View source for Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/B4

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== 1501 to 1600 ==
==== 1501 &ndash; 1520 ==== 
#[[Broker]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1501 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Broker}}) One who acts as middleman between seller and buyer, or makes it his business to bring buyer and seller together; also one...
#[[Jew Brokers]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1502 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Jew+Brokers}}) A term used to indicate the Jewish merchants who had the right of trading at the Royal Exchange, London. The word "brokers"...
#[[Bromberg]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1503 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bromberg}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/P#461_.E2.80.93_480|P467]]: Posen
#[[Brooch]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1504 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brooch}}) A term which occurs in I. Mace. x. 89, xi. 58, xiv. 44, as the translation of the Greek &#960;&#8057;&#961;&#960;&#951;; Latin...
#[[Brooklyn]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1505 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brooklyn}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/N#241_.E2.80.93_260|N248]]: New York
#[[Brother]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1506 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brother}}) Son of the same father and mother (or of either), but principally son of the same father and mother (see Gen. xlii. 3, 4,...
#[[Brotherhoods]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1507 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brotherhoods}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/F#341_.E2.80.93_360|F355]]: Fraternities
#[[Brother-in-law]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1508 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brother-in-law}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/L#281_.E2.80.93_300|L293]]: Levirate
#[[Brotherly Love]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1509 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brotherly+Love}}) the love for one&#39;s fellow-man as a brother. The expression is taken from the Greek word &#934;&#953;&#955;&#945;&#948...
#[[Richard Brothers]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1510 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Richard+Brothers}}) English visionary and founder of Anglo Israelism; born Dec. 25, 1757, at Placentia, Newfoundland; died at London Jan. 25,...
#[[Hugh Broughton]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1511 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Hugh+Broughton}}) English Christian divine and rabbinical scholar; born 1549 at Oldbury, Shropshire; died at Tottenham, near London, Aug. 4...
#[[Brovary]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1512 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brovary}}) Small town in the government of Chernigov, Russia. In 1898 it had 1,344 Jewish inhabitants in a population of 5,166. Most...
#[[Saul Brown]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1513 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Saul+Brown}}) -- ''See'' ''under'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/N#241_.E2.80.93_260|N248]]: New York
#[[William Brown (clergyman)|William Brown]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1514 JE] | {{ShortSearch|William+Brown}}) Scottish clergyman; born 1766; died 1835; for forty-three years minister of Eskdalemuir, Scotland. He is the author of "Antiquities...
#[[Robert Browning]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1515 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Robert+Browning}}) English poet; born in Clerkenwell, London, 1812; died at Venice Dec. 12, 1889. From his somewhat Jewish appearance, knowledge...
#[[Isaac Broyd&#233;]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1516 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Isaac+Broyd&#233;}}) Russian Orientalist; born at Porozowo, government of Grodno, Russia, Feb. 23, 1867. After attending the gymnasium at Grodnohe...
#[[Bruchsal]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1517 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bruchsal}}) City in the grand duchy of Baden. Jews resided here as early as the beginning of the twelfth century. In 1337 the Jews of...
#[[Abraham Jacob Bruck]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1518 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Abraham+Jacob+Bruck}}) Russian educator; author of works in Hebrew and in Russian; born in the district of Rossienny 1820; died in Yekaterinoslav...
#[[Jacob Bruck]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1519 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Jacob+Bruck}}) Hungarian physician and author; born at P&#225;pa Oct. 20, 1845; died at Budapest 1901; brother of Lajos Bruck. He studied...
#[[Julius Bruck]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1520 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Julius+Bruck}}) German dentist and writer on dentistry; born at Breslau Oct. 6, 1840; died there, April 20, 1902. He studied dentistry and...

==== 1521 &ndash; 1540 ==== 
#[[Lajos Bruck]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1521 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Lajos+Bruck}}) Hungarian painter; born at P&#225;pa, county of Veszprim, Nov., 1846. Though his father intended him for commercial life,...
#[[Max Bruck|Max (Miksa) Bruck]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1522 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Max+Bruck}}) Hungarian painter; born at Budapest 1863; a brother of Lajos Bruck. He graduated from the schools of his native city, and...
#{{ill|Moses Bruck|de|Moses Brück|hu|Brück Mózes}} ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1523 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Moses+Bruck}}) Hungarian theological writer; born about 1812 in Prerau, Moravia; died in 1849. He studied at Prague, and, as he could find...
#[[Solomon b. Hayyim Br&#252;ck]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1524 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Solomon+b.+Hayyim+Br&#252;ck}}) Austrian Hebraist; born in the latter part of the eighteenth century; died about 1846. He is the author of "&#7716;a&#7731...
#[[Henrietta Bruckman]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1525 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Henrietta+Bruckman}}) Founder of the first Jewish women&#39;s lodge in America; born in Bohemia April, 1810; died in New York city April, 1888....
#[[Lucien Levy Bruhl]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1526 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Lucien+Levy+Bruhl}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/B4#1521_.E2.80.93_1540|B1526]]: Levy-Bruhl
#[[L S Bruhl]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1527 JE] | {{ShortSearch|L+S+Bruhl}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/B4#1521_.E2.80.93_1540|B1526]]: Levy-Bruhl
#{{ill|Adolf Br&#252;ll|de|Adolf Brüll|he|אלחנן בריל}} ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1528 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Adolf+Br&#252;ll}}) German writer and theologian; born in Kojetein, Moravia, April 27, 1846; son of Rabbi Jakob Br&#252;ll. He was educated at...
#[[Ignaz Br&#252;ll]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1529 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Ignaz+Br&#252;ll}}) Austrian composer; born at Prossnitz, Moravia, Nov. 7, 1846. In 1848 his parents removed to Vienna, where he became a pupil...
#{{ill|Jakob Br&#252;ll|de|Jakob Brüll|he|יעקב בריל}} ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1530 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Jakob+Br&#252;ll}}) Austrian Talmudist and author; born at Neu-Raussnitz, Moravia, Nov. 16, 1812; died at Kojetein Nov. 29, 1889. He attended...
#[[Nehemiah Br&#252;ll]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1531 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Nehemiah+Br&#252;ll}}) Rabbi and scholar of varied attainments; born March 16, 1843, at Neu-Raussnitz, Moravia; died Feb. 5, 1891, at Frankfort-on-the-Main...
#[[Israel Bruna]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1532 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Israel+Bruna}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/I#281_.E2.80.93_300|I299]]: Isreal Bruna ben &#7716;ayyim
#{{ill|Angelo Brunetti|it}} ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1533 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Angelo+Brunetti}}) Popular Roman leader, and advocate of the emancipation of the Jews; born in Rome 1800; died there Aug. 10, 1849. Inspired...
#[[Br&#252;nn]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1534 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Br&#252;nn}}) Capital of Moravia. It possessed a Jewish community as early as the twelfth century. At the instigation of Capistrano, the...
#[[Arnold William Brunner]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1535 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Arnold+William+Brunner}}) American architect; the son of William Brunner and Isabelle Solomon; was born in New York city Sept. 25, 1857. He was educated...
#[[Sebastian Brunner]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1536 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Sebastian+Brunner}}) Austrian Catholic theologian, editor, and anti-Jewish writer; born Dec. 10, 1814, in Vienna; died in W&#228;hring, near Vienna...
#[[L&#233;on L&#233;vy Brunswich]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1537 JE] | {{ShortSearch|L&#233;on+L&#233;vy+Brunswich}}) French dramatist; born at Paris April 20, 1805; died at Havre April 29, 1859. Favoritecollaborator of Ad. de Leuven, he wrote...
#[[Brunswick]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1538 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brunswick}}) Duchy of Germany, the capital of which has the same name. The first settlement of Jews in the duchy was at Blankenburg; for...
#[[Bursa|Brusa]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1539 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brusa}}) City of Anatolia, 54 miles from Constantinople and 21 miles from the port of Moudania. According to some chroniclers, the...
#[[Brusilov]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1540 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brusilov}}) Town in the government of Kiev, Russia, with a Jewish population (1898) of 2,800, in a total of 6,500. Of the 541 Jewish artisans...
==== 1541 &ndash; 1560 ==== 
#[[Brussels]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1541 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brussels}}) Capital of Belgium. There are no records as to the date when Jews first settled in Brussels; but as many of them were scattered...
#[[Brutish]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1542 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Brutish}}) A term applied by the Biblical writers to men whose disposition or spirit was like that of beasts. It is used in close conjunction...
#[[Judah Loeb ben David Brutzkus]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1543 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Judah+Loeb+ben+David+Brutzkus}}) Russian writer; born 1870 at Polangen, in the government of Courland; studied at the gymnasium and University of Moscow, from...
#[[Br&#252;x]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1544 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Br&#252;x}}) Town of Bohemia, 14 miles north of Saaz. Documents prove that, as early as the fourteenth century, Jews were living at Br&#252...
#[[Bryansk]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1545 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bryansk}}) Town in the government of Grodno, Russia, with a Jewish population (1898) of 2,365, in a total population of 6,342. Of the...
#[[Solomon Buber]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1546 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Solomon+Buber}}) Galician scholar and editor of Hebrew works; born at Lemberg Feb. 2, 1827. His father, Isaiah Abraham Buber, was versed in...
#{{ill|Charles Adolphus Buchheim|WD=Q16944029}} ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1547 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Charles+Adolphus+Buchheim}}) Professor of the German language and German literature at King&#39;s College, London; born in Moravia1828; died at London...
#[[Bucharest]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1548 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bucharest}}) Ancient capital of Wallachia, and the present capital of Rumania. The oldest Jewish tombstone is dated 1682; but Jews settled...
#[[Bernhard Buchbinder]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1549 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bernhard+Buchbinder}}) Austrian journalist; born July 6, 1854, in Budapest, where he received his education, being destined for a mercantile career...
#[[Carl August Buchholz]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1550 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Carl+August+Buchholz}}) German Christian lawyer and author; born in the latter half of the eighteenth century; died at L&#252;beck Nov. 15, 1843....
#[[Peter Buchholz (rabbi)|P. Buchholz]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1551 JE] | {{ShortSearch|P+Buchholz}}) German rabbi; born Oct. 2, 1837; died in Emden, Hanover, Sept. 20, 1892. He became rabbi of M&#228;rkisch-Friedland in 1863...
#[[Adolf B&#252;chler]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1552 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Adolf+B&#252;chler}}) Austrian historian and theologian; born Oct. 18, 1867, at Priekopa, Hungary. In 1887 he began his theological studies at the...
#[[Alexander B&#252;chler]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1553 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Alexander+B&#252;chler}}) Born in F&#252;lek, Hungary, in 1869; son of the Talmudist rabbi Phineas B&#252;chler of Mo&#243;r. He was educated at the...
#[[Wolf b. David Hakohen Buchner]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1554 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Wolf+b.+David+Hakohen+Buchner}}) Hebrew stylist; born at Brody in the latter half of the eighteenth century and lived into the nineteenth. In his boyhood Buchner...
#[[Buchsbaum]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1555 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buchsbaum}}) Family of Jewish physicians of Frankfort-on-the-Main, whose activity extended over a century. Its prominent members were:...
#[[Buckler]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1556 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buckler}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/S2#621_.E2.80.93_640|S625]]: Shield
#[[Abraham Cohen Bucuresteanu]] ([[Bucureshteanu]]) ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1557 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Abraham+Cohen+Bucuresteanu}}) Rumanian publicist; born at Bucharest 1840; died there Jan. 24, 1877. From his earliest youth he was passionately fond of...
#[[Abraham David b. Asher Anshel Buczacz]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1558 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Abraham+David+b.+Asher+Anshel+Buczacz}}) Galician Talmudist; born 1770 at Nadworna; died 1840 at Buczacz. Even as a boy he attracted, by his acuteness in Talmudic...
#[[Buda]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1559 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buda}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/B4#1561_.E2.80.93_1580|B1561]]: Budapest
#[[Purim of Buda]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1560 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Purim+of+Buda}}) in 1684 the Christian armies laid siege to Buda (Ofen) to drive out the Turks, who had held possession of the city from 1541...

==== 1561 &ndash; 1580 ==== 
#[[Budapest]] '''>>''' [[Dohány Street Synagogue]] '''JE''', [[Rumbach Street synagogue]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1561 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Budapest}}) the capital of Hungary. Of the several congregations within this tripartite city, Buda (Ofen), &#211;-Buda (Alt-Ofen), and...
#[[Budek]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1562 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Budek}}) Polish Catholic priest; canon of Wislica at the beginning of the fifteenth century, and one of the most vigorous Jew-baiters...
#[[Max B&#252;dinger]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1563 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Max+B&#252;dinger}}) Austrian historian; born April 1, 1828, at Cassel, Germany; died at Vienna Feb. 23, 1902; son of Moses Mordecai B&#252;dinger...
#[[Moses Israel ben Isaac B&#252;dinger]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1564 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Moses+Israel+ben+Isaac+B&#252;dinger}}) Teacher at Metz at the end of the eighteenth century and the beginning of the nineteenth. He devoted himself to Hebrew grammar...
#[[Moses Mordecai B&#252;dinger]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1565 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Moses+Mordecai+B&#252;dinger}}) German educator; born at Maidorf, a village in Hessen, Jan., 1783; died at Cassel Jan. 31, 1841. At the age of twenty he became...
#[[Simon Budny]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1566 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Simon+Budny}}) Calvinist priest of Lithuania in the sixteenth century; founder of the Polish sect of the Budnians, who were surnamed "Half-Jews"...
#[[Budushchnost]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1567 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Budushchnost}}) Russo-Jewish weekly, established (1900) and edited by S. O. Gruzenberg. Like the "Voskhod," it gives valuableinformation concerning...
#[[Budweis]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1568 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Budweis}}) City of Bohemia. Jews were settled there in the first half of the fourteenth century, possibly earlier. In 1337 the community...
#[[La Buena Esp&#233;ranza]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1569 JE] | {{ShortSearch|La+Buena+Esp&#233;ranza}}) Title of a Jewish weekly, published in Jud&#230;o-Spanish and in rabbinic characters at Smyrna since 1874. It first appeared...
#[[Bueno]] ([[Bonus]]) ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1570 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bueno}}) Family of Spanish origin, members of which, including many physicians and scholars, have settled in southern France, Italy...
#[[Buenos Ayres]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1571 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buenos+Ayres}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/S2#981_.E2.80.93_1000|S990]]: South America
#[[Water buffalo|Buffalo]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1572 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buffalo}}) A name common to different species of Bovid&#339;. The best known is the Bubalus buffelus, or Bos bubalus, generally called...
#[[Buffalo, New York]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1573 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buffalo}}) the second city in New York state. Its first connection with the history of the Jews occurred in 1825, when Mordecai M. Noah...
#[[Buk]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1574 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buk}}) Town in Prussia, province of Posen, which, after the second partition of Poland, in 1793, passed under Prussian rule. Jews...
#[[Bukki]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1575 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bukki}}) 1. Son of Jogli, prince of the tribe of Dan, who represented his tribe in the division of the land (Num. xxxiv. 22). 2. Son...
#[[Bukowina]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1576 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bukowina}}) An eastern province of the Austro-Hungarian Empire for the history of which see Czernowitz.            					  						  							...
#[[Bul]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1577 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bul}}) the name of the month in which the building of Solomon&#39;s Temple was completed, as mentioned in I Kings vi. 38. It would...
#[[Raphael Moses ben Joseph de Bulah]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1578 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Raphael+Moses+ben+Joseph+de+Bulah}}) Palestinian Talmudist and rabbi; died at Jerusalem March 23, 1773, where he had been rabbi, and had conducted a Talmudic school...
#[[Solomon ben Raphael Moses de Bulah]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1579 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Solomon+ben+Raphael+Moses+de+Bulah}}) Turkish Talmudist; born at Jerusalem, where his father, Raphael Moses ben Joseph de Bulah, was rabbi; died 1786 at Salonica...
#[[Bulan]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1580 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bulan}}) King of the Chazars, who in 620 embraced Judaism. Joseph, "Chaghan" (king) of the Chazars, in answer to a letter from &#7716...
==== 1581 &ndash; 1600 ==== 
#[[Abraham ibn Bulat]] ([[V03p425001jpg]]) ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1581 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Abraham+ibn+Bulat}}) Talmudic scholar; lived in Spain in the fifteenth century. He was the disciple of Isaac de Leon, and in a vigorous dispute...
#[[Judah ben Joseph ibn Bulat]] ([[V03p425002jpg]]) '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1582 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Judah+ben+Joseph+ibn+Bulat}}) Spanish Talmudist and rabbi; born at the end of the fifteenth century at Estella, Navarre; died probably at Constantinople...
#[[Bulgaria]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1583 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bulgaria}}) Principality of southeastern Europe, under the suzerainty of Turkey. According to Josephus ("Ant." xxii.) and Belloguet ("Les...
#[[Bull]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1584 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bull}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/O#181_.E2.80.93_200|O193]]: Ox
#[[Bull Worship Among Ancient Hebrews]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1585 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bull+Worship+Among+Ancient+Hebrews}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/C#41_.E2.80.93_60|C45]]: Calf, Golden
#[[Bullock]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1586 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bullock}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/C#261_.E2.80.93_280|C278]]: Cattle
#[[Papal Bulls concerning Jews]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1587 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Papal+Bulls+concerning+Jews}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/P#421_.E2.80.93_440|P438]]: Popes
#[[Bulrush]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1588 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bulrush}}) A rush or reed. The term "bulrush" in the Bible occurs once as a translation for "agmon" (Isa. lviii. 5) and twice for "gome"...
#[[Bulwark]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1589 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bulwark}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/W#21_.E2.80.93_40|W37]]: War
#[[Bun]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1590 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bun}}) As a personal prenomen this name is a dialectic abridgment of "Abun" ("Abin," "Rabin"; see Jastrow, "Dictionary," 147a; compare...
#[[Edmund Bunney]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1591 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Edmund+Bunney}}) English preacher and Hebrew scholar; born at Vache, near Chalfont, St. Giles, Buckinghamshire, in 1540; died at Carwood, Yorkshire...
#[[Mladá Boleslav|Bunzlau]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1592 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bunzlau}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/J2#721_.E2.80.93_740|J728]]: Jung-Bunzlau
#[[Me&#239;r ben Ephraim Fishel Bunzlau]] ([[Bumslo]]) ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1593 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Me&#239;r+ben+Ephraim+Fishel+Bunzlau}}) Bohemian rabbi and Talmudist; born at Bunzlau (Jewish-German, "Bumslo"); died Nov. 23, 1770, at Prague, where he had been...
#[[John Rudolph, Count von Buol-Schauenstein]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1594 JE] | {{ShortSearch|John+Rudolph+Count+von+Buol-Schauenstein}}) Austrian diplomat; born Nov. 21, 1763; died Feb. 12, 1834, in Vienna. He entered the diplomatic service, and was sent as ambassador...
#[[Burden of proof (law)|Burden of Proof]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1595 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burden+of+Proof}}) in law, the obligation resting upon one or other of the parties to a suit to bring proof of a fact when the opposite party...
#[[Meno Burg]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1596 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Meno+Burg}}) German military officer; was born in Berlin Oct. 9, 1789; died there Aug. 26, 1853. His father was in very poor circumstances...
#[[Burgdorf, Switzerland|Burgdorf]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1597 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burgdorf}}) Town in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. It contained a few Jewish inhabitants in the fourteenth century. In 1347 Simon, a...
#[[Elijah Hai Vita Burgel]] ([[Burgil]]) ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1598 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Elijah+Hai+Vita+Burgel}}) Rabbi of Tunis; son of Nathan Burgel. He is the author of "Migdanot Natan," a work in two parts. The first part, printed with...
#[[Joseph Burgel]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1599 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Joseph+Burgel}}) Rabbi of Tunis; son of Elijah &#7716;ai Burgel; born in 1791; died at Tunis in 1857. He was the author of "Zar&#39;a de-Yosef...
#[[Nathan ben Abraham Burgel]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1600 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Nathan+ben+Abraham+Burgel}}) Rabbi at Tunis about 1750; pupil of Isaac Lumbroso. Considered a rabbinical authority, people from far and near brought him...
== 1601 to 1700 ==
==== 1601 &ndash; 1620 ==== 
#[[Hugo B&#252;rger]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1601 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Hugo+B&#252;rger}}) German dramatist; born in Breslau April 22, 1846; now (1902) living at Berlin. He came to Berlin at the age of twelve, and...
#[[Solomon ben David B&#252;rger]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1602 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Solomon+ben+David+B&#252;rger}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/B3#1321_.E2.80.93_1340|B1336]]: Borger, Solomon ben David
#[[Theodor B&#252;rger]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1603 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Theodor+B&#252;rger}}) Rabbi and preacher in Szegedin, Hungary, 1843-47. Two years after entering upon his office he published a book, "Der Talmud...
#[[Burglary]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1604 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burglary}}) in English and American law burglary is the offense of breaking into a dwelling-house at night, with the intent to commit...
#[[Burgos]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1605 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burgos}}) City of Old Castile, having a long-established, large, wealthy, and cultured Jewish community up to the time of the expulsion...
#[[Burgundy]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1606 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burgundy}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/F#281_.E2.80.93_300|F288]]: France
#[[Burial]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1607 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burial}}) Placing the corpse in the earth or in caves of the rock, the chief modes adhered to by the Jewish people of disposing of the...
#[[Burial Society]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1608 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burial+Society}}) Organization for providing proper burial rites. There is hardly a congregation of Jews in the world without an association...
#[[Barthold Dowe Burmania]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1609 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Barthold+Dowe+Burmania}}) Dutch statesman and ambassador to the court of Vienna; lived in the eighteenth century. He was a man of broad humanitarian...
#[[Burning Bush]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1610 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burning+Bush}}) the name commonly given to the tree from which the angel of Jehovah manifested himself to Moses in a flame of fire; the distinctive...
#[[Burning of the Dead]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1611 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burning+of+the+Dead}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/C2#861_.E2.80.93_880|C863]]: Cremation
#[[Burnt offering (Judaism)|Burnt Offering]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1612 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Burnt+Offering}}) the ordinary translation in modern versions of the Hebrew "&#39;olah" (). This term does not mean literally "burnt offering...
#[[Bury St Edmunds]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1613 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bury+St+Edmunds}}) Town of Suffolk, England, and seat of a monastery the ruins of which still exist. Under the rule of Abbot Hugh (1173-80) the...
#[[Bush]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1614 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bush}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/B4#1601_.E2.80.93_1620|B1610]]: Burning Bush
#[[Isidor Bush]] ([[Busch]]) '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1615 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Isidor+Bush}}) Litterateur, publicist, and viticulturalist; born in Prague, Bohemia, Jan. 15, 1822; died in St. Louis, Mo., Aug. 5, 1898...
#[[Lewis Bush]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1616 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Lewis+Bush}}) American soldier; born in Philadelphia; died 1777; member of the well-known Bush family, Jewish merchants of Philadelphia...
#[[Solomon Bush]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1617 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Solomon+Bush}}) American soldier; born in Philadelphia; son of Matthias Bush, one of the signers of the non-importation agreement (Oct. 25...
#[[William Bertrand Busnach]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1618 JE] | {{ShortSearch|William+Bertrand+Busnach}}) French dramatist; born in Paris March 7, 1832; nephew of the composer Fromental Hal&#233;vy. His father was associated with...
#[[Naphtali Busnash]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1619 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Naphtali+Busnash}}) Chief of the Algerian Jews and statesman; born at Algiers in the middle of the eighteenth century; assassinated June 28, 1805...
#[[Bustani]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1620 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bustani}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/B3#1361_.E2.80.93_1380|B1361]]: Bostanai
==== 1621 &ndash; 1640 ==== 
#[[Butchers]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1621 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Butchers}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/S2#581_.E2.80.93_600|S582]]: She&#7717;i&#7789;ah
#[[Matheus Butrymowicz]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1622 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Matheus+Butrymowicz}}) Polish statesman and landlord of the eighteenth century; a descendant of one of the oldest families of Lithuania and Samogitia...
#[[Butte, Montana]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1623 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Montana+Butte}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/M2#721_.E2.80.93_740|M738]]: Montana
#[[Laemmlein Buttenwieser]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1624 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Laemmlein+Buttenwieser}}) German Talmudist and linguist; born in Wassertr&#252;dingen, Bavaria, Jan. 16, 1825; died in New York city Sept. 23, 1901...
#[[Johannes Buxtorf]] ([[Buxtorff]]) '''+''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1625 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Johannes+Buxtorf}}) the principal founder of rabbinical study among Christian scholars; born Dec. 25, 1564, at Kamen, Westphalia; died Sept. 13...
#[[Johannes Buxtorf II|Johannes Buxtorf]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1626 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Johannes+Buxtorf}}) Johannes Buxtorf, the son of the elder; known as Johannes Buxtorf II.; Christian Hebraist; born at Basel Aug. 13, 1599; died...
#[[Johannes b. Buxtorf]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1627 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Johannes+b.+Buxtorf}}) Nephew of Johannes Jakob Buxtorf; born Jan. 8, 1663; died June 19, 1732. He was professor of Hebrew at Basel, and published...
#[[Johannes Jakob Buxtorf]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1628 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Johannes+Jakob+Buxtorf}}) Professor of Hebrew at Basel; son of Johannes Buxtorf II. by his fourth wife; born Sept. 4, 1645; died April 4, 1705. According...
#[[Johannes Rudolphus Buxtorf]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1629 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Johannes+Rudolphus+Buxtorf}}) Great-grandson of Johannes Buxtorf I.; born at Basel Oct. 24, 1747; died 1815. After completing his studies in his native...
#[[Buz]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1630 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buz}}) Second son of Nahor (Gen. xxii. 21). From the language of the genealogical lists, however, it is to be inferred that the name...
#[[Shalom ben Moses Buzaglo]] ([[Shalom ben Moses Buzaglio|Buzaglio]], [[Shalom ben Moses Buzagli|Buzagli]]), '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1631 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buzaglio+Buzagli}}) Cabalist; born in Morocco (where his father was "rosh yeshibah") at the beginning of the eighteenth century; died in 1780...
#[[William Buzaglo]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1632 JE] | {{ShortSearch|William+Buzaglo}}) English inventor and empiric; died at London in 1788. His first claim to distinction was his introduction of stoves made on...
#[[Buzecchi]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1633 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Buzecchi}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/B3#1361_.E2.80.93_1380|B1375]]: Bozecchi
#[[Byelaya Tzerkov]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1634 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Byelaya+Tzerkov}}) Town in the government of Kiev, Russia. Its Jewish settlement must have been formed after 1550, when the waywode of Kiev,...
#[[Sarkel|Byelaya Vezh]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1635 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Byelaya+Vezh}}) -- ''See'' [[:Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/C#401_.E2.80.93_420|C402]]: Chazars
#[[Białystok|Byelostok]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1636 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Byelostok}}) Town in the government of Grodno, Russia; by rail 52 miles southwest of Grodno; one of the youngest in Lithuania. Little is...
#[[Bielsk Podlaski|Byelsk]] '''+''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1637 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Byelsk}}) Town in the government of Grodno, Russia. It is impossible to name the exact date when Jews first settled here. In the sixteenth...
#[[Byeshenkovichi]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1638 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Byeshenkovichi}}) Town in the district of Lepelsk, government of Vitebsk, Russia. In 1898, in a total population of 5,000, about 4,000 were...
#[[Emil Byk]] '''JE''' ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1639 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Emil+Byk}}) Austrian lawyer and deputy; born Jan. 14, 1845, at Janow, near Trembowla, in Galicia.In 1885 Byk was chosen chairman of the...
#[[Bykhov]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1640 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Bykhov}}) District town in the government of Mohilev, Russia. At the census of 1898 the total population was 6,536, including 3,172...

==== 1641 &ndash; 1660 ==== 
#[[George Gordon, Lord Byron]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1641 JE] | {{ShortSearch|George+Gordon+Lord+Byron}}) English poet; born in Halles street, London, Jan. 22, 1788; died at Missolonghi, Greece, April 19, 1824. The only one of his...
#[[Byzantine Expire]] ([http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=B&artid=1642 JE] | {{ShortSearch|Byzantine+Expire}}) Name given to the eastern division of the Roman empire. On May 11, 330, Constantinople became the capital of the Roman empire...
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