View source for Xi Andromedae

{{Short description|K-type giant star in the constellation Andromeda}}
{{hatnote|Not to be confused with [[11 Andromedae]]. For Andromeda's satellite galaxy, see [[Andromeda XI]].}}
{{Starbox begin
 | name = Xi Andromedae
}}
{{Starbox image
 | image = 
     <div style="position: relative">[[File:Andromeda IAU.svg|250px|alt=Diagram showing star positions and boundaries of the Andromeda constellation and its surroundings]]
     <div style="position: absolute; left: 39.4%; top: 30.0%;">[[File:Cercle rouge 100%.svg|12px]]</div>
     </div>
 | caption=Location of ξ Andromedae (circled)
}}
{{Starbox observe
 | epoch = J2000
 | constell = [[Andromeda (constellation)|Andromeda]]
 | ra = {{RA|01|22|20.42008}}<ref name="Gaia EDR3"/>
 | dec = {{DEC|+45|31|43.5962}}<ref name="Gaia EDR3"/>
 | appmag_v = +4.90<ref name=clpl4/>
}}
{{Starbox character
 | class = K0&nbsp;IIIb<ref name=mnras389_2_869/>
 | b-v = +1.08<ref name=clpl4/>
 | u-b = +0.98<ref name=clpl4/>
 | variable =
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
 | radial_v = –12.59<ref name=aaa430_165/>
 | prop_mo_ra = {{val|31.681|(102)}}<ref name="Gaia EDR3"/> 
 | prop_mo_dec = {{val|9.024|(88)}}<ref name="Gaia EDR3"/>
 | parallax = 14.6042 
 | p_error = 0.1028
 | parallax_footnote = <ref name="Gaia EDR3"/>
 | absmag_v = 0.550<ref name=aaa456_3_1109/>
}}
{{Starbox detail
 | mass = 2.5<ref name=aaa456_3_1109/>
 | radius = 10<ref name=aj135_1_209/>
 | luminosity = 45.7<ref name=aj135_1_209/>
 | temperature = 4,656<ref name=aj135_1_209/>
 | metal_fe = +0.03<ref name=aj135_1_209/>
 | gravity = 2.8<ref name=aj135_1_209/>
 | rotational_velocity = 0.0<ref name=aj135_1_209/>
 | age_myr =
}}
{{Starbox catalog
 | names = Adhil, 46&nbsp;Andromedae, [[Bonner Durchmusterung|BD]]+44&nbsp;287, [[FK5]]&nbsp;1035, [[Henry Draper Catalogue|HD]]&nbsp;8207, [[Hipparcos catalogue|HIP]]&nbsp;6411, [[Bright Star Catalogue|HR]]&nbsp;390, [[Star catalogue#SAO|SAO]]&nbsp;37155, [[PPM Star Catalogue|PPM]]&nbsp;43919
}}
{{Starbox reference
| Simbad = ksi+And
}}
{{Starbox end}}
'''Xi Andromedae''' ('''ξ Andromedae''', abbreviated '''Xi And''', '''ξ And'''), officially named '''[[Adhil]]''' {{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|d|ɪ|l}},<ref name=Kunitzsch>{{cite book
  |last1=Kunitzsch |first1=Paul
  |last2=Smart |first2=Tim
  |date = 2006  |edition = 2nd rev.
  |title = A Dictionary of Modern star Names: A Short Guide to 254 Star Names and Their Derivations
  |publisher = Sky Pub |location = Cambridge, Massachusetts
  |isbn = 978-1-931559-44-7
}}</ref><ref name="IAU-LSN">{{cite web | url=https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming_stars/ | title=Naming Stars |publisher=IAU.org |access-date=18 June 2018}}</ref> is a solitary<ref name=mnras389_2_869/> [[star]] in the northern [[constellation]] of [[Andromeda (constellation)|Andromeda]]. It has an [[apparent magnitude]] of +4.9.<ref name=clpl4/> Based on [[stellar parallax|parallax]] measurements obtained during the [[Gaia (spacecraft)|Gaia]] mission, it lies at a distance of roughly {{Convert|223|ly|pc|abbr=off|lk=on}} from the [[Sun]].<ref name="Gaia EDR3"/>

==Nomenclature==
''ξ Andromedae'' ([[Latinisation of names|Latinised]] to ''Xi Andromedae'') is the star's [[Bayer designation]]. It also bears the [[Flamsteed designation]] ''46 Andromedae''. [[Johann Bayer]] labeled this star "ξ" in his ''[[Uranometria]]''. The star appeared in [[John Flamsteed]]'s ''[[Atlas Coelestis]]'', but was unlabeled. It was later designated as ''46 And'' by [[Jérôme Lalande]]. The label "ξ" was used in ''Atlas Coelestis'', apparently erroneously, for what Bayer had labeled "A" (Bayer's ''A Andromedae'' has the Flamsteed designation ''[[49 Andromedae]]'').{{citation needed|date=June 2012}}

It bore the traditional name ''Adhil'', which is derived from the Arabic الذيل ''að-ðayl'' "the [[train (clothing)|train]]" (lit. "the tail"). In 2016, the [[International Astronomical Union]] organized a [[IAU Working Group on Star Names|Working Group on Star Names]] (WGSN)<ref name="WGSN">{{citation
 | url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/
 | title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)
 | publisher=[[International Astronomical Union]]
 | access-date=22 May 2016 | postscript=. }}</ref> to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name ''Adhil'' for this star on 21 August 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.<ref name="IAU-LSN"/>

==Properties==
This star is a [[red clump]] [[giant star]] that has begun generating energy through the fusion of helium at its core, having passed through the [[red giant branch]] of its [[stellar evolution|evolution]].<ref name=aaa456_3_1109/> It has a [[stellar classification]] of K0&nbsp;IIIb,<ref name=mnras389_2_869/> with 2.5<ref name=aaa456_3_1109/> times the mass of the Sun and 10<ref name=aj135_1_209/> times the Sun's radius. Xi Andromedae is emitting nearly 46<ref name=aj135_1_209/> times as much luminosity as the Sun from its [[stellar atmosphere|outer envelope]] at an [[effective temperature]] of 4,656&nbsp;K,<ref name=aj135_1_209/> giving it the orange-hued glow of a [[K-type star]]. It has no measurable [[projected rotational velocity]],<ref name=aj135_1_209/> although this may simply mean that the star's pole of rotation is facing in the general direction of the Earth.

==References==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name="Gaia EDR3">{{Cite Gaia EDR3|398030875774246656}}</ref>

<ref name=aj135_1_209>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Massarotti | first1=Alessandro | last2=Latham | first2=David W. | last3=Stefanik | first3=Robert P. | last4=Fogel | first4=Jeffrey | title=Rotational and Radial Velocities for a Sample of 761 HIPPARCOS Giants and the Role of Binarity | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=135 | issue=1 | pages=209–231 | date=January 2008 | doi=10.1088/0004-6256/135/1/209 | bibcode=2008AJ....135..209M | postscript=. | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=aaa430_165>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Famaey | first1=B. | last2=Jorissen | first2=A. | last3=Luri | first3=X. | last4=Mayor | first4=M. | last5=Udry | first5=S. | last6=Dejonghe | first6=H. | last7=Turon | first7=C. | title=Local kinematics of K and M giants from CORAVEL/Hipparcos/Tycho-2 data. Revisiting the concept of superclusters | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=430 | issue=1 | pages=165–186 | date=January 2005 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20041272 | bibcode=2005A&A...430..165F |arxiv = astro-ph/0409579 | s2cid=17804304 | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=clpl4>{{cite journal | display-authors=1 | last1=Johnson | first1=H. L. | last2=Iriarte | first2=B. | last3=Mitchell | first3=R. I. | last4=Wisniewskj | first4=W. Z. | title=UBVRIJKL photometry of the bright stars | journal=Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory | volume=4 | issue=99 | year=1966 | page=99 | bibcode=1966CoLPL...4...99J }}</ref>

<ref name=mnras389_2_869>{{cite journal | last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A. | title=A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems | journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] | volume=389 | issue=2 | pages=869–879 | date=September 2008 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | doi-access=free | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E |arxiv = 0806.2878 | s2cid=14878976 }} Note that the 1991 [[Bright Star Catalogue]] has listed this as a [[spectroscopic binary]] with a period of 17.7673d.</ref>

<ref name=aaa456_3_1109>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Mishenina | first1=T. V. | last2=Bienaymé | first2=O. | last3=Gorbaneva | first3=T. I. | last4=Charbonnel | first4=C. | last5=Soubiran | first5=C. | last6=Korotin | first6=S. A. | last7=Kovtyukh | first7=V. V. | title=Elemental abundances in the atmosphere of clump giants | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=456 | issue=3 | pages=1109–1120 | date=September 2006 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20065141 | bibcode=2006A&A...456.1109M |arxiv = astro-ph/0605615 | s2cid=18764566 }}</ref>

}}

==External links==
* [http://aladin.u-strasbg.fr/AladinPreview?-c=01+22+20.4198%2B45+31+43.600&ident=*+ksi+And&submit=Aladin+previewer Image Xi Andromedae]
* {{cite simbad|title=xi And}}

{{Stars of Andromeda}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Xi Andromedae}}
[[Category:K-type giants]]
[[Category:Horizontal-branch stars]]
[[Category:Andromeda (constellation)]]
[[Category:Bayer objects|Andromedae, Xi]]
[[Category:Durchmusterung objects|BD+44 0287]]
[[Category:Flamsteed objects|Andromedae, 46]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|008207]]
[[Category:Hipparcos objects|006411]]
[[Category:Bright Star Catalogue objects|0390]]
[[Category:Stars with proper names|Adhil]]