View source for S and T-class destroyer

{{short description|Class of Royal Navy destroyers}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2017}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2013}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin|sclass=2}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=British T-class destroyer 1945.jpg
|Ship caption={{HMS|Terpsichore|R33|6}} in 1945
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name=S and T class
|Builders=*[[Hawthorn Leslie and Company]]
*[[John Brown & Company]]
*[[Cammell Laird]]
*[[William Denny and Brothers]]
*[[Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company]]
*[[J. Samuel White]]
*[[Swan Hunter]]
|Operators=*{{navy|United Kingdom|naval}}
*{{navy|Netherlands}}
*{{navy|Norway}}
|Class before={{sclass2|Q and R|destroyer|4}}
|Class after={{sclass2|U and V|destroyer|4}}
|Subclasses=S, T
|Cost=
|Built range=
|In service range=
|In commission range=
|Total ships building=
|Total ships planned=
|Total ships completed=16
|Total ships cancelled=
|Total ships active=
|Total ships laid up=
|Total ships lost=2
|Total ships retired=14
|Total ships preserved=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Header caption=
|Ship type=[[Destroyer]]
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|1710|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} - {{convert|1730|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} (standard nominal)
*{{convert|1780|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} - {{convert|1810|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} (actual)
*{{convert|2505|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} - {{convert|2545|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} (deep load)
|Ship length=*{{convert|339|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}} [[length between perpendiculars|pp]]
*{{convert|362|ft|9|in|m|abbr=on}} [[Length overall|oa]]
|Ship beam={{convert|35|ft|8|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|14|ft|2|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=*2 shaft Parsons geared turbines
*2 Admiralty 3-drum boilers
*{{convert|40,000|shp|lk=in|abbr=on}}
|Ship speed={{convert|36.75|kn|mph km/h}}
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=
|Ship boats=
|Ship complement=180-225
|Ship capacity=
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*4 × [[4.7 inch QF Mark IX|4.7-inch (120-mm) QF Mk IX guns]] (4×1)
*2 × [[Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60|40mm Bofors]] (1x2)
*8 × [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|QF 20&nbsp;mm Oerlikon]] anti-aircraft guns
*8 × [[British 21 inch torpedo|{{convert|21|inch|mm|adj=on|0}} torpedo]] [[torpedo tube|tubes]] (2×4)

|Ship armour=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

The '''S and T class''' was a [[ship class|class]] of sixteen [[destroyer]]s of the [[Royal Navy]] launched in 1942&ndash;1943. They were built as two flotillas, known as the '''5th''' and '''6th Emergency Flotilla''', and they served as [[Naval fleet|fleet]] and [[convoy]] escorts in [[World War II]].

==Design features==
The S class introduced the CP (central pivot) Mark XXII mounting for the [[4.7 inch QF Mark IX & XII|QF Mark IX 4.7 in]] guns. This new mounting had a shield with a sharply raked front, to allow increased elevation (to 55 degrees), contrasting noticeably with the vertical front of the previous CP Mark XVIII, and easily differentiated the S class onwards from their immediate predecessors. ''Savage'' was the exception in this respect, being fitted with four 4.5&nbsp;in guns; a twin mounting forward and two singles aft. These ships used the [[Fuze Keeping Clock]] HA Fire Control Computer.<ref>{{cite book|title=Destroyer Weapons of World War II |last=Hodges |first=Peter |last2=Friedman |first2=Norman |date=1979 |publisher=Harper Collins |isbn=0-85177-137-8}}</ref>

The quadruple mounting Mark VII for the [[QF 2-pounder naval gun|QF 2-pounder pom-pom]]s was replaced by the twin mounting Mark IV for the [[Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60|40&nbsp;mm Bofors gun]]. Known as the "[[Hazemeyer gun mount|Hazemeyer]]" (or "Haslemere"), this advanced mounting was tri-axially stabilised in order that a target could be kept in the sights on the pitching deck of a destroyer and was fitted with an analog fire control computer and Radar Type 282, a metric range-finding set. The Hazemeyer design had been brought to Britain by the [[Royal Netherlands Navy|Dutch]] minelayer ''[[HNLMS Willem van der Zaan (ML-2)|Willem van der Zaan]]'' that had escaped from the German occupation in May 1940.

The T class also was the first class to replace pole or tripod foremasts with lattice masts, which continued in subsequent War Emergency Flotillas.

==Ships in class==
===S class===
*{{HMS|Saumarez|G12|2}}
*{{HMS|Savage|G20|2}}
*{{HMS|Scorpion|G72|2}} (to [[Royal Dutch Navy]] as HNLMS ''Kortenaar'', 1945)
*{{HMS|Scourge|G01|2}} (to [[Royal Dutch Navy]] as HNLMS ''Evertsen'', 1946)
*{{HMS|Serapis|G94|2}} (to [[Royal Dutch Navy]] as HNLMS ''Piet Hein'', 1945)
*{{HMS|Shark|G03|2}} (to [[Royal Norwegian Navy|Norway]] as {{ship|HNoMS|Svenner||2}}) (lost on 6 June 1944)
*{{HMS|Success|G26|2}} (to [[Royal Norwegian Navy|Norway]] as {{ship|HNoMS|Stord|G26|2}})
*{{HMS|Swift|G46|2}} (lost on 24 June 1944)

===T class===
*{{HMS|Teazer|R23|2}}
*{{HMS|Tenacious|R45|2}}
*{{HMS|Termagant|R89|2}}
*{{HMS|Terpsichore|R33|2}}
*{{HMS|Troubridge|R00|2}}
*{{HMS|Tumult|R11|2}}
*{{HMS|Tuscan|R56|2}}
*{{HMS|Tyrian|R67|2}}

==See also==
*[[Type 15 frigate]]: postwar full conversion of Wartime Emergency Programme destroyers into first-rate fast [[anti-submarine warfare|anti-submarine]] [[frigate]]s
*[[Type 16 frigate]]: postwar partial conversion of Wartime Emergency Programme destroyers into second-rate fast anti-submarine frigates

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Publications==
*{{cite book|title=Destroyers of the Royal Navy, 1893–1981 |first=Maurice |last=Cocker |publisher=Littlehampton Book Services |date=1981 |isbn=0-7110-1075-7}}
*{{Cite Colledge2006}}
* {{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946 |editor=Robert Gardiner |publisher=Naval Institute Press |date=1980 |isbn=0-87021-913-8}}
* {{cite book |title=Royal Navy Destroyers since 1945 |first=Leo |last=Marriott |publisher=Ian Allan |date=1994 |isbn=0-7110-1817-0 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/royalnavydestroy0000marr }}
*{{cite book|last=Raven|first=Alan|author2=Roberts, John |title=War Built Destroyers O to Z Classes|publisher=Bivouac Books|location=London|year=1978|isbn=0-85680-010-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Whitley|first=M. J.|title=Destroyers of World War 2|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1988|isbn=0-87021-326-1|location=Annapolis, Maryland}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|S and T class destroyer}}

{{S and T class destroyer}}
{{War Emergency Programme destroyers}}
{{WWII British ships}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:S And T Class Destroyer}}
[[Category:Destroyer classes]]
[[Category:S and T-class destroyers| ]]
[[Category:Ship classes of the Royal Navy]]