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{{short description|Wikipedia list article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2012}}
This is a list of [[stadtholders]] for the [[Low Countries provinces]].

== Background ==
The [[stadtholder]] originally was the representative of the [[Duchy of Burgundy]], and later on, the [[Habsburg Monarchy]] in the [[Seventeen Provinces]]. After the [[Dutch Revolt]] against [[Habsburg Spain]], the function was kept to honor the nobles which represented the [[Dutch Republic]], without allowing the nobles to become monarchs.

Each province elected their own Stadtholder. During the [[Eighty Years' War]], some areas had two stadholders: those nominated by the Habsburgs, and those elected by the individual provinces of the Dutch Republic.

== By county, duchy, and lordship ==

=== County of Drenthe ===
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}{{startplainlist}}
* 1536–1540: [[Georg Schenck van Toutenburg]]
* 1540–1548: [[Maximiliaan van Egmond|Maximilian of Egmont]]
* 1549–1568: [[Jean de Ligne]]
* 1568–1572: [[Charles de Brimeu]]
* 1572–1574: [[Gillis van Berlaymont|Gillis of Berlaymont]]
* 1574–1576: [[Caspar de Robles]]
* 1576–1581: [[George de Lalaing]]
* 1581–1594: [[Francisco Verdugo]]
* 1595–1618: [[Frederik van den Bergh]], in name only
* 1595–1620: [[William Louis of Nassau-Dillenburg]]
* 1620–1625: [[Maurice of Orange]]
* 1625–1632: [[Ernest Casimir I of Nassau-Dietz]]
* 1632–1640: [[Henry Casimir I of Nassau-Dietz]]
* 1640–1647: [[Frederick Henry of Orange]]
* 1647–1650: [[William II of Orange]]
* 1650–1664: [[William Frederick of Nassau-Dietz]]
* 1664–1696: [[Henry Casimir II of Nassau-Dietz]]
* 1696–1702: [[William III of Orange]]
* 1702–1722: ''[[Second Stadtholderless Period]]''
* 1722–1751: [[William IV of Orange]]
* 1751–1795: [[William V of Orange]]
{{endplainlist}}{{div end}}

=== Lordship of Frisia ===
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}{{startplainlist}}
* 1515–1518: [[Floris van Egmont]], Count of Buren
* 1518–1521: [[Wilhelm von Roggendorf]]
* 1522:{{htxt|–0000}} [[Jancko Douwama]], Frisian rebel
* 1521–1540: [[Georg Schenck van Tautenburg]]
* 1559–1548: [[Maximiliaan van Egmond]], Count of Buren
* 1559–1568: [[Jean de Ligne, Duke of Arenberg|Jean de Ligne, Count of Arenberg]]
* 1568–1572: [[Charles de Brimeu]], Count of Megen
* 1572–1574: [[Gillis van Berlaymont]], Lord of Hierges
* 1574–1576: [[Caspar de Robles]]
* 1576–1581: [[George de Lalaing, Count of Rennenberg]], in the service of Phillip II
* 1581–1594: [[Francisco Verdugo]], in the service of Phillip II
* 1580–1884: [[William I of Orange|William of Orange]]
* 1584–1620: [[William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg|Willem Lodewijk]]
* 1620–1632: [[Ernest Casimir I of Nassau-Dietz]]
* 1632–1640: [[Hendrik Casimir I]]
* 1640–1664: [[William Frederick, Prince of Nassau-Dietz]]
* 1664–1696: [[Hendrik Casimir II]]
* 1696–1711: [[Johan Willem Friso of Orange-Nassau]]
* 1711–1747: [[Willem IV of Nassau]]
{{endplainlist}}{{div end}}

=== Lordship of Groningen ===
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}{{startplainlist}}
* 1519–1522: Cristoffel van Meurs
* 1522–1530: Jasper van Marwijck
* 1530–1536: [[Charles of Guelders]]
* 1536:{{htxt|–0000}} Ludolf Coenders
* 1536–1540: [[Georg Schenck van Toutenburg]]
* 1540–1548: [[Maximiliaan van Egmond]]
* 1549–1568: [[Jean de Ligne, Duke of Aremberg]]
* 1568–1572: [[Charles de Brimeu]]
* 1572–1574: [[Gillis van Berlaymont]]
* 1574–1576: [[Caspar de Robles]]
* 1576–1581: [[George de Lalaing, Count of Rennenberg]]
* 1581–1594: [[Francisco Verdugo]]
* 1584–1620: [[William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg|Willem Lodewijk]]
* 1620–1625: [[Maurice of Nassau]]
* 1625–1632: [[Ernst Casimir]]
* 1632–1640: [[Hendrik Casimir I]]
* 1640–1647: [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange|Frederick Henry]]
* 1647–1650: [[William II, Prince of Orange|William II]]
* 1650–1664: [[Willem Frederik of Nassau-Dietz|Willem Frederik]]
* 1664–1673: [[Countess Albertine Agnes of Nassau|Albertine Agnes of Nassau]], regentess for Hendrick Casimir II
* 1664–1696: [[Hendrik Casimir II]]
* ''1696–1707: [[Henriette Amalia von Anhalt]], regentess for Johan Willem Friso''
* 1696–1711: [[Johan Willem Friso of Orange-Nassau]]
* ''1711–1729: [[Marie Louise von Hessen-Kassel]], regentess for William IV''
* 1711–1747: [[William IV of Orange]]
{{endplainlist}}{{div end}}

=== Duchy of Guelders ===
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}{{startplainlist}}
* 1473–1475: [[William IV of Egmont]]
* 1475–1476: [[William V of Egmont]]
* 1474–1477: [[Philip I of Croÿ-Chimay]]
* 1480–1481: [[William V of Egmont]]
* 1481–1492: [[Adolf III of Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein]]
* 1492–1504: ''Guelders independent''
* 1504–1505: [[Jan V of Nassau-Vianden-Diez]]
* 1505–1507: [[Philip of Burgundy (bishop)|Philip of Burgundy]]
* 1507–1511: [[Floris van Egmond]]
* 1511–1543: ''Guelders independent''
* 1543–1544: [[René of Châlon]]
* 1544–1555: [[Philip de Lalaing, 2nd Count of Hoogstraten|Philip de Lalaing]]
* 1555–1560: [[Philip de Montmorency]]
* 1560–1572: [[Karel van Brimeu]]
* 1572–1577: [[Gillis van Berlaymont]]
* 1578–1581: [[Johan of Nassau|John I the Old of Nassau]]
* 1581–1585: [[William IV of Bergh]]
* 1585–1587: [[Claude de Berlaymont]]
* 1587–1626: [[Florent de Berlaymont]]
* 1584–1589: [[Adolf van Nieuwenaar]]
* 1590–1625: [[Maurice of Nassau]]
* 1625–1647: [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange|Frederick Henry of Orange]]
* 1647–1650: [[William II of Orange]]
* 1650–1675: ''[[First Stadtholderless Period]]''
* 1675–1702: [[William III of England|William III of Orange]]
* 1702–1722: ''[[Second Stadtholderless Period]]''
* 1722–1747: [[William IV of Orange]]
{{endplainlist}}{{div end}}

==== Upper Guelders ====
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}{{startplainlist}}
* 1502–1522: [[Reinier of Guelders]]
* 1522–1543: ''Occupation by the Habsburgs''
* 1543–1579: ''No stadtholder''
* 1579–1589: [[Jan van Argenteau]]
* 1589–1592: [[Marcus de Rye de la Palud]]
* 1592–1593: [[Charles of Ligne]]
* 1593–1611: [[Herman van den Bergh (stadhouder)|Herman van den Bergh]]
* 1611–1618: [[Frederik van den Bergh (1559–1618)|Frederik van den Bergh]]
* 1618–1632: [[Hendrik van den Bergh (count)|Hendrik van den Bergh]]
* 1632–1637: ''Occupation by the Dutch Republic''
* 1640–1646: [[Willem Bette]]
* 1646–1652: [[Jan Koenraard van Aubremont]]
* 1652–1680: [[Filips Balthasar van Gendt]]
* 1680–1699: [[Johan Frans Desideratus of Nassau-Siegen]]
* 1699–1702: [[Philippe Emanuel, Prince of Hornes]]
{{endplainlist}}{{div end}}

=== County of Hainaut ===
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}{{startplainlist}}
* 1477–1482: [[Adolph of Cleves]]
* 1482–1511: [[Philip I de Croÿ]]
* 1511–1521: [[Charles I de Croÿ]]
* 1521–1549: [[Philip II de Croÿ]]
* 1549–1558: [[Charles II de Lalaing]]
* 1558–1560: [[Charles de Brimeu]]
* 1560–1566: [[John IV of Glymes]]
* 1566–1574: [[Philip of Noircarmes]]
* 1574–1582: [[Philip de Lalaing, 3rd Count of Lalaing|Philip de Lalaing]]
* 1582–1590: [[Emanuel Philibert de Lalaing]]
* 1592–1606: [[Charles III de Croÿ]]
* 1613–16{{htxt|00}}: [[Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy|Charles Bonaventure de Longueval]]
* 1663–1674: [[Philippe François, 1st Duke of Arenberg|Philippe François de Ligne]]
{{endplainlist}}{{div end}}

=== County of Holland, Zeeland, and Utrecht ===
The stadtholdership of Holland and Zealand has always been combined. Since the office was instituted there in 1528, the stadtholder of Utrecht has been the same as the one of Holland, with one exception. In 1572, [[William I of Orange|William of Orange]] was elected as the stadtholder, although Philip II had appointed a different one.

During the [[First Stadtholderless Era]], the provinces of Holland, Zealand and Utrecht were governed by their States free from autocratic intervention. The [[Second Stadtholderless Era]] in Holland ended when the Frisian stadtholder became hereditary stadtholder for all provinces of the Dutch Republic.

{{div col|colwidth=35em}}{{startplainlist}}
* 1433–1440: [[Hugo van Lannoy]]
* 1440–1445: [[Willem van Lalaing]]
* 1445–1448: [[Gozewijn de Wilde]]
* 1448–1462: [[Jean de Lannoy]]
* 1462–1477: [[Lewis de Bruges|Loys of Gruuthuse]]
* 1477–1480: [[Wolfert VI van Borselen]]
* 1480–1483: [[Joost de Lalaing]]
* 1483–1515: [[Jan III van Egmond]]
* 1515–1521: [[Henry III of Nassau-Breda]]
* 1522–1540: [[Antoon I van Lalaing]]
* 1540–1544: [[René of Châlon]]
* 1544–1546: [[Louis of Praet|Louis of Flanders]]
* 1547–1558: [[Maximilian II of Burgundy, Marquess of Veere|Maximilian II of Burgundy]]
* 1559–1567: [[William I of Orange|William of Orange]]
* 1567–1573: [[Maximilien de Hénin, 3rd Count of Bossu]]
* 1573–1574: [[Philip of Noircarmes]]
* 1574–1577: [[Gillis van Berlaymont]]
* 1572–1584: [[William I of Orange|William of Orange]]
* 1584–1589: [[Adolf van Nieuwenaar]]
* 1585–1625: [[Maurits of Nassau]]
* 1625–1647: [[Frederik Hendrik of Orange]]
* 1647–1650: [[William II, Prince of Orange]]
* 1650–1672: ''[[First Stadtholderless Period]]''
* 1672–1702: [[William III of England|William III of Orange]]
* 1702–1747: ''[[Second Stadtholderless Period]]''
{{endplainlist}}{{div end}}

=== Duchy of Luxemburg ===
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}{{startplainlist}}
* 1451–1475: [[Antoine I de Croÿ]]
* {{htxt|0000}}–1511: [[Philip I de Croÿ]]
* 1545–1552: [[Peter Ernst I von Mansfeld-Vorderort]]
* 1552–1555: [[Maarten van Rossum]]
* 1556–1558: [[Charles de Brimeu]]
* 1559–1604: [[Peter Ernst I von Mansfeld-Vorderort]] (second time)
* 1604–1626: [[Florent de Berlaymont]]
* 1654–1675: [[Philip of Croÿ-Ligne]]
* 1675–16{{htxt|00}}: [[John Charles de Landas]] (acting)
* 16{{htxt|00}}–16{{htxt|00}}: [[Ernst of Croÿ-Ligne]]
* 1684–1688: [[Henry de Lambert]]
* 1727–1734: [[Franz-Paul von Wallis]]
{{endplainlist}}{{div end}}

=== Lordship of Overijssel ===
{{div col|colwidth=35em}}{{startplainlist}}
* 1528–1540: [[Georg Schenck van Toutenburg]]
* 1540–1548: [[Maximiliaan van Egmond]]
* 1548–1568: [[Jean de Ligne, Duke of Arenberg|Jean de Ligne]]
* 1568–1572: [[Charles de Brimeu]]
* 1572–1573: [[Gillis van Berlaymont]]
* 1573–1576: [[Caspar de Robles]]
* 1576–1581: [[George de Lalaing]]
* 1581–1594: [[Francisco Verdugo]]
* 1594–1618: [[Frederik van den Bergh]]
* 1584–1589: [[Adolf van Nieuwenaar]]
* 1590–1625: [[Maurice, Prince of Orange]]
* 1625–1647: [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange]]
* 1647–1650: [[William II, Prince of Orange]]
* 1650–1675: ''[[First Stadtholderless Period]]''
* 1675–1702: [[William III of England|William III, Prince of Orange]]
* 1702–1747: ''[[Second Stadtholderless Period]]''
* 1747–1751: [[William IV, Prince of Orange]]
* 1751–1795: [[William V, Prince of Orange]]
{{endplainlist}}{{div end}}

== See also ==
* [[List of monarchs of the Netherlands]]
* [[List of rulers of the Netherlands]]

{{Navboxes|titlestyle=background:#ccccff|title=[[Stadtholders]]|list=
{{Stadtholders of Drenthe}}
{{Stadtholders of Friesland}}
{{Stadtholders of Groningen}}
{{Stadtholders of Guelders}}
{{Stadtholders of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht}}
{{Stadtholders of Overijssel}}}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Stadtholders of the Low Countries}}
[[:Category:History of the Low Countries]]
[[:Category:Lists of political office-holders in the Netherlands]]
[[:Category:Political history of the Dutch Republic]]