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{{short description|General election held in United Kingdom}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2017 United Kingdom general election
| country = United Kingdom
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 2015 United Kingdom general election
| previous_year = 2015
| election_date = 22 June 2017
| next_election = 2019 United Kingdom general election
| next_year = 2019
| previous_mps = List of MPs elected in the 2015 United Kingdom general election
| next_mps = 
| elected_mps = List of MPs elected in the 2017 United Kingdom general election
| seats_for_election = All [[List of United Kingdom Parliament constituencies|650 seats]] in the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]]
| majority_seats = 326{{refn|group=n|name=realmajority|Given that Sinn Féin MPs [[Abstentionism#Sinn Féin|do not take their seats]] and the Speaker and deputies do not vote, the number of MPs needed for a majority is, in practice, slightly lower. Sinn Féin won 7 seats, meaning a practical majority requires at least 320 MPs.}}
| opinion_polls = Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election
| turnout = 68.8% ({{increase}} 2.4 [[Percentage point|pp]])<ref>{{cite web |title=General Election 2017: full results and analysis |url=http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7979#fullreport |website=UK Parliament |access-date=24 June 2017}}</ref>
| registered = 46,835,433
<!-- Conservative -->| image1 = [[File:Jeremy Corbyn election infobox 2.jpg|160x160px|Jeremy Corbyn]]
| leader1 = [[Jeremy Corbyn]]
| party1 = Labour Party (UK)
| leader_since1 = [[2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|12 September 2015]]
| leaders_seat1 = [[Islington North (UK Parliament constituency)|Islington North]]
| last_election1 = 232 seats, 30.4%
| seats1 = 326
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 94
| popular_vote1 = '''14,456,071'''
| percentage1 = '''44.9%'''
| swing1 = {{increase}} 14.5 [[Percentage point|pp]]
<!-- SNP -->| image2 = [[File:Theresa May election infobox.jpg|160x160px|Theresa May]]
| leader2 = [[Theresa May]]
| leader_since2 = [[2016 Conservative Party leadership election|11 July 2016]]
| party2 = Conservative Party (UK)
| leaders_seat2 = [[Maidenhead (UK Parliament constituency)|Maidenhead]]
| last_election2 = 330 seats, 36.9%
| seats2 = 250*
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 80<!-- comparison is with last election -->
| popular_vote2 = 12,060,749
| percentage2 = 37.5%
| swing2 = {{increase}} 0.6 [[Percentage point|pp]]
<!-- Labour -->| image3 = [[File:Nicola Sturgeon election infobox 3.jpg|160x160px|Nicola Sturgeon]]
| leader3 = [[Nicola Sturgeon]]
| leader_since3 = [[2014 Scottish National Party leadership election|14 November 2014]]
| party3 = Scottish National Party
| leaders_seat3 = ''Did not stand''{{refn|group=n|name=sturgeonseat|Nicola Sturgeon sits as an [[Member of the Scottish Parliament|MSP]] in the [[Scottish Parliament]] for [[Glasgow Southside (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Glasgow Southside]]. Before the election, the SNP delegation to the House of Commons was led by [[Angus Robertson]], MP for [[Moray (UK Parliament constituency)|Moray]], who lost his seat. [[Ian Blackford]], MP for [[Ross, Skye and Lochaber (UK Parliament constituency)|Ross, Skye and Lochaber]], succeeded him.}}
| last_election3 = 56 seats, 4.7%
| seats3 = 35
| seat_change3 = {{decrease}} 21<!-- comparison is with last election -->
| popular_vote3 = 977,569
| percentage3 = 3.0%
| swing3 = {{decrease}} 1.7 [[Percentage point|pp]]
<!-- Lib Dem -->| image4 = [[File:TimFarronPortrait.jpg|160x160px|Tim Farron]]
| leader4 = [[Tim Farron]]
| leader_since4 = [[2015 Liberal Democrats leadership election|16 July 2015]]
| party4 = Liberal Democrats (UK)
| leaders_seat4 = [[Westmorland and Lonsdale (UK Parliament constituency)|Westmorland<br />and&nbsp;Lonsdale]]
| popular_vote4 = 2,371,910
| percentage4 = 7.4%
| swing4 = {{decrease}} 0.5 [[Percentage point|pp]]
| last_election4 = 8 seats, 7.9%
| seats4 = 16
| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 8<!-- comparison is with last election -->
<!-- DUP -->| image5 = [[File:MLA Arlene Foster.jpg|160x160px|Arlene Foster]]
| leader5 = [[Arlene Foster]]
| leader_since5 = 17 December 2015
| party5 = Democratic Unionist Party
| leaders_seat5 = ''Did not stand''{{refn|group=n|name=fosterseat|Arlene Foster sat as an [[Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly|MLA]] in the [[Northern Ireland Assembly]] for [[Fermanagh and South Tyrone (Assembly constituency)|Fermanagh and South Tyrone]] prior to the collapse of the Assembly. The party's leader in the Commons is [[Nigel Dodds]], the MP for [[Belfast North (UK Parliament constituency)|Belfast North]].}}
| popular_vote5 = 292,316
| percentage5 = 0.9%
| swing5 = {{increase}} 0.3 [[Percentage point|pp]]
| last_election5 = 8 seats, 0.6%
| seats5 = 10
| seat_change5 = {{increase}} 2
<!-- Sinn Féin -->| image6 = [[File:Gerry Adams election infobox.jpg|160x160px]]
| leader6 = [[Gerry Adams]]
| leader_since6 = 13 November 1983
| party6 = Sinn Féin
| leaders_seat6 = ''Did not stand''{{refn|group=n|name=adamsseat|Gerry Adams sits as a [[Teachta Dála|TD]] in [[Dáil Éireann]] (lower house of the [[Oireachtas|Irish Parliament]]) for [[Louth (Dáil constituency)|Louth]].}}
| popular_vote6 = 238,915
| percentage6 = 0.7%
| swing6 = {{increase}} 0.1 [[Percentage point|pp]]
| last_election6 = 4 seats, 0.6%
| seats6 = 7{{refn|group=n|name=SFseats|Sinn Féin MPs abstain from taking their seats in the [[British House of Commons]].}}
| seat_change6 = {{increase}} 3
| map_image = 2017UKElectionMap.svg
| map_size = 425px
| map_caption = A map of UK parliamentary constituencies<br /><nowiki>*</nowiki> Figure does not include the [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]] [[John Bercow]], who was included in the Conservative seat total by some media outlets.
| map2_image = UK House of Commons 2017-06-26.svg
| map2_size = 360px
| map2_caption = Composition of the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] after the election
| title = [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = [[Theresa May]]
| before_party = Conservative Party (UK)
| after_election = [[Jeremy Corbyn]]
| after_party = Labour Party (UK)
}}
{{UK general election navigation|2010|2015|2017|2019}}
The '''2017 United Kingdom general election''' was held on Thursday, 8 June 2017, two years after the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|previous general election in 2015]] and was the first to be held on a day which did not coincide with any local elections since [[1992 United Kingdom general election|1992]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/18/breaking-theresa-may-make-statement-downing-street-1115am1/ |title=Theresa May announces snap general election on June 8 to 'make a success of Brexit' |last1=Boyle |first1=Danny |date=18 April 2017 |work=The Telegraph |access-date=25 February 2018 |last2=Maidment |first2=Jack |issn=0307-1235}}</ref> The governing [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] remained the largest single party in the House of Commons but lost its small overall majority, resulting in the formation of a Conservative-led [[minority government]] with a [[confidence-and-supply]] [[Conservative–DUP agreement|agreement]] with the [[Democratic Unionist Party]] (DUP) of Northern Ireland.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/621794/Confidence_and_Supply_Agreement_between_the_Conservative_Party_and_the_DUP.pdf | title=Confidence and Supply Agreement between the Conservative Party and the DUP | website=assets.publishing.service.gov.uk}}</ref>

The Conservative Party, which had governed as a senior [[Cameron–Clegg coalition|coalition]] partner from [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]] and as a single-party majority government from [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015]], was defending a working majority of 17 seats against the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], the [[Her Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition (United Kingdom)|official opposition]] [[Labour Party leadership of Jeremy Corbyn|led by]] [[Jeremy Corbyn]]. It was the first general election to be contested by either May or Corbyn; May had succeeded [[David Cameron]] following his resignation as prime minister the previous summer, Corbyn had succeeded [[Ed Miliband]] who resigned following Labour's failure to win the general election two years earlier.

Under the [[Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011]] an election had not been due until May 2020, but [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Theresa May]]'s call for a [[snap election]] was ratified by the necessary two-thirds vote in the House of Commons on 3 May 2017. May said that she hoped to secure a larger majority to "strengthen [her] hand" in the forthcoming [[Brexit]] negotiations.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/after-british-vote-brexit-negotiations-could-be-delayed/2017/06/09/1a2fee88-4c9b-11e7-987c-42ab5745db2e_story.html|title=After shocking British vote result, Europe ponders fate of Brexit negotiations|last=McAuley|first=James|date=9 June 2017|work=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=29 December 2019}}</ref>

[[Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election|Opinion polls]] had consistently shown strong leads for the Conservatives over Labour. From a 21-point lead, the Conservatives' lead began to diminish in the final weeks of the campaign, especially in the wake of the [[Grenfell Tower fire]] on 14 June. In a surprising result, the Conservative Party made a net loss of 80 seats despite winning 37.5% of the vote (its highest share of the vote since [[1983 United Kingdom general election|1992]]), whereas Labour made a net gain of 94 seats with 44.9% (its highest vote share since [[1966 United Kingdom general election|1966]]). It was the first election in which the Tories had a net loss of seats or Labour had a net gain of seats since [[1997 United Kingdom general election|1997]]. This was the closest result between the two major parties since [[February 1974 United Kingdom general election|February 1974]] and their highest combined vote share since [[1970 United Kingdom general election|1970]]. The [[Scottish National Party]] (SNP) and the [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]], the third- and fourth-largest parties, both lost vote share; media coverage characterised the result as a return to [[Two-party system|two-party politics]].<ref name=":18">{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/election-results-hung-parliament-two-party-politics-back-return-labour-conservative-tory-jeremy-a7781256.html |title=After three decades of splintering, two-party politics is back – sort of |date=9 June 2017 |first1=Andreas |last1=Whittam Smith |work=The Independent}}</ref> The SNP, which had won 56 of the 59 Scottish seats at the previous general election in 2015, lost 21. The Liberal Democrats made a net gain of eight vseats.<!-- Note both the SNP and LD figures are in comparison to the last election --> [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]], the third-largest party in 2015 by number of votes, saw its share of the vote reduced from 12.6% to 1.8% and lost its only seat.

In Wales, [[Plaid Cymru]] retained three seats, gaining Ceredigion from the Liberal Democrats, but losing Arfon to Labour. The [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]] retained its sole seat, but saw its share of the vote reduced. In Northern Ireland, the [[Democratic Unionist Party]] (DUP) won 10 seats, [[Sinn Féin]] won seven, and [[Independent Unionist]] [[Sylvia Hermon]] retained her seat. The [[Social Democratic and Labour Party]] (SDLP) and [[Ulster Unionist Party]] (UUP) lost all their seats.

[[Brexit negotiations|Negotiation positions]] following the UK's [[United Kingdom invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union|invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union]] in March 2017 to [[Brexit|leave the EU]] were expected to feature significantly in the campaign, but did not as domestic issues took precedence instead. The campaign was interrupted by two major terrorist attacks: [[Manchester Arena bombing|Manchester]] and [[2017 London Bridge attack|London Bridge]]; thus national security became a prominent issue. On 14 June, the Grenfell Tower fire killed 72 people living in the Grenfell Tower [[Public housing in the United Kingdom|council flat]] in a fire exacerbated by cheap [[Cladding (construction)|cladding]], causing the Conservatives' policy of [[United Kingdom government austerity programme|austerity]] to come under fire.

==Electoral system==
{{See also|Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011}}
Each [[List of United Kingdom Parliament constituencies|parliamentary constituency]] of the United Kingdom elects one MP to the House of Commons using the [[Plurality voting|"first past the post" system]]. If one party obtains a majority of seats, then that party is entitled to form the [[Government of the United Kingdom|Government]], with its leader as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]. If the election results in no single party having a majority, there is a [[hung parliament]]. In this case, the options for forming the Government are either a [[minority government]] or a [[coalition government|coalition]].<ref>{{cite AV media |date=18 March 2015 |title=Another hung Parliament: what next? |medium=Video |publisher=[[University College London|uclpoliticalscience]] via YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Epyl-5w1WBQ}}</ref>

The [[Sixth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies]] was not due to report until 2018,<ref>The boundary review around the regions:
*{{cite web |url=http://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/boundary-review-launched/ |title=Boundary review launched |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom |access-date=29 April 2016}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/2018_westminster/index.asp |title=2018 Review of Westminster Parliamentary constituencies |website=bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk |publisher=Boundary Commission for Scotland |access-date=3 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602042533/http://www.bcomm-scotland.independent.gov.uk/2018_westminster/index.asp |archive-date=2 June 2017 |url-status=dead}}
*{{cite web |url=http://bcomm-wales.gov.uk/2018Review/?lang=en |title=2018 Review |publisher=Boundary Commission for Wales |access-date=3 May 2016 }}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> and therefore this general election took place under existing boundaries, enabling direct comparisons with the [[Results of the 2015 United Kingdom general election|results by constituency in 2015]].

===Voting eligibility===
To vote in the general election, one had to be:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk/general-election |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom |title=Types of election, referendums, and who can vote |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1983/2 |title=Representation of the People Act 1983, Section 1 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom |access-date=26 April 2017}}</ref>
*on the [[Elections in the United Kingdom#Entitlement to register|Electoral Register]];
*aged 18 or over on polling day;
*a British, [[Irish nationality law|Irish]] or [[Commonwealth citizen|Commonwealth]] citizen;
*a resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years),{{refn|group=n|Or, in the case of a British citizen who moved abroad before the age of 18, if his/her parent/guardian was on the [[Elections in the United Kingdom#Electoral Register|Electoral Register]] in the UK in the last 15 years}} ''and'';
*not legally excluded from voting (for example, a convicted person detained in prison or a mental hospital, or unlawfully at large if he/she would otherwise have been detained,<ref>Representation of the People Act 1983, Sections 3 and 3A</ref> or a person found guilty of certain corrupt or illegal practices<ref>Representation of the People Act 1983, Section 173</ref>) or disqualified from voting ([[Noble friend|peers]] sitting in the [[House of Lords]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/34/contents |title=House of Lords Act 1999 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom |access-date=4 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2014/24/section/4 |title=House of Lords Reform Act 2014, Section 4 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom |access-date=4 June 2017}}</ref>

Individuals had to be [[Elections in the United Kingdom#Registration procedure|registered to vote]] by midnight twelve working days before polling day (22 May).<ref name="Deadlinetoregister">[http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/164677/Deadline-for-registration-ahead-of-an-election-detailed-note-January-2014.pdf Electoral Commission: Deadline for registration ahead of an election]. Note that 29 May 2017 is a [[Public holidays in the United Kingdom|bank holiday]].</ref><ref name="BBCParliamentaryTimetable">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-parliaments-39630155 |title=Election 2017: Parliamentary timeline |last=D'Arcy |first=Mark |date=18 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref> Anyone who qualified as an [[anonymous elector#United Kingdom|anonymous elector]] had until midnight on 31 May to register.{{#tag:ref|The deadline for the receipt and determination of anonymous electoral registration applications is one working day before the publication date of the notice of alteration to the Electoral Register (that is, the sixth working day before polling day).<ref>cf {{cite web |url=http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/162578/Part-4-Maintaining-the-register-throughout-the-year.pdf |title=Guidance for Electoral Registration Officers (Part 4 – Maintaining the register throughout the year) |publisher=[[Cabinet Office]] and [[Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)|The Electoral Commission]] |page=114 (para 7.128) |date=July 2016 |access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref>|group=n|name=anonymouselector}} A person who has two homes (such as a university student with a term-time address but lives at home during holidays) may be registered to vote at both addresses, as long as they are not in the same electoral area, but can vote in only one [[List of United Kingdom Parliament constituencies|constituency]] at the general election.<ref>{{cite web |last=Electoral Commission |author-link=Electoral Commission (United Kingdom) |url=http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/faq/voting-and-registration/i-have-two-homes.-can-i-register-to-vote-at-both-addresses |title=I have two homes. Can I register at both addresses? |publisher=[[Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)|The Electoral Commission]] |year=2016 |access-date=5 January 2011}}</ref>

On 18 May, ''[[The Independent]]'' reported that more than 1.1&nbsp;million people between 18 and 35 had registered to vote since the election was announced on 18 April. Of those, 591,730 were under the age of 25.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Doré |first1=Louis |title=Since the election was called, 1.1&nbsp;million young people have registered to vote |url=https://www.indy100.com/article/general-election-electoral-register-vote-theresa-may-june-8-2017-conservative-labour-latest-7742376 |access-date=20 May 2017 |work=[[The Independent]] |date=18 May 2017}}</ref>

==Date and cost of the election==
[[File:North London polling station June 2017 election 01.jpg|thumb|A [[polling station]] in north London]]

The [[Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011]] introduced fixed-term Parliaments to the United Kingdom, with elections scheduled every five years since the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|general election]] on 7 May 2015.<ref name="UKCLA">{{cite web |last1=Horne |first1=Alexander |last2=Kelly |first2=Richard |title=Alexander Horne and Richard Kelly: Prerogative powers and the Fixed-term Parliaments Act |url=http://ukconstitutionallaw.org/2014/11/19/alexander-horne-and-richard-kelly-prerogative-powers-and-the-fixed-term-parliaments-act/ |publisher=UK Constitutional Law Association |access-date=17 August 2015|date=19 November 2014 }}</ref> This removed the power of the Prime Minister, using the [[Royal prerogative in the United Kingdom|royal prerogative]], to dissolve Parliament before its five-year maximum length.<ref name="UKCLA" /> The Act permits early dissolution if the House of Commons votes by a [[supermajority]] of two-thirds of the entire membership of the House.

On 2 May 2017, Prime Minister [[Theresa May]] announced she would seek an election on 8 June,<ref name=":0">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-39628713 |title=Theresa May seeks general election |date=18 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref> despite previously ruling out an early election.<ref>{{cite news |last=Heaven |first=Will |title=Five times Theresa May ruled out a snap general election |url=https://blogs.spectator.co.uk/2017/04/five-times-theresa-may-no-10-ruled-snap-general-election/ |work=Coffee House |date=18 April 2017 |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Weaver |first1=Matthew |title=The many times Theresa May ruled out an early election |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/18/the-many-times-theresa-may-ruled-out-an-early-election |access-date=18 April 2017 |work=The Guardian |date=18 April 2017}}</ref> A [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] motion to allow this was passed on 3 May, with 522 votes for and 13 against, a majority of 509.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39643804 |title=General election 2017: MPs back plans for 8 June poll |publisher=BBC |date=19 April 2017}}</ref> The motion was supported by the Conservatives, Labour, the Liberal Democrats and the Greens, while the SNP abstained.<ref name=":0" /> Nine Labour MPs, one SDLP MP and three independents ([[Sylvia Hermon]] and two former SNP MPs, [[Natalie McGarry]] and [[Michelle Thomson]]) voted against the motion.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39644981 |title=The 13 MPs who opposed snap general election |date=20 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref>

Labour leader [[Jeremy Corbyn]] supported the early election,<ref>{{cite news |last=Stone |first=Jon |title=Jeremy Corbyn has responded to Theresa May's call for an early election |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-early-general-election-2017-theresa-may-response-statement-june-8-date-a7688566.html |access-date=18 April 2017 |work=The Independent |date=18 April 2017}}</ref> as did Liberal Democrat leader [[Tim Farron]] and the [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Maidment |first=Jack |title=Tim Farron: Early general election offers voters chance to 'change the direction of our country' |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/18/tim-farron-early-general-election-offers-voters-chance-change/ |access-date=18 April 2017 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=18 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Green Party: We're ready for an early General Election |url=https://www.greenparty.org.uk/news/2017/04/18/green-party-were-ready-for-an-early-general-election/ |access-date=18 April 2017 |publisher=[[Green Party of England and Wales]]}}</ref> The SNP stated that it was in favour of fixed-term parliaments, and would abstain in the House of Commons vote.<ref>{{cite news |last=Howarth |first=Angus |title=SNP abstain as MPs vote in favour of snap General Election |url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/uk/snp-abstain-as-mps-vote-in-favour-of-snap-general-election-1-4423079 |access-date=27 April 2017 |work=[[The Scotsman]] |date=19 April 2017}}</ref> UKIP leader [[Paul Nuttall]] and [[First Minister of Wales]] [[Carwyn Jones]] criticised May for being opportunistic in the timing of the election, motivated by the then strong position of the Conservative Party in the opinion polls.<ref>{{cite news |last=Staff writer |title=UKIP says Theresa May's general election move is cynical |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39632346 |access-date=18 April 2017 |work=BBC News |date=18 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Roderick |first=Vaughan |title=Carwyn Jones: Early election 'not in national interest' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-39629051 |access-date=18 April 2017 |work=BBC News |date=18 April 2017}}</ref>

On 9 May, the election date was confirmed as 22 June,<ref name="gazette-election-date">{{cite news |title=By The Queen a proclamation appointing Thursday the 8th of June 2017 as the polling day for the general election of the next Parliament Elizabeth R. |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/notice/2766750 |access-date=3 May 2017 |work=The Gazette |date=25 April 2017}}</ref> with [[Dissolution of the Parliament of the United Kingdom|dissolution]] on 17 May. The government announced that it intended for the next parliament to assemble on 27 June, with the [[State Opening of Parliament|state opening]] on 3 July.<ref name="gazette-new-parliament">{{cite news |title=By The Queen a Proclamation for Declaring the calling of a New Parliament Elizabeth R. |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/notice/2769377 |access-date=8 May 2017 |work=The Gazette |date=3 May 2017}}</ref>

===Timetable===
The key dates are listed below (all times are [[British Summer Time|BST]]):<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/word_doc/0019/224740/UKPGE-Election-timetable-8-June-2017.doc |title=Timetable for the UK Parliamentary general election: 8 June 2017 |publisher=[[Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)|The Electoral Commission]] |format=doc |access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| style="width: 50px;" |18 April||Prime Minister [[Theresa May]] announced her intention to hold a snap election<ref>{{cite news |title=UK snap election: Five things you need to know |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39623674 |access-date=2 June 2017 |work=BBC News |date=18 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
|19 April||MPs voted to dissolve Parliament<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stone |first1=Jon |last2=Watts |first2=Joe |title=Parliament just approved the snap election |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-mps-approve-vote-theresa-may-snap-plans-parliament-8-june-a7690486.html |access-date=2 June 2017 |work=The Independent |date=19 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
|22 April||Start of [[Purdah (pre-election period)|pre-election period]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-statement/Commons/2017-04-20/HCWS605/ |title=Conduct guidance for General Election, 8 June 2017: Written statement – HCWS605 |publisher=[[UK Parliament]] |date=20 April 2017 |access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/election-guidance-for-civil-servants/general-election-2017-guidance-for-civil-servants |title=General election 2017: guidance for civil servants |publisher=Cabinet Office and [[Civil Service (United Kingdom)|Civil Service]] |date=20 April 2017 |access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
|25 April||Royal Proclamation under section 2(7) of the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 issued by HM The Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister<ref name="gazette-election-date" />
|-
|27 April||Second session of Parliament [[Legislative session#United Kingdom|prorogued]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Parliament prorogues ahead of general election |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-parliaments-39726084 |access-date=2 June 2017 |work=BBC News |date=27 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
|3 May||[[Dissolution of the Parliament of the United Kingdom|Formal dissolution]] of Parliament (for the election to take place on 8 June) and official start of 'short' campaigning<ref>{{cite news |title=What happens now Parliament is dissolved? |url=http://www.itv.com/news/2017-05-03/parliament-has-dissolved-for-the-general-election-so-what-happens-now/ |access-date=2 June 2017 |publisher=ITV News |date=3 May 2017}}</ref>
|-
|3 May||Royal Proclamation was issued summoning a new UK Parliament<ref name="gazette-new-parliament" />
|-
|4 May||[[2017 United Kingdom local elections|Local elections]] (these were already scheduled, and were not part of the general election)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kirk |first1=Ashley |last2=Scott |first2=Patrick |title=Local election 2017 results in England, Wales and Scotland – and what does it mean for the general election? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/0/local-election-results-did-area-vote-does-tell-us-general-election/ |access-date=2 June 2017 |work=The Telegraph |date=6 May 2017}}</ref>
|-
|11 May||Deadline (4pm) for the delivery of candidate nomination papers<ref>{{cite news |last1=Manley |first1=John |title=SDLP select press officer and post office manager to fight Westminster seats |url=http://www.irishnews.com/news/politicalnews/2017/05/11/news/sdlp-select-press-officer-and-post-office-manager-to-fight-westminster-seats-1022971/ |access-date=2 June 2017 |work=The Irish News |date=11 May 2017 }}</ref>
|-
|11 May||Deadline (5pm) for the publication of Statements of Persons Nominated (or 4&nbsp;pm on 12 May if objections were received)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Harris |first1=Sarah Ann |title=When Will I Know Who The General Election Candidates for My Area Are? Everything You Need To Know |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/general-election-candidates-in-my-area-when-will-i-know-whos-running_uk_591319c3e4b0a58297e134ad |access-date=2 June 2017 |work=HuffPost |date=10 May 2017}}</ref>
|-
|11 May||Earliest date [[Returning officer#United Kingdom|returning officers]] could issue poll cards<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1983/2/schedule/1 |title=Representation of the People Act 1983, Schedule 1, Rule 28 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom}}</ref> and [[Elections in the United Kingdom#By post|postal ballot packs]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/175386/UKPE-Part-D-Absent-voting.pdf |title=UK Parliamentary elections in Great Britain: guidance for (Acting) Returning Officers (Part D – Absent voting) |publisher=[[Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)|The Electoral Commission]] |page=1 (para 1.1) |access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
|22 May||Last day the public was able to [[Elections in the United Kingdom#Registration procedure|register to vote]] (unless an [[anonymous elector#United Kingdom|anonymous elector]])<ref name="Deadlinetoregister" />
|-
|23 May||Deadline (5pm) to apply for a [[Elections in the United Kingdom#By post|postal vote]]/[[Elections in the United Kingdom#By proxy|postal proxy vote]]<ref name="Absentvotingdeadline">{{cite web |title=The Representation of the People (England and Wales) Regulations 2001 |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/341/regulation/56/made |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom |access-date=23 April 2017 |location=Regulation 56 }}{{cite web |title=Representation of the People (Scotland) Regulations 2001 |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/497/regulation/56/made |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom |access-date=23 April 2017 |location=Regulation 56 }}</ref><ref name="ECabsentvotingguidance">{{cite web |url=http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/175386/UKPE-Part-D-Absent-voting.pdf |title=UK Parliamentary elections in Great Britain: guidance for (Acting) Returning Officers (Part D – Absent voting) |publisher=[[Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)|The Electoral Commission]] |pages=1–2 |access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
|31 May||Deadline (5pm) to apply for a [[Elections in the United Kingdom#By proxy|proxy vote]],<ref name="Absentvotingdeadline" /><ref name="ECabsentvotingguidance" /> and last day to [[Elections in the United Kingdom#Registration procedure|register to vote]] as an [[anonymous elector#United Kingdom|anonymous elector]]<ref name="anonymouselector" group=n />
|-
|8 June||'''Polling day''' ([[Elections in the United Kingdom#In person|polling stations]] opened at 7&nbsp;am and closed at 10&nbsp;pm, or once voters present in a queue at or outside the polling station at 10&nbsp;pm had cast their vote).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2013/6/section/19/enacted |title=Electoral Registration and Administration Act 2013, Section 19 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom}}</ref> [[Elections in the United Kingdom#Post-election|Counting of votes]] started no later than 2&nbsp;am on 9 June.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/25/section/48 |title=Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010, Section 48 |publisher=Government of the United Kingdom}}</ref>
|-
|13 June||First meeting of the 57th Parliament of the United Kingdom, for the formal election of a Speaker of the Commons and the swearing-in of members, ahead of the State Opening of the new Parliament's first session.<ref>{{cite web |title=General Election 2017 – Public Accounts Commission – News from Parliament |url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/other-committees/public-accounts-commission/news-parliament-2015/general-election-2017/ |website=UK Parliament |access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
|21 June||[[State Opening of Parliament]] (initially planned for 19 June)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hunt |first1=Peter |title='Dressed down' Queen to appear at State Opening |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-parliaments-39731596 |access-date=2 June 2017 |work=BBC News |date=27 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.sky.com/story/david-davis-admits-government-may-pursue-softer-brexit-10913263 |title=Theresa May delays Queen's Speech as she grapples to lead minority government |date=12 June 2017 |access-date=12 June 2017 |publisher=Sky News}}</ref>
|}

===Cost===
The cost of organising the election was around £140&nbsp;million – slightly less than the EU referendum, of which £98&nbsp;million was spent on administrative costs, and £42.5&nbsp;million was spent on campaign costs.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-41258026 |title=Snap general election cost over £140m |work=BBC News |date=13 September 2017 |access-date=13 September 2017}}</ref>

==Parties and candidates==
[[File:Labour party campaigning June 2017 election.jpg|thumb|Campaigning on polling day, 8 June 2017]]
Most candidates were representatives of a political party registered with the [[Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)|Electoral Commission]]. Candidates not belonging to a registered party could use an "independent" label, or no label at all.

The leader of the party commanding a majority of support in the House of Commons is the person who is called on by the monarch to form a government as Prime Minister, while the leader of the largest party not in government becomes the [[Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)|Leader of the Opposition]]. Other parties also form shadow ministerial teams. The leaders of the SNP, Plaid Cymru and the DUP are not MPs; hence, they appoint separate leaders in the House of Commons.

===Great Britain===
The [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] and the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] have been the two biggest parties since [[1922 United Kingdom general election|1922]], and have supplied all [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Ministers]] since 1935. Both parties changed their leader after the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015 election]]. [[David Cameron]], who had been the leader of the Conservative Party since [[2005 Conservative Party leadership election|2005]] and Prime Minister since [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]], was [[2016 Conservative Party leadership election|replaced]] in July 2016 by [[Theresa May]] following the [[2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum|referendum on the United Kingdom's membership of the European Union]]. [[Jeremy Corbyn]] [[2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|replaced]] [[Ed Miliband]] as [[Leader of the Labour Party (UK)|Leader of the Labour Party]] and [[Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)|Leader of the Opposition]] in September 2015, and was [[2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|re-elected]] leader in September 2016.

While the [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]] and their predecessors had long been the third-largest party in British politics, they returned only 8 MPs in 2015 (having been part of the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition from 2010 until 2015)—49 fewer than at the previous election and the fewest in their modern history.{{refn|group=n|name=libdemhistory|Following their re-formation in 1988, when the [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] and [[Social Democratic Party (UK)|Social Democratic Parties]] merged.}} [[Tim Farron]] [[2015 Liberal Democrats leadership election|became the Liberal Democrat leader]] in July 2015, following the resignation of [[Nick Clegg]]. Led by [[First Minister of Scotland]] [[Nicola Sturgeon]], the SNP stands only in Scotland; it won 56 of the 59 Scottish seats in 2015. UKIP, then led by [[Nigel Farage]], who was later replaced by [[Diane James]] and then by [[Paul Nuttall]] in 2016, won 12.7% of the vote in 2015 but gained only one MP, [[Douglas Carswell]], who left the party in March 2017 to sit as an independent. After securing 3.8% of the vote and one MP in the previous general election, Green Party leader [[Natalie Bennett]] was succeeded by joint leaders [[Caroline Lucas]] and [[Jonathan Bartley]] in September 2016. Smaller parties that contested the 2015 election and chose not to put forward candidates in 2017 included [[Mebyon Kernow]], the [[Communist Party of Britain]], the [[Scottish Socialist Party]], and the [[National Front (UK)|National Front]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.itv.com/news/westcountry/2017-05-11/cornish-party-mebyon-kernow-not-contesting-general-election/ |title=Cornish party Mebyon Kernow not contesting General Election |date=11 May 2017 |publisher=ITV News |access-date=19 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-uk-communist-party-no-candidates-jeremy-corbyn-labour-support-first-1920-a7699761.html |title=British Communist party will not field any candidates and throws support behind Jeremy Corbyn |date=24 April 2017 |work=The Independent |access-date=19 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-39934756 |title=Election 2017: Where have all the politicians gone? |date=16 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=19 May 2017}}</ref> The [[Respect Party]], which had previously held seats, was dissolved in 2016; its former MP [[George Galloway]] stood and lost in the 2017 election as an independent in [[Manchester Gorton (UK Parliament constituency)|Manchester Gorton]].<ref name="Fenton">{{cite news |last=Fenton |first=Siobhan |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/george-galloway-respect-party-deregisters-labour-jeremy-corbyn-member-a7202191.html |title=George Galloway's Respect Party deregisters, prompting speculation politician may rejoin Labour |work=The Independent |date=21 August 2016 |access-date=21 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/constituencies/E14000808 |title=Manchester Gorton |work=BBC News |date=9 June 2017 |access-date=9 June 2017}}</ref>

===Northern Ireland===
In [[Northern Ireland]], the [[Democratic Unionist Party]] (DUP), [[Sinn Féin]], the [[Social Democratic and Labour Party]] (SDLP), the [[Ulster Unionist Party]] (UUP), the [[Green Party of Northern Ireland]] and the [[Alliance Party of Northern Ireland|Alliance Party]] contested the 2017 election. Sinn Féin maintained its [[Abstentionism#Sinn Féin|abstentionist]] policy.<ref>{{cite news |last=McDonald |first=Henry |title=Sinn Féin MP says party will always boycott Westminster, despite report |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/may/01/sinn-fein-boycott-westminster-michelle-gildernew-election |work=The Guardian |date=1 March 2015 |access-date=24 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://irishpost.co.uk/gerry-adams-confirms-sinn-fein-will-not-swear-allegiance-queen-take-westminster-seats/ |title=Gerry Adams confirms Sinn Féin will not swear allegiance to the Queen to take Westminster seats |newspaper=[[The Irish Post]] |date=9 June 2017 |author=Aidan Lonergan |access-date=9 June 2017 |archive-date=9 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609143044/http://irishpost.co.uk/gerry-adams-confirms-sinn-fein-will-not-swear-allegiance-queen-take-westminster-seats/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The DUP, Sinn Féin, SDLP, UUP and APNI were all led by new party leaders, changed since the 2015 election. The Conservatives, Greens, and four other minor parties also stood. Despite contesting 10 seats last time, UKIP did not stand in Northern Ireland.<ref name=":8" />

===Candidates===
{{Main|Candidates in the 2017 United Kingdom general election}}
3,304 candidates stood for election, down from 3,631 in the previous general election. The Conservatives stood in 637 seats, Labour in 631 (including [[Labour Co-operative|jointly]] with the [[Co-operative Party]] in 50)<ref name=":15" /> and the Liberal Democrats in 629. UKIP stood in 377 constituencies, down from 624 in 2015, while the Greens stood in 468, down from 573. The SNP contested all [[Scottish Westminster constituencies|59 Scottish seats]] and Plaid Cymru stood in all [[List of Parliamentary constituencies in Wales|40 Welsh seats]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/general-election-candidates-2017-full-10410166 |title=Here is every single 2017 general election candidate in a plain text list |last=Bloom |first=Dan |date=12 May 2017 |work=Daily Mirror |access-date=13 May 2017}}</ref> In Great Britain, 183 candidates stood as [[Independent politician|independents]]; minor parties included the [[Christian Peoples Alliance]] which contested 31 seats, the [[Yorkshire Party]] which stood in 21, the [[Official Monster Raving Loony Party]] in 12, the [[British National Party]] in 10, the [[Pirate Party UK|Pirate Party]] in 10, the [[English Democrats]] in 7, the [[Women's Equality Party]] in 7, the [[Social Democratic Party (UK, 1990–present)|Social Democratic Party]] in 6, the [[National Health Action Party]] in 5 and the [[Workers Revolutionary Party (UK)|Workers Revolutionary Party]] in 5, while an additional 79 candidates stood for 46 other registered political parties.<ref name=":15">{{cite web |url=https://candidates.democracyclub.org.uk/numbers/election/parl.2017-06-08/parties |title=Democracy Club Candidates |website=candidates.democracyclub.org.uk|access-date=19 May 2017}}</ref>

In Wales, 213 candidates stood for election. Labour, Conservatives, Plaid Cymru, and Liberal Democrats contested all forty seats and there were 32 UKIP and 10 Green candidates.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-politics-39896068 |title=General Election 2017: Wales number of candidates drops |date=11 May 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> In Scotland, the SNP, the Conservatives, Labour and the Liberal Democrats stood in all 59 seats while UKIP contested 10 seats and the Greens only 3.<ref name=":11">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-39873325 |title=General election 2017: Scottish Greens to field three candidates |date=10 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=14 May 2017}}</ref>

Of the 109 candidates in Northern Ireland, Sinn Féin, the SDLP and the Alliance contested all 18 seats; the DUP stood in 17, the UUP in 14 and the [[NI Conservatives|Conservatives]] and [[Green Party in Northern Ireland|Greens]] stood in 7 each. [[People Before Profit Alliance|People Before Profit]] and the [[Workers' Party of Ireland|Workers' Party]] contested two seats while [[Traditional Unionist Voice]] and the new [[Citizens Independent Social Thought Alliance]] stood in one each; four independents including incumbent [[Sylvia Hermon]] also stood.<ref name=":8">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-39890309 |title=General Election 2017: NI candidates confirmed |last=Devenport |first=Mark |date=11 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=13 May 2017}}</ref>

====Party selection processes====
Unlike in previous elections, the timetable of the snap election required parties to select candidates in just under three weeks, to meet the 11 May deadline.

For the Conservatives, [[Conservative Association|local associations]] in target seats were offered a choice of three candidates by the [[Conservative Campaign Headquarters|party's headquarters]] from an existing list of candidates, without inviting applications; candidates in non-target seats were to be appointed directly by central party offices; and successful MPs were to be confirmed by a meeting of their local parties.<ref name=":1">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39658426 |title=General election 2017: Can parties select candidates in time? |date=22 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref> This was controversial with local associations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.conservativehome.com/majority_conservatism/2017/09/our-cchq-election-audit-the-rusty-machine-part-two-how-and-why-the-ground-campaign-failed.html |title=Our CCHQ election audit: the rusty machine, part two. How and why the ground campaign failed. |website=Conservative Home}}</ref> The Labour Party required sitting MPs to express their intention to stand, automatically re-selecting those who did; and it advertised for applications from party members for all remaining seats by 23 April.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/19/labour-emergency-selections-constituencies-national-executive-committee |title=Labour party to hold emergency selections for constituencies |last1=Mason |first1=Rowena |date=19 April 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=22 April 2017 |last2=Elgot |first2=Jessica}}</ref> Having devolved selections to its Scottish and Welsh parties, Labour's [[National Executive Committee of the Labour Party|National Executive Committee]] endorsed all parliamentary candidates on 3 May except for [[Rochdale (UK Parliament constituency)|Rochdale]], the seat of suspended MP [[Simon Danczuk]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/labours-full-list-of-candidates-for-the-2017-general-election-published_uk_5909e0f9e4b0bb2d0873d86e |title=Record Number of Women Labour Election Candidates |last=Waugh |first=Paul |date=3 May 2017 |work=HuffPost |access-date=6 May 2017}}</ref> On 7 May, [[Steve Rotheram]] announced he was standing down as MP for [[Liverpool Walton (UK Parliament constituency)|Liverpool Walton]] following his election as [[2017 Liverpool City Region mayoral election|Liverpool City Region mayor]], leaving five days to appoint a candidate by close of nominations.<ref name=":5" />

The SNP confirmed on 22 April that its 54 sitting MPs would be re-selected and that its suspended members [[Natalie McGarry]] and [[Michelle Thomson]] would not be nominated as SNP candidates; the party subsequently selected candidates for McGarry's and Thomson's former seats, as well as for the three Scottish constituencies it did not win in 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-39678794 |title=SNP rules not to endorse two sitting MPs as general election candidates |date=22 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref> The Liberal Democrats had already selected 326 candidates in 2016 and over 70 in 2017 before the election was called.<ref name=":1" /> Meetings of local party members from UKIP, the Greens and Plaid Cymru selected their candidates.<ref name=":1" /> Parties in Northern Ireland were not believed to have already selected candidates due to the Assembly elections in March.<ref name=":1" />

====High-profile candidates====
=====Conservative=====
Former employment minister [[Esther McVey]] was selected to contest [[Tatton (UK Parliament constituency)|Tatton]]. [[Zac Goldsmith]] was adopted as the candidate for [[Richmond Park (UK Parliament constituency)|Richmond Park]], having lost the [[2016 Richmond Park by-election|2016 by-election]] as an independent in protest against the form of the Government's chosen expert's recommended [[Heathrow expansion]]. He had served as the seat's Conservative MP between 2010 and 2016.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.sky.com/story/esther-mcvey-selected-for-george-osbornes-former-tatton-seat-10852241 |title=Esther McVey selected for Osborne's old seat |date=26 April 2017 |publisher=Sky News |access-date=26 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-39721421 |title=Zac Goldsmith wins Conservative nomination for Richmond Park |date=26 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=26 April 2017}}</ref> [[Kenneth Clarke]], the [[Father of the House (United Kingdom)|Father of the House of Commons]], had said he would retire in 2020 and so stood again in the 2017 election, leaving it open for him to retire possibly in 2022 (he eventually retired in 2019 when [[2019 United Kingdom general election|that year's national election]] was called).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/political-parties/conservative-party/news/76326/tory-grandee-ken-clarke-stand-down-2020 |title=Tory grandee Ken Clarke to stand down in 2020 after 50 years in Commons |last=PoliticsHome.com |date=19 June 2016 |publisher=PoliticsHome.com |access-date=25 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426060607/https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/political-parties/conservative-party/news/76326/tory-grandee-ken-clarke-stand-down-2020 |archive-date=26 April 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39643804 |title=General election campaigning begins as MPs back June poll |date=19 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=25 April 2017 }}</ref>

=====Labour=====
[[Tony Lloyd]], a former Labour MP for [[Manchester Central (UK Parliament constituency)|Manchester Central]] who served as [[Greater Manchester Police and Crime Commissioner]] from 2012 and interim [[Mayor of Greater Manchester]] since 2015 stood in [[Rochdale (UK Parliament constituency)|Rochdale]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-39851957 |title=Rochdale general election: Tony Lloyd chosen for Labour |date=8 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=8 May 2017}}</ref>

Eli Aldridge was just 18 years old when he challenged then Liberal Democrat leader Tim Farron in his Westmorland and Lonsdale constituency. News coverage showed Aldridge balancing campaigning with revision for his A-level examinations, even missing the start of his end-of-year ball to speak at a hustings in Kendal.{{citation needed|date=November 2019}}

=====Liberal Democrats=====
Those ministers defeated in 2015 who stood for election in their former seats included [[Vince Cable]] in [[Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Twickenham]], [[Ed Davey]] in [[Kingston and Surbiton (UK Parliament constituency)|Kingston and Surbiton]], [[Jo Swinson]] in [[East Dunbartonshire (UK Parliament constituency)|East Dunbartonshire]], and [[Simon Hughes]] in [[Bermondsey and Old Southwark (UK Parliament constituency)|Bermondsey and Old Southwark]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39644473 |title=Election 2017: Which MPs are standing down, and who might be standing? |date=24 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=25 April 2017 }}</ref>

=====UKIP leader=====
After coming second in the [[2017 Stoke-on-Trent Central by-election|Stoke-on-Trent Central by-election]] earlier in 2017, UKIP leader [[Paul Nuttall]] contested [[Boston and Skegness (UK Parliament constituency)|Boston and Skegness]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/798125/general-election-ukip-paul-nuttall-mp-boston-skegness-conservatives-labour |title=Ukip leader Paul Nuttall to stand in Boston and Skegness in General Election |date=29 April 2017 |website=Daily Express |access-date=29 April 2017}}</ref>

=====MPs rejected by their parties=====
Former Labour MP [[Simon Danczuk]] stood as an independent candidate, after being rejected from standing with that party and then withdrawing his party membership.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/simon-danczuk-rochdale-election-independent-13018417 |title=Simon Danczuk WILL stand to be an MP in the general election – as an independent candidate |last=Johnson |first=Helen |work=[[Manchester Evening News]] |date=11 May 2017 |access-date=12 May 2017}}</ref> After the Liberal Democrats rejected [[David Ward (British politician)|David Ward]], the former MP for [[Bradford East (UK Parliament constituency)|Bradford East]], for [[Antisemitism|anti-semitism]], he contested that seat as an independent.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/26/lib-dems-criticised-over-reselection-of-ex-mp-censured-for-antisemitism |title=Tim Farron sacks Lib Dem candidate for 'deeply offensive and antisemitic' comments |last=Elgot |first=Jessica |date=26 April 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=26 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/news/15277115.Sacked_David_Ward_to_run_as_independent_to__clear_name__in_anti_Semitism_row/ |title=Sacked David Ward to run as independent to 'clear name' in anti-Semitism row |website=Bradford Telegraph and Argus |access-date=10 May 2017}}</ref>

===Electoral alliances and arrangements===
{{See also|Endorsements in the 2017 United Kingdom general election#Endorsements for individual candidates}}
Ahead of the general election, [[crowdfunding]] groups such as [[More United]] and [[Open Britain]] were formed to promote candidates of similar views standing for election, and a "[[Progressive alliance (UK)|progressive alliance]]" was proposed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.crowdfunder.co.uk/more-united-general-election/ |title=More United's General Election Fund |publisher=crowdfunder.co.uk |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.moreunited.uk/candidates |title=More United's preferred General Election candidates |work=More United|access-date=18 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.open-britain.co.uk/ |title=Open Britain's preferred General Election candidates |work=Open Britain|access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-progressive-alliance-general-election-general-election-liberal-democrats-green-party-jeremy-a7709426.html |title=Labour facing revolt as activists refuse to back candidates in bid to fight Theresa May's plans for hard Brexit |date=30 April 2017 |work=The Independent |last1=Bulman |first1=May |access-date=30 April 2017}}</ref> Former UKIP donor [[Arron Banks]] suggested a "patriotic alliance" movement.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/mar/14/ukip-donor-arron-banks-says-he-has-quit-party-to-set-up-ukip-20 |title=Ukip donor Arron Banks says he has quit party to set up 'Ukip 2.0' |last=Booth |first=Robert |date=14 March 2017 |work=The Guardian|access-date=19 April 2017 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> A [[Tactical voting]] spreadsheet to keep the Conservatives out of government went viral on social media.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/how-to-stop-the-tories_uk_58f89312e4b0cb086d7e4de6 |title=Everyone Is Sharing This 'How To Stop The Tories' Voting Guide |date=20 April 2017 |work=HuffPost |access-date=21 April 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/tactical-vote-guide-goes-viral-in-bid-to-beat-tories-3mm97f8fn |title=Tactical vote guide goes viral in bid to beat Tories|access-date=22 April 2017 }}</ref> [[Gina Miller]], who took the government to court over [[United Kingdom invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union|Article 50]], set out plans to tour marginal constituencies in support of pro-EU candidates.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/19/gina-miller-best-for-britain-tactical-voting-against-hard-brexit |title=Gina Miller to launch tactical voting initiative against hard Brexit |date=19 April 2017 |work=The Guardian |last1=Roberts |first1=Dan |access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref>

Within a few days of the election being announced, the [[Green Party of England and Wales]] and the SNP each proposed to collaborate with Labour and the Liberal Democrats to prevent a Conservative majority government.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/19/greens-urge-labour-and-lib-dems-to-form-electoral-pact-to-defeat-tories |title=Greens call for electoral pact with Labour and Lib Dems to defeat Tories |last=Walker |first=Peter |date=19 April 2017 |work=The Guardian|access-date=19 April 2017  |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/19/nicola-sturgeon-says-snp-will-seek-progressive-alliance-labour/ |title=Nicola Sturgeon says SNP will seek 'progressive alliance' with Labour and Lib Dems to keep out Tories |work=The Telegraph |access-date=19 April 2017 }}</ref> Liberal Democrat leader [[Tim Farron]] quickly reaffirmed his party's opposition to an electoral pact or coalition with Labour, citing "electorally toxic" Corbyn and concerns over Labour's position on Brexit.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/01/20/tim-farron-rules-lib-dem-labour-pact-toxic-jeremy-corbyn/ |title=Tim Farron rules out Lib Dem-Labour pact because of 'toxic' Jeremy Corbyn |work=The Telegraph |access-date=19 April 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ft.com/content/38abced6-2437-11e7-a34a-538b4cb30025 |title=Liberal Democrats rule out coalition with Jeremy Corbyn's Labour |date=19 April 2017 |website=Financial Times |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref> On 22 April the Liberal Democrats also ruled out a coalition deal with the Conservatives and SNP.<ref name="theguardian1">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/22/lib-dems-no-coalition-tim-farron-general-election |title=Tim Farron's pledge to voters: Lib Dems won't make coalition deals |last1=Helm |first1=Toby |date=22 April 2017 |work=The Guardian|access-date=22 April 2017 |last2=Quinn |first2=Ben  |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Labour ruled out an electoral pact with the SNP, Liberal Democrats and Greens.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Walker |first1=Peter |last2=Elgot |first2=Jessica |title=Labour and Lib Dems reject Greens' call for electoral pact against Tories |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/19/greens-urge-labour-and-lib-dems-to-form-electoral-pact-to-defeat-tories |access-date=5 June 2017 |work=The Guardian |date=19 April 2017}}</ref>

Notwithstanding national arrangements, the Liberal Democrats, the Greens, and UKIP indicated they might not stand in every constituency.<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39693277 |title=Tactical voting: The early signs it could really take off in 2017 |last=Barnes |first=Peter |date=25 April 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> The Green Party of England and Wales chose not to contest 22 seats explicitly "to increase the chance of a progressive candidate beating the Conservatives",<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.greenparty.org.uk/news/2017/05/13/greens-announce-final-candidate-numbers/ |title=Greens announce final candidate numbers |date=12 May 2017 |website=Green Party |access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref> including [[South West Surrey (UK Parliament constituency)|South West Surrey]], the seat of [[Secretary of State for Health|Health Secretary]] [[Jeremy Hunt]], in favour of the [[National Health Action Party]] candidate.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/doctor-gp-labour-to-take-down-jeremy-hunt-louise-irvine-a7726781.html |title=A British GP is trying to take down Jeremy Hunt and left-wing parties are backing her |date=9 May 2017 |work=The Independent |access-date=10 May 2017 }}</ref> The [[Scottish Green Party]] contested just three constituencies.<ref name=":11" /> The Liberal Democrats agreed to stand down in [[Brighton Pavilion (UK Parliament constituency)|Brighton Pavilion]].<ref name=":6">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-sussex-39729791 |title=Brighton Lib Dems and Greens in party alliance |date=27 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=27 April 2017}}</ref> After indicating it might not nominate candidates in seats held by strongly pro-Brexit Conservative MPs,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/21/ukip-may-not-contest-seats-held-by-pro-brexit-tories |title=Ukip may not contest seats held by pro-Brexit Tories |last=Walker |first=Peter |date=21 April 2017 |website=The Guardian|access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref> UKIP nominated 377 candidates; it was suggested this would help the Conservatives in marginal seats.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-2017-ukip-hand-tory-landslide-not-fielding-candidates-key-marginal-seats-labour-a7734521.html |title=Ukip could 'hand Tories a landslide' by not fielding candidates in key seats |date=13 May 2017 |work=The Independent |access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref>

In Northern Ireland, there were talks between the [[Democratic Unionist Party|DUP]] and [[Ulster Unionist Party|UUP]].<ref name="auto" /> Rather than engaging in a formal pact, the DUP agreed not to contest [[Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)|Fermanagh and South Tyrone]], while the UUP chose not to stand in four constituencies.<ref name="auto1">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-39837972 |title=General election 2017: SDLP rejects Sinn Féin call |date=8 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=8 May 2017}}</ref> Talks took place between Sinn Féin, the SDLP and the [[Green Party in Northern Ireland]] about an anti-Brexit agreement (the [[Alliance Party of Northern Ireland|Alliance Party]] were approached but declined to be involved)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/general-election-2017/sinn-fein-sdlp-and-greens-discuss-antibrexit-alliance-in-run-up-to-general-election-35639872.html |title=Sinn Fein, SDLP and Greens discuss anti-Brexit alliance in run up to general election – BelfastTelegraph.co.uk|newspaper=Belfasttelegraph.co.uk}}</ref> but no agreement was reached; the Greens said there was "too much distance" between the parties, Sinn Féin's abstentionist policy was criticised, and the SDLP admitted an agreement was unlikely.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-politics-39707107 |title=General election 2017: 'Anti-Brexit' pact chances slim, says SDLP |date=25 April 2017 |work=BBC News}}</ref> On 8 May, the SDLP rejected Sinn Féin's call for them to stand aside in some seats.<ref name="auto1" />

==Campaign==
===Background===
Prior to the calling of the general election, the Liberal Democrats gained Richmond Park from the Conservatives in a [[2016 Richmond Park by-election|by-election]], a seat characterised by its high Remain vote in the 2016 EU referendum.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/dec/02/lib-dems-unseat-zac-goldsmith-in-richmond-park-byelection |title=Richmond Park byelection: Tory Brexit voters switched to us, say Lib Dems |last=Walker |first=Peter |date=2 December 2016 |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref> The Conservatives held the [[safe seat]] of [[2016 Sleaford and North Hykeham by-election|Sleaford and North Hykeham]] in December 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bateman |first=Tom |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-38258976 |title=Conservatives hold Sleaford as Labour pushed into fourth |date=9 December 2016 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref> In by-elections on 23 February 2017, Labour held [[2017 Stoke-on-Trent Central by-election|Stoke-on-Trent Central]] but lost [[2017 Copeland by-election|Copeland]] to the Conservatives, the first time a governing party had gained a seat in a by-election since the Tories took [[Mitcham and Morden (UK Parliament constituency)|Mitcham and Morden]] in [[1982 Mitcham and Morden by-election|1982]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39064149 |title=Tories in historic by-election Copeland win as Labour holds Stoke |date=24 February 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref>

The general election came soon after the Northern Ireland [[2017 Northern Ireland Assembly election|Assembly election]] on 2 March. Talks on power-sharing between the DUP and Sinn Féin had failed to reach a conclusion, with Northern Ireland thus facing either another Assembly election, or the imposition of [[Direct rule over Northern Ireland|direct rule]]. The deadline was subsequently extended to 29 June.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-39651071 |title=Stormont power-sharing talks deadline set for 29 June |date=21 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=21 April 2017}}</ref>

[[2017 United Kingdom local elections|Local elections]] in England, Scotland and Wales took place on 4 May. These saw large gains by the Conservatives, and large losses by Labour and UKIP. Notably, the Conservatives won [[metro mayor]] elections in [[2017 Tees Valley mayoral election|Tees Valley]] and the [[2017 West Midlands mayoral election|West Midlands]], areas traditionally seen as Labour heartlands.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39817224 |title=Elections 2017 results: Tories win four new mayors |date=5 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=9 May 2017}}</ref> Initially scheduled for 4 May, a [[2017 Manchester Gorton by-election|by-election in Manchester Gorton]] was cancelled; the seat was contested on 8 June along with all the other seats.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-39635070 |title=Snap poll casts doubt over Manchester Gorton by-election |date=18 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=19 April 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-39646993 |title=Manchester Gorton by-election cancellation confirmed |date=19 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=20 April 2017 }}</ref>

On 6 May, a letter from Church of England Archbishops [[Justin Welby]] and [[John Sentamu]] stressed the importance of education, housing, communities and health.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.itv.com/news/2017-05-06/archbishops-of-canterbury-and-york-raise-election-concerns-in-letter/|title=Archbishops of Canterbury and York raise election concerns in letter|website=ITV News}}</ref>

All parties suspended campaigning for a time in the wake of the [[Manchester Arena bombing]] on 22 May.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/40009526 |title=Manchester attack: Election campaigning suspended |date=23 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=23 May 2017 }}</ref> The SNP had been scheduled to release their manifesto for the election but this was delayed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-40001904 |title=Manchester Arena attack: Sturgeon holds emergency meeting after blast |date=23 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=23 May 2017 }}</ref> Campaigning resumed on 25 May.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40026416 |title=Political parties resume general election campaign |date=24 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=24 May 2017}}</ref>

Major political parties also suspended campaigning for a second time on 4 June, following the [[2017 London Bridge attack|London Bridge attack]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40148918 |title=London attack: Parties suspend election campaigning |date=4 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=4 June 2017 }}</ref> UKIP chose to continue campaigning.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/04/demands-grow-social-media-calls-election-postponed/ |title=David Davis says UK legally 'locked into' General Election on June 8 after London Bridge terror attack amid calls to postpone polling day|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=4 June 2017|last1=Millward|first1=David|last2=Maidment|first2=Jack}}</ref> There were unsuccessful calls for polling day to be postponed.<ref name="telegraph.co.uk" />

===Issues===
====Brexit====
The [[Brexit|UK's withdrawal from the European Union]] was expected to be a key issue in the campaign,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Asthana |first1=Anushka |last2=Walker |first2=Peter |title=Theresa May calls for general election to secure Brexit mandate |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/18/theresa-may-calls-for-general-election-in-bid-to-secure-brexit-mandate |access-date=19 April 2017 |work=The Guardian |date=19 April 2017}}</ref> but featured less than expected.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dunt |first1=Ian |title=The Brexit Election That Wasn't |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/06/brexit-may-election-corbyn/529449/ |access-date=19 April 2017 |work=The Atlantic |date=8 June 2017}}</ref> May said she called the snap election to secure a majority for her [[Brexit negotiations]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/elections/2017/04/theresa-may-calling-early-election-full-statement |title=Theresa May on calling an early election: full statement |website=New Statesman  |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref> [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]] supported a "clean, quick and efficient Brexit" and, launching his party's election campaign, Nuttall stated that Brexit was a "job half done" and UKIP MPs were needed to "see this through to the end".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39742407 |title=General election 2017: UKIP needed to stop Brexit 'backsliding' |date=28 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=29 April 2017}}</ref>

Labour had supported Brexit in the previous parliament - Corbyn did not vote against the triggering of Article 50. Corbyn's actions in the previous parliament therefore dispelled the doubts of Labour voters who had voted to leave the EU.<ref>Eunice Goes, ‘Jez, We Can!’ Labour's Campaign: Defeat with a Taste of Victory, Parliamentary Affairs, Volume 71, Issue suppl_1, March 2018, Pages 59–71, https://doi.org/10.1093/pa/gsx062</ref> However, his vision for Brexit prioritised different plans for the UK outside the EU. He wanted to Britain to still maintain the benefits of the single market and the custom union.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://brexitcentral.com/labours-manifesto-says-brexit/ |title=What Labour’s manifesto says about Brexit |date=May 16, 2017 |website=brexitcentral.com |first=|last=Hugh Bennett |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521023306/https://brexitcentral.com/labours-manifesto-says-brexit/ |archive-date=21 May 2021}}</ref> The Liberal Democrats and Greens called for a deal to keep the UK in the [[European Single Market|single market]] and a [[referendum on the Brexit withdrawal agreement|second referendum on any deal]] proposed between the EU and the UK.<ref>{{cite news |title='This is your chance,' Lib Dems tell voters opposed to Hard Brexit |url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/15230750._This_is_your_chance___Lib_Dems_tell_voters_opposed_to_Hard_Brexit/ |access-date=23 April 2017 |work=The Herald |date=18 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-second-eu-referendum-green-party-caroline-lucas-leader-elected-a7222221.html |title=Green Party leader Caroline Lucas calls for second EU referendum |date=2 September 2016 |work=The Independent|access-date=19 April 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tim-farron-general-election-liberal-democrat-leader-snap-change-country-direction-chance-june-8-a7688486.html |title=Lib Dem leader Tim Farron responds to Theresa May's general election announcement |date=18 April 2017 |work=The Independent|access-date=19 April 2017 }}</ref>

The Conservative manifesto committed the party to leaving the single market and [[European Union Customs Union|customs union]], but sought a "deep and special partnership" through a comprehensive free trade and customs agreement. It proposed seeking to remain part of some EU programmes where it would "be reasonable that we make a contribution", staying as a signatory of the [[European Convention on Human Rights]] over the next parliament, and maintaining the [[Human Rights Act 1998|Human Rights Act]] during Brexit negotiations. Parliament would be able to amend or repeal EU legislation once converted into UK law, and have a vote on the final agreement.<ref name=":14" />

====Security====
Two major terrorist attacks took place during the election campaign, with parties arguing about the best way to prevent such events.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mason |first1=Rowena |last2=Asthana |first2=Anushka |title=May puts Manchester attack at heart of election with attack on Corbyn |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/26/may-puts-manchester-bombing-at-heart-of-election-with-attack-on-corbyn |access-date=5 June 2017 |work=The Guardian |date=27 May 2017}}</ref><ref name=":Peck:">{{cite news |last1=Peck |first1=Tom |title=Jeremy Corbyn 'right to blame terror attacks on UK foreign policy' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/manchester-attack-jeremy-corbyn-general-election-2017-foreign-policy-wars-blame-barry-gardiner-today-a7756586.html |access-date=5 June 2017 |work=The Independent |date=26 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40154361 |title=Jeremy Corbyn and Theresa May clash over security |date=5 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=6 June 2017 }}</ref> May, after the second attack, focused on global co-operation to tackle Islamist ideology and tackling the use of the internet by terrorist groups.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-40148737 |title=London attack: Theresa May says enough is enough after seven die |date=4 June 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=June 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |title=Theresa May calls for global internet regulation to prevent terrorism |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/world/theresa-may-calls-for-global-internet-regulation-to-prevent-terrorism-4688917/ |access-date=5 June 2017 |work=The Indian Express |date=4 June 2017}}</ref> After the first attack, Labour criticised cuts in police numbers under the Conservative government.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/jeremy-corbyn-demands-end-police-13096424 |title=Corbyn demands end to police cuts after Manchester attack |first=Jonathan |last=Walker |date=26 May 2017}}</ref> Corbyn also linked the Manchester attack to British foreign policy.<ref name=":Peck:" /> The Conservatives stated that spending on counter-terrorism for both the police and other agencies had risen.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40060677 |title=Reality Check: What has happened to police numbers? |date=26 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=7 June 2017 }}</ref>

Former Conservative strategist [[Steve Hilton]] said Theresa May should be "resigning not seeking re-election", because her police cuts and security failures had led to the attacks.<ref name="resign independent">{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/theresa-may-resign-security-failures-steve-hilton-london-attack-manchester-westminster-terror-david-a7772931.html |title=Theresa May must resign over 'security failures' that led to recent terror attacks, says David Cameron's former policy guru Steve Hilton accused the Prime Minister and her spin doctors of 'blame-shifting' |author=Joe Watts |website=The Independent |date=5 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="resign telegraph">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/05/david-camerons-former-aide-steve-hilton-calls-theresa-may-resign/ |title=David Cameron's former aide Steve Hilton calls on Theresa May to resign over terror 'failures' |author=Laura Hughes |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=5 June 2017}}</ref> Corbyn backed calls for May to resign, but said she should be removed by voters.<ref name="resign guardian">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/05/jeremy-corbyn-theresa-may-resign-police-cuts |title=Jeremy Corbyn backs calls for Theresa May to resign over police cuts |website=The Guardian |date=5 June 2017}}</ref> May said that police budgets for counter-terrorism had been maintained and that Corbyn had voted against counter-terrorism legislation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40154361 |title=Jeremy Corbyn and Theresa May clash over security |date=5 June 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>

The Conservative manifesto proposed more [[Internet censorship in the United Kingdom|government control and regulation]] of the [[Internet in the United Kingdom|Internet]], including forcing Internet companies to restrict access to extremist and adult content.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Griffin |first1=Andrew |title=Theresa May To Create New Internet That Would Be Controlled And Regulated By Government |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/theresa-may-internet-conservatives-government-a7744176.html |access-date=5 June 2017 |work=The Independent |date=19 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Tamplin |first1=Harley |url=http://metro.co.uk/2017/05/19/tories-want-to-regulate-the-internet-with-greater-control-of-facebook-and-google-6648531/ |title=Tories want to 'regulate' the internet with greater control of Facebook and Google |date=19 May 2017 |access-date=5 June 2017 |work=Metro}}</ref> After the London attack, Theresa May called for international agreements to regulate the internet.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Riley |first1=Charles |title=Theresa May: Internet must be regulated to prevent terrorism |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/06/04/technology/social-media-terrorism-extremism-london/ |access-date=5 June 2017 |publisher=CNN |date=4 June 2017}}</ref> The Conservative stance on regulation of the internet and social media was criticised by Farron and the [[Open Rights Group]].<ref name=bbc123>{{cite news |title=London attack: PM's condemnation of tech firms criticised |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-40149649 |access-date=4 June 2017 |publisher=BBC |date=4 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Elgot |first1=Jessica |title=Tim Farron warns of win for terrorists if web is made surveillance tool |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/05/tim-farron-warns-of-win-for-terrorists-if-web-is-made-a-surveillance-tool |access-date=5 June 2017 |work=The Guardian |date=5 June 2017}}</ref>

On 6 June, May promised longer prison sentences for people convicted of terrorism and restrictions on the [[Freedom of movement#United Kingdom|freedom of movement]] or [[UK immigration enforcement#Deportation|deportation]] of militant suspects when it is thought they present a threat but there is not enough evidence to prosecute them, stating that she would change [[Human rights in the United Kingdom|human rights]] laws to do so if necessary.<ref>{{cite news |last1=James |first1=William |title=UK's May says ready to curb human rights laws to fight extremism |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-security-may-rights-idUSKBN18X2JA?il=0 |access-date=7 June 2017 |work=Reuters |date=6 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=McGuinness |first1=Alan |title=Theresa May says she will rip up human rights laws to fight terror |url=http://news.sky.com/story/theresa-may-says-she-will-rip-up-human-rights-laws-to-fight-terror-10906543 |access-date=7 June 2017 |publisher=Sky News |date=7 June 2017}}</ref>

The UK's nuclear weapons, including the renewal of [[Trident nuclear programme|the Trident system]], also featured in the campaign.<ref name="trident">{{cite news |last1=Mason |first1=Rowena |title=Corbyn refuses to back Trident but says he will respect Labour position |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/26/jeremy-corbyn-trident-labour-manifesto-commitment |access-date=7 June 2017 |work=The Guardian |date=26 May 2017}}</ref> The Conservatives and Liberal Democrats favoured Trident renewal.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39702865 |title=General Election 2017: Lib Dems to keep 'nuclear deterrent' |date=25 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date= 7 June 2017}}</ref> Labour's manifesto committed to Trident renewal; Corbyn confirmed renewal would take place under Labour, but declined to explicitly speak in favour.<ref name="trident" /> He also declined to answer whether as prime minister he would use nuclear weapons if the UK was under imminent nuclear threat.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Merrick |first1=Rob |title=Jeremy Corbyn heckled by debate audience for refusing to say if he would fire nuclear weapons |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/corbyn-nuclear-weapons-heckled-bbc-question-time-leaders-special-video-a7770446.html |access-date=7 June 2017 |work=The Independent |date=2 June 2017}}</ref>

====Social care====
Social care became a major election issue after the Conservative Party's manifesto included new proposals, which were subsequently altered after criticism.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/social-care-network/2017/may/24/election-manifestos-social-care |title=What do the election manifestos pledge for social care? |first=Melanie |last=Henwood |date=24 May 2017 |work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kentish |first1=Ben |title=George Osborne attacks 'badly thought through' Tory social care policy |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/george-osborne-conserative-social-care-policy-badly-thought-through-conservative-manifesto-2017-a7760931.html |access-date=7 June 2017 |work=The Independent |date=28 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hughes |first1=Laura |title=Theresa May announces 'dementia tax' U-turn |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/22/theresa-may-expected-announce-dementia-tax-u-turn/ |access-date=7 June 2017 |work=The Telegraph |date=22 May 2017}}</ref> The previous coalition government had commissioned a review by [[Andrew Dilnot]] into how to fund social care.<ref>{{cite news |title=Conservative manifesto: Social care plans spark criticism |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39967486 |access-date=7 June 2017 |work=BBC News |date=18 May 2017}}</ref> Measures that were seen to disadvantage pensioners were also in the Conservative manifesto: eliminating the [[State Pension (United Kingdom)#Pensions Act 2007|pension triple lock]] and [[Winter Fuel Payment]]s for all pensioners.

====Scottish independence and the future of the UK====
{{Main|Proposed second Scottish independence referendum}}
The question of a proposed [[Scottish independence]] referendum was also thought likely to influence the campaign in [[Scotland]]. On 28 March 2017, the Scottish Parliament approved a motion requesting that Westminster pass a Section 30 order giving the Parliament the authority to hold a second independence referendum,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/mar/28/scottish-parliament-votes-for-second-independence-referendum-nicola-sturgeon |title=Scottish parliament votes for second independence referendum |last=Carrel |first=Severin |date=28 March 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref> suggesting that there had been a "material change of circumstances" since the [[2014 Scottish independence referendum|independence referendum in 2014]] as a result of Britain's vote to leave the EU and Scotland's vote to remain.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-03-13/scotlands-leader-seeks-new-independence-referendum/8350958 |title=Scotland's leader Sturgeon seeks independence referendum in bid to remain in EU |date=13 March 2017 |work=ABC News |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref> The SNP hoped to hold a second independence referendum once the Brexit terms a
were clear but before Britain left the EU; May said her government would not approve an independence referendum before [[Brexit negotiations]] had finished.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/16/theresa-may-formally-rejects-nicola-sturgeons-timetable-second/ |title=Theresa May tells Nicola Sturgeon 'now is not the time' for second independence referendum |work=The Telegraph |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref> After the final results were announced the SNP had lost 13% of the Scottish vote and one third of their seats - leading Sturgeon to conclude that, “Undoubtedly the issue of an independence referendum was a factor in this election result, but I think there were other factors as well”.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/09/nicola-sturgeon-hints-independence-off-agenda-catastrophic-losses |title=Nicola Sturgeon hints independence off agenda after SNP loses seats |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |first=Severin |last=Carrell |date=9 June 2017  |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181027210254/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/09/nicola-sturgeon-hints-independence-off-agenda-catastrophic-losses |archive-date=27 October 2018}}</ref>

====University tuition fees====
Labour was thought to have attracted a significant number of student voters with its pledge to abolish tuition fees, which stands at £9,250 a year in England, and bring back student grants.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Swinford |first1=Steven |title=Labour stuck in EU muddle as leaders fail to agree on single market policy |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/13/labour-stuck-eu-muddle-leaders-fail-agree-single-market-policy/ |access-date=13 June 2017 |work=The Telegraph |date=13 June 2017}}</ref>

====Possible coalitions====
Although Labour and the Liberal Democrats both rejected election pacts with each other and with the Greens and the SNP, and although the Liberal Democrats ruled out a coalition deal with the Conservatives, the Conservatives campaigned on the proposition that such deals might nevertheless occur, using the phrase "coalition of chaos".<ref name="theguardian1" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/theresa-may-attacks-progressive-alliance-lib-dems-labour-greens-snp-wont-happen-a7691406.html |title=Theresa May is attacking the idea of a Labour-Lib Dem progressive alliance against her – she needn't worry |date=19 April 2017 |work=The Independent |access-date=19 April 2017 }}</ref> Similar messages against a potential [[Lib–Lab pact]] were credited with securing a Conservative win in the [[1992 United Kingdom general election|1992]] and [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015]] elections.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.conservativehome.com/thecolumnists/2017/04/lewis-baston-those-predicting-conservative-hegemony-should-remember-1992.html |title=Lewis Baston: Those predicting Conservative hegemony should remember 1992 {{!}} Conservative Home |work=Conservative Home |access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref> On 19 April, May warned against a Labour–SNP–Lib Dem pact that would "divide our country".<ref name=":3">{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/theresa-may-progressive-alliance-snp-lib-dems-labour-unite-to-divide-the-country-a7691016.html |title=Theresa May attacks 'progressive alliance' of SNP, Lib Dems and Labour |date=19 April 2017 |work=The Independent |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref> After the hung result led the Conservatives to seek DUP support for a minority government, this rhetoric was mocked by opponents.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/09/tim-farron-mocks-theresa-mays-own-coalition-of-chaos |title=Tim Farron mocks Theresa May's 'own coalition of chaos' |first=Jessica |last=Elgot |date=9 June 2017 |work=The Guardian}}</ref>

===Party campaigns===
====Conservatives====
May launched the Conservative campaign with a focus on Brexit, lower domestic taxes and avoiding a Labour–SNP-Lib Dem "coalition of chaos", but she refused to commit not to raise taxes.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39662598 |title=General election 2017: Corbyn attacks Tories over 'super-sized' classes |date=21 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=21 April 2017}}</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/22/theresa-may-fails-rule-tax-rises/ |title=Theresa May refuses to rule out raising taxes |work=The Telegraph|access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref> On 30 April, May stated that it was her intention to lower taxes if the Conservatives won the general election, but only explicitly ruled out raising VAT.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/30/theresa-may-refuses-say-taxes-will-fall-conservatives-win-election/ |title=Theresa May rules out increase to VAT before 2022 but not hikes to income tax and National Insurance prompting fears of tax raid on higher earners|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=30 April 2017|last1=Hope|first1=Christopher}}</ref> May reiterated her commitment to spending 0.7% of [[Gross national income|GNI]] on foreign aid.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Coates |first1=Sam |title=May takes on the right with commitment to foreign&nbsp;aid |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/may-takes-on-the-right-with-commitment-to-foreign-aid-90bsr5gmk |access-date=24 April 2017 |work=[[The Times]] |url-access=subscription  |date=22 April 2017}}</ref>

May hired [[Lynton Crosby]], the campaign manager for the Conservatives in the 2015 general election, as well as former [[President of the United States]] [[Barack Obama]]'s [[2012 United States presidential election|2012]] [[2012 Barack Obama presidential campaign|campaign]] manager, [[Jim Messina (political staffer)|Jim Messina]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.politico.eu/article/theresa-may-hires-former-obama-campaign-chief/ |title=Theresa May hires former Obama campaign chief |date=24 April 2017 |work=POLITICO |last1=Kroet |first1=Cynthia |access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2017-04-18/theresa-may-seeks-snap-u-k-elections-on-june-8 |title=May Chases an Early U.K. Election in Gamble for Brexit Unity |date=18 April 2017 |work=Bloomberg News |last2=Morales |first2=Alex |last3=Ross |first3=Tim |last1=Hutton |first1=Robert |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref> The Conservative campaign was noted for the use of targeted adverts on social media, in particular attacking Corbyn.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/15/tory-facebook-ads-attack-corbyn-while-labour-avoids-mentioning-him |title=Conservatives launch online offensive against Corbyn |last=Booth |first=Robert |date=15 May 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=16 May 2017}}</ref> The repeated use of the phrase "[[strong and stable]]" in the Conservatives' campaigning attracted attention and criticism.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39730467 |title='Strong and stable' – Why politicians keep repeating themselves |work=BBC News|access-date=28 April 2017}}</ref> Some expressed concern that the party may have restricted media access to the prime minister.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/cornwall-live-reporter-locked-in-room-banned-filming-theresa-may-factory-tour-general-election-a7713311.html |title=Reporters 'locked in room and banned from filming' on Theresa May factory visit |newspaper=Independent |access-date=4 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/tories-accused-contempt-media-after-cornish-journalists-get-restricted-access-subbed-1619677 |title=Tories accused of contempt for media after Cornish journalists get 'restricted' access |newspaper=IB Times |access-date=4 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/02/local-journalists-respond-furiously-theresa-may-shuts-cornwall/ |title=Local journalists furious after Theresa May shuts them out of Cornwall factory visit |work=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=4 May 2017}}</ref> While some speculated that an investigation into [[United Kingdom general election, 2015 party spending investigation|campaign spending by the Conservatives in the 2015 general election]] was a factor behind the snap election,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/theresa-may-general-election-expenses-scandal-distract-schedule-mps-tory-party-paul-nuttall-david-a7690106.html |title=Theresa May scheduled the general election to distract from expenses scandal, say MPs |last=Osborne |first=Samuel |date=19 April 2017 |work=The Independent|access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tory-election-fraud-prosecutions-cps-election-campaign-result-overturn-battle-bus-a7689801.html |title=Tory MPs face being prosecuted for electoral fraud while they are fighting the upcoming general election campaign |date=18 April 2017 |work=The Independent|access-date=19 April 2017 }}</ref> on 10 May the [[Crown Prosecution Service]] said that despite evidence of inaccurate spending returns, no further action was required.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39865801 |title=No charges over 2015 Conservative battle bus cases |date=10 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=10 May 2017}}</ref>

On 7 May the Conservatives promised to replace the [[Mental Health Act 1983|1983 Mental Health Act]], to employ an additional 10,000 NHS mental health workers by 2020 and to tackle discrimination against those with mental health problems.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39832997 |title=General election 2017: Conservatives pledge to end mental health 'injustice' |date=7 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=7 May 2017}}</ref> May indicated that the Conservatives would maintain their net immigration target, and promised to implement a cap on "rip-off energy prices",<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39840503 |title=Immigration: Tories to keep 'tens of thousands' target |date=8 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=8 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39852119 |title=General election 2017: PM vows to end 'rip-off' energy bills |date=8 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=8 May 2017}}</ref> a policy that appeared in Labour's 2015 manifesto.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stewart |first1=Heather |last2=Elgot |first2=Jessica |title=Tories accused of stealing Labour's energy price cap promise |url=https://www.theguardian.com/money/2017/apr/23/tory-energy-bill-cap-will-save-families-100-damian-green-says |access-date=12 May 2017 |work=The Guardian |date=23 April 2017}}</ref> May indicated she would permit a free vote among Conservative MPs on repealing the [[Hunting Act 2004|ban on fox hunting in England and Wales]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39861011 |title=Theresa May: I'm in favour of fox hunting |date=9 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=13 June 2017}}</ref> On 11 May the Conservatives promised above-inflation increases in defence spending alongside its [[NATO]] commitment to spend at least 2% of GDP on defence.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39881494 |title=General election: Conservatives pledge above-inflation defence rises |date=11 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=11 May 2017}}</ref>

In a speech in [[Tynemouth]] the next day, May said Labour had "deserted" working-class voters, criticised Labour's policy proposals and said Britain's future depended on making a success of Brexit.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39891663 |title=General election 2017: May says she won't duck challenges |date=12 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=13 May 2017}}</ref> On 14 May the Conservatives proposed a "new generation" of [[Public housing in the United Kingdom|social housing]], paid from the existing capital budget, offering funding to local authorities and changing [[Compulsory purchase in England and Wales|compulsory purchase]] rules.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39911569 |title=General election 2017: Tory housing plan 'paid from existing budget' |date=14 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=14 May 2017}}</ref> The following day May promised "a new deal for workers" that would maintain [[United Kingdom labour law|workers' rights]] currently protected by the EU after Brexit, put worker representation on company boards, introduce a statutory right to [[Leave of absence|unpaid leave]] to care for a relative and increase the [[National Living Wage]] in line with average earnings until 2022.<ref name=":10">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39917472 |title=General election 2017: Workers' rights protections promised by Tories |date=15 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref> The proposals were characterised as an "unabashed pitch for Labour voters"; however Labour and the [[GMB (trade union)|GMB trade union]] criticised the government's past record on workers' rights.<ref name=":10" />

Unveiling the Conservative manifesto in [[Halifax, West Yorkshire|Halifax]] on 18 May, May promised a "mainstream government that would deliver for mainstream Britain".<ref name=":13">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39956541 |title=Conservative manifesto: Theresa May targets mainstream Britain' |date=18 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=18 May 2017}}</ref> It proposed to balance the budget by 2025, raise spending on the NHS by £8bn per year and on schools by £4bn per year by 2022, remove the ban on [[grammar school]]s, [[Means-tested benefit|means-test]] the [[Winter Fuel Payment|winter fuel allowance]], replace the [[State Pension (United Kingdom)|state pension]] "triple lock" with a "double lock" and require executive pay to be approved by a vote of shareholders.<ref name=":13" /> It dropped the 2015 pledge to not raise income tax or national insurance contributions but maintained a commitment to freeze [[Value-added tax|VAT]].<ref name=":13" /> New [[sovereign wealth fund]]s for infrastructure, rules to prevent foreign takeovers of "critical national infrastructure" and [[Institute of technology|institutes of technology]] were also proposed.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/18/theresa-may-launches-conservative-manifesto-for-community-and-country |title=May signals break with Thatcherism in manifesto for 'country and community' |last1=Mason |first1=Rowena |date=18 May 2017 |work=The Guardian|access-date=18 May 2017 |last2=Stewart |first2=Heather}}</ref> The manifesto was noted for its intervention in industry, lack of tax cuts and increased spending commitments on public services.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39965837 |title=Conservative manifesto: Theresa May's 'mainstream' pitch |last=Kuenssberg |first=Laura |date=18 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=18 May 2017}}</ref> On Brexit it committed to leaving the single market and [[European Union Customs Union|customs union]] while seeking a "deep and special partnership" and promised a vote in parliament on the final agreement.<ref name=":14">{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39960311 |title=Conservative manifesto summary: Key points at-a-glance |date=18 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=18 May 2017}}</ref> The manifesto was noted for containing similar policies to those found in Labour's 2015 general election manifesto.<ref name="newstatesman">{{cite news |last=Chakelian |first=Anoosh |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/june2017/2017/05/are-media-biased-against-jeremy-corbyn-just-look-how-theresa-may-s |title=Are the media biased against Jeremy Corbyn? Just look at how Theresa May's policies are covered |work=[[New Statesman]] |date=18 May 2017 |access-date=20 May 2017}}</ref>

The manifesto also proposed reforms to [[social care in England]] that would raise the threshold for free care from £23,250 to £100,000, while including property in the means test and permitting deferred payment after death.<ref name=":13" /> After attracting substantial media attention, four days after the manifesto launch, May stated that the proposed social care reforms would now include an "absolute limit" on costs in contrast to the rejection of a cap in the manifesto.<ref name=":16">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40001221 |title=General election: Theresa May changes social care plans |date=22 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=22 May 2017}}</ref> She criticised the "fake" portrayal of the policy in recent days by Labour and other critics, who had termed it a "dementia tax".<ref name=":16" /> ''[[London Evening Standard|Evening Standard]]'' editor and former Conservative Chancellor [[George Osborne]] called the policy change a "U-turn".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-election-care-osborne-idUKKBN18I160 |title=May to change social care pledge, George Osborne says |date=22 May 2017 |agency=Reuters UK |access-date=22 May 2017}}</ref>

The Conservative Party manifesto at the 2017 general election proposed repealing the [[Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011]].<ref>[https://www.conservatives.com/manifesto Conservative Party 2017 manifesto], p. 43</ref>

====Labour====
Corbyn launched the Labour campaign focusing on public spending, and argued that services were being underfunded, particularly education.<ref name=":2" /> Labour's [[Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union|shadow Brexit secretary]], [[Keir Starmer]], stated that the party would replace the existing Brexit white paper with new negotiating priorities that emphasise the benefits of the [[Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union|single market]] and [[European Union Customs Union|customs union]], that the residence rights of EU nationals would be guaranteed and that the principle of [[Freedom of movement|free movement]] would have to end.<ref name=":4">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/24/labour-vows-to-rip-up-and-rethink-brexit-white-paper |title=Labour vows to rip up and rethink Brexit white paper |author=Anushka Asthana |date=24 April 2017 |work=The Guardian|access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39698465 |title=General Election 2017: Labour's 'day one' pledge to EU nationals |date=25 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref> Corbyn emphasised Labour's support for a "jobs-first Brexit" that "safeguards the future of Britain's vital industries".<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39852719 |title=Jeremy Corbyn says elites trying to 'hijack Brexit' |date=9 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=9 May 2017}}</ref>

[[File:Jeremy Corbyn speaking at the Labour Party General Election Launch 2017.jpg|alt=Jeremy Corbyn speaking|thumb|Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn launching the party's general election campaign on 9 May 2017 in Manchester.]]
Labour proposed the creation of four new [[bank holiday]]s, marking the [[Calendar of saints|feast days]] of the [[patron saint]]s of the United Kingdom's constituent nations.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/22/analysis-jeremy-corbyns-team-nailed-perfect-election-slogan/ |title=Jeremy Corbyn celebrates St George's Day by vowing to create four new bank holidays |work=The Telegraph|access-date=23 April 2017 }}</ref> On 27 April the party pledged to build 1&nbsp;million new homes over five years.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39729595 |title=General election 2017: Labour pledges to build 1&nbsp;m new homes |date=27 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=14 May 2017}}</ref> Labour's proposal to employ 10,000 new police officers was overshadowed when [[Shadow Home Secretary]] [[Diane Abbott]] cited incorrect figures in a widely publicised [[gaffe]] in an [[LBC]] interview on 2 May on how it would be funded.<ref>{{cite news |title=Diane Abbott says she 'misspoke' on Labour's police policy |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39775693 |access-date=3 May 2017 |work=BBC News|date=2 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Syal |first1=Rajeev |last2=Topping |first2=Alexandra |title=Labour will put 10,000 extra police on streets, vows Jeremy Corbyn |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/may/01/labour-will-put-10000-extra-police-streets-vows-jeremy-corbyn |access-date=3 May 2017 |work=The Guardian |date=2 May 2017}}</ref> Labour later stated that the £300&nbsp;million cost would be funded by reversing cuts to [[capital gains tax]]es, although it was noted that the party had also pledged some of those savings towards other expenditure plans.<ref>{{cite news |title=Corbyn defends Diane Abbott after she stumbles over maths in interview gaffe |url=http://www.itv.com/news/2017-05-02/diane-abbott-suggests-10-000-new-police-officers-pledged-by-labour-to-earn-30-per-year-in-interview-gaffe/ |access-date=3 May 2017 |work=ITV News |date=2 May 2017 }}</ref>

On 7 May, Shadow Chancellor [[John McDonnell]] ruled out rises in VAT and in income tax and employee national insurance contributions for those with earnings below £80,000 per year.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39829723 |title=General election 2017: Labour rules out tax rises for 95% of earners |date=7 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=7 May 2017}}</ref> The following day Labour outlined plans to ban [[junk food]] TV adverts and parking charges at NHS hospitals.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39838028 |title=General election 2017: Labour proposes junk food ad ban |date=8 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=8 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/39847239 |title=General election: Labour 'would axe NHS parking charges' |date=8 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=8 May 2017}}</ref> Labour promised an additional £4.8&nbsp;billion for education, funded by raising [[United Kingdom corporation tax|corporation tax]] from 19% to 26%.<ref name=":7">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39865800 |title=General election 2017: Labour and Lib Dems pledge school cash |date=10 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=10 May 2017}}</ref>

A draft copy of Labour's manifesto was leaked to the ''Daily Mirror'' and ''The Daily Telegraph'' on 10 May.<ref name=":9">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-39877439 |title=General election 2017: Labour manifesto draft leaked |date=11 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=13 May 2017}}</ref> It included pledges to renationalise the [[National Grid plc|National Grid]], railways, and the [[Royal Mail]] and create publicly owned energy companies. The draft was noted for including commitments to workers' rights, a ban on [[fracking]], and the abolition of university [[tuition fees in England]].<ref name=":9" /> The draft manifesto included a commitment to the [[Trident nuclear programme|Trident]] nuclear deterrent, but suggested a future government would be "extremely cautious" about using it.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.sky.com/story/labour-manifesto-leak-renationalise-rail-buses-energy-and-royal-mail-10871964 |title=Labour manifesto leak: Renationalise rail, buses, energy and Royal Mail |publisher=Sky News |date=11 May 2017}}</ref> The next day Labour's Clause V meeting endorsed the manifesto after amendments from shadow cabinet members and trade unions present.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/labour-manifesto-2017-immigration-and-freedom-of-movement-brexit-language-toughened-up_uk_5914983be4b00b643ebc5645 |title=Brexit And Immigration Message Toughened in Labour Manifesto |last=Waugh |first=Paul |date=11 May 2017 |work=HuffPost |access-date=13 May 2017}}</ref>

In a speech at [[Chatham House]] on 12 May, Corbyn set out his foreign policy, saying he would reshape Britain's foreign relations, avoid the use of nuclear weapons, and while Labour supported Trident renewal he would initiate a defence review in government.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39892281 |title=General election 2017: Corbyn says task is to keep Britain safe |date=12 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=13 May 2017}}</ref> Corbyn stated that he would halt all weapons sales from the [[Saudi Arabia–United Kingdom relations|UK to Saudi Arabia]] citing the [[Human rights violations during the Yemeni Civil War (2015-present)#Saudi Arabian involvement in civil war|violations of human rights]] in the [[Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dudley |first1=Dominic |title=Corbyn Vows To End UK Arms Sales To Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/dominicdudley/2017/05/12/corbyn-vows-to-end-uk-arms-sales-to-saudi-arabia/ |access-date=5 June 2017 |work=Forbes |date=12 May 2017}}</ref> After the [[2017 London Bridge attack]], Corbyn said that a conversation should take place "with Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states that have funded and fuelled extremist ideology".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stone |first1=Jon |title=London terror attack: Jeremy Corbyn tells Theresa May 'you cannot protect the public on the cheap' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/london-bridge-terror-attack-jeremy-corbyn-theresa-may-police-cuts-protect-public-cheap-general-a7772621.html |access-date=5 June 2017 |work=The Independent |date=5 June 2017}}</ref>

On 14 May, Labour revealed plans to extend [[Stamp duty in the United Kingdom|stamp duty]] by introducing a [[Financial transaction tax|financial transactions tax]], which McDonnell claimed would raise up to £5.6bn per year.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39910293 |title=General election 2017: 'Robin Hood tax' on City pledged by Labour |date=14 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=14 May 2017}}</ref> The next day Corbyn set out plans to spend £37bn on the [[National Health Service (England)|NHS in England]] over a five-year parliament, including £10bn on IT upgrades and building repairs.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39916367 |title=General election 2017: Labour pledges £37bn for the NHS by 2022 |date=15 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref>

Launching its manifesto officially on 16 May, Labour revealed it would nationalise the [[United Kingdom water companies|water industry]], provide 30 hours per week of free [[Child care in the United Kingdom|childcare]] for two- to four-year-olds, charge companies a levy on annual earnings above £330,000, lower the 45p income [[Taxation in the United Kingdom|tax rate]] threshold to £80,000 per year, and reintroduce the 50p tax rate for those earning more than £123,000 per year.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39930278 |title=General election 2017: Labour 'plans water industry nationalisation' |last=Kuenssberg |first=Laura |date=15 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/15/labour-reveals-fat-cat-tax-pledge-aimed-at-reining-in-excessive-pay |title=Labour reveals 'fat cat' tax pledge aimed at reining in excessive pay |last1=Asthana |first1=Anushka |date=15 May 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=15 May 2017 |last2=Carrell |first2=Severin}}</ref> Labour said it would raise an additional £48.6bn in tax revenue per year and insisted its policies were fully costed, though it was noted no costings were provided for its nationalisation pledges.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/16/labour-proposes-45p-income-tax-above-80000 |title=Labour proposes 45p income tax above £80,000 |last=Mason |first=Rowena |date=16 May 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=16 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39930865 |title=Labour manifesto: Income tax to increase for earners over £80,000 |date=16 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=16 May 2017}}</ref> Compared to the leaked draft, the manifesto was noted for toughening Labour's position on defence and Trident, confirming that outside the EU free movement would have to end, qualifying support for airport expansion, and clarifying the party's stance on [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict|Israel-Palestine]], as well as other changes.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39937090 |title=Labour manifesto 2017: What has changed from the draft document? |date=16 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=16 May 2017}}</ref> After initial confusion, Labour clarified it would not reverse the government's freeze on most working-age benefits.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/labour-manifesto-benefits-freeze_uk_591b2d92e4b05dd15f0bc9cc |title=Labour Changes Its Benefits Freeze Policy Four Times in Five Hours After Manifesto Launch |last=Bennett |first=Owen |date=16 May 2017 |work=HuffPost |access-date=19 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-20107-latest-labour-manifesto-benefits-freeze-cap-jeremy-corbyn-a7739471.html |title=Labour finally admit they would not end four-year freeze on benefits |last=Merrick |first=Rob |date=16 May 2017 |work=The Independent |access-date=19 May 2017}}</ref>

In an interview following the manifesto launch, [[Unite the Union|Unite]] general secretary [[Len McCluskey]] said victory for Labour in the general election would be "extraordinary" and that winning just 200 seats (compared to 229 seats held at the time) would be a "successful" result; the following morning he clarified he was now "optimistic" about Labour's chances.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39944331 |title=General election 2017: Len McCluskey 'now optimistic Labour can win' |date=17 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=17 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/16/labour-proposes-45p-income-tax-above-80000 |title=Union leader's comments overshadow £50bn Labour manifesto pledge |last1=Mason |first1=Rowena |date=16 May 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=17 May 2017 |last2=Asthana |first2=Anushka}}</ref>

====SNP====
The SNP, keen to maintain its position as the third-largest party in the House of Commons, made the need to protect Scotland's interests in the Brexit negotiations a central part of its campaign.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-39991246 |title=SNP offers 'strong voice' in Brexit negotiations |date=21 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=4 June 2017}}</ref> The SNP manifesto called for a vote on independence to be held "at the end of the Brexit process", set out "anti-austerity" plans to invest £118bn in UK public services over the next five years, pledged to increase the minimum wage to £10 an hour and called for Scotland to have control over immigration and to remain in the EU single market after Brexit.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-40086276 |title=Election 2017: SNP manifesto calls for referendum 'at end of Brexit process' |date=30 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=4 June 2017}}</ref> With the polls closing, Nicola Sturgeon told the [[Today (BBC Radio 4)|Today programme]] that the SNP could support a Labour government "on an issue-by-issue basis" in the event of a hung parliament and she would be open to forming a "progressive alternative to a Conservative government".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40131538 |title=SNP open to backing Labour government 'issue-by-issue' |date=2 June 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=4 June 2017}}</ref>

====Liberal Democrats====
Central themes of the Liberal Democrat campaign were an offer of a [[referendum on the Brexit withdrawal agreement|referendum on any eventual Brexit deal]] and a desire for the UK to stay in the single market.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/22/tim-farron-lib-dems-general-election-labour-corbyn-conservatives-may |title=Tim Farron: 'If you want to prevent hard Brexit then the Lib Dems have a clear message' |author=Tim Farron |date=22 April 2017 |work=The Observer|access-date=23 April 2017}}</ref> The party reportedly targeted seats which had voted to remain in the EU, such as [[Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Twickenham]], [[Oxford West and Abingdon (UK Parliament constituency)|Oxford West and Abingdon]], and [[Vauxhall (UK Parliament constituency)|Vauxhall]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/22/revealed-hit-list-pro-eu-tory-mps-lib-dems-targeting-brexit/ |title=Revealed: The 'hit list' of Pro-EU Tory MPs the Lib Dems are targeting in Brexit election purge |work=The Telegraph|access-date=26 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/24/lib-dems-kate-hoey-labour-brexit-vauxhall |title=Lib Dems target Brexit-backing Labour MP Kate Hoey in Vauxhall |last=Elgot |first=Jessica |date=24 April 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=26 April 2017}}</ref> [[Bob Marshall-Andrews]], a Labour MP from 1997 to 2010, announced he would support the Liberal Democrats.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/news/disillusioned-corbyn-ally-defects-to-the-lib-dems-bpkjcrl5b |title=Disillusioned Corbyn ally defects to the Lib Dems |last=Coates |first=Sam |date=20 April 2017 |work=The Times |access-date=20 April 2017}} {{subscription required}}</ref>

The party reported a surge in membership after the election was called, passing 100,000 on 24 April, having grown by 12,500 in the preceding week.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39694417 |title=Lib Dem membership tops 100,000 after snap election call |date=24 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=24 April 2017}}</ref> The party also reported raising £500,000 in donations in the first 48 hours after May's announcement of an early election.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39665212 |title=General election 2017: Lib Dem raise £500,000 in 48 hours |date=21 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=24 April 2017}}</ref>

An early issue raised in the campaign was Tim Farron's views, as a Christian, regarding gay sex and LGBT rights. After declining to state whether he thought gay sex was a [[Christian views on sin|sin]], Farron affirmed that he believed neither being gay nor having gay sex are sinful.<ref name="Gay sex sin">Initial refusal:
*{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tim-farron-lib-dem-election-brexit-gay-lgbt-sinners-liberal-democrats-fish-frogs-tweet-a7690771.html |title=The Lib Dems' big election fightback has been hit by one huge problem |date=19 April 2017 |work=The Independent|access-date=22 April 2017}}
*{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/19/absolute-disgrace-tim-farron-fire-refusing-answer-asked-gay/ |title='Absolute disgrace': Tim Farron under fire for refusing to answer when asked if being gay is a sin |work=The Telegraph|access-date=22 April 2017}}
Subsequent explanation:
*{{Cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tim-farron-gay-people-sin-denial-lib-dems-election-campaign-a7692091.html |title=I do not think being gay is a sin, Tim Farron says |date=19 April 2017 |work=The Independent|access-date=22 April 2017}}
*{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39703444 |title=Tim Farron: I don't think gay sex is a sin |date=25 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=25 April 2017 }}</ref>

The party proposed raising income tax by 1p to fund the NHS and maintaining the triple-lock on the [[State Pension (United Kingdom)#Pensions Act 2007|state pension]].<ref name="BBC65">{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39822306 |title=Lib Dems pledge 1p income tax rise to fund NHS |last=Gallagher |first=James |date=6 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=7 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39831522 |title=General election 2017: Lib Dems pledge winter fuel cuts to protect pensions |date=6 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=7 May 2017}}</ref> The Liberal Democrats also promised an additional £7&nbsp;billion to protect per-pupil funding in education; they said it would be partly funded by remaining in the EU single market.<ref name=":7" /> The party pledged on 11 May to accept 50,000 [[Syrian refugee crisis|refugees from Syria]] over five years, with Farron saying that the £4.3&nbsp;billion costs would over time be repaid in taxes by those refugees that settle in Britain.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39882964 |title=General election 2017: Lib Dems' 50,000 Syrian refugees pledge |date=11 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=11 May 2017}}</ref>

On 12 May the party revealed plans to [[Legality of cannabis|legalise cannabis]] and extend paid [[Parental leave|paternity leave]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39897999 |title=Lib Dems to back a 'regulated cannabis market' in UK |date=12 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=13 May 2017}}</ref> Farron proposed financial incentives for graduates joining the [[British Armed Forces|armed forces]] and committed to NATO's 2% of GDP defence spending target.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39912933 |title=Lib Dems pledge to boost armed forces personnel |date=14 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=14 May 2017}}</ref> The next day the Liberal Democrats promised to end the cap on public-sector pay increases and repeal the [[Investigatory Powers Act 2016|Investigatory Powers Act]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39918154 |title=General election 2017: Lib Dems would end public sector pay squeeze |date=15 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/may/15/lib-dems-promise-to-scrap-mass-snooping-powers-if-elected |title=Lib Dems promise to scrap mass snooping powers if elected |last=Slawson |first=Nicola |date=15 May 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=16 May 2017}}</ref> On 16 May the Liberal Democrats proposed an entrepreneurs' allowance, to review [[Rates in the United Kingdom|business rates]] and to increase access to credit.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39928761 |title=General election 2017: Lib Dems promise £100-a-week for entrepreneurs' living costs |date=16 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=16 May 2017}}</ref>

Policies emphasised during their manifesto launch on 17 May included a second referendum on a Brexit deal with the option to remain a member of the EU, discounted bus passes for 16- to 21-year-olds, the reinstatement of [[Housing Benefit]] for 18- to 21-year-olds, a £3bn plan to build 300,000 new houses a year by 2022 and support for renters to build up [[Home equity|equity]] in their rented properties.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-39942573 |title=Brexit: Lib Dem manifesto pledges new EU referendum |date=17 May 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=17 May 2017}}</ref>

====UKIP====
Paul Nuttall announced that UKIP's manifesto would seek to [[Islamic dress in Europe|ban the burqa]], outlaw [[sharia law]], impose a temporary [[Moratorium (law)|moratorium]] on new [[Madrasa|Islamic schools]] and require annual checks against [[female genital mutilation]] (FGM) for high-risk girls.<ref>{{cite news |title=General election 2017: UKIP manifesto to pledge a burka ban |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-39682939 |access-date=23 April 2017 |work=BBC News|date=23 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/ukip-fgm-mandatory-checks-girls-at-risk-female-genital-mutilation-a7699006.html |title=Ukip calls for mandatory FGM examinations for all 'at risk' school girls |date=24 April 2017 |work=The Independent|access-date=24 April 2017}}</ref> In response to the proposed burqa ban UKIP's foreign affairs spokesperson [[James Carver]] resigned, labelling the policy "misguided".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/25/ukip-frontbencher-quits-burka-ban-paul-nuttall-says-policy-came/ |title=Ukip frontbencher quits over 'burka ban' as Paul Nuttall says policy came from Ukip members |last=Hope |first=Christopher |date=25 April 2017 |work=The Telegraph|access-date=29 April 2017}}</ref>

Despite losing all 145 of the seats it was defending in the [[2017 United Kingdom local elections|2017 local elections]] (but gaining one from Labour in [[Burnley]]), Nuttall insisted voters would return to UKIP in the general election.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39829717 |title=General election 2017: Voters will return to UKIP, says Nuttall |date=6 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=7 May 2017}}</ref> On 8 May UKIP proposed a [[Net migration rate|net migration]] target of zero within five years.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/39842753 |title=General election: UKIP want 'one in, one out' migration |date=8 May 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=8 May 2017}}</ref>

===Television debates===
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right;margin-left:1em;text-align:center;"
|-
! style="border-right:solid 0 black; text-align:right;"|[[2015 United Kingdom general election debates|← 2015 debates]]
! style="border-left:solid 0 black; border-right:solid 0 black;"|2017
! style="border-left:solid 0 black; text-align:left;"|[[2019 United Kingdom general election debates|2019 debates →]]
|}
Within hours of the election being announced, Corbyn, Farron and Sturgeon called for televised debates.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Elgot |first1=Jessica |last2=Martinson |first2=Jane |author-link2=Jane Martinson |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/18/theresa-may-rules-out-participating-in-tv-debates-before-election |title=Theresa May rules out participating in TV debates before election |date=18 April 2017|access-date=18 April 2017 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> The [[Prime Minister's Office (United Kingdom)|Prime Minister's office]] initially opposed the idea.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.channel4.com/news/by/gary-gibbon/blogs/election-2017-no-tv-debates-this-time |title=Election 2017: No TV debates this time |last=Gibbon |first=Gary |date=18 April 2017 |work=[[Channel 4 News]] |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref> On 19 April, the [[BBC]] and [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] announced they planned to host leaders' debates, as they had done in the 2010 and 2015 elections, whether or not May took part.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/04/19/bbc-itv-collision-course-theresa-may-say-will-hold-televised/ |title=BBC and ITV on collision course with Theresa May as both say that they want to hold televised debates before June 8 general election |work=The Telegraph|access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref> Labour subsequently ruled out Corbyn taking part in television debates without May.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/live/2017/apr/26/general-election-2017-may-corbyn-final-pmqs-politics-live |title=General election 2017: Corbyn will not take part in TV election debates without May, Labour says – Politics live |date=26 April 2017|access-date=26 April 2017 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|last1=Sparrow (Now) |first1=Andrew |last2=Phipps |first2=Claire |last3=Carrell |first3=Severin |last4=McDonald |first4=Henry |last5=Stewart |first5=Heather }}</ref>

Broadcaster [[Andrew Neil]] separately interviewed the party leaders in ''The Andrew Neil Interviews'' on [[BBC One]], starting on 22 May with [[Theresa May]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2017-05-18/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-upcoming-general-election-tv-debates-and-interviews |title=Everything you need to know about the upcoming general election TV debates and interviews |date=18 May 2017 |work=Radio Times |access-date=22 May 2017}}</ref> The [[Manchester Arena bombing]] led to interviews with Nuttall, Farron, Sturgeon and Corbyn to be rescheduled.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2017-05-26/bbc-announces-new-dates-for-andrew-neil-interviews-postponed-by-manchester-terror-attack |title=BBC announces new dates for Andrew Neil Interviews postponed by Manchester terror attack |last=Bley Griffiths |first=Eleanor |date=26 May 2017 |work=Radio Times |access-date=16 August 2017}}</ref> ITV Tonight also ran a series of programmes with the major party leaders.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.itv.com/presscentre/press-releases/general-election-itv |title=Press Releases |website=Press Centre}}</ref>

[[Sky News]] and [[Channel 4]] hosted an election programme on 29 May where May and Corbyn were individually interviewed by [[Jeremy Paxman]] after taking questions from a studio audience.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.sky.com/story/sky-news-to-host-theresa-may-and-jeremy-corbyn-in-live-tv-special-10879096sa/ |title=Sky News to host Theresa May and Jeremy Corbyn in live TV special |publisher=Sky News |access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/blog/live/2017/may/29/paxman-interview-corbyn-may-sky-general-election-paxman-interviews-may-and-corbyn-politics-live?page=with:block-592ca35ee4b0be3ed1920e45#block-592ca35ee4b0be3ed1920e45 |title=Labour and Tory leaders interviewed by Jeremy Paxman – as it happened |date=30 May 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=31 May 2017}}</ref> The BBC held two debates to which all seven main party leaders were invited, on 31 May in [[Cambridge]] and 6 June in [[Manchester]]; both May and Corbyn stated they would not attend the 31 May debate. May said that she had already debated Corbyn many times in parliament, and that she would be meeting the public instead.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40105324 |title=BBC debate: Theresa May defends no-show after Corbyn U-turn |work=BBC News |date=31 May 2017 |access-date=31 May 2017}}</ref> Corbyn announced on the day that he would attend the debate in Cambridge, calling on May to do the same.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/31/jeremy-corbyn-hints-could-make-bbc-debate-appearance-calls-pm/ |title=Jeremy Corbyn to make last minute BBC debate appearance despite Theresa May boycott |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=31 May 2017 |last1=Hughes |first1=Laura}}</ref> Instead [[Amber Rudd]] appeared for the Conservatives.

The BBC hosted separate debates for the English regions, and for both Scotland and Wales, and also a ''[[Question Time (TV series)|Question Time]]'' special with May and Corbyn separately answering questions from voters on 2 June, chaired by [[David Dimbleby]]. Sturgeon and Farron were expected to do the same on 4 June, but after the [[2017 London Bridge attack]] it was rescheduled to 5 June and instead presented by [[Nick Robinson (journalist)|Nick Robinson]].{{citation needed|date=February 2017}}<!-- WP:RS needed; removed link to WP:SPS (Twitter, FB, WP)--> The BBC also hosted two back-to-back episodes of a special election programme titled ''Election Questions'' on 4 June, the first in [[Bristol]] with [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]] co-leader [[Jonathan Bartley]] followed by Nuttall, and the second in [[Swansea]] with [[Plaid Cymru]] leader [[Leanne Wood]]. The party leaders were individually questioned by a studio audience.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08t3k3r Election Questions – Ukip and the Green Party]. BBC. Uploaded online on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b08t3k3p Election Questions – Plaid Cymru]. BBC. Uploaded online on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.</ref>

[[STV (TV channel)|STV]] planned to host a live TV debate in Glasgow with four Scottish party leaders on 24 May,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scotsman.com/news/politics/election-2017-scottish-leaders-debate-on-stv-confirmed-1-4431459 |title=Election 2017: Scottish leaders debate on STV confirmed |date=27 April 2017 |website=The Scotsman |access-date=19 May 2017}}</ref> but it was postponed, owing to the [[Manchester Arena bombing]]. The debate was rescheduled for Tuesday 6 June.<ref name=":STV:">{{cite web |url=https://stv.tv/news/politics/1389917-stv-invites-leaders-to-rescheduled-election-debate/ |title=STV invites leaders to rescheduled election debate |publisher=STV |access-date=2 June 2017}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="11" style="background:#B0C4DE" | United Kingdom general election debates, 2017<ref name=":12">{{cite web |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/general-election-2017-tv-debates-times-dates-and-everything-else-you-need-to-know-a3537436.html |title=General Election 2017 TV debates: Times, dates and everything else you need to know |date=12 May 2017 |website=London Evening Standard |access-date=14 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.sky.com/story/sky-news-to-host-theresa-may-and-jeremy-corbyn-in-live-tv-special-10879096 |title=Sky News to host Theresa May and Jeremy Corbyn in live TV special |date=15 May 2017 |publisher=Sky News |access-date=15 May 2017}}</ref>
|- style="font-size:small;"
! rowspan="3" | Date
! rowspan="3" | Organisers
! rowspan="3" | Venue
! rowspan="3" | Invitees
! scope="col" colspan="7" | <!--
-->{{Colors|black|#90ff90|&nbsp;P&nbsp;}}  {{small|Present &nbsp;}}<!--
-->{{Colors|black|#D0F0C0|&nbsp;S&nbsp;}}  {{small|Surrogate &nbsp;}}<!--
-->{{Colors|black|#A2B2C2|&nbsp;NI&nbsp;}} {{small|Non-invitee&nbsp;}}<!--
-->{{Colors|black|#ff9090|&nbsp;A&nbsp;}}  {{small|Absent invitee&nbsp;}}
|- style="font-size:small;"
! scope="col" style="width:6.5em;" | [[Conservative Party (UK)|Cons.]]
! scope="col" style="width:6.5em;" | [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
! scope="col" style="width:6.5em;" | [[Scottish National Party|SNP]]
! scope="col" style="width:6.5em;" | [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Lib. Dem.]]
! scope="col" style="width:6.5em;" | [[Plaid Cymru]]
! scope="col" style="width:6.5em;" | [[Green Parties in the United Kingdom|Green]]<!--intentional link to DAB page-->
! scope="col" style="width:6.5em;" | [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]]
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};"          |
! style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}};"                |
! style="background:{{party color|Scottish National Party}};"          |
! style="background:{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}};"           |
! style="background:{{party color|Plaid Cymru}};"                      |
! style="background:{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}};" |
! style="background:{{party color|UK Independence Party}};"            |
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | 16 May
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[ITV (TV network)|ITV Wales]]
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[Cardiff]]
| Welsh leaders
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Andrew R. T. Davies|Davies]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Carwyn Jones|Jones]]</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Mark Williams (politician)|Williams]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Leanne Wood|Wood]]</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Neil Hamilton (politician)|Hamilton]]</small>}}
|-
| 18 May
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]]
| style="white-space:nowrap;" |  [[Dock10 (television facility)|dock10 studios]], [[Manchester]]
| National leaders
| {{No|'''A'''}}
| {{No|'''A'''}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Nicola Sturgeon|Sturgeon]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Tim Farron|Farron]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Leanne Wood|Wood]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Caroline Lucas|Lucas]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Paul Nuttall|Nuttall]]</small>}}
|-
| 21 May
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[BBC Scotland]]
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[Edinburgh]]
| Scottish leaders
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Ruth Davidson|Davidson]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Kezia Dugdale|Dugdale]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Nicola Sturgeon|Sturgeon]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Willie Rennie|Rennie]]</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Patrick Harvie|Harvie]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[David Coburn (politician)|Coburn]]</small>}}
|-
| 29 May
| style="white-space:nowrap;"|[[Sky News]]<br />[[Channel 4]]
| style="white-space:nowrap;"|[[Sky Campus|Sky Studios]], [[Isleworth]], [[London, Greater London|London]]
| National leaders
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Theresa May|May]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Jeremy Corbyn|Corbyn]]</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | 30 May
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[BBC Cymru Wales|BBC Wales]]
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[Cardiff]]
| Welsh leaders
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''S'''<br /><small>[[Darren Millar|Millar]]</small>
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Carwyn Jones|Jones]]</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Mark Williams (politician)|Williams]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Leanne Wood|Wood]]</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Neil Hamilton (politician)|Hamilton]]</small>}}
|-
| 30 May
| [[BBC English Regions]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2017/eng-general-election|title=BBC – Election 2017 – Where You Live – Media Centre|publisher=BBC}}</ref>
| Various
| English regional
| {{yes|'''P'''<br /><small>Various</small>}}
| {{yes|'''P'''<br /><small>Various</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| {{yes|'''P'''<br /><small>Various</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| {{yes|'''P'''<br /><small>Various</small>}}
| {{yes|'''P'''<br /><small>Various</small>}}
|-
| 31 May
| [[BBC]]
| [[Senate House, Cambridge]]
| National leaders
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''S'''<br /><small>[[Amber Rudd|Rudd]]</small>
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Jeremy Corbyn|Corbyn]]</small>}}
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''S'''<br /><small>[[Angus Robertson|Robertson]]</small>
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Tim Farron|Farron]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Leanne Wood|Wood]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Caroline Lucas|Lucas]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Paul Nuttall|Nuttall]]</small>}}
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | 2 June
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[BBC]]<br />(''Question Time'')
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[University of York]], [[York]]
| National leaders
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Theresa May|May]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Jeremy Corbyn|Corbyn]]</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | 4 June
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[BBC]]<br />''(Election Questions)''
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[Bristol]] and [[Swansea]]
| National leaders
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| {{Yes|'''P'''}}<br /><small>[[Leanne Wood|Wood]]</small>
| {{Yes|'''P'''}}<br /><small>[[Jonathan Bartley|Bartley]]</small>
| {{Yes|'''P'''}}<br /><small>[[Paul Nuttall|Nuttall]]</small>
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | 5 June
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[BBC]]<br />''(Question Time)''
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[Edinburgh]]
| National leaders
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| {{Yes|'''P'''}}<br /><small>[[Nicola Sturgeon|Sturgeon]]</small>
| {{Yes|'''P'''}}<br /><small>[[Tim Farron|Farron]]</small>
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | 5 June<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/general-election-2017/utv-election-debate-nigel-dodds-to-deputise-for-arlene-foster-35787569.html |title=UTV election debate: Nigel Dodds to deputise for Arlene Foster|newspaper=Belfasttelegraph.co.uk}}</ref>
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[UTV (TV channel)|UTV]]
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[Belfast]]
| Northern Ireland
| colspan="7" style="text-align:center;" | <small>[[Nigel Dodds]] ([[Democratic Unionist Party|DUP]]), [[Michelle O'Neill]] ([[Sinn Féin|SF]]), [[Robin Swann]] ([[Ulster Unionist Party|UUP]]), [[Colum Eastwood]] ([[Social Democratic and Labour Party|SDLP]]) and [[Naomi Long]] ([[Alliance Party of Northern Ireland|APNI]])</small>
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | 6 June<ref name=":STV:" />
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[STV (TV channel)|STV]]
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[Glasgow]]
| Scottish leaders
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Ruth Davidson|Davidson]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Kezia Dugdale|Dugdale]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Nicola Sturgeon|Sturgeon]]</small>}}
| {{Yes|'''P'''<br /><small>[[Willie Rennie|Rennie]]</small>}}
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
| style="background:#A2B2C2; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''NI'''
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | 6 June
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[BBC]] Newsbeat <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/40182474/election-2017-what-you-said-in-the-final-debate |title = Election 2017: What you said in the Final Debate|date = 6 June 2017}}</ref>
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[Manchester]]
| National leaders
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''S'''<br /><small>[[Nadhim Zahawi|Zahawi]]</small>
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''S'''<br /><small>[[Sarah Champion|Champion]]</small>
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''S'''<br /><small>[[Kate Forbes|Forbes]]</small>
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''S'''<br /><small>[[Brian Paddick, Baron Paddick|Paddick]]</small>
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''S'''<br /><small>Fflur Elin</small>
| {{Yes|'''P'''}}<br /><small>[[Jonathan Bartley|Bartley]]</small>
| style="background:#D0F0C0; color:black; text-align:center;" | '''S'''<br /><small>[[David Kurten|Kurten]]</small>
|-
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | 6 June
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[BBC]]
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | [[Belfast]]
| Northern Ireland leaders
| colspan="7" style="text-align:center;" | <small>[[Jeffrey Donaldson]] ([[Democratic Unionist Party|DUP]]), [[John O'Dowd]] ([[Sinn Féin|SF]]), [[Robin Swann]] ([[Ulster Unionist Party|UUP]]), [[Colum Eastwood]] ([[Social Democratic and Labour Party|SDLP]]) and [[Naomi Long]] ([[Alliance Party of Northern Ireland|APNI]])</small>
|}

===Campaign costs===
In the 12 months leading up to the election, the Conservatives spent £18.5m, Labour spent £11m and the Liberal Democrats spent £6.8m.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/mar/19/electoral-commission-conservatives-spent-lost-majority-2017-election|title=Tories spent £18.5m on election that cost them majority|first=Peter Walker Political|last=correspondent|date=19 March 2018|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref>

==Endorsements==
{{Main|Endorsements in the 2017 United Kingdom general election}}
Newspapers, organisations and individuals endorsed parties or individual candidates for the election. For example, the main national newspapers gave the following endorsements:

===National daily newspapers===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Newspapers
! colspan=2| Endorsement
! Notes
! 2017 circulation (June)<ref name="DP">{{cite news |url=https://www.pressgazette.co.uk/daily-mail-and-sun-launch-front-page-attacks-on-corbyn-as-fleet-street-lines-up-behind-theresa-may/ |title=Daily Mail and Sun launch front-page attacks on Corbyn as Fleet Street lines up behind Theresa May |last=Ponsford |first=Dominic |date=7 June 2017 |work=[[Press Gazette]]}}</ref>
! Link
|-
| ''[[Daily Express]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 386,297
|<ref>{{cite web |title=VOTE MAY OR WE FACE DISASTER: It's time for patriotic realism NOT socialist indulgence |url=http://www.express.co.uk/comment/expresscomment/813903/general-election-2017-Conservatives-Theresa-May-UK-campaign-Daily-Express |website=Daily Express |date=7 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Daily Mail]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 1,454,073
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/03/which-parties-are-the-uk-press-backing-in-the-general-election |title=Which parties are the UK press backing in the general election? |last=McKee |first=Ruth |work=The Guardian |date=3 June 2017 |access-date=13 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Daily Mirror]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
| On election day, urged its readers to vote for whoever would beat the Conservatives in their constituency.<ref name="DP"/>
| 687,000
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Help Jeremy Corbyn kick the Tories into touch&nbsp;– Voice of the Mirror |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/help-corbyn-kick-tories-touch-10278153 |access-date=22 April 2017 |website=Daily Mirror |date=22 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Daily Star (United Kingdom)|Daily Star]]''
| style="background:black;"|
| None
|
| 437,949
|<ref name="DP"/>
|-
| ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 467,601
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2017/06/06/corbyn-government-would-calamity-everything-else-just-noise/ |title=A Corbyn government would be a calamity – everything else is just noise |date=6 May 2017 |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=6 June 2017|last1=View |first1=Telegraph }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Financial Times]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 58,600 (UK circ.)
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ft.com/content/67949e4a-45e2-11e7-8d27-59b4dd6296b8 |title=Election 2017: The safer bet of a Conservative vote |website=Financial Times}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | ''[[The Guardian]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
| Prioritised [[tactical voting]] against the Conservatives, including votes for Liberal Democrats and Greens.
| 154,010
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/ng-interactive/2017/jun/02/the-guardian-view-on-our-vote-its-labour |title=The Guardian view on our vote: it's Labour |date=2 June 2017 |access-date=2 June 2017 |newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:black;"|
| Various (Scotland)
| In Scotland: supported opposition to the Conservatives, either SNP or Labour.
| [A percentage of circulation statistic above]
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jun/05/the-guardian-view-on-the-election-in-scotland-a-chance-to-puncture-mays-complacency |title=The Guardian view on the election in Scotland: a chance to puncture May's complacency |date=5 June 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=5 June 2017 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[i (newspaper)|i]]''
| style="background:black;"|
| None
|
| 263,826
|<ref>{{cite web|title=i's 2017 election manifesto|url=https://inews.co.uk/opinion/editor/2017-election-manifesto/|website=iNews|access-date=22 April 2017|date=19 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[The Independent]]''
| style="background:black;"|
| None
| Backed [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour's]] [[Shadow Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union]] [[Keir Starmer]] to negotiate Brexit. Supported [[Unionism in the United Kingdom|unionist]] candidates in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
| N/A
|<ref>{{cite news|title=It's your vote – so think about the values you support, not just the party|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/editorials/your-vote-your-values-where-the-independent-stands-in-this-most-complex-of-elections-a7773816.html|website=Independent|access-date=7 June 2017|date=6 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Keir Starmer is the right person to negotiate Brexit – or at least to hold the Government to account|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/editorials/keir-starmer-is-the-right-person-to-negotiate-brexit-or-at-least-to-hold-the-government-to-account-a7771381.html|website=The Independent|access-date=7 June 2017|date=4 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]]''
| style="background:black;"|
| None
|
| 1,480,110
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Who are the national newspapers back in General Election 2017?|url=http://metro.co.uk/2017/06/07/who-are-the-national-newspapers-backing-in-general-election-2017-6690627/|website=Metro|access-date=22 April 2017|date=7 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[The Sun (United Kingdom)|The Sun]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 1,617,152
|<ref>p}</ref>
|-
|''[[The Times]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
|[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 445,737
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/comment/britain-s-future-7h6gp0785|title=Britain's Future|access-date=7 June 2017}}</ref>
|}

===National Sunday newspapers===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Newspaper
! colspan=2| Endorsement
! Notes
! 2017 circulation (Jan.)<ref>"[http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/national-newspaper-print-abcs-for-jan-2017-observer-up-year-on-year-the-sun-is-fastest-riser-month-on-month/ National newspaper print ABCs for Jan 2017: Observer up year on year, The Sun is fastest riser month on month]", ''[[Press Gazette]]'', 16 February 2017</ref>
! Link
|-
| ''[[The Mail on Sunday]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 1,257,984
|<ref name="Mayhew"/>
|-
| ''[[The Observer]]''
| style="background:black;"|
| None
| Endorsed voting against the Conservatives and for candidates opposing austerity and a hard Brexit.
| 185,752
|<ref>{{cite web|title=The Observer view on the general election|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jun/04/observer-view-general-election-theresa-may-jeremy-corbyn|work=The Observer|access-date=9 March 2018|date=4 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Sunday Express]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 335,772
|<ref name="BBC">{{Cite news |url=http://www.express.co.uk/comment/expresscomment/812489/General-Election-2017-Ukip-Theresa-May-Conservatives-Jeremy-Corbyn-Labour | title=Ukip supporters have to examine their priorities |date=4 June 2017 |work=Sunday Express}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Sunday Mirror]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
|
| 629,277
|<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/voice-sunday-mirror-need-pm-10554256 |title=Voice of The Sunday Mirror: We need a PM with a common touch... and it's not wobbly Theresa May |date=3 June 2017 |work=Sunday Mirror}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[The Sunday People]]''
| style="background:black;"|
| None
| Endorsed tactical voting against the Conservatives.
| 240,846
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Voice of the People: Beware bucket shop Boudicca May as voters head to the polls|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/voice-people-beware-bucket-shop-10553679|work=The Sunday People|access-date=5 June 2017|date=3 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[The Sun (United Kingdom)|The Sun on Sunday]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 1,375,539
|<ref name="Mayhew"/>
|-
| ''[[The Sunday Telegraph]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 359,400
|<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2017/06/03/vote-conservative-independent-prosperous-britain/ |date=3 June 2017 |work=The Sunday Telegraph|title=Vote Conservative for an independent, prosperous Britain|access-date=4 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[The Sunday Times]]''
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
|
| 792,324
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/comment/wake-up-smell-the-coffee-and-vote-conservative-k8c9gq7h0 |title=Wake up, smell the coffee and vote Conservative |date=4 June 2017 |work=The Sunday Times}}</ref>
|}

==Media coverage==
In contrast to the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015 general election]], in which smaller parties received more media coverage than usual, coverage during the 2017 election focused on the two main political parties, Labour and the Conservatives<ref name="SC">S. Cushion, 'Conventional wisdom distorted TV news coverage of campaign' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> (84% of the politicians featured in newspapers, and 67% on TV, were Conservative or Labour), with Conservatives sources receiving the most coverage and quotation, particularly in the print media (the margin of difference between Conservative and Labour sources was 2.1 points on TV and 9.6 points in newspapers).<ref name="R4">D. Deacon et al., ''[https://blog.lboro.ac.uk/crcc/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/06/media-coverage-of-the-2017-general-election-campaign-report-4.pdf National News Media Coverage of the 2017 General Election: Report 4: 5 May—7 June 2017]'' (2017). Centre for Research in Communication and Culture, [[Loughborough University]]</ref> The five most prominent politicians were [[Theresa May]] (Cons) (30.1% of news appearanced), [[Jeremy Corbyn]] (Lab) (26.7%), [[Tim Farron]] (Lib Dem) (6.8%), [[Nicola Sturgeon]] (SNP) (3.7%), and [[Boris Johnson]] (Cons) (3.6%).<ref name="R4"/> The [[Democratic Unionist Party]] (DUP) received next to no coverage during the campaign<ref name="SC"/> (0.4% of appearances) but were prominent in coverage after the election.<ref name="R4"/>

Newspapers were [[Partisan (politics)|partisan]] in their coverage and generally took an attacking editorial line, providing negative coverage of one or more parties they opposed rather than advocating for the party they endorsed,<ref name="R4"/> with Labour receiving the most negative coverage.<ref name="R4"/><ref>D. Deacon et al., 'A tale of two leaders: news media coverage of the 2017 General Election' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> Mick Temple, professor of Journalism and Politics at [[Staffordshire University]], characterised the negativity Corbyn and Labour received during this election as more hostile than that which [[Ed Miliband]] and Labour [[2015 United Kingdom general election#Media coverage|received during the 2015 general election]].<ref name="MT">M. Temple, 'It's the Sun wot lost it' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> Jeremy Corbyn was portrayed as a coward,<ref name="Banaji"/> and he and his closest allies were accused of being terrorist sympathizers.<ref>H. Savigny, 'Dogwhistle sexism' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref name="SC"/><ref name="SB"/><ref name="JF"/><ref name="Banaji">S. Banaji, 'Young people and propaganda in the wake of the 2017 election' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> During the election period, [[BBC]] ''[[Question Time (TV programme)|Question Time]]'' host [[David Dimbleby]] said Jeremy Corbyn had not had 'a fair deal at the hands of the press' and that he was more popular than the media made him out to be.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radiotimes.com/news/2017-05-30/david-dimbleby-jeremy-corbyn-has-not-had-a-fair-deal-at-the-hands-of-the-press/ |title=Jeremy Corbyn has not had a fair deal at the hands of the press says David Dimbleby in Radio Times magazine |work=Radio Times |date=30 May 2017}}</ref> An exception, when the Conservative Party received more negative coverage than Labour, was during the third week of the campaign, when the Conservatives released their [[manifesto]], proposed a controversial [[Welfare|social welfare]] policy (which became known as the "[[dementia tax]]") and subsequently made a [[Flip-flop (politics)|U-turn]] on the proposal.<ref name="R4"/> When [[List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation|newspaper circulation size]] is accounted for, the Conservative Party was the only party to receive a positive evaluation overall from the press.<ref name="R4"/> It was endorsed by newspapers that had an 80% share of the national Sunday press audience (the five Sunday newspapers endorsing the Conservatives had a daily circulation of more than 4&nbsp;million)<ref name="Mayhew">F. Mayhew, '[https://www.pressgazette.co.uk/general-election-2017-press-endorsements-tories-backed-by-80-per-cent-of-uk-national-sunday-newspaper-market/ General election 2017 press endorsements: Tories backed by 80 per cent of UK national Sunday newspaper market]' (05/06/17) in [[Press Gazette]]</ref> and 57% of the national [[Daily paper|daily press]]<ref name="DF"/> (a combined circulation of 4,429,460<ref name="DP"/>).

One national Sunday newspaper (the ''[[Sunday Mirror]]''), endorsed Labour, with two others endorsing tactical voting against the Conservative (these three titles, with a daily circulation of under 1&nbsp;million, had a share of 20% of the Sunday press audience),<ref name="Mayhew"/> and 11% of the national daily press<ref name="DF">D. Freedman, 'Media bias hits a wall' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> (namely, ''[[The Guardian]]'' and the ''[[Daily Mirror]]''; a combined circulation of 841,010<ref name="DP"/>). On this metric, 'Conservative partisanship was the most salient voice in the British national press'.<ref name="JF"/> When newspapers' [[Article (publishing)|article]]s were measured by their positivity and negativity towards and against the parties running in the election, ''[[The Sun (United Kingdom)|The Sun]]'', ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', the ''[[Daily Express]]'' and the ''[[Daily Mail]]'' provided support for the Conservatives and ''The Guardian'' and the ''Daily Mirror'' provided support for the Labour party.<ref name="R4"/> However, few ''Guardian'' or ''Mirror'' election-related editorials called for a vote for Labour, and even fewer endorsed Corbyn – many articles in left-wing papers criticised him, or he was ignored.<ref name="JF">J. Firmstone, 'Newspapers’ editorial opinions: stuck between a rock and a hard place' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> While the collective voice of the right-wing papers were (four times) stronger in their support for the Conservatives than the left-wing were of Labour, on the whole they were similar to the left in their negativity towards, or avoidance of, the leader of their endorsed party.<ref name="JF"/> Only the ''Daily Express'' gave Theresa May unreserved support.<ref name="JF"/> After the election, the press turned on Theresa May,<ref name="AKS"/> who had run on a campaign that [[Party platform|platformed]] her as a 'strong and stable' leader, and they described her as 'weak and wobbly', 'robotic', the 'zombie prime minister', and a 'dead woman walking'.<ref name="ARN"/>

[[Broadcasting|Broadcast]] media, by giving airtime directly to Jeremy Corbyn and his policy ideas, was seen as playing a significant role during the election in presenting him as someone less frightening that the newspapers had presented him and more engaging than Theresa May.<ref>J. Lewis, '[https://theconversation.com/broadcast-impartiality-rule-has-helped-labour-to-achieve-biggest-poll-shift-since-1945-78949 Broadcast impartiality rule has helped Labour to achieve biggest poll shift since 1945]' (06/06/17) on [[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]]</ref><ref>P. Dorey, 'A tale of two leadership campaigns' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref>K. Parry, 'Seeing Jeremy Corbyn and not seeing Theresa May: the promise of civic spectatorship' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref name="CB">C. Beckett, 'Did broadcast stage-management create a vacuum for social media?' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref>J. G. Blumler, 'Looking on the bright side for a change' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> The BBC has been criticised for its coverage during the election campaign. For example, right-wing papers ''The Sun'' and the ''Daily Mail'' complained that the audience at the BBC run leaders' debate was pro-Corbyn, and the ''Daily Mail'' asked why the topic of [[Modern immigration to the United Kingdom|immigration]], one of the Conservatives favoured issues, was barely mentioned; and right-wing websites [[Breitbart]] London and [[Westmonster]] said BBC coverage on [[Brexit]] was pro-EU.<ref name="MR"/> Left-wing websites, like [[The Canary (website)|The Canary]], [[The Skwawkbox]] and [[Another Angry Voice]] complained that the BBC was pro-Tory and anti-Corbyn.<ref name="MR"/> According to analysts, a bias was evident during [[Jeremy Paxman]]'s leaders debates, with 54% of airtime devoted to Conservative issues and 31% to Labour's.<ref name="DF"/> In an episode of ''[[Have I Got News for You]]'' aired during the campaign period, [[Ian Hislop]], editor of ''[[Private Eye]]'', suggested the BBC was biased in favour of the Conservatives.<ref>H. Marsden, '[https://www.indy100.com/article/general-election-2017-ian-hislop-private-eye-have-i-got-news-for-you-bbc-bias-labour-conservatives-7710551 Ian Hislop points out awkward questions about BBC bias while on the BBC]' (30/04/17) on [[The Independent#The i|indy100]]</ref> The BBC's [[political editor]] [[Laura Kuenssberg]] particularly received criticism for her election coverage.<ref name="MR"/> During the election the BBC circulated a 2015 report of Kuenssberg's (on Corbyn's views on 'shoot to kill' policy) that [[Laura Kuenssberg#Bias allegations|had been censured]] by the [[BBC Trust]] for its [[Fake news|misleading editing]]; on the final day of the election the BBC acknowledged that the [[Video clip|clip]] was subject to a [[Consumer complaint|complaint]] that had been upheld by the Trust.<ref name="DF"/>

As during the 2015 election, although less than then (−12.5%), most media coverage (32.9%) was given to the workings of the electoral process itself (e.g., electoral events, [[Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election|opinion polls]], [[Horse race journalism|'horse race' coverage]], campaign mishaps).<ref name="R4"/> During the first two weeks of campaigning, members of the public, interviewed in [[Vox populi|vox pops]],<ref>M. Wheeler, 'The use and abuse of the vox pop in the 2017 UK General Election television news coverage' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> made up a fifth to almost a half of all sources in broadcast news.<ref name="SC"/> While in the first two weeks of the election period policy made up less than half of all broadcast coverage,<ref name="SC"/> over the whole campaign policy received more coverage in all media than during the previous election,<ref name="R4"/> particularly after manifestos were published in the third week, when close to eight in ten broadcast news items were primarily about policy issues.<ref name="SC"/> Policy around Brexit and the EU receiving most coverage overall (10.9%), and national events that happened during the campaign period (namely, the terrorist attacks on [[Manchester Arena bombing|Manchester Arena]] and in the area of [[2017 London Bridge attack|London Bridge]]), along with [[#Security|controversies over Trident]], brought policy issues around [[Military policy|defence]] and [[Security policy|security]] to the fore (7.2%).<ref name="R4"/><ref name="TJL">E. Thorsen, D. Jackson, D. Lilleker, 'Introduction' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref name="HS"/>

From the start of the campaign, commentators predicted a [[landslide victory]] for the Conservatives.<ref name="Gibbs"/><ref name="SC"/><ref>S. Coleman, 'Ducking the debate' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> After the results were in and the Conservatives had won by a much smaller margin, on air [[Channel 4]]'s [[Jon Snow (journalist)|Jon Snow]] said, "I know nothing, we the media, the pundits and experts, know nothing".<ref name="SC"/> A number of newspaper columnists expressed similar sentiments.<ref>D. Ponsford, '[https://www.pressgazette.co.uk/political-columnists-eat-humble-pie-and-apologise-over-dire-election-predictions-for-corbyn-and-labour/ Political columnists eat humble pie and apologise over dire election predictions for Corbyn and Labour]' (12/06/17) on [[Press Gazette]]</ref> Some analysts and commentators have suggested the gap between the newspapers' strong support, and the public's marginal support, for the Conservatives in this election indicates a decline in the influence of print media, and/or that in 2017's election [[social media]] played a decisive role (perhaps being the first election in which this was the case<ref name="TJL"/><ref>D. Lilleker, 'Like me, share me: the people's social media campaign' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref>).<ref>M. Shephard, 'Social media and the Corbyn breakthrough' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref name="AKS">Aljosha Karim 
Schapals, 'The UK digisphere and the 2017 election' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref name="ARN">A. Ridge-Newman, {{' '}}Strong and stable' to 'weak and wobbly': Tory campaign, media reaction and GE2017' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref name="MT"/><ref>V. Polonski, 'From voices to votes: how young people used social media to influence the General Election' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref name="HS">E. Harmer and R. Southern, 'Process, personalities and polls: online news coverage of the UK General Election 2017' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref>S. Schifferes, 'From Brexit to Corbyn: agenda setting, framing and the UK media – a research agenda' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref>[[Raymond Snoddy]], '[https://mediatel.co.uk/newsline/2017/06/14/the-decline-of-murdochs-influence/ The decline of Murdoch's influence]' (14/06/17) on Mediatal Newsline</ref><ref name="PP">[[Peter Preston]], '[https://www.theguardian.com/media/2017/jun/11/media-bias-no-longer-matters-general-election-2017 This election proves that media bias no longer matters]' (11/06/17) on [[The Guardian]]</ref> Some website and blog [[content (media)|content]], like that produced by [[The Canary (website)|The Canary]] and [[Another Angry Voice]], gained as much [[web traffic|traffic]] as many [[mainstream media]] articles<ref name="PP"/><ref name="CB"/> and went more [[viral phenomenon|viral]] than mainstream [[political journalism]].<ref name="AKS"/><ref name="MR">M. Moore and G. Ramsay, 'Caught in the middle: the BBC's impossible impartiality dilemma' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> [[The London Economic]] had the most shared election-related article online during the campaign.<ref>F. Mayhew, '[https://www.pressgazette.co.uk/general-election-only-five-out-of-top-100-most-shared-stories-on-social-media-were-pro-tory/ General election: Only five out of top 100 most-shared stories on social media were pro-Tory]' (12/06/17) on [[Press Gazette]]</ref> Others urge caution,<ref name="SB">S. Barnett, 'Is our national press a fading dinosaur? Don't bank on it' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref> stressing that the [[Old media|traditional]] press still have an importance influence on how people [[Voting|vote]].<ref>A. Chadwick, 'Corbyn, Labour, digital media, and the 2017 UK election' in ''[http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29374/10/UKElectionAnalysis2017_Thorsen-Jackson-and-Lilleker_v1.pdf UK Election Analysis 2017: Media, Voters and the Campaign]'' (June 2017). The Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community, [[Bournemouth University]]</ref><ref name="SB"/><ref name="Gibbs">A. Gibbs, '[https://www.cnbc.com/2017/06/07/uk-election-newspaper-endorsements-digital-age-politics.html UK election: How influential are newspaper endorsements in today's digital age?]' (07/06/17) on [[CNBC]]</ref> In a [[YouGov]] poll, 42% of the general public said that TV was most influential in helping them choose, or confirming their choice in, whom to vote for; 32% said newspapers and magazines; 26%, social media; and 25%, radio.<ref name="Mayhew2">F. Mayhew, '[https://www.pressgazette.co.uk/survey-reveals-extent-to-which-newspapers-and-social-media-influenced-voting-decisions-at-2017-general-election/ Survey reveals extent to which newspapers and social media influenced voting decisions at 2017 general election]' (31/07/17) in [[Press Gazette]]</ref> 58% of people surveyed also thought that the social media had diminished the influence of newspapers.<ref name="Mayhew2"/>

==Politicians not standing==
===Members of Parliament who did not stand for re-election===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
|-
! scope="col" | MP
! scope="col" | Seat
! scope="col" | First elected
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Party
! scope="col" | Date announced
|-
| {{sortname|Graham|Allen|Graham Allen (politician)}}
| [[Nottingham North (UK Parliament constituency)|Nottingham North]]
| [[1987 United Kingdom general election|1987]]
| width="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|22 April 2017}}<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-nottinghamshire-39678122 |title=Labour MP Graham Allen to step down due to ill health |date=22 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Dave|Anderson|David Anderson (British politician)}}
| [[Blaydon (UK Parliament constituency)|Blaydon]]
| [[2005 United Kingdom general election|2005]]
| width="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|20 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.itv.com/news/tyne-tees/2017-04-20/blaydon-mp-to-stand-down-in-wake-of-snap-election/ |title=Blaydon MP to stand down in wake of snap election |publisher=ITV News |date=20 April 2017 |access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Tom|Blenkinsop}}
| [[Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland (UK Parliament constituency)|Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland]]
| [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|18 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Mortimer |first=Caroline |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-mp-general-election-tom-blenkinsop-not-stand-theresa-may-middlesborough-south-a7688501.html |title=Labour MPs announce they are standing down as Theresa May calls for a snap general election |work=The Independent |date=18 April 2017 |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Andy|Burnham}}
| [[Leigh (UK Parliament constituency)|Leigh]]
| [[2001 United Kingdom general election|2001]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|19 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.itv.com/news/granada/2017-04-19/andy-burnham-says-he-wont-stand-again-for-leigh-mp-regardless-of-mayoral-election-outcome/ |title=Andy Burnham says he won't stand again as Leigh MP regardless of mayoral election outcome |publisher=ITV News |date=19 April 2017 |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Sir Simon|Burns|Simon Burns}}
| [[Chelmsford (UK Parliament constituency)|Chelmsford]]
| [[1987 United Kingdom general election|1987]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|8 January 2016}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.essexlive.news/chelmsford-mp-sir-simon-burns-confirms-he-s-standing-down-before-the-june-2017-general-election/story-30277240-detail/story.html |title=Chelmsford MP Sir Simon Burns confirms he's standing down |date=18 April 2017 |work=Essex Live |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Douglas|Carswell}}
| [[Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)|Clacton]]
| [[2005 United Kingdom general election|2005]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| [[Independent politician|Independent]] {{small|([[UKIP]] in 2015)}}
| {{dts|20 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/douglas-carswell-quits-clacton-vote-tory-ukip-mp-general-election-a7692766.html |title=Douglas Carswell quits as an MP and says he will vote Tory in general election |last=Stone |first=Jon |date=20 April 2017 |work=The Independent |access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Pat|Doherty|Pat Doherty (politician)}}
| [[West Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)|West Tyrone]]
| [[2001 United Kingdom general election|2001]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Sinn Féin}}"|
| [[Sinn Féin]]
| {{dts|3 May 2017}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rte.ie/news/uk-election-2017/2017/0503/872317-pat-doherty-barry-mcelduff-sinn-fein/ |title=Pat Doherty will not contest election for Sinn Féin |publisher=Raidió Teilifís Éireann |date=3 May 2017 |access-date=3 May 2015}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Jim|Dowd|Jim Dowd (politician)}}
| [[Lewisham West and Penge (UK Parliament constituency)|Lewisham West and Penge]]
| [[1992 United Kingdom general election|1992]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|19 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://labourlist.org/2017/04/jim-dowd-becomes-eighth-labour-mp-to-call-time-on-commons-career/ |title=Jim Dowd becomes eighth Labour MP to call time on Commons career {{!}} LabourList |last=Edwards |first=Peter |date=20 April 2017 |work=LabourList |access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Michael|Dugher}}
| [[Barnsley East (UK Parliament constituency)|Barnsley East]]
| [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|20 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Schofield |first=Kevin |url=https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/political-parties/labour-party/news/85262/excl-michael-dugher-why-im-quitting-parliament |title=EXCL Michael Dugher: Why I'm quitting Parliament |work=Politics Home |date=20 April 2017 |access-date=20 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420190248/https://www.politicshome.com/news/uk/political-parties/labour-party/news/85262/excl-michael-dugher-why-im-quitting-parliament |archive-date=20 April 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Sir Edward|Garnier|Edward Garnier}}
| [[Harborough (UK Parliament constituency)|Harborough]]
| [[1992 United Kingdom general election|1992]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|27 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |title=The MPs standing down |url=http://www.conservativehome.com/parliament/2017/04/election-2017-the-mps-standing-down.html |access-date=27 April 2017 |work=Conservative Home |date=27 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Pat|Glass}}
| [[North West Durham (UK Parliament constituency)|North West Durham]]
| [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|28 June 2016}}<ref>{{cite news |title=MP Pat Glass to stand down after 'bruising' EU campaign |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tyne-36650807 |access-date=23 April 2017 |work=BBC News|date=28 June 2016}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Sir Alan|Haselhurst|Alan Haselhurst}}
| [[Saffron Walden (UK Parliament constituency)|Saffron Walden]]
| [[1977 Saffron Walden by-election|1977]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|25 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.itv.com/news/anglia/update/2017-04-25/sir-alan-haselhurst-steps-down-after-40-years-as-mp/ |title=Sir Alan Haselhurst steps down after 40 years as MP |publisher=ITV News |date=25 April 2017 |access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Sir Gerald|Howarth|Gerald Howarth}}
| [[Aldershot (UK Parliament constituency)|Aldershot]]
| [[1983 United Kingdom general election|1983]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|20 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.964eagle.co.uk/news/local-news/2272742/aldershot-mp-sir-gerald-howarth-not-standing-for-re-election/ |title=Aldershot MP Sir Gerald Howarth not standing for re-election |work=Eagle Radio |access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Alan|Johnson}}
| [[Kingston upon Hull West and Hessle (UK Parliament constituency)|Hull West and Hessle]]
| [[1997 United Kingdom general election|1997]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|18 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.itv.com/news/calendar/update/2017-04-18/alan-johnson-set-to-stand-down-as-mp-for-hull-west-and-hessle/ |title=Alan Johnson set to stand down as MP for Hull West and Hessle |date=18 April 2017 |work=[[ITV News]] |access-date=18 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Peter|Lilley}}
| [[Hitchin and Harpenden (UK Parliament constituency)|Hitchin and Harpenden]]
| [[1983 United Kingdom general election|1983]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|26 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hertfordshiremercury.co.uk/hitchin-and-harpenden-mp-peter-lilley-announces-his-decision-to-stand-down-after-34-years/story-30294974-detail/story.html |title=Hitchin and Harpenden MP Peter Lilley announces his decision to stand down after 34 years |date=26 April 2017 |work=[[Hertfordshire Mercury]] |access-date=26 April 2017}}{{dead link |date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Karen|Lumley|Karen Lumley}}
| [[Redditch (UK Parliament constituency)|Redditch]]
| [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|28 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hereford-worcester-39757759 |title=Redditch MP Karen Lumley to stand down due to ill health |date=29 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=29 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|David|Mackintosh|David Mackintosh (politician)}}
| [[Northampton South (UK Parliament constituency)|Northampton South]]
| [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|27 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-northamptonshire-39740178 |title=Northampton Town loan: MP David Mackintosh to stand down |date=26 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=27 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Fiona|Mactaggart}}
| [[Slough (UK Parliament constituency)|Slough]]
| [[1997 United Kingdom general election|1997]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|20 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Batchelor |first=Tom |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/general-election-fiona-mactaggart-labour-mp-stand-down-jeremy-corbyn-key-speech-slough-a7692551.html |title=Fiona McTaggart stands down as Labour MP while Jeremy Corbyn gives key speech |work=The Independent |date=20 April 2017 |access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Rob|Marris}}
| [[Wolverhampton South West (UK Parliament constituency)|Wolverhampton South West]]
| [[2001 United Kingdom general election|2001]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|19 April 2017}}<ref name="WES190617">{{cite news |url=https://www.expressandstar.com/news/politics/2017/04/19/wolverhampton-mp-rob-marris-will-not-stand-in-2017-general-election/ |title=Wolverhampton MP Rob Marris will NOT stand in 2017 General Election |work=Express & Star |location=Wolverhampton |date=19 April 2017 |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Natalie|McGarry}}
| [[Glasgow East (UK Parliament constituency)|Glasgow East]]
| [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| [[Independent politician|Independent]] {{small|([[Scottish National Party|SNP]] in 2015)}}
| {{dts|25 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/politics/scottish-politics/412296/exclusive-natalie-mcgarry-will-not-contest-general-election/ |title=EXCLUSIVE: Former SNP MP Natalie McGarry will not contest general election |work=The Courier |date=25 April 2017 |access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|George|Osborne}}
| [[Tatton (UK Parliament constituency)|Tatton]]
| [[2001 United Kingdom general election|2001]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|19 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/george-osborne-quits-as-mp-saying-he-is-leaving-westminster-for-now-a3518001.html |title=George Osborne: I'm stepping down as MP |date=19 April 2017 |work=London Evening Standard |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Sir Eric|Pickles|Eric Pickles}}
| [[Brentwood and Ongar (UK Parliament constituency)|Brentwood and Ongar]]
| [[1992 United Kingdom general election|1992]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|22 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39677950 |title=Sir Eric Pickles to quit as MP |date=22 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|John|Pugh}}
| [[Southport (UK Parliament constituency)|Southport]]
| [[2001 United Kingdom general election|2001]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
| [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| {{dts|19 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39644152 |title=General election 2017: Lib Dem MP to 'retire' |date=19 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Steve|Rotheram}}
| [[Liverpool Walton (UK Parliament constituency)|Liverpool Walton]]
| [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|7 May 2017}}<ref name=":5">{{cite news |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/steve-rotheram-stand-down-walton-12999940 |title=Steve Rotheram will STAND DOWN as Walton MP – leaving just 5 days to replace him |date=7 May 2017 |work=Liverpool Echo|access-date=7 May 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Andrew|Smith|Andrew Smith (British politician)}}
| [[Oxford East (UK Parliament constituency)|Oxford East]]
| [[1987 United Kingdom general election|1987]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|19 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.oxfordmail.co.uk/news/yourtown/oxford/15232658.Oxford_East_MP_Andrew_Smith_to_retire_from_politics_after_almost_30_years/ |title=Oxford East MP Andrew Smith to retire from politics after almost 30 years |last=Oliver |first=Matt |work=Oxford Mail |date=19 April 2017 |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Gisela|Stuart}}
| [[Birmingham Edgbaston (UK Parliament constituency)|Birmingham Edgbaston]]
| [[1997 United Kingdom general election|1997]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|19 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://labour-uncut.co.uk/2017/04/19/gisela-stuart-quits/ |title=Gisela Stuart quits |work=Labour Uncut |date=19 April 2017 |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Michelle|Thomson}}
| [[Edinburgh West (UK Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh West]]
| [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| [[Independent politician|Independent]] {{small|([[Scottish National Party|SNP]] in 2015)}}
| {{dts|22 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/jamieross/michelle-thomson-will-step-down-as-an-mp-after-the-snp |title=Michelle Thomson Will Step Down As An MP After The SNP Ruled She Can't Stand For Them |work=Buzzfeed News |date=22 April 2017 |access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Andrew|Turner|Andrew Turner (politician)}}
| [[Isle of Wight (UK Parliament constituency)|Isle of Wight]]
| [[2001 United Kingdom general election|2001]]
| width="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|28 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-39749203 |title=Isle of Wight MP steps down after 'gay danger remark' |date=28 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=29 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Andrew|Tyrie|Andrew Tyrie}}
| [[Chichester (UK Parliament constituency)|Chichester]]
| [[1997 United Kingdom general election|1997]]
| width="1" bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|25 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Chu |first=Ben |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/commons-treasury-select-committee-andrew-tyrie-parliament-general-election-a7701241.html |title=Commons Treasury Select Committee chair Andrew Tyrie to leave Parliament at general election |work=The Independent |date=25 April 2017 |access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Dame Angela|Watkinson|Angela Watkinson}}
| [[Hornchurch and Upminster (UK Parliament constituency)|Hornchurch and Upminster]]
| [[2001 United Kingdom general election|2001]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| {{dts|19 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.romfordrecorder.co.uk/news/election-2017-hornchurch-and-upminster-mp-dame-angela-watkinson-to-step-down-1-4981103 |title=Election 2017: Hornchurch and Upminster MP Dame Angela Watkinson to step down |last=Anderson |first=Hayley |date=19 April 2017 |work=Romford Recorder |access-date=20 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| {{sortname|Iain|Wright}}
| [[Hartlepool (UK Parliament constituency)|Hartlepool]]
| [[2004 Hartlepool by-election|2004]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| {{dts|19 April 2017}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.itv.com/news/tyne-tees/update/2017-04-19/iain-wright-mp-will-not-seek-re-election/ |title=Iain Wright MP will not seek re-election |date=19 April 2017 |work=[[ITV News]] |access-date=19 April 2017}}</ref>
|}

===Other politicians===
Former UKIP leader [[Nigel Farage]] announced that he would not stand, saying he could be more effective as an [[Member of the European Parliament|MEP]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39651781 |title=General Election 2017: Nigel Farage won't stand as an MP |date=20 April 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=21 April 2017}}</ref> UKIP major donor [[Arron Banks]], who had earlier indicated his intention to stand in [[Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)|Clacton]] to defeat Douglas Carswell, withdrew in favour of the UKIP candidate after Carswell announced he would be standing down.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/arron-banks-standing-clacton-douglas-carswell-ukip-candidate-tory-labour-a7700326.html |title=Arron Banks says he won't stand in Clacton at the general election after all |date=24 April 2017 |work=The Independent |access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref>

Plaid Cymru leader [[Leanne Wood]] chose not to contest a Westminster seat, nor did former Labour MP and shadow chancellor [[Ed Balls]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/apr/25/plaid-cymru-leader-leanne-wood-defends-decision-not-to-stand-in-election |title=Plaid Cymru leader Leanne Wood defends decision not to stand in election |last=Morris |first=Steven |date=25 April 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=25 April 2017  |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-39644473 |title=Election 2017: Which MPs are standing down, and who might be standing? |date=26 April 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=26 April 2017}}</ref>

==Opinion polling and seat projections==
{{Main|Opinion polling for the 2017 United Kingdom general election}}
{{UK general election opinion polling|2010|2015|2017|2019|next=yes|la2=yes|la4=yes}}

In the 2015 general election, polling companies underestimated the Conservative Party vote and overestimated the Labour Party vote<ref>{{cite web |title=General Election: 7 May 2015 |url=http://www.britishpollingcouncil.org/general-election-7-may-2015/ |publisher=[[British Polling Council]] |access-date=18 August 2015}}</ref> and so failed to predict the result accurately.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Silver |first1=Nate |title=The U.K. snap election is riskier than it seems |url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-u-k-snap-election-is-riskier-than-it-seems/ |work=[[FiveThirtyEight]] |access-date=21 April 2017}}</ref> Afterwards they started making changes to polling practices; recommendations from a review by the [[British Polling Council]] are likely to result in further changes.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wells |first1=Anthony J |title=The Polling Inquiry public meeting |url=http://ukpollingreport.co.uk/blog/archives/9447 |website=UK Polling Report |access-date=18 August 2015}}</ref> Almost all polls and predictions were for seats in Great Britain only, with Northern Irish parties being either absent from the totals or counted as "other". The Spreadex columns below cover bets on the number of seats each party will win with the midpoint between asking and selling price.

[[File:Opinion polling UK 2020 election short axis.png|thumb|850px|centre|Great Britain opinion polling for the 2017 election; moving average is calculated from the last ten polls. Final point is actual result.{{columns-list|colwidth=18em|
 {{Legend-line|#0087DC solid 5px|Conservative}}
 {{Legend-line|#DC241f solid 5px|Labour}}
 {{Legend-line|#70147A solid 5px|UKIP}}
 {{Legend-line|#FAA61A solid 5px|Liberal Democrats}}
 {{Legend-line|#FFFF00 solid 5px|SNP}}
 {{Legend-line|#00FF00 solid 5px|Greens}}
}}]]

===Predictions three weeks before the vote===
The [[first-past-the-post voting|first-past-the-post]] system used in UK general elections means that the number of seats won is not directly related to vote share. Thus, several approaches are used to convert polling data and other information into seat predictions. The table below lists some of the predictions.

<!-- DO NOT CHANGE OR REMOVE, UNLESS YOU'RE ADDING MORE PREDICTIONS-->
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="2" | Parties
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Election<br />Forecast<ref>{{cite web |url=http://electionforecast.co.uk/ |title=ElectionForecast.co.uk |first=Chris |last=Hanretty |publisher=electionforecast.co.uk}}</ref><br /><small>as of 15 May 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Electoral <br /> Calculus<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/homepage.html |title=General Election Prediction |publisher=electoralcalculus.co.uk|access-date=19 May 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 20 May 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Lord <br /> Ashcroft<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lordashcroftpolls.com/2017/05/election-2017-ashcroft-model/ |title=Election 2017: The Ashcroft Model – Lord Ashcroft Polls |publisher=lordashcroftpolls.com}}</ref><br /><small>as of 12 May 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Elections<br />Etc.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://electionsetc.com/2017/05/12/first-combined-forecast-for-the-2017-general-election/ |title=First Combined Forecast for the 2017 general election |date=12 May 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 12 May 2017</small>
![[Spreadex]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=17 May 2017|title=Spreadex UK General Election Update 17th May 2017 {{!}} Spreadex {{!}} Financial Spread Betting|url=https://www.spreadex.com/financials/market-analysis/financial-trading-blog/17-may-17-120000/|access-date=2020-07-20|website=www.spreadex.com}}</ref>
<small>as of 17 May 2017</small>
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]]
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|414}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|391}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|406–415}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|391}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|397}}
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
| style="text-align:center;"|155
| style="text-align:center;"|185
| style="text-align:center;"|152–164
| style="text-align:center;"|170
| style="text-align:center;"|161
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}" |
| [[Scottish National Party|SNP]]
| style="text-align:center;"|54
| style="text-align:center;"|47
| style="text-align:center;"|45–48
| style="text-align:center;"|49
| style="text-align:center;"|44.5
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
| [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| style="text-align:center;"|6
| style="text-align:center;"|5
| style="text-align:center;"|8–14
| style="text-align:center;"|13
| style="text-align:center;"|16
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Plaid Cymru}}" |
| [[Plaid Cymru]]
| style="text-align:center;"|2
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|4–5
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|N/A
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}" |
| [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]]
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1.5
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|UK Independence Party}}" |
| [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]]
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0.5
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| Others
| style="text-align:center;"|1<ref group="n" name="EF-GB-only">GB forecast only</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|18<ref group="n" name="EC-Speaker">Electoral Calculus counts [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker]] John Bercow in the Conservative total</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|19
| style="text-align:center;"|N/A
| style="text-align:center;"|N/A
|-
! colspan="2"| Overall result (probability)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority''' (100%)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority''' (76%)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority'''
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority''' (91%)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority'''
|}

===Predictions two weeks before the vote===
<!-- DO NOT CHANGE OR REMOVE, UNLESS YOU'RE ADDING MORE PREDICTIONS-->
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | Parties
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Election<br />Forecast<ref>{{cite web |url=http://electionforecast.co.uk/ |title=2017 UK Parliamentary Election Forecast |last=Hanretty |first=Chris |publisher=electionforecast.co.uk|access-date=19 May 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 26 May 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Electoral <br /> Calculus<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/homepage.html |title=General Election Prediction |publisher=electoralcalculus.co.uk|access-date=28 May 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 28 May 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Lord <br /> Ashcroft<ref name="auto2">{{cite web |url=http://lordashcroftpolls.com/2017/05/ashcroft-model-update-absent-ukip-labours-enthusiasm-question/ |title=Ashcroft Model update: absent UKIP, and Labour's enthusiasm question |publisher=lordashcroftpolls.com}}</ref><br /><small>as of 26 May 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Elections<br />Etc.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://electionsetc.com/2017/05/19/combined-forecast-for-ge2017-first-update// |title=COMBINED FORECAST FOR GE2017: FIRST UPDATE |date=19 May 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 26 May 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | ''New''<br />''Statesman''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://elections.newstatesman.com/constituency-forecasts/ |title=CONSTITUENCY FORECASTS, June 2017 |work=New Statesman |date=26 May 2017 |access-date=26 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813175129/http://elections.newstatesman.com/constituency-forecasts/ |archive-date=13 August 2018 |url-status=dead  }}</ref><br /><small>as of 26 May 2017</small>
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]]
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|364}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|383}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|396}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|375}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|371}}
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
| style="text-align:center;"|212
| style="text-align:center;"|196
| style="text-align:center;"|180
| style="text-align:center;"|188
| style="text-align:center;"|199
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}" |
| [[Scottish National Party|SNP]]
| style="text-align:center;"|45
| style="text-align:center;"|49
| style="text-align:center;"|47
| style="text-align:center;"|50
| style="text-align:center;"|55
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
| [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| style="text-align:center;"|8
| style="text-align:center;"|2
| style="text-align:center;"|6
| style="text-align:center;"|10
| style="text-align:center;"|5
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Plaid Cymru}}" |
| [[Plaid Cymru]]
| style="text-align:center;"|2
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|2
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|—
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}" |
| [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]]
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|—
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|UK Independence Party}}" |
| [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]]
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|—
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| Others
| style="text-align:center;"|1<ref group="n" name="EF-GB-only" />
| style="text-align:center;"|18<ref group="n" name="EC-Speaker" />
| style="text-align:center;"|19
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|—
|-
! colspan="2"| Overall result (probability)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority''' (94%)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority''' (73%)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority'''
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority''' (87%)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority'''
|}

===Predictions one week before the vote===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="2"| Parties
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Election<br />Forecast<ref name="auto3">{{cite web |url=http://electionforecast.co.uk/ |title=2017 UK Parliamentary Election Forecast |last=Hanretty |first=Chris |publisher=electionforecast.co.uk|access-date=31 May 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 1 June 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Electoral <br /> Calculus<ref name="auto4">{{cite web |url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/homepage.html |title=General Election Prediction |publisher=electoralcalculus.co.uk|access-date=31 May 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 31 May 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | ''New<br />Statesman''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://elections.newstatesman.com/constituency-forecasts/ |title=CONSTITUENCY FORECASTS, June 2017 |work=New Statesman |date=31 May 2017 |access-date=26 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813175129/http://elections.newstatesman.com/constituency-forecasts/ |archive-date=13 August 2018 |url-status=dead  }}</ref><br /><small>as of 31 May 2017</small>
! YouGov<ref>{{cite web |url=https://yougov.co.uk/uk-general-election-2017/ |title=Voting intention and seat estimates|access-date=31 May 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 1 June 2017</small>
! Britain Elects<ref name="auto7">{{cite web|url=http://britainelects.com/nowcast/|title=The Britain Elects Nowcast|access-date=1 June 2017|date=June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605120825/http://britainelects.com/nowcast|archive-date=5 June 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><small>as of 1 June 2017</small>
![[Spreadex]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=31 May 2017|title=UK General Election Update, 31st May 2017 {{!}} Spreadex {{!}} Financial Spread Betting|url=https://www.spreadex.com/financials/market-analysis/financial-trading-blog/31-may-17/|access-date=2020-07-20|website=www.spreadex.com}}</ref>
<small>as of 31 May 2017</small>
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]]
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''379'''}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''368'''}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''359'''}}
| style="text-align:center; |317
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''362'''}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''367'''}}
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
| style="text-align:center;"|195
| style="text-align:center;"|208
| style="text-align:center;"|209
| style="text-align:center;"|253
| style="text-align:center;"|206
| style="text-align:center;"|200
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}" |
| [[Scottish National Party|SNP]]
| style="text-align:center;"|46
| style="text-align:center;"|50
| style="text-align:center;"|54
| style="text-align:center;"|47
| style="text-align:center;"|47
| style="text-align:center;"|46.5
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
| [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| style="text-align:center;"|7
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|7
| style="text-align:center;"|9
| style="text-align:center;"|11
| style="text-align:center;"|13.5
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Plaid Cymru}}" |
| [[Plaid Cymru]]
| style="text-align:center;"|2
| style="text-align:center;"|2
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|4
| style="text-align:center;"|—
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}" |
| [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]]
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1.25
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|UK Independence Party}}" |
| [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]]
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0.5
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| Others
| style="text-align:center;"|1<ref group="n" name="EF-GB-only" />
| style="text-align:center;"|18<ref group="n" name="EC-Speaker" />
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|2
| style="text-align:center;"|19
| style="text-align:center;"|—
|-
! colspan="2"| Overall result (probability)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority''' (98%)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority''' (71%)
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority'''
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Hung <br /> parliament'''
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority'''
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Conservative <br /> majority'''
|}

===Predictions on polling day===
The UK's [[First-past-the-post voting|first-past-the-post]] electoral system means that national shares of the vote do not give an exact indicator of how the various parties will be represented in Parliament. Different commentators and pollsters currently provide a number of predictions, based on polls and other data, as to how the parties will be represented in Parliament:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="2"| Parties
! style="vertical-align:top; background:#d2d3d4"|  2015 <br />election  <br />result
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Election<br />Forecast<ref name="auto3" /><br /><small>as of 8 June 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Electoral <br /> Calculus<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/homepage.html |title=General Election Prediction |publisher=electoralcalculus.co.uk|access-date=8 June 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 8 June 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Lord <br /> Ashcroft<ref name="auto2" /><br /><small>as of 8 June 2017</small><ref>Combined probabilistic estimate</ref>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Elections<br />Etc.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://electionsetc.com/2017/06/08/final-combined-forecast-for-ge2017/ |title=FINAL COMBINED FORECAST FOR GE2017 |date=8 June 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 8 June 2017</small>
! style="vertical-align:top;" | ''New<br />Statesman''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://elections.newstatesman.com/constituency-forecasts/ |title=CONSTITUENCY FORECASTS, June 2017 |work=New Statesman |date=8 June 2017 |access-date=26 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813175129/http://elections.newstatesman.com/constituency-forecasts/ |archive-date=13 August 2018 |url-status=dead  }}</ref><br /><small>as of 8 June 2017</small>
! YouGov<ref>{{cite web |url=https://yougov.co.uk/uk-general-election-2017/ |title=Voting intention and seat estimates|access-date=8 June 2017}}</ref><br /><small>as of 8 June 2017</small>
! Britain Elects<ref>{{cite web|url=http://britainelects.com/nowcast/|title=The Britain Elects Nowcast|access-date=8 June 2017|date=June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605120825/http://britainelects.com/nowcast|archive-date=5 June 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><small>as of 8 June 2017</small>
![[Spreadex]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 June 2017|title=Spreadex UK General Election Update, 7th June 2017 {{!}} Spreadex {{!}} Financial Spread Betting|url=https://www.spreadex.com/financials/market-analysis/financial-trading-blog/07-jun-17-120000/|access-date=2020-07-20|website=www.spreadex.com}}</ref>
<small>as of June 8, 2017</small>
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]]
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''330'''}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''366'''}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''358'''}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''357'''}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''358'''}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''337'''}}
| style="text-align:center; |302
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''356'''}}
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | {{center|'''368'''}}
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
| [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
| style="text-align:center; background:#d2d3d4"|'''232'''
| style="text-align:center;"|207
| style="text-align:center;"|218
| style="text-align:center;"|217
| style="text-align:center;"|214
| style="text-align:center;"|227
| style="text-align:center;"|269
| style="text-align:center;"|219
| style="text-align:center;"|201
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}" |
| [[Scottish National Party|SNP]]
| style="text-align:center; background:#d2d3d4"|'''56'''
| style="text-align:center;"|46
| style="text-align:center;"|49
| style="text-align:center;"|44
| style="text-align:center;"|47
| style="text-align:center;"|54
| style="text-align:center;"|44
| style="text-align:center;"|43
| style="text-align:center;"|46.5
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
| [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| style="text-align:center; background:#d2d3d4"|'''8'''
| style="text-align:center;"|7
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|5
| style="text-align:center;"|9
| style="text-align:center;"|10
| style="text-align:center;"|12
| style="text-align:center;"|9
| style="text-align:center;"|11.5
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Plaid Cymru}}" |
| [[Plaid Cymru]]
| style="text-align:center; background:#d2d3d4"|'''3'''
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|2
| style="text-align:center;"|3
| style="text-align:center;"|—
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}" |
| [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]]
| style="text-align:center; background:#d2d3d4"|'''1'''
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|1
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|UK Independence Party}}" |
| [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]]
| style="text-align:center; background:#d2d3d4"|'''1'''
| style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
| style="text-align:center;"|0
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
| Others
| style="text-align:center; background:#d2d3d4"|'''19'''
| style="text-align:center;"|1{{refn|GB forecast only}}
| style="text-align:center;"|19
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|—
| style="text-align:center;"|20
| style="text-align:center;"|19
| style="text-align:center;"|—
|-
! colspan="2"| Overall result
| style="text-align:center; background:#d2d3d4"| '''Conservative <br /> majority of 10'''
| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};  color:white"| '''Conservative <br /> majority of 82'''
| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};  color:white"| '''Conservative <br /> majority of 66'''
| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};  color:white"| '''Conservative <br /> majority of 64'''
| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};  color:white"| '''Conservative <br /> majority of 66'''
| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};  color:white"| '''Conservative <br /> majority of 24'''
| style="text-align:center;"| '''Hung <br /> Parliament''' <br /> <small> (Con 24 seats short)</small>
| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};  color:white"| '''Conservative <br /> majority of 62'''
| style="text-align:center; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};  color:white"| '''Conservative <br /> majority of 86'''
|}
*[[Michael Ashcroft#UK electoral polling|Lord Ashcroft Polls]] announced an estimate for the election result. He updated it at intervals on his website.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lordashcroftpolls.com/2017/05/election-2017-ashcroft-model/ |title=Election 2017: The Ashcroft Model |date=12 May 2017 |website=Lord Ashcroft Polls |access-date=17 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://dashboards.lordashcroftpolls.com/login.aspx?target=1rH46DzH68RfFl7AknVWbbl4nsH0s//j5uXrUWFycQ4= |title=Dapresy |website=dashboards.lordashcroftpolls.com}}</ref>
*[[Electoral Calculus]] maintained a running projection of seats according to latest polls on its website. It also maintained a seat-by-seat projection for Scotland.<ref name="auto4" />
*Election Forecast also maintained a projection of seats based on current opinion poll averages on their website.<ref name="auto3" />
*Elections Etc. issued regular forecasts based on current opinion poll averages, Betting Markets, expert predictions and other sources on their website.<ref name="auto5">{{cite web |url=https://electionsetc.com/2017/06/02/combined-forecast-for-ge2017-third-update// |title=COMBINED FORECAST FOR GE2017: SECOND UPDATE |date=2 June 2017}}</ref>
*[[YouGov]] issued daily seat estimates using their aggregated statistical election model.{{clarify|date=June 2017}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://yougov.co.uk/news/2017/06/07/two-methods-one-commitment-yougovs-polling-and-mod/ |title=Two methods, one commitment: YouGov's polling and model at the 2017 election |access-date=26 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="auto6">{{cite web |url=https://yougov.co.uk/uk-general-election-2017/ |title=Voting intention and seat estimates |access-date=7 June 2017}}</ref>
*Britain Elects maintained a 'nowcast' – a projection showing what the result would be if held today – of seats based on historical data as well as national and regional polling.<ref name="auto7" />

===Exit poll===
An [[exit poll]], conducted by [[GfK]] and [[Ipsos MORI]] on behalf of the [[BBC]], [[ITN|ITV]] and [[Sky News]], was published at the end of voting at 10&nbsp;pm, predicting the number of seats for each party, with the Conservatives being the largest party, but short of an overall majority:<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40208731 |title=Election 2017: Exit poll predicts Tories to be largest party |date=8 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=8 June 2017 }}</ref> Actual results were close to the prediction.
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" |Parties
! style="vertical-align:top;" |Seats
! style="vertical-align:top;" |Change
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
|[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
| style="text-align:right;" |314
| align=right| {{decrease}} 17
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
|[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
| style="text-align:right;" |266
| align=right| {{increase}} 34
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}" |
|[[Scottish National Party]]
| style="text-align:right;" |34
| align=right| {{decrease}} 22
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
|[[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| style="text-align:right;" |14
| align=right| {{increase}} 6
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Plaid Cymru}}" |
|[[Plaid Cymru]]
| style="text-align:right;" |3
|align=right | {{steady}}
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}" |
|[[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]]
| style="text-align:right;" |1
| align=right| {{steady}}
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|UK Independence Party}}" |
|[[UK Independence Party|UKIP]]
| style="text-align:right;" |0
| align=right| {{decrease}} 1
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent (politician)}}" |
|Others
| style="text-align:right;" | 18
|align=right| {{steady}}
|-
! colspan=4 | Conservatives 12 short of a majority
|}

==Results==
{{For|results by county/region and analysis|Results breakdown of the 2017 United Kingdom general election}}
{{For|complete results by individual constituency |Results of the 2017 United Kingdom general election}}
[[File:Vote share percentage for individual constituencies..png|center|thumb|600x600px|{{legend|#1666cb|Conservative—70–80%}}{{legend|#4389e3|Conservative—60–70%}}{{legend|#86b6f2|Conservative—50–60%}}{{legend|#b9d7ff|Conservative—40–50%}}{{legend|#d3e7ff|Conservative—<40%}}{{legend|#FFCCD0|Labour—<40%}}{{legend|#f2b3be|Labour—40–50%}}{{legend|#e27f90|Labour—50–60%}}{{legend|#cc2f4a|Labour—60–70%}}{{legend|#d40000|Labour—70–80%}}{{legend|#aa0000|Labour—80–85%}}{{legend|#800000|Labour—>85%}}]]

Results for all constituencies except [[Kensington (UK Parliament constituency)|Kensington]] were reported by the morning after the election. The Conservatives remained the largest single party in terms of seats and votes, but were short of a parliamentary majority. The Conservatives won 317 seats with 42.4% of the vote while the Labour Party won 262 seats with 40.0% of the vote. The election resulted in the third [[hung parliament]] since the [[Second World War]], elections in [[February 1974 United Kingdom general election|February 1974]] and [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010]] having previously resulted in hung parliaments. [[YouGov]] correctly predicted a hung parliament after employing "controversial" methodology.<ref name="yougov guardian">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/may/31/yougov-poll-predicting-hung-parliament-brave |title=YouGov's poll predicting a hung parliament is certainly brave |website=The Guardian |date=31 May 2017}}</ref><ref name="yougov newscientist">{{cite web |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2134144-how-yougovs-experimental-poll-correctly-called-the-uk-election/ |title=How YouGov's experimental poll correctly called the UK election |website=New Scientist |date=9 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="yougov independent">{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/News/uk/politics/election-results-hung-parliament-exit-poll-yougov-latest-conservatives-labour-winning-a7780401.html |title=Election results in line with YouGov and exit poll predictions of hung parliament |website=The Independent |date=9 June 2017}}</ref>

Twenty-nine seats that had changed parties at the 2015 election changed parties again in 2017. Nineteen of these seats returned the candidate from the party that had held the seat in 2010. A third party took ten of these seats: nine were Conservative gains from the SNP in seats that the SNP had won from Labour in 2015, whilst [[Portsmouth South (UK Parliament constituency)|Portsmouth South]], which the Conservatives had gained from the Lib Dems in 2015, was then gained by Labour in 2017.

In England, Labour made a net gain of 21 seats, taking 25 constituencies from the Conservatives and two from the Liberal Democrats. Its gains were predominantly in university towns and cities and in London, most notably achieving victories in [[Battersea (UK Parliament constituency)|Battersea]], [[Canterbury (UK Parliament constituency)|Canterbury]], [[Kensington (UK Parliament constituency)|Kensington]] and [[Ipswich (UK Parliament constituency)|Ipswich]] from the Conservatives by narrow margins;<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40215512 |title=General Election 2017: The major political casualties |date=9 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=11 June 2017}}</ref> it also lost five seats to the Conservatives, largely in [[the Midlands]], and did not regain [[Copeland (UK Parliament constituency)|Copeland]] which had been lost in a [[2017 Copeland by-election|February by-election]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/0/general-election-2017-results-analysis-theresa-may-lost-majority/ |title=General Election analysis: The maps and charts that show how Theresa May lost her majority |date=10 June 2017 |work=The Telegraph}}</ref> The Conservatives experienced a net loss of 22 seats, the first time since 1997 that the party suffered a net loss of seats. They gained [[Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)|Clacton]] from UKIP and [[Southport (UK Parliament constituency)|Southport]] from the Liberal Democrats in addition to the six gains from Labour. The Liberal Democrats took five seats from the Conservatives, including [[Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Twickenham]], won back by [[Vince Cable]], and [[Kingston and Surbiton (UK Parliament constituency)|Kingston and Surbiton]], won by [[Ed Davey]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/09/lib-dems-clegg-cable-tim-farron |title=Lib Dems' night of mixed fortunes as Clegg loses seat but Cable returns |date=9 June 2017 |access-date=9 June 2017 |newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref> but lost two seats to Labour: [[Leeds North West (UK Parliament constituency)|Leeds North West]] and [[Sheffield Hallam (UK Parliament constituency)|Sheffield Hallam]], the seat of former party leader [[Nick Clegg]]. [[Richmond Park (UK Parliament constituency)|Richmond Park]], which the Liberal Democrats had won in a 2016 by-election, was narrowly lost to the Conservatives. [[Caroline Lucas]] remained the sole Green Party MP, retaining [[Brighton Pavilion (UK Parliament constituency)|Brighton Pavilion]].

In Scotland, the Conservatives, Labour, and the Liberal Democrats all gained seats from the SNP, whose losses were attributed to opposition to a [[proposed second Scottish independence referendum|second Scottish independence referendum]], contributing to tactical voting for unionist parties.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/07/snp-anti-independence-nicola-sturgeon-angus-robertson |title=SNP braced to lose up to 12 seats amid anti-independence backlash |first=Severin |last=Carrell |date=7 June 2017 |work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-40216748 |title=General election 2017: Sturgeon says Indyref2 'a factor' in SNP losses |date=9 June 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> The Conservative Party placed second in Scotland for the first time since [[1992 United Kingdom general election|1992]], won its largest number of seats in Scotland since [[1983 United Kingdom general election|1983]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/08/scotland-election-results-live-will-snp-nicola-sturgeon-do |title=Scotland election results: Alex Salmond defeated and SNP suffer huge losses as Tory chances boosted north of the border |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |date=9 June 2017 |access-date=9 June 2017}}</ref> and recorded its highest share of the vote there since [[1979 United Kingdom general election|1979]]. With thirteen seats, the [[Scottish Conservatives]] became the largest unionist party in Scotland for the first time since [[1955 United Kingdom general election|1955]]. Labour gained six seats from the SNP, while the Liberal Democrats gained three. Having won 56 of 59 Scottish seats at the last general election, the SNP lost a total of 21 seats, and majorities in its remaining seats were greatly reduced.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40190856 |title=Election 2017: Which seats changed hands? |date=10 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=11 June 2017}}</ref> High-profile losses included SNP Commons leader [[Angus Robertson]] in [[Moray (UK Parliament constituency)|Moray]] and former party leader and ex-First Minister [[Alex Salmond]] in [[Gordon (UK Parliament constituency)|Gordon]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-40192707 |title=General election 2017: SNP lose a third of seats amid Tory surge |date=9 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=11 June 2017}}</ref>

In Wales, Labour held 25 seats and gained [[Cardiff North (UK Parliament constituency)|Cardiff North]], [[Gower (UK Parliament constituency)|Gower]] and [[Vale of Clwyd (UK Parliament constituency)|Vale of Clwyd]] from the Conservatives, leaving the Welsh Tories with eight seats. Plaid Cymru retained its three existing seats and gained [[Ceredigion (UK Parliament constituency)|Ceredigion]], the Liberal Democrats' only seat in Wales.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-politics-40195154 |title=General Election 2017: Labour hails 'fantastic' results |date=9 June 2017 |access-date=9 June 2017 |work=BBC News}}</ref> This was the first ever election at which the Liberal Democrats or one of their ancestral parties failed to win a seat in Wales.

In Northern Ireland, the SDLP lost its three seats ([[Foyle (UK Parliament constituency)|Foyle]] and [[South Down (UK Parliament constituency)|South Down]] to Sinn Féin and [[Belfast South (UK Parliament constituency)|Belfast South]] to the DUP), while the UUP lost its two seats ([[Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)|Fermanagh and South Tyrone]] to Sinn Féin and [[South Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)|South Antrim]] to the DUP). With the Alliance Party failing to win any seats or regain [[Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)|Belfast East]], this left the DUP with ten seats (up from eight) and Sinn Féin with seven (up from four); independent unionist [[Sylvia Hermon]] retained [[North Down (UK Parliament constituency)|North Down]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/election-2017-40208320 |title=Election results 2017: DUP and Sinn Féin celebrate election gains |date=9 June 2017 |access-date=9 June 2017 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Recording its best result since [[Partition of Ireland|partition]], Sinn Féin confirmed it would continue [[Abstentionism#Sinn Féin|its abstentionist policy]], leaving no [[Irish nationalism#Northern Ireland|nationalist]] representation in the House of Commons.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/13/sinn-fein-mps-house-of-commons-theresa-may-dup |title=Unseated: the Sinn Féin MPs whose absence strengthens May's hand in Commons |last=Bowcott |first=Owen |date=13 June 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=19 July 2017}}</ref>

UKIP failed to win any seats, its vote share falling from 12.6% at the previous general election to just 1.8%; party leader Paul Nuttall came third in [[Boston and Skegness (UK Parliament constituency)|Boston and Skegness]]. The Greens' vote share dropped from 3.8% to 1.6%.

===Analysis===
The result was noted for increased vote shares for Labour (up 9.6 percentage points) and the Conservatives (up 5.5 percentage points), with a combined 82.4% share of the vote, up from 67.3% in 2015. The highest combined share of the vote for the two main parties since [[1970 United Kingdom general election|1970]], it was suggested this indicated a return to [[Two-party system|two-party politics]]<ref name=":18" /> caused by tactical voting<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/uk-voting-systems-elections-tactical-game-system-research-general-theresa-may-conservatives-reform-a7903961.html |title=22&nbsp;million votes didn't have any impact in the general election|date=21 August 2017}}</ref> which led to the Conservatives having a smaller share of seats despite an increased number of votes. The election was characterised by higher turnout, particularly among younger voters, which may have contributed to Labour's increased vote share.<ref name=":17">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2017/jun/09/corbyn-may-young-voters-labour-surge |title=The youth for today: how the 2017 election changed the political landscape |last=Travis |first=Alan |date=9 June 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=11 June 2017}}</ref><ref name=":19">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/datablog/ng-interactive/2017/jun/20/young-voters-class-and-turnout-how-britain-voted-in-2017 |title=Young voters, class and turnout: how Britain voted in 2017 |last1=Holder |first1=Josh |date=19 June 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=19 July 2017 |last2=Barr |first2=Caelainn |last3=Kommenda |first3=Niko}}</ref> Research company [[Ipsos MORI]] considered age to be one of the most significant factors behind the result; compared to the 2015 general election, under-45s tended to opt more for Labour and over-54s for the Conservatives.<ref name=":19" /> It found 60% of those aged 18–24 voted Labour while 61% of over-64s voted Conservative.<ref name=":19" /> The swing to Labour was high in those seats with large numbers of young people.<ref name=":20">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40219338 |title=UK election: Six key lessons from a surprise result |last=Curtice |first=John |date=9 June 2017 |work=BBC News |access-date=19 July 2017}}</ref> In seats where the Remain vote was strong there was also evidence of tactical voting against the Conservatives to stop a "hard Brexit", with many voters opting for the non-Conservative candidate with the best chance of winning.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/june2017/2017/10/how-brexit-cost-conservatives-their-majority |title=How Brexit cost the Conservatives their majority |website=New Statesman}}</ref>

In terms of [[NRS social grade|social grade]], Labour increased its share of middle-class voters (defined as ABC1) by 12 percentage points compared to the previous election while the Conservatives increased their share of working-class voters (C2DE) by 12 percentage points.<ref name=":19" /> Political scientist [[John Curtice]] found that the Conservatives tended to experience a greater increase in vote share in seats with a higher proportion of working-class voters, particularly those that voted Leave in the EU referendum.<ref name=":20" /> Many of Labour's most successful results occurred in seats that voted Remain by a large margin in 2016.<ref name=":20" />

Compared to previous elections, turnout by [[Private rented sector|private renters]] increased (from 51% in 2010 to 65%) and favoured Labour to a greater degree, with the party achieving a 23-point lead over the Conservatives among private renters; the Conservatives maintained a 14-point lead among [[Owner-occupancy|homeowners]].<ref name=":21">{{Cite news |url=https://www.ft.com/content/6734cdde-550b-11e7-9fed-c19e2700005f |title=Youth turnout at general election highest in 25 years, data show |last=Burn-Murdoch |first=John |date=20 June 2017 |work=Financial Times|access-date=19 July 2017}}</ref> In terms of education, [[YouGov]] found that a one-point lead for the Conservatives among university graduates in 2015 had flipped to a 17-point lead for Labour in 2017.<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22">{{cite web |url=https://yougov.co.uk/news/2017/06/13/how-britain-voted-2017-general-election/ |title=How Britain voted at the 2017 general election |date=13 June 2017 |website=YouGov|access-date=19 July 2017}}</ref> For those with low educational qualifications, the Conservatives led by 22 points, up from 8 points in 2015.<ref name=":21" /><ref name=":22" />

It was suggested that UKIP's decline boosted both main parties, but tended to help Labour retain seats in the North of England and the Midlands against the Conservatives, though it may have also benefited the Conservatives in predominantly working-class seats.<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":21" /> Ipsos Mori found that UKIP's collapse was consistent across all age groups.<ref name=":19" />

Published in August 2017, the [[British Election Study]] (BES), which surveyed 30,000 voters, found that despite a relatively low profile in the campaign, Brexit was considered to be the single most important issue facing the country by over a third of respondents.<ref name=":23">{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40630242 |title=General election 2017: Brexit dominated voters' thoughts |last1=Fieldhouse |first1=Ed |date=1 August 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=2 August 2017 |last2=Prosser |first2=Chris}}</ref> It found more than half of UKIP voters in 2015 went to the Conservatives, while 18% went to Labour.<ref name=":23" /> Remain voters tended to favour Labour, with the party particularly gaining among Remain voters who previously supported other parties, despite perceived uncertainty over its position on the [[European Single Market|single market]].<ref name=":23" /> There was a strong correlation between those who prioritised controlling immigration and the Conservatives, while the same was true for supporting single market access and those who opted for Labour or the Liberal Democrats.<ref name=":23" />

The BES study indicated the importance of the campaign period. A pre-election survey found 41% for the Conservatives and 27% for Labour, but by the election 19% of voters had switched party.<ref name=":23" /> Unlike the previous election where both main parties achieved similar shares of late-switchers, Labour won 54% while the Conservatives won 19%.<ref name=":23" /> Likeability of party leaders also narrowed over the course of the campaign.<ref name=":23" />

Newly elected MPs included Britain's first turbaned Sikh MP, [[Tanmanjeet Singh Dhesi|Tan Dhesi]],<ref name="Basu">{{cite web |last1=Basu |first1=Indrani |title=How Tanmanjeet Singh Dhesi Became UK's First Turbaned Sikh Member of Parliament |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/06/09/jalandhar-boy-tanmanjeet-singh-dhesi-is-uks-first-turbaned-memb_a_22133948/ |website=Huffington Post India |access-date=9 June 2017 |date=9 June 2017}}</ref> the first woman Sikh MP, [[Preet Gill]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Preet Gill elected as first woman Sikh MP |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40212954 |work=BBC News|access-date=9 June 2017 |date=9 June 2017}}</ref> and the first MP of [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] descent, [[Layla Moran]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/international/147468-170609-british-politician-becomes-the-first-mp-of-palestinian-decent |title=British politician becomes the first MP of Palestinian descent<!--typo "decent" silently corrected per [[WP:MOSQUOTE]]--> |work=i24news.tv |access-date=9 June 2017}}</ref>

A record number of woman and LGBT+ MPs were elected.<ref name="Wheeler">{{cite news |last1=Wheeler |first1=Richard Richard |title=Britain elects more than 200 woman MPs for the first time |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/News/uk/politics/2017-general-election-result-record-number-female-mps-voted-parliament-a7780781.html |access-date=9 June 2017 |work=[[The Independent]] |date=9 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The UK just elected a record number of LGBTQ people to Parliament |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2017/06/09/the-uk-just-elected-a-record-number-of-lgbtq-people-to-parliament |website=Pink News |access-date=9 June 2017 |date=9 June 2017}}</ref> 208 woman MPs were elected to Parliament; the first time more than 200 MPs were women and beating the previous high of 196 woman MPs in the last Parliament.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40192060 |title=Election 2017: Record number of female MPs|work=BBC News|date=10 June 2017}}</ref> For the first time, a majority of MPs were educated at state comprehensive schools.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/live/2017/jun/09/election-2017-theresa-may-speaks-outside-downing-street-after-shock-result-hunh-parliament-live?page=with:block-593ad011e4b0bdd87e2f515d#block-593ad011e4b0bdd87e2f515d |title=UK general election 2017: Trump offers 'warm support' to Theresa May – as it happened |first1=Claire |last1=Phipps |first2=Andrew |last2=Sparrow |first3=Matthew |last3=Weaver |first4=Kevin |last4=Rawlinson |date=9 June 2017 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> More MPs who are known to be disabled were elected in 2017 than in 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40232272 |title=Election results 2017: The most diverse Parliament yet |first=Cherry |last=Wilson |date=11 June 2017 |work=BBC News}}</ref>

===Long-term trends===
The results of the 2017 general election indicate the tilting of Britain's political axis, which reflects long-term trends.<ref name="Jennings">{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/1467-923X.12403|title = Tilting Towards the Cosmopolitan Axis? Political Change in England and the 2017 General Election |journal=The Political Quarterly |volume=88 |issue=3 |pages=359–369 |year=2017 |last1=Jennings |first1=Will |last2=Stoker |first2=Gerry |url=https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/411956/1/Jennings_Stoker_PQ_FINAL.pdf}}</ref> Looking at information of constituency-level voting in England between 2005 and 2017, patterns of voting confirm the relevance of identifying new categories of social class alongside traditional political divides.<ref name="Jennings" /> Labour has had increased appeal to voters who work in areas central to the modern British economy, and at the same time in larger metropolitan centres and economically dynamic university towns.<ref name="Jennings" /> On the other hand, the Conservative voter base has been seen to increase in less populated, less ethnically diverse areas, where voters are more engaged in industries such as manufacturing.<ref name="Jennings" />

===Overall===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="250px" style="float:center;">
File:2017 UK general election constituency map.svg|Election results plotted on a map showing equal-size constituencies, showing winning party in each.
File:Minor party only UK 2017.png|Election results showing the best-performing party in each constituency, other than Conservative or Labour.
</gallery>
{{clear}}

====Summary====

{| style="width:80%; text-align:center;"
|+ ↓
|- style="color:white;"
| style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; width:48.8%;" | '''317'''
| style="background:{{party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}; width:1.5%;" | '''10'''
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; width:40.3%;" | '''262'''
| style="background:{{party color|Scottish National Party}}; color:black; width:5.4%;" | '''35'''
| style="background:{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}; width:1.8%;" | '''12'''
| style="background:gray; width:2.2%;" | '''14'''
|-
| {{colour|{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}|'''Conservative'''}}
| {{colour|{{party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}|'''DUP'''}}
| {{colour|{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}|'''Labour'''}}
| {{colour|black|'''SNP'''}}
| {{colour|{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}|<small>'''LD'''</small>}}
| <span style="color:black;">'''O'''</span>
|}
[[File:2017 UK parliament.svg |center|300px]]
After all 650 constituencies had been declared, the results were:<ref>{{cite web |title=General Election 2017: full results and analysis |url=http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7979#fullreport |website=UK Parliament |access-date=23 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Results |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2017/results |work=BBC News|access-date=14 December 2017}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Party
!           rowspan=2 | Leader
! colspan=3           | MPs
! colspan=3           | Votes
|-
!
! Of total
! class="unsortable" |
!
! Of total
! class="unsortable" |
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]
| style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | <small>[[Theresa May]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | 317
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|317|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|317|650|hex={{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 13,636,684
| style="text-align:right;" | 42.4%
| {{percentage bar|42.4||c={{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
| style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | <small>[[Jeremy Corbyn]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | 262
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|262|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|262|650|hex={{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 12,877,918
| style="text-align:right;" | 40.0%
| {{percentage bar|40.0||c={{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Scottish National Party]]
| style="background:{{party color|Scottish National Party}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | <small>[[Nicola Sturgeon]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | 35
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|35|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|35|650|hex={{party color|Scottish National Party}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 977,568
| style="text-align:right;" | 3.0%
| {{percentage bar|3.0||c={{party color|Scottish National Party}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| style="background:{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | <small>[[Tim Farron]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | 12
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|12|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|12|650|hex={{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 2,371,861
| style="text-align:right;" | 7.4%
| {{percentage bar|7.4||c={{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Democratic Unionist Party]]
| style="background:{{party color|Democratic Unionist Party}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | <small>[[Arlene Foster]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|10|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|10|650|hex={{party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 292,316
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.9%
| {{percentage bar|0.9||c={{party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Sinn Féin]]
| style="background:{{party color|Sinn Féin}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | <small>[[Gerry Adams]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|7|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|7|650|hex={{party color|Sinn Féin}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 238,915
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.7%
| {{percentage bar|0.7||c={{party color|Sinn Féin}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Plaid Cymru]]
| style="background:{{party color|Plaid Cymru}}" |
| style="text-align:left;" | <small>[[Leanne Wood]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|4|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|4|650|hex={{party color|Plaid Cymru}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 164,466
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.5%
| {{percentage bar|0.5||c={{party color|Plaid Cymru}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Green Party of England and Wales]]
| style="background:{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}};" |
| style="text-align:left;" | <small>[[Jonathan Bartley]]<br />[[Caroline Lucas]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|1|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|1|650|hex={{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 525,665 
| style="text-align:right;" | 1.6%
| {{percentage bar|1.6||c={{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|-
| {{n/a|[[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker]]}}
| style="background:{{party color|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}};" |
| <small>[[John Bercow]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Percentage|1|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|1|650|hex={{party color|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 34,299
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.1%
| {{percentage bar|0.1||c={{party color|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|-
| {{n/a|Independent}}
| style="background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}};" |
| <small>[[Sylvia Hermon]]</small>
| style="text-align:right;" | [[North Down (UK Parliament constituency)|1]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  {{Percentage|1|650|1|pad=yes}}
| data-sort-value="" | {{Infobox political party/seats|1|650|hex={{party color|Independent (politician)}}}}
| style="text-align:right;" | 16,148
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.05%
| {{percentage bar|0.1||c={{party color|Independent (politician)}}|border-color=#c0c0c0|background-color=#f0f0f0}}
|}

====Full results====
{{2017 United Kingdom parliamentary election}}

{{Pie chart
| caption = Seats, of total, by party
| label1 =[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| value1 = 48.8
| color1 ={{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}
| label2 =[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| value2 = 40.3
| color2 = {{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}
| label3 =[[Scottish National Party|SNP]]
| value3 = 5.4
| color3 = {{party color|Scottish National Party}}
| label4 =[[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| value4 = 1.8
| color4 = {{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
| label5 =[[Democratic Unionist Party|DUP]]
| value5 = 1.5
| color5 = {{party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}
| label6 =[[Sinn Féin]]
| value6 = 1.1
| color6 = {{party color|Sinn Féin}}
| label7 =[[Plaid Cymru]]
| value7 = 0.6
| color7 = {{party color|Plaid Cymru}}
| label8 =[[Green Party of England and Wales|Green]]
| value8 = 0.2
| color8 = {{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}
| label9 =[[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker]]
| value9 = 0.2
| color9 = {{party color|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}}
| label10 =[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
| value10 = 0.2
| color10 = {{party color|Independent (politician)}}
}}

{{Pie chart
| caption = Votes, of total, by party
| label1 =[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
| value1 = 42.3
| color1 ={{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}
| label2 =[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
| value2 = 40.0
| color2 = {{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}
| label4 =[[Scottish National Party|SNP]]
| value4 = 3.0
| color4 = {{party color|Scottish National Party}}
| label3 =[[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| value3 = 7.4
| color3 = {{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
| label5 =[[UKIP]]
| value5 = 1.8
| color5 = {{party color|UKIP}}
| label7 =[[Democratic Unionist Party|DUP]]
| value7 = 0.9
| color7 = {{party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}
| label8 =[[Sinn Féin]]
| value8 = 0.7
| color8 = {{party color|Sinn Féin}}
| label9 =[[Plaid Cymru]]
| value9 = 0.5
| color9 = {{party color|Plaid Cymru}}
| label6 =[[Green Party of England and Wales|Green]]
| value6 = 1.6
| color6 = {{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}
| other = yes
}}

''All parties with over 400 votes shown.''

{{bar box
|title=Vote share
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=600px
|barwidth=410px
|bars=
{{bar percent|'''Conservative'''|{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}|42.4}} <!-- Parliament itself lists the Speaker separately; see note above by the Conservative seat tally in the main infobox -->
{{bar percent|Labour|{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}|40.0}}
{{bar percent|Liberal Democrat|{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}|7.4}}
{{bar percent border|Scottish National|{{party color|Scottish National Party}}|border=darkgray|3.0}}
{{bar percent|UK Independence|{{party color|UKIP}}|1.8}}
{{bar percent|Green|{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}|1.6}}
{{bar percent|Democratic&nbsp;Unionist|{{party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}|0.9}}
{{bar percent|Sinn Féin|{{party color|Sinn Féin}}|0.7}}
{{bar percent|Plaid Cymru|{{party color|Plaid Cymru}}|0.5}}
{{bar percent|Others|#777777|1.8}}
}}
{{bar box
|title=Parliamentary seats
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=600px
|barwidth=410px
|bars=
{{bar percent|'''Conservative'''|{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}|48.8}} <!-- Parliament itself lists the Speaker separately; see note above by the Conservative seat tally in the main infobox -->
{{bar percent|Labour|{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}|40.3}}
{{bar percent border|Scottish National|{{party color|Scottish National Party}}|border=darkgray|5.4}}
{{bar percent|Liberal Democrat|{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}|1.8}}
{{bar percent|Democratic&nbsp;Unionist|{{party color|Democratic Unionist Party}}|1.5}}
{{bar percent|Sinn Féin|{{party color|Sinn Féin}}|1.1}}
{{bar percent|Plaid Cymru|{{party color|Plaid Cymru}}|0.6}}
{{bar percent|Green|{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}|0.2}}
{{bar percent|Speaker|{{party color|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}}|0.2}}
{{bar percent|Independent|{{party color|Independent (politician)}}|0.2}}
}}

[[File:2017 UK General Election Gallagher Index.png|right|thumb|The disproportionality of parliament in the 2017 election was 6.45 using the [[Gallagher Index]].]]

===Voter demographics===

====Ipsos MORI====

[[Ipsos MORI]] polling after the election suggested the following demographic breakdown:

{| class=wikitable
|-
! colspan="10" | The 2017 UK general election vote in Great Britain<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/how-britain-voted-2017-election|title=How Britain voted in the 2017 election|website=Ipsos MORI}}</ref>
|-
! style="width:150px;" rowspan="2" | Social group
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable" | [[Conservative Party (UK)|Con]]
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable" | [[Labour Party (UK)|Lab]]
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable" | [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Lib Dem]]
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable" | [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]]
! style="width:60px;" rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Others
! style="width:60px;" rowspan="2" class="unsortable" | Lead
|-
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; width:60px;" |
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}};       width:60px;" |
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}};  width:60px;" |
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|UK Independence Party}};   width:60px;" |
|-
| Total vote
| style="text-align:right; background:#A2DDFF;" | '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 41
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''3'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Gender
|-
| Male
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;"| '''4'''
|-
| Female
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''43'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 42
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''1'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Age
|-
| 18–24
| style="text-align:right;" | 27
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''62'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''35'''
|-
| 25–34
| style="text-align:right;" | 27
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''56'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 9
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''29'''
|-
| 35–44
| style="text-align:right;" | 33
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''49'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''16'''
|-
| 45–54
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''43'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''3'''
|-
| 55–64
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''51'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 34
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''17'''
|-
| 65+
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''61'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 25
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''36'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Men by age
|-
| 18–24
| style="text-align:right;" | 36
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''52'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''16'''
|-
| 25–34
| style="text-align:right;" | 30
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''54'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''24'''
|-
| 35–54
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''42'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''2'''
|-
| 55+
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''56'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 30
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''26'''
|-
! colspan=9|Women by age
|-
| 18–24
| style="text-align:right;" | 18
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''73'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''55'''
|-
| 25–34
| style="text-align:right;" | 24
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''58'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''34'''
|-
| 35–54
| style="text-align:right;" | 37
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''46'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''9'''
|-
| 55+
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''58'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 27
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''31'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Social class
|-
| AB
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''47'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 37
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''10'''
|-
| C1
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''4'''
|-
| C2
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''45'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 41
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''4'''
|-
| DE
| style="text-align:right;" | 38
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''47'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''9'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Men by social class
|-
| AB
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''50'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 34
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''16'''
|-
| C1
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''43'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''3'''
|-
| C2
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''45'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 41
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''4'''
|-
| DE
| style="text-align:right;" | 36
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''48'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''12'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Women by social class
|-
| AB
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''43'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right;" | 11
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''3'''
|-
| C1
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''4'''
|-
| C2
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''45'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 42
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''3'''
|-
| DE
| style="text-align:right;" | 38
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''47'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''9'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Housing tenure
|-
| Owned
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''55'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 30
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''25'''
|-
| Mortgage
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''43'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right;" | 9
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''3'''
|-
| Social renter
| style="text-align:right;" | 26
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''57'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 9
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''31'''
|-
| Private renter
| style="text-align:right;" | 31
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''54'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''23'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Ethnic group
|-
| White
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''45'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 39
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''6'''
|-
| BME
| style="text-align:right;" | 19
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''73'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''54'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Qualifications
|-
| No qualifications
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''52'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 35
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''17'''
|-
| Other qualifications
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''46'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 39
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''7'''
|-
| Degree or higher
| style="text-align:right;" | 33
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''48'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 12
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''15'''
|-
! colspan=9| EU referendum vote
|-
| Remain
| style="text-align:right;" | 26
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''54'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 13
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''28'''
|-
| Leave
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''65'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 24
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''41'''
|-
| Did not vote
| style="text-align:right;" | 23
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''66'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''43'''
|-
! colspan=9|2015 general election vote
|-
| Conservative
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''87'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''79'''
|-
| Labour
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''88'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''81'''
|-
| Lib Dem
| style="text-align:right;" | 15
| style="text-align:right;" | 30
| style="text-align:right; background:#FEE1A8;" | '''51'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Liberal Democrats}}; color:black;" | '''21'''
|-
| UKIP
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''60'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 16
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 18
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''42'''
|-
! colspan=9 | Aged 18–34 by social class
|-
| AB
| style="text-align:right;" | 31
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''52'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''21'''
|-
| C1
| style="text-align:right;" | 27
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''58'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''31'''
|-
| C2
| style="text-align:right;" | 27
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''62'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''35'''
|-
| DE
| style="text-align:right;" | 18
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''70'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''52'''
|-
! colspan=9|Aged 35–54 by social class
|-
| AB
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''45'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 38
| style="text-align:right;" | 11
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''7'''
|-
| C1
| style="text-align:right;" | 38
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''43'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''5'''
|-
| C2
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''4'''
|-
| DE
| style="text-align:right;" | 27
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''55'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 9
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''28'''
|-
! colspan=9| Aged 55+ by social class
|-
| AB
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''61'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 24
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''37'''
|-
| C1
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''60'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 25
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;"| '''35'''
|-
| C2
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''59'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 28
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''31'''
|-
| DE
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''49'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 37
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right; background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; color:white;" | '''12'''
|}

====YouGov====
[[YouGov]] polling after the election suggested the following demographic breakdown:

{| class=wikitable
|-
! colspan="10" | The 2017 UK general election vote in Great Britain<ref>{{cite web|url=https://yougov.co.uk/topics/politics/articles-reports/2017/06/13/how-britain-voted-2017-general-election|title=How Britain voted at the 2017 general election &#124; YouGov|website=yougov.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://d25d2506sfb94s.cloudfront.net/cumulus_uploads/document/smo1w49ph1/InternalResults_170613_2017Election_Demographics_W.pdf |title=Survey Report |access-date=1 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
! style="width:150px;" rowspan="2" | Social group
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"| [[Conservative Party (UK)|Con]]
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"| [[Labour Party (UK)|Lab]]
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"| [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Lib Dem]]
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"| [[Scottish National Party|SNP]]
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"| [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]]
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"| [[Green Parties in the United Kingdom|Green]]<!--intentional link to DAB page-->
! style="width:60px;" class="unsortable"| [[Plaid Cymru|Plaid]]
! style="width:60px;" rowspan="2" class="unsortable"| Others
|-
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}; width:60px;"|
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}; width:60px;"|
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}; width:60px;"|
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|Scottish National Party}}; width:60px;"|
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|UK Independence Party}}; width:60px;"|
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|Green Party of England and Wales}}; width:60px;"|
! class="unsortable" style="background:{{party color|Plaid Cymru}}; width:60px;"|
|-
| Total vote
| style="text-align:right; background:#A2DDFF;"| '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 41
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
! colspan=9 | Gender
|-
| Male
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;"| '''45'''
| style="text-align:right;"| 43
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Female
| style="text-align:right;" | '''43'''
| style="text-align:right;" | '''43'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
! colspan=9 | Age
|-
| 18–19
| style="text-align:right;" | 19
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;"| '''66'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 9
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| 20–24
| style="text-align:right;"| 22
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''62'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 9
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
|-
| 25–29
| style="text-align:right;"| 23
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''63'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
|-
| 30–39
| style="text-align:right;" | 29
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;"| '''55'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
|-
| 40–49
| style="text-align:right;" | 39
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| 50–59
| style="text-align:right; background:#A5DFFF;" | '''47'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 37
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| 60–69
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''58'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 27
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| 70+
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''69'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 19
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
! colspan=9 | [[NRS social grade|Social class]]
|-
| AB
| style="text-align:right; background:#97D8FF;" | '''46'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 38
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| C1
| style="text-align:right;" | 41
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA3A3;" | '''43'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| C2
| style="text-align:right; background:#A5DFFF;" | '''47'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| DE
| style="text-align:right;" | 41
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA3A3;" | '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
! colspan=9 | Highest educational level
|-
| [[General Certificate of Secondary Education|GCSE]] or lower
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''55'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 33
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Medium
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''45'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 39
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| High (degree or above)
| style="text-align:right;" | 32
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA3A3;" | '''49'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 11
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
! colspan=9 | Housing status
|-
| Own
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''53'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 31
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Rent
| style="text-align:right;" | 32
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''51'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 5
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Neither
| style="text-align:right;" | 32
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''51'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 9
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
! colspan=9 | Work sector
|-
| Private sector
| style="text-align:right; background:#99D9FF;" | '''50'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 34
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Public sector
| style="text-align:right;" | 39
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
! colspan=9 | Work status
|-
| Full-time
| style="text-align:right;" | 39
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''45'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Part-time
| style="text-align:right;" | 40
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''44'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Student
| style="text-align:right;" | 19
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF6D6D;" | '''64'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 10
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Retired
| style="text-align:right; background:#8AD2FF;" | '''63'''
| style="text-align:right;  | 24
| style="text-align:right;" | 7
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Unemployed
| style="text-align:right;" | 28
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF6D6D;" | '''54'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Not working
| style="text-align:right;" | 36
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''48'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| Other
| style="text-align:right;" | 30
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF6D6D;" | '''55'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 4
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
! colspan=9 | Newspaper read most often
|-
| ''[[Daily Express]]''
| style="text-align:right; background:#8AD2FF;" | '''77'''
| style="text-align:right;  | 15
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
|-
| ''[[Daily Mail]]''
| style="text-align:right; background:#7CCAFF;" | '''74'''
| style="text-align:right;  | 17
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| ''[[Daily Mirror]]''
| style="text-align:right;" | 19
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF6D6D;" | '''68'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| ''[[Daily Star (British newspaper)|Daily Star]]''
| style="text-align:right;  | 38
| style="text-align:right; background:#FFA5A5;" | '''49'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
|-
| ''[[The Sun (United Kingdom)|The Sun]]''
| style="text-align:right; background:#6AC1FF;" | '''59'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 30
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''
| style="text-align:right; background:#6AC1FF;" | '''79'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 12
| style="text-align:right;" | 6
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| ''[[The Financial Times]]''
| style="text-align:right; background:#A3DEFF;" | '''40'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 39
| style="text-align:right;" | 14
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| ''[[The Guardian]]''
| style="text-align:right;" | 8
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''73'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 12
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| ''[[The Independent]]''
| style="text-align:right;" | 15
| style="text-align:right; background:#FF7676;" | '''66'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 12
| style="text-align:right;" | 3
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|-
| ''[[The Times]]''
| style="text-align:right; background:#83CEFF;" | '''58'''
| style="text-align:right;" | 24
| style="text-align:right;" | 14
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
| style="text-align:right;" | 2
| style="text-align:right;" | 0
| style="text-align:right;" | 1
|}

==Open seats changing hands==

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
!colspan="2"|Party
!Candidate
!Incumbent retiring from the House
!Constituency
!Defeated by
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
! style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|{{party shortname linked|Independent politician}}
|data-sort-value="Oakley, Paul"|Paul Oakley ([[UK Independence Party|UKIP]])
|data-sort-value="Carswell, Douglas"|[[Douglas Carswell]] (elected as UKIP){{refn|group=n|name=carswell|Carswell was elected as a [[UK Independence Party|UKIP]] MP in [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015]] after defecting from the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]] in 2014. He left UKIP in 2017 to sit as an independent, and chose not to stand again.}}
|[[Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)|Clacton]]
|data-sort-value="Watling, Giles"|[[Giles Watling]]
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
|{{party shortname linked|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|-
! style="background-color: {{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|{{party shortname linked|Independent politician}}
|data-sort-value="Giugliano, Toni"|Toni Giugliano ([[Scottish National Party|SNP]])
|data-sort-value="Thomson, Michelle"|[[Michelle Thomson]] (elected as SNP){{refn|group=n|name=thomson|Thomson was elected as an [[Scottish National Party|SNP]] MP in [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015]], but resigned from the party whip and gave up her SNP membership later that year, following the announcement of a police inquiry into allegations made against her.}}
|[[Edinburgh West (UK Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh West]]
|data-sort-value="Jardine, Christine"|[[Christine Jardine]]
| style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
|{{party shortname linked|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|-
! style="background-color: {{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
|{{party shortname linked|Labour Party (UK)}}
|data-sort-value="Harvey, Tracey"|Tracey Harvey
|data-sort-value="Blenkinsop, Tom"|[[Tom Blenkinsop]]
|[[Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland (UK Parliament constituency)|Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland]]
|data-sort-value="Clarke, Simon"|[[Simon Clarke (politician)|Simon Clarke]]
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
|{{party shortname linked|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|-
! style="background-color: {{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
|{{party shortname linked|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}
|data-sort-value="McGuire, Sue"|Sue McGuire
|data-sort-value="Pugh, John"|[[John Pugh]]
|[[Southport (UK Parliament constituency)|Southport]]
|data-sort-value="Moore, Damien"|[[Damien Moore]]
| style="background-color: {{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
|{{party shortname linked|Conservative Party (UK)}}
|-
|}

=== Seats which changed allegiance===
{{main|List of MPs who lost their seat in the 2017 United Kingdom general election}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
; Conservative to Labour (28)
*[[Battersea (UK Parliament constituency)|Battersea]]
*[[Bedford (UK Parliament constituency)|Bedford]]
*[[Brighton Kemptown (UK Parliament constituency)|Brighton Kemptown]]
*[[Bristol North West (UK Parliament constituency)|Bristol North West]]
*[[Bury North (UK Parliament constituency)|Bury North]]
*[[Canterbury (UK Parliament constituency)|Canterbury]]
*[[Cardiff North (UK Parliament constituency)|Cardiff North]]
*[[Colne Valley (UK Parliament constituency)|Colne Valley]]
*[[Crewe and Nantwich (UK Parliament constituency)|Crewe and Nantwich]]
*[[Croydon Central (UK Parliament constituency)|Croydon Central]]
*[[Derby North (UK Parliament constituency)|Derby North]]
*[[Enfield Southgate (UK Parliament constituency)|Enfield Southgate]]
*[[Gower (UK Parliament constituency)|Gower]]
*[[High Peak (UK Parliament constituency)|High Peak]]
*[[Ipswich (UK Parliament constituency)|Ipswich]]
*[[Keighley (UK Parliament constituency)|Keighley]]
*[[Kensington (UK Parliament constituency)|Kensington]]
*[[Lincoln (UK Parliament constituency)|Lincoln]]
*[[Peterborough (UK Parliament constituency)|Peterborough]]
*[[Plymouth Sutton and Devonport (UK Parliament constituency)|Plymouth Sutton and Devonport]]
*[[Portsmouth South (UK Parliament constituency)|Portsmouth South]]
*[[Reading East (UK Parliament constituency)|Reading East]]
*[[Stockton South (UK Parliament constituency)|Stockton South]]
*[[Stroud (UK Parliament constituency)|Stroud]]
*[[Vale of Clwyd (UK Parliament constituency)|Vale of Clwyd]]
*[[Warrington South (UK Parliament constituency)|Warrington South]]
*[[Warwick and Leamington (UK Parliament constituency)|Warwick and Leamington]]
*[[Weaver Vale (UK Parliament constituency)|Weaver Vale]]

;SNP to Conservative (12)
*[[Aberdeen South (UK Parliament constituency)|Aberdeen South]]
*[[Aberdeenshire West and Kincardine (UK Parliament constituency)|Aberdeenshire West & Kincardine]]
*[[Angus (UK Parliament constituency)|Angus]]
*[[Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock (UK Parliament constituency)|Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock]]
*[[Banff and Buchan (UK Parliament constituency)|Banff and Buchan]]
*[[Berwickshire, Roxburgh and Selkirk (UK Parliament constituency)|Berwickshire, Roxburgh and Selkirk]]
*[[Dumfries and Galloway (UK Parliament constituency)|Dumfries and Galloway]]
*[[East Renfrewshire (UK Parliament constituency)|East Renfrewshire]]
*[[Gordon (UK Parliament constituency)|Gordon]]
*[[Moray (UK Parliament constituency)|Moray]]
*[[Ochil and South Perthshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Ochil and South Perthshire]]
*[[Stirling (UK Parliament constituency)|Stirling]]
{{col-break}}

;SNP to Labour (6)
*[[Coatbridge, Chryston and Bellshill (UK Parliament constituency)|Coatbridge, Chryston and Bellshill]]
*[[East Lothian (UK Parliament constituency)|East Lothian]]
*[[Glasgow North East (UK Parliament constituency)|Glasgow North East]]
*[[Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath (UK Parliament constituency)|Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath]]
*[[Midlothian (UK Parliament constituency)|Midlothian]]
*[[Rutherglen and Hamilton West (UK Parliament constituency)|Rutherglen and Hamilton West]]

;Labour to Conservative (6)
*[[Copeland (UK Parliament constituency)|Copeland]]{{refn|group=n|name=copelandgain|The seat had already been gained at a [[2017 Copeland by-election|by-election]] in February. Gains at a general election are normally contrasted to the previous general election, ignoring by-elections in between.}}
*[[Derbyshire North East (UK Parliament constituency)|Derbyshire North East]]
*[[Mansfield (UK Parliament constituency)|Mansfield]]
*[[Middlesbrough South and Cleveland East (UK Parliament constituency)|Middlesbrough South and Cleveland East]]
*[[Stoke-on-Trent South (UK Parliament constituency)|Stoke-on-Trent South]]
*[[Walsall North (UK Parliament constituency)|Walsall North]]

;Conservative to Liberal Democrat (5)
*[[Bath (UK Parliament constituency)|Bath]]
*[[Eastbourne (UK Parliament constituency)|Eastbourne]]
*[[Kingston and Surbiton (UK Parliament constituency)|Kingston and Surbiton]]
*[[Oxford West and Abingdon (UK Parliament constituency)|Oxford West and Abingdon]]
*[[Twickenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Twickenham]]

;SNP to Liberal Democrat (3)
*[[Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross (UK Parliament constituency)|Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross]]
*[[East Dunbartonshire (UK Parliament constituency)|East Dunbartonshire]]
*[[Edinburgh West (UK Parliament constituency)|Edinburgh West]]

;Liberal Democrat to Labour (2)
*[[Leeds North West (UK Parliament constituency)|Leeds North West]]
*[[Sheffield Hallam (UK Parliament constituency)|Sheffield Hallam]]

;SDLP to Sinn Féin (2)
*[[Foyle (UK Parliament constituency)|Foyle]]
*[[South Down (UK Parliament constituency)|South Down]]

;Other changes (6)
*[[Belfast South (UK Parliament constituency)|Belfast South]] (SDLP to Democratic Unionist)
*[[Ceredigion (UK Parliament constituency)|Ceredigion]] (Liberal Democrat to Plaid Cymru)
*[[Clacton (UK Parliament constituency)|Clacton]] (UKIP to Conservative)
*[[Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)|Fermanagh and South Tyrone]] (Ulster Unionist to Sinn Féin)
*[[South Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)|South Antrim]] (Ulster Unionist to Democratic Unionist)
*[[Southport (UK Parliament constituency)|Southport]] (Liberal Democrat to Conservative)
<!-- comparison is with last election: do NOT add Richmond Park (Conservative in 2015, Liberal Democrat in 2016 by-election, Conservative in 2017) -->
{{col-end}}

==Aftermath==
===Government formation===
{{Further|Second May ministry|Conservative–DUP agreement}}
[[File:Theresa_May_2017_election_speech_outside_10_Downing_Street.jpg|thumb|Theresa May declares her intention to remain in office following the election result outside 10 Downing Street, 9 June 2017]]
Corbyn and Farron called on May to resign.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Batchelor |first1=Tom |title=Theresa May should resign following disastrous Tory election, says Tim Farron |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/theresa-may-resign-tim-farron-disastrous-tory-election-liberal-democrats-latest-a7781581.html |access-date=9 June 2017 |work=The Independent |date=9 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="Hughes">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/09/election-results-2017-theresa-may-clings-power-needs-support/ |title=Election results 2017: Theresa May says sorry to defeated Tory candidates as she eyes deal with DUP |date=9 June 2017 |work=The Telegraph |last1=Hughes |first1=Laura |access-date=9 June 2017}}</ref> On 9 June, May apologised to candidates who lost their seats and confirmed she would continue as party leader and prime minister, with the intention of forming [[Second May ministry|a minority government]] with [[Con–DUP pact|support]] from the [[Democratic Unionist Party]] to ensure "certainty".<ref name="Hughes" /> May's joint chiefs of staff [[Nick Timothy]] and [[Fiona McLeod Hill|Fiona Hill]] resigned, replaced by [[Gavin Barwell]], who had lost his seat in the election.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-40231107 |title=Nick Timothy and Fiona Hill quit No 10 after election criticism |date=10 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=11 June 2017}}</ref>

On 10 June, a survey of 1,500 [[Conservative Home|ConservativeHome]] readers found that almost two-thirds of Conservative Party members wanted Theresa May to resign.<ref name="telegraph">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/10/almost-two-thirds-conservative-party-members-want-theresa-may/ |title=Almost two-thirds of Conservative Party members want Theresa May to resign as Prime Minister |author=Jack Maidment |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=10 June 2017}}</ref> A YouGov poll of 1,720 adults for ''The Sunday Times'' had 48% saying Theresa May should resign, with 38% against.<ref name="home.bt.com">{{cite web |url=http://home.bt.com/news/uk-news/48-think-theresa-may-should-step-down-as-prime-minister-poll-shows-11364187027615 |title=48% think Theresa May should step down as Prime Minister, poll shows |website=home.bt.com |date=11 June 2017}}</ref> A Survation poll of 1,036 adults online for ''The Mail on Sunday'' showed 49% of people wanting her resignation, with 38% against.<ref name="home.bt.com" /> On 11 June [[George Osborne]], former [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]], described May as a "dead woman walking".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40237819 |title=General election 2017: Theresa May is 'best placed person' for Brexit |date=11 June 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>

In a post-election reshuffle carried out on 11 June, May promoted her close ally [[Damian Green]] to become [[First Secretary of State]] and brought [[Michael Gove]] into the cabinet as [[Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs|Environment Secretary]], making [[Andrea Leadsom]] [[Leader of the House of Commons]]. [[Elizabeth Truss|Liz Truss]], [[David Lidington]] and [[David Gauke]] changed roles, while eleven cabinet members including key figures such as [[Boris Johnson]], [[Amber Rudd]], [[Michael Fallon]], [[Philip Hammond]] and [[David Davis (British politician)|David Davis]] remained in post.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40241229 |title=Cabinet reshuffle: Theresa May praises Tory 'talent' |date=11 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=11 June 2017}}</ref>

Negotiations between the Conservatives and the DUP began on 9 June. On 12 June, it was reported that the [[State Opening of Parliament]], scheduled for 19 June, could be delayed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40243782 |title=Queen's Speech faces delay as DUP talks continue |date=12 June 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> DUP sources informed the BBC that the [[Grenfell Tower fire]] on 14 June would delay finalisation of an agreement.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40267771 |title=Theresa May and DUP deal could be delayed until next week |date=14 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=14 June 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614095816/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40267771 |archive-date=14 June 2017 }}</ref> On 15 June, it was announced that the [[Speech from the throne|Queen's Speech]] would occur on 21 June.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/06/15/theresa-may-meet-sinn-fein-amid-fears-dup-deal-could-undermine/ |title=Gerry Adams jokes he means 'no harm' to the Queen as he warns Theresa May a deal with the DUP would 'breach the Good Friday Agreement' |last=Hughes | first=Laura |date=15 June 2017 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> A [[confidence and supply]] deal was reached on 26 June, with the DUP backing the Conservatives in key votes in the House of Commons over the course of the parliament. The agreement included additional funding of £1&nbsp;billion for Northern Ireland, highlighted mutual support for Brexit and national security, expressed commitment to the [[Good Friday Agreement]], and indicated that policies such as the state pension triple lock and [[Winter Fuel Payment]]s would be maintained.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40403434 |title=Conservatives agree pact with DUP to support May government |date=26 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=26 June 2017}}</ref> Various commentators suggested this raises problems for the UK government's role as a neutral arbiter in Northern Ireland, as is required under the Good Friday Agreement.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://leftfootforward.org/2017/06/how-will-the-northern-irish-power-sharing-be-affected-by-the-tory-dup-friendship/ |title=How will the Northern Irish power-sharing be affected by the Tory-DUP 'friendship'? |work=Left Foot Forward |date=9 June 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.apcoworldwide.com/blog/detail/apcoforum/2017/06/09/the-deciding-votes-from-ulster|title=The Deciding Votes from Ulster|publisher=APCO Worldwide|access-date=20 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620124849/https://www.apcoworldwide.com/blog/detail/apcoforum/2017/06/09/the-deciding-votes-from-ulster|archive-date=20 June 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>''The Andrew Marr Show'', BBC One, 11 June 2017</ref>

In April 2020, [[Sky News]]'s Tom Rayner and ''[[The Independent]]''{{'}}s Jon Stone reported on an 860-page dossier into the handing of allegations of antisemitism by Labour members and officials.<ref>{{cite news|last=Rayner|first=Tom|url=https://news.sky.com/story/labour-antisemitism-investigation-will-not-be-sent-to-equality-commission-11972071|title=Labour antisemitism investigation will not be sent to equality commission|work=Sky News|date=12 April 2020|access-date=14 April 2020}}</ref> Stone stated that the right-wing of the party weaponised claims of antisemitism—amongst other things—in an active attempt to undermine Corbyn and prevent Labour from winning the 2017 election in the hope that a poor result would trigger a leadership contest to remove Corbyn as leader.<ref>{{cite news|last=Stone|first=Jon|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-leak-report-corbyn-election-whatsapp-antisemitism-tories-yougov-poll-a9462456.html|title=Anti-Corbyn Labour officials worked to lose general election to oust leader, leaked dossier finds|work=The Independent|date=13 April 2020|access-date=14 April 2020}}</ref>

===Party leadership changes===
After achieving just 1.8% of the popular vote, down from 12.7% in 2015, and failing to win any seats, Paul Nuttall resigned as UKIP leader on 9 June.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40220074 |title=Election results 2017: Paul Nuttall quits as UKIP leader |date=9 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=11 June 2017}}</ref> A [[2017 UK Independence Party leadership election|leadership election]] followed.

[[Ian Blackford]] became the new SNP leader in Westminster on 14 June, following [[Angus Robertson]]'s defeat.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-40266166 |title=Ian Blackford MP elected SNP Westminster leader |date=14 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=14 June 2017}}</ref>

Also on 14 June, [[Brian Paddick, Baron Paddick|Brian Paddick]] resigned as home affairs spokesperson for the Liberal Democrats over concerns about Farron's "views on various issues" during the campaign.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40277398 |title=Paddick quits Lib Dem frontbench over Tim Farron's 'views' |date=14 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=14 June 2017}}</ref> Later that day Farron announced his resignation as leader of the Liberal Democrats, citing conflict between his Christian faith and serving as leader.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40281300 |title=Tim Farron quits as Lib Dem leader |date=14 June 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=14 June 2017}}</ref> He remained as leader until Sir [[Vince Cable]] was [[2017 Liberal Democrats leadership election|elected unopposed]] on 20 July.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40662737 |title=Vince Cable is new Lib Dem leader |date=20 July 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=22 July 2017}}</ref>

===Campaign post-mortems===
Figures inside and outside the Conservative Party criticised its campaign widely. Points of criticism included the initial decision to call the election (which [[Lynton Crosby]] had advised against); the control of the campaign by a small team of May's joint chiefs of staff [[Nick Timothy]] and [[Fiona McLeod Hill|Fiona Hill]], who were more experienced with policy work than campaigning; the presidential style of the campaign focusing on the figure of Theresa May, while most of the Cabinet were sidelined (particularly the exclusion of Chancellor of the Exchequer [[Philip Hammond]], with reports that May would sack him after the election);<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40318674 |title=Philip Hammond attacks Tory general election campaign |date=18 June 2017 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> and a poorly designed manifesto that offered little hope and the contents of which were not shared with Cabinet members until shortly before its release.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/revealed-how-theresa-mays-two-aides-seized-control-of-the-tory-campaign-to-calamitous-effect-a3566796.html |title=How May's aides seized control of the Tory election campaign to calamitous effect |date=16 June 2017 }}</ref> In July, Prime Minister Theresa May admitted she had "shed a tear" upon seeing the election [[exit poll]], and suggested the manifesto's lack of appeal to younger voters had played a part in Conservative shortcomings.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-40592808 |title=Theresa May 'shed a tear' at election exit poll |date=13 July 2017 |work=BBC News|access-date=13 July 2017 }}</ref>

===Allegations of Russian interference===
In 2018, an investigation by [[Swansea University]] and ''The Sunday Times'' revealed that 6,500 Russian Twitter accounts, at least many of which were [[Twitterbot|bots]], supported Labour, denigrated Conservatives, and reached millions of voters. Their intention was to swing the elections for Labour.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/exposed-russian-twitter-bots-tried-to-swing-general-election-for-jeremy-corbyn-zffv8652x |title=Exposed: Russian Twitter bots tried to swing general election for Jeremy Corbyn |date=29 April 2018 |work=The Sunday Times}}</ref> Labour's Shadow Chancellor [[John McDonnell]] dismissed the claims as "ludicrous", "farcical" and a "classic ''Sunday Times'' smear campaign" and further said: "If there's an issue here about anything with Russian influence in our society, it's about [[Russian oligarchs]] funding the Tory party – let's have an inquiry into that."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/jeremy-corbyn-russian-twitter-bots-election-sunday-times-labour-conservatives-hancock-a8328031.html |title=Researchers 'don't know' who was behind Russian Twitter bots that churned out pro-Corbyn posts, or how much difference it made |last=Dearden |first=Lizzie |date=29 May 2018 |work=The Independent |access-date=1 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.sky.com/story/russia-twitter-bots-rallied-for-labour-during-general-election-report-claims-11351784 |title=Russia Twitter bots rallied for Labour during general election, report claims |date=29 April 2018 |publisher=Sky News |access-date=1 May 2018}}</ref>

===Election turnout figures===
A January 2018 report in ''[[The Times]]'' reported that researchers at Oxford University and the University of Manchester have found that election turnout in June 2017 was actually in the high 70s and could have been as high as 80.3 per cent, partly because those with second homes and students are registered twice, and partly also because of entries there by mistake or because of voter fraud. By overestimating the number of registered voters, official sources underestimated the proportion of the electorate that voted. Turnout in the 2017 election is likely to have been roughly 78 per cent. A spokesman for the Election Commission said officials would "consider this report's findings on the calculation of election turnout figures". The commission "continues to work to improve the accuracy and completeness" of the electoral register, he added.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/general-election-turnout-far-higher-than-thought-jf3vtmwng |title=General election turnout 'far higher than thought' |date=11 January 2018 |newspaper=[[The Times]] |access-date=27 May 2018|last1=Hogarth |first1=Raphael |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

== Donations ==
Electoral commission data<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/who-we-are-and-what-we-do/financial-reporting/donations-and-loans/view-donations-and-loans/donations-accepted|title=Donations accepted|website=www.electoralcommission.org.uk|language=en|access-date=2020-04-03}}</ref> shows that in 2017 Q2, total donations for each major political party, over £7,500, are as follows:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="2" | Party
! style="vertical-align:top;" | Donations (£)
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}" |
|[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]]
| {{Party shading/Conservative (UK)}} | 25,346,680
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}" |
|[[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]
| style="text-align:center;" |9,745,745
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}" |
|[[Scottish National Party|SNP]]
| style="text-align:center;" |971,342
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}" |
|[[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]]
| style="text-align:center;" |5,058,175
|}

==See also==
* [[2017 United Kingdom general election in England]]
* [[2017 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland]]
* [[2017 United Kingdom general election in Scotland]]
* [[2017 United Kingdom general election in Wales]]
* [[Results breakdown of the 2017 United Kingdom general election]]
* [[Results of the 2017 United Kingdom general election]]
*[[2010s in United Kingdom political history]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=n}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7979/CBP-7979.pdf House of Commons Briefings: General Election 2017: Full Results and Analysis]

===Voting registration===
*[https://www.gov.uk/register-to-vote UK Government – Register to vote]
*[http://www.yourvotematters.co.uk/ Electoral Commission – Your Vote Matters]

===Party manifestos===
*[https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/conservative-party-manifestos/Forward+Together+-+Our+Plan+for+a+Stronger+Britain+and+a+More+Prosperous....pdf ''Forward, Together: Our Plan for a Stronger Britain and a More Prosperous Future'', Conservative Party]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170609002149/http://www.labour.org.uk/page/-/Images/manifesto-2017/Labour%20Manifesto%202017.pdf ''For the Many, Not the Few'', Labour Party]
*[https://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/thesnp/pages/9544/attachments/original/1496320559/Manifesto_06_01_17.pdf?1496320559 ''Stronger for Scotland'', SNP]
*[http://d3n8a8pro7vhmx.cloudfront.net/themes/5909d4366ad575794c000000/attachments/original/1495020157/Manifesto-Final.pdf?1495020157 ''Change Britain's Future'', Liberal Democrats]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170609125713/http://dev.mydup.com/images/uploads/publications/DUP_Wminster_Manifesto_2017_v5.pdf ''Standing Strong for Northern Ireland'', DUP]
*[https://www.sinnfein.ie/files/2017/2017WestminsterManifesto.pdf ''Standing Up for Equality, Rights, Irish Unity'', Sinn Féin]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170618095637/http://www2.partyof.wales/actionplan17 ''Tarian Cymru (Defending Wales): 2017 Action Plan'', Plaid Cymru]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170605201319/http://www.sdlp.ie/issues/manifesto-2017/ ''Taking Our Seats, Taking a Stand'', SDLP]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20181226232730/https://uup.org/assets/policies/uup%20GE%20manifesto.pdf ''For a Stronger, Better Union'', UUP]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170526125854/http://www.ukip.org/manifesto2017 ''Britain Together'', UKIP]
*[https://www.greenparty.org.uk/assets/files/gp2017/greenguaranteepdf.pdf ''The Green Party for a Confident and Caring Britain'', Green Party]

===News sites===
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics BBC News – Politics]

{{2017 United Kingdom general election}}
{{United Kingdom elections}}
{{2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum}}

[[:Category:2017 United Kingdom general election| ]]
[[:Category:2017 elections in the United Kingdom]]
[[:Category:General elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom|2017]]
[[:Category:June 2017 events in the United Kingdom]]