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Restriction enzyme: Revision history

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  • curprev 07:2607:26, 17 March 2023 1AmNobody24 talk contribs m 55,996 bytes −23,420 Rollback edit(s) by 2402:3A80:19F8:4D34:0:0:0:2 (talk): Likely copyright violation (RW 16.1) undo Tag: Rollback
  • curprev 07:2107:21, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 79,416 bytes +733 →External links: External links Edit DNA Restriction Enzymes at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Firman K (2007-11-24). "Type I Restriction-Modification". University of Portsmouth. Archived from the original on 2008-07-06. Retrieved 2008-06-06. Goodsell DS (2000-08-01). "Restriction Enzymes". Molecule of the Month. RCSB Protein Data Bank. Archived from the original on 2008-05-31. Retrieved 2008-06-06. Simmer M, Secko D (2003-08-01). "Restriction Endonucl... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:2007:20, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 78,683 bytes +258 →See also: BglII – a restriction enzyme EcoRI – a restriction enzyme HindIII – a restriction enzyme Homing endonuclease List of homing endonuclease cutting sites List of restriction enzyme cutting sites Molecular-weight size marker REBASE (database) Star activity undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1907:19, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 78,425 bytes +862 →References: PMC 2483505. PMID 18396111. Roberts RJ (January 1980). "Restriction and modification enzymes and their recognition sequences". Nucleic Acids Research. 8 (1): r63–r80. doi:10.1093/nar/8.1.197-d. PMC 327257. PMID 6243774. Roberts RJ (1988). "Restriction enzymes and their isoschizomers". Nucleic Acids Research. 16 Suppl (Suppl): r271-313. doi:10.1093/nar/16.suppl.r271. PMC 340913. PMID 2835753. Krieger M, Scott MP, Matsudaira PT, Lodish HF, Darnell JE, Zipursky L, Kaiser C, Be... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1807:18, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 77,563 bytes +660 →Examples: es achromogenes 5'GAGCTC 3'CTCGAG 5'---GAGCT C---3' 3'---C TCGAG---5' SalI[78] Streptomyces albus 5'GTCGAC 3'CAGCTG 5'---G TCGAC---3' 3'---CAGCT G---5' ScaI*[78] Streptomyces caespitosus 5'AGTACT 3'TCATGA 5'---AGT ACT---3' 3'---TCA TGA---5' SpeI Sphaerotilus natans 5'ACTAGT 3'TGATCA 5'---A CTAGT---3' 3'---TGATC A---5' SphI[78] Streptomyces phaeochromogenes 5'GCATGC 3'CGTACG 5'---GCATG C---3' 3'---C GTACG---5' StuI*[79][80] Streptomyces tubercidicus 5'AGGCCT 3'TCC... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1707:17, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 76,903 bytes +4,028 →Applications: Isolated restriction enzymes are used to manipulate DNA for different scientific applications. They are used to assist insertion of genes into plasmid vectors during gene cloning and protein production experiments. For optimal use, plasmids that are commonly used for gene cloning are modified to include a short polylinker sequence (called the multiple cloning site, or MCS) rich in restriction enzyme recognition sequences. This allows flexibility when inserting gene fragment... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1607:16, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 72,875 bytes +556 →Nomenclature: Abbreviation Meaning Description E Escherichia genus co coli specific species R RY13 strain I First identified order of identification in the bacterium Since their discovery in the 1970s, many restriction enzymes have been identified; for example, more than 3500 different Type II restriction enzymes have been characterized.[60] Each enzyme is named after the bacterium from which it was isolated, using a naming system based on bacterial genus, species and strain.[61][62] For... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1507:15, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 72,319 bytes +1,622 →Artificial restriction enzymes: Artificial restriction enzymes can be generated by fusing a natural or engineered DNA-binding domain to a nuclease domain (often the cleavage domain of the type IIS restriction enzyme FokI).[48] Such artificial restriction enzymes can target large DNA sites (up to 36 bp) and can be engineered to bind to desired DNA sequences.[49] Zinc finger nucleases are the most commonly used artificial restriction enzymes and are generally used in genetic engineering app... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1507:15, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 70,697 bytes +125 →Type IV: Type IV enzymes recognize modified, typically methylated DNA and are exemplified by the McrBC and Mrr systems of E. coli.[35] undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1407:14, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 70,572 bytes +1,649 →Type III: Type III restriction enzymes (e.g., EcoP15) recognize two separate non-palindromic sequences that are inversely oriented. They cut DNA about 20–30 base pairs after the recognition site.[43] These enzymes contain more than one subunit and require AdoMet and ATP cofactors for their roles in DNA methylation and restriction digestion, respectively.[44] They are components of prokaryotic DNA restriction-modification mechanisms that protect the organism against invading foreign DNA. T... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1407:14, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 68,923 bytes +2,953 →Type II: Type II site-specific deoxyribonuclease-like 1QPS.png Structure of the homodimeric restriction enzyme EcoRI (cyan and green cartoon diagram) bound to double stranded DNA (brown tubes).[39] Two catalytic magnesium ions (one from each monomer) are shown as magenta spheres and are adjacent to the cleaved sites in the DNA made by the enzyme (depicted as gaps in the DNA backbone). Identifiers Symbol Restrct_endonuc-II-like Pfam clan CL0236 InterPro IPR011335 SCOP2 1wte / SCOPe / SUPFA... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1307:13, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 65,970 bytes +1,326 →Type l: Type I restriction enzymes were the first to be identified and were first identified in two different strains (K-12 and B) of E. coli.[38] These enzymes cut at a site that differs, and is a random distance (at least 1000 bp) away, from their recognition site. Cleavage at these random sites follows a process of DNA translocation, which shows that these enzymes are also molecular motors. The recognition site is asymmetrical and is composed of two specific portions—one containing 3–4... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1307:13, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 64,644 bytes +1,326 No edit summary undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1207:12, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 63,318 bytes +1,576 →Types: Naturally occurring restriction endonucleases are categorized into five groups (Types I, II, III, IV, and V) based on their composition and enzyme cofactor requirements, the nature of their target sequence, and the position of their DNA cleavage site relative to the target sequence.[32][33][34] DNA sequence analysis of restriction enzymes however show great variations, indicating that there are more than four types.[35] All types of enzymes recognize specific short DNA sequences an... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1107:11, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 61,742 bytes +2,026 →Recognition site: A palindromic recognition site reads the same on the reverse strand as it does on the forward strand when both are read in the same orientation Restriction enzymes recognize a specific sequence of nucleotides[2] and produce a double-stranded cut in the DNA. The recognition sequences can also be classified by the number of bases in its recognition site, usually between 4 and 8 bases, and the number of bases in the sequence will determine how often the site will appear by... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1107:11, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 59,716 bytes +230 →Origins: Restriction enzymes likely evolved from a common ancestor and became widespread via horizontal gene transfer.[25][26] In addition, there is mounting evidence that restriction endonucleases evolved as a selfish genetic element.[27] undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1007:10, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 59,486 bytes +2,413 →History: The term restriction enzyme originated from the studies of phage λ, a virus that infects bacteria, and the phenomenon of host-controlled restriction and modification of such bacterial phage or bacteriophage.[12] The phenomenon was first identified in work done in the laboratories of Salvador Luria, Jean Weigle and Giuseppe Bertani in the early 1950s.[13][14] It was found that, for a bacteriophage λ that can grow well in one strain of Escherichia coli, for example E. coli C, when... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
  • curprev 07:1007:10, 17 March 2023 2402:3a80:19f8:4d34::2 talk 57,073 bytes +1,077 structure and whether they cut their DNA substrate at their recognition site, or if the recognition and cleavage sites are separate from one another. To cut DNA, all restriction enzymes make two incisions, once through each sugar-phosphate backbone (i.e. each strand) of the DNA double helix. These enzymes are found in bacteria and archaea and provide a defense mechanism against invading viruses.[4][5] Inside a prokaryote, the restriction enzymes selectively cut up foreign DNA in a process ca... undo Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit

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