of the 1st Half-flotilla of the 1st Torpedo Boat Flotilla.<ref name="whitp56">{{harvnb|Whitley|2000|p=56}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Fock|1989|p=87}}</ref> ''G10'' remained in service when the ''Reichsmarine'' became the ''[[Kriegsmarine]]'' following the [[Nazi seizure of power]] in 1933. She was still part of the active torpedo boat flotillas in 1935.<ref name="whitp56"/><ref>{{harvnb|Fock|1989|p=91}}</ref> She became a training ship in 1936, and was employed as a tender in a torpedo school.<ref name="dodp143">{{harvnb|Dodson|2019|p=143}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Lenton|1975|p=99}}</ref> On 23 April 1939, the ship was renamed ''T110'', to free up ''G10'' for a planned class of escort ships.<ref name="grov2 p52"/><ref name="dodp143"/>

''T110'' remained in use in training duties through the [[Second World War]], until she was scuttled at [[Travemünde]] on 5 May 1945, shortly before the [[End of World War II in Europe|end of the war in Europe]].<ref name="grov2 p52"/><ref name="dodp143"/>

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book |last=Campbell |first=John |title=Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting |year=1998 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=London |isbn=0-85177-750-3}}
* {{cite book |last1=Dodson |first1=Aidan |title=Warship 2019 |date=2019 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |location=Oxford, UK |isbn=978-1-4728-3595-6 |pages=129–144 |editor1-last=Jordan |editor1-first=John |chapter=Beyond the Kaiser: The IGN's Destroyers and Torpedo Boats After 1918}}
* {{cite book |last=Fock |first=Harald |title=Z-Vor! Internationale Entwicklung und Kriegseinsätze von Zerstörern und Torpedobooten 1914 bis 1939 |year=1989 |location=Herford, Germany |publisher=Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft mBH |isbn=3-7822-0207-4 |language=German}}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner |editor1-first=Robert |editor2-last=Chesneau |editor2-first=Robert |title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946 |year=1980 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=London |isbn=0-85177-146-7}}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner |editor1-first=Robert |editor2-last=Gray |editor2-first=Randal |title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921 |year=1985 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=London |isbn=0-85177-245-5}}
* {{cite book |last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |title=Die deutschen Kriegsschiffe 1815–1945: Band 2: Torpedoboote, Zerstörer, Schnellboote, Minensuchboote, Minenräumboote |year=1983 |publisher=Bernard & Graef Verlag |location=Koblenz |language=German |isbn=3-7637-4801-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Groos |first=O. |title=Der Krieg in der Nordsee: Vierter Band: Von Unfang Februar bis Dezember 1915 |series=Der Krieg zur See: 1914–1918 |year=1924 |location=Berlin |publisher=Verlag von E. S. Mittler und Sohn  |url=https://www.digar.ee/arhiiv/nlib-digar:134741 |via=National Library of Estonia}}
* {{cite book |last=Lenton |first=H. T. |title=German Warships of the Second World War |year=1975 |publisher=Macdonald and Jane's |location=London |isbn=0-356-04661-3}}
* {{cite book |last=Massie |first=Robert K. |title=Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany and the Winning of the Great War at Sea|year=2007 |publisher=Vintage Books |location=London |isbn=978-0-099-52378-9}}
* {{cite book |title=Monograph No. 11: Heligoland Bight—The Action of August 28, 1914 |series=Naval Staff Monographs (Historical) |volume=III |year=1921 |publisher=The Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division |pages=110–166 |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval-Staff-Monographs-Vol.III_opt.pdf#67 |ref={{harvid|Naval Staff Monograph No. 11|1921}}}}
* {{cite book |title=Monograph No. 33: Home Waters: Part VII: From June 1916 to November 1916 |series=Naval Staff Monographs (Historical) |volume= XVII |year=1927 |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/Naval-Staff-Monographs-Vol.XVII_opt.pdf |publisher=Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division |ref={{harvid|Naval Staff Monograph No. 33|1927}} }}
* {{cite book |last=Moore |first=John |title=Jane's Fighting Ships of World War I |year=1990 |publisher=Studio |location=London |isbn=1-85170-378-0}}
* {{cite book |last=Whitley |first=M. J. |title=Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia|year=2000 |publisher=Cassell & Co. |location=London |isbn=1-85409-521-8}}

{{V1 class destroyer}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:G10}}
[[Category:Torpedo boats of the Imperial German Navy]]
[[Category:World War I torpedo boats of Germany]]
[[Category:Ships built in Kiel]]
[[Category:1912 ships]]