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<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2018}}
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
|name = B.N.1<!--please avoid stating manufacturer in this field; it's stated two lines below -->
|name = B.N.1<!--please avoid stating manufacturer in this field; it's stated two lines below -->
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|caption = <!--image caption; if it isn't descriptive it should be left blank-->
|caption = <!--image caption; if it isn't descriptive it should be left blank-->
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
|type = Fighter
|type = [[Fighter plane|Fighter]]
|manufacturer = [[Nieuport & General Aircraft]]
|manufacturer = [[Nieuport & General Aircraft]]
|national origin=[[United Kingdom]]
|national origin=[[United Kingdom]]
|designer = [[Henry Folland]]
|designer = [[Henry Folland]]
|first flight = 1918
|first flight = February 1918
|retired =
|introduced = <!--date the aircraft entered or will enter military or revenue service-->
|status = abandoned prototype
|introduction= <!--date the aircraft will enter military or revenue service, if the aircraft is still in development -->
|retired = <!--date the aircraft left military or revenue service. If vague or multiples, it probably should be skipped-->
|status = Prototype<!--in most cases, this field is redundant; use it sparingly-->
|primary user = <!--please list only one, and don't use those tiny flags as they limit horizontal space-->
|more users = <!--limited to three "more users" total. please separate with <br/>-->
|produced = <!--years in production, e.g. 1970-1999, if still in active use but no longer built-->
|number built = 1
|number built = 1
|unit cost =
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|variants with their own articles = <!-- variants OF the topic type -->
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The '''Nieuport B.N.1''' was a prototype [[United Kingdom|British]] single engined Fighter aircraft of the [[World War I|First World War]]. It was a single engined [[biplane]] intended to replace the [[Sopwith Camel]], but only one was built, being destroyed in a crash. The [[Sopwith Snipe]] was built instead to replace the Camel.
The '''Nieuport B.N.1''' was a prototype [[United Kingdom|British]] single-engined fighter aircraft of the [[World War I|First World War]]. It was a single-engined [[biplane]] intended to replace the [[Sopwith Camel]], but only one was built, being destroyed in a crash. The [[Sopwith Snipe]] was built instead to replace the Camel.

==Development and design==
==Development and design==
In 1917, as a result of an official Inquiry (the [[Burbidge Report]]) into the activities of the [[Royal Aircraft Factory]], design and construction of aircraft at Farnborough ceased, and the Factory's design teams were broken up.<ref name="Bruce v1 p68">Bruce 1965, p.168.</ref> This allowed the [[Nieuport & General Aircraft]] Co Ltd, which was formed at [[Cricklewood]], London in 1916 to license produce [[France|French]] [[Nieuport]] aircraft,<ref>''Flight'' 16 November 1916, p.1016.</ref> to acquire the services of [[Henry Folland]], previously responsible for the design of the [[Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5|S.E.5]] fighter, as chief designer.<ref name="Bruce v1 p68">Bruce 1965, p.168.</ref> His first design for Nieuport & General was another fighter, intended to meet [[Air Ministry#The Air Board|Air Board]] Specification A.1.A for a replacement for the [[Sopwith Camel]], in competition with designs submitted by [[Sopwith Aviation Company|Sopwith]] (the [[Sopwith Snipe]]), [[Austin Motors]] (the [[Austin Osprey]]) and [[Boulton & Paul Ltd|Boulton & Paul]] (the [[Boulton Paul Bobolink|Bobolink]]).<ref name="Mason Fighter p130-1">Mason 1992, pp.130-131.</ref>
The [[Nieuport & General Aircraft]] Co Ltd was formed at [[Cricklewood]], London, before the start of the [[World War I|First World War]] to license produce [[France|French]] [[Nieuport]] aircraft, later building large numbers of [[Sopwith Camel]] fighters. In 1917



This aircraft, designated '''Nieuport B.N.1''' (for "British Nieuport"), was a single-engined, single seat [[Tractor configuration|tractor]] [[biplane]] of wooden construction. It had equal-span, [[Stagger (aviation)|unstaggered]] two bay wings, a slab-sided fuselage and was powered by a 230&nbsp;hp (172&nbsp;kW) [[Bentley BR2]] [[rotary engine]]. A distinctive feature was a ventral fin, as used on the S.E.5 (which was to become a distinguishing mark of many of Folland's designs). Armament was the normal pair of [[synchronization gear|synchronised]] [[Vickers machine gun]]s together with a [[Lewis gun]] mounted on the upper wing, firing over the propeller.<ref name="Bruce British p317">Bruce 1957, p.317.</ref>


Three B.N.1s were ordered, the first one flying in February 1918. When it was evaluated, it demonstrated performance that was generally superior to the Snipe, with a much better ceiling. It was destroyed, however, on 10 March 1918 when its engine (only the sixth BR2 built) caught fire in the air. This caused the B.N.1 to be abandoned, with the Snipe being purchased to replace the Camel, and Folland concentrating on the design of the more advanced [[Nieuport Nighthawk]].<ref name="Mason Fighter p131"/>


==Specifications ==
==Specifications ==
{{Aircraft specs
{{aircraft specifications
|ref=''The British Fighter since 1912.''<ref name="Mason Fighter p131">Mason 1992, p.131.</ref>
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|ref=The British Fighter since 1912 <ref name="Mason Fighter p130"> Mason 1992, p.130.</ref>
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|crew=One
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|length ft=18|length in=6
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|length main=18 ft 6 in
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|length alt=5.64 m
|wing area sqft=260
|span main= 28 ft 0 in
|span alt=8.54 m
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|area alt=24.2 m²
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|gross weight lb=2030
|fuel capacity={{cvt|36|impgal|USgal L}}<ref>Bruce 1957, p. 318.</ref>
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|engine (prop)=[[Bentley BR1]]
|type of prop=9-cylinder [[rotary engine]]
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|power main=230 hp
|power alt=172 kW
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|max speed main=127 mph
|max speed alt=110 knots, 204 km/h
|max speed more= at 15,000 ft (4,600 m)
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|ceiling alt=7,900 m
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*'''Endurance:''' 3 hr
*'''Climb to 15,000 ft (4,600 m):''' 16 min
|guns=2x forward firing, synchronised [[.303 British|.303 in]] [[Vickers machine gun]]s and one [[Lewis gun]] above upper wing

|avionics=


|prop blade number=2<!-- propeller aircraft -->
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<!--Armament-->
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{{aircontent
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|related=*[[Nieuport Nighthawk]]

|similar aircraft=*[[Sopwith Snipe]]
|related=
*[[Boulton Paul Bobolink]]

*[[Austin Osprey]]
|similar aircraft=<!-- similar or comparable aircraft -->
*[[Armstrong Whitworth Armadillo]]<!-- similar or comparable aircraft -->

|lists=<!-- related lists -->
|lists=<!-- related lists -->

|see also=<!-- other relevant information -->
|see also=<!-- other relevant information -->


Line 115: Line 76:
*Bruce, J.M. ''British Aeroplanes 1914-18''. London:Putnam, 1957.
*Bruce, J.M. ''British Aeroplanes 1914-18''. London:Putnam, 1957.
*Bruce, J.M. ''War Planes of the First World War: Volume One:Fighters''. London:Macdonald, 1965.
*Bruce, J.M. ''War Planes of the First World War: Volume One:Fighters''. London:Macdonald, 1965.
*Mason, Francis K. ''The British Fighter since 1912''. Annapolis, USA:Naval Institute Press, 1992. ISBN 1-55750-082-7.
*Mason, Francis K. ''The British Fighter since 1912''. Annapolis, USA:Naval Institute Press, 1992. {{ISBN|978-1557500823}}.
*"[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1916/1916%20-%201024.html New Companies Registered]". ''[[Flight International|Flight]]'', 16 November 1916. p.&nbsp;1016.

==External links==
==External links==
{{Nieuport & General aircraft}}

[[Category:1910s British fighter aircraft]]
[[Category:Nieuport & General aircraft|B.N.1]]
[[Category:Rotary-engined aircraft]]
[[Category:Biplanes]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1918]]

Latest revision as of 10:49, 3 May 2021

B.N.1
Role Fighter
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer Nieuport & General Aircraft
Designer Henry Folland
First flight February 1918
Status abandoned prototype
Number built 1

The Nieuport B.N.1 was a prototype British single-engined fighter aircraft of the First World War. It was a single-engined biplane intended to replace the Sopwith Camel, but only one was built, being destroyed in a crash. The Sopwith Snipe was built instead to replace the Camel.

Development and design

[edit]

In 1917, as a result of an official Inquiry (the Burbidge Report) into the activities of the Royal Aircraft Factory, design and construction of aircraft at Farnborough ceased, and the Factory's design teams were broken up.[1] This allowed the Nieuport & General Aircraft Co Ltd, which was formed at Cricklewood, London in 1916 to license produce French Nieuport aircraft,[2] to acquire the services of Henry Folland, previously responsible for the design of the S.E.5 fighter, as chief designer.[1] His first design for Nieuport & General was another fighter, intended to meet Air Board Specification A.1.A for a replacement for the Sopwith Camel, in competition with designs submitted by Sopwith (the Sopwith Snipe), Austin Motors (the Austin Osprey) and Boulton & Paul (the Bobolink).[3]

This aircraft, designated Nieuport B.N.1 (for "British Nieuport"), was a single-engined, single seat tractor biplane of wooden construction. It had equal-span, unstaggered two bay wings, a slab-sided fuselage and was powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Bentley BR2 rotary engine. A distinctive feature was a ventral fin, as used on the S.E.5 (which was to become a distinguishing mark of many of Folland's designs). Armament was the normal pair of synchronised Vickers machine guns together with a Lewis gun mounted on the upper wing, firing over the propeller.[4]

Three B.N.1s were ordered, the first one flying in February 1918. When it was evaluated, it demonstrated performance that was generally superior to the Snipe, with a much better ceiling. It was destroyed, however, on 10 March 1918 when its engine (only the sixth BR2 built) caught fire in the air. This caused the B.N.1 to be abandoned, with the Snipe being purchased to replace the Camel, and Folland concentrating on the design of the more advanced Nieuport Nighthawk.[5]

Specifications

[edit]

Data from The British Fighter since 1912.[5]

General characteristics

  • Crew: One
  • Length: 18 ft 6 in (5.64 m)
  • Wingspan: 28 ft 0 in (8.53 m)
  • Height: 9 ft 0 in (2.74 m)
  • Wing area: 260 sq ft (24 m2)
  • Gross weight: 2,030 lb (921 kg)
  • Fuel capacity: 36 imp gal (43 US gal; 160 L)[6]
  • Powerplant: 1 × Bentley BR2 9-cylinder rotary engine, 230 hp (170 kW)
  • Propellers: 2-bladed wood fixed pitch propeller

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 127 mph (204 km/h, 110 kn) at 15,000 ft (4,600 m)
  • Endurance: 3 hr
  • Service ceiling: 26,000 ft (7,900 m) (absolute ceiling)
  • Time to altitude: 16 min to 15,000 ft (4,600 m)

Armament

See also

[edit]

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Bruce 1965, p.168.
  2. ^ Flight 16 November 1916, p.1016.
  3. ^ Mason 1992, pp.130-131.
  4. ^ Bruce 1957, p.317.
  5. ^ a b Mason 1992, p.131.
  6. ^ Bruce 1957, p. 318.
  • Bruce, J.M. British Aeroplanes 1914-18. London:Putnam, 1957.
  • Bruce, J.M. War Planes of the First World War: Volume One:Fighters. London:Macdonald, 1965.
  • Mason, Francis K. The British Fighter since 1912. Annapolis, USA:Naval Institute Press, 1992. ISBN 978-1557500823.
  • "New Companies Registered". Flight, 16 November 1916. p. 1016.
[edit]
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