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#REDIRECT [[Jonestown#Conspiracy theories]] |
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[[File:Jonestown entrance.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The entrance to Jonestown.]] |
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The 1978 [[Jonestown#death of 918 members of the Peoples Temple Agricultural Project|Jonestown massacre]] has prompted [[Conspiracy theory|conspiracy theories]] claiming that the deaths were the result of mind control experiments or assassinations by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. |
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== CIA conspiracy theories == |
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In 1979, Joseph Hollinger, a former aide to Congressman [[Leo Ryan]] who was killed at Jonestown, claimed that Jonestown was a "mass mind control experiment" conducted by the [[CIA]]. A 1980 column by [[Jack Anderson (columnist)|Jack Anderson]] also claimed that the [[CIA]] was involved in the Jonestown Massacre, and speculated that [[State Department|Deputy Chief of Mission]] of the U.S. Embassy to Guyana Richard Dwyer had ties to the CIA.<ref>Anderson, Jack, "CIA Involved In Jonestown Massacre, September 27, 1980</ref> In 1980, the U.S. House permanent select committee on intelligence found no evidence of CIA activity in Jonestown.<ref name="Knight2003">{{cite book|author=Peter Knight|title=Conspiracy Theories in American History: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qMIDrggs8TsC&pg=PA379|year=2003|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-812-9|pages=379–}}</ref> |
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In 1987, ''The Jonestown Carnage: A CIA Crime (1978)'' (Russian: ''Гибель Джонстауна - преступление ЦРУ'') was published in the Soviet Union, claiming that group members were assassinated by CIA agents and mercenaries to prevent further political emigration from the U.S. as well as suppress opposition to the U.S. regime.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bey.livejournal.com/36599.html |title=Джонстаун-1: bey |website=Bey.livejournal.com |accessdate=2016-03-12 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160614145413/http://bey.livejournal.com/36599.html |archivedate=2016-06-14 }}</ref> Political scientist [[Janos Radvanyi]] cites the book as an example of Soviet active measures during the 1980s that "spread both disinformation stories and enemy propaganda against the United States", adding, "It's hard to imagine that anyone could believe so ridiculous a story".<ref name="Radvanyi1990">{{cite book|author=Janos Radvanyi|title=Psychological Operations and Political Warfare in Long-term Strategic Planning|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DUZJcDOUKtsC&pg=PA53|year=1990|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-275-93623-5|pages=53–}}</ref> |
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According to Religious Studies scholar Rebecca Moore, "In the twenty-three years since the deaths in Jonestown, conspiracy theories have blossomed in number and sophistication."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=16582 |title=Reconstructing Reality: Conspiracy Theories About Jonestown |website=Jonestown.sdsu.edu |date= |accessdate=2016-03-12}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==Bibliography== |
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*{{Cite book |author1=Renardo Barden |title=Cults (Troubled Society series) |publisher=Rourke Pub Group |location= |year= 1990|isbn=0-86593-070-8 |oclc= |doi= |url=https://archive.org/details/cults00bard }} |
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*{{Cite book |author=Sean Dolan |title=Everything you need to know about cults |publisher=Rosen Pub. Group |location=New York |year=2000 |isbn=0-8239-3230-3 |oclc= |doi= |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/everythingyounee0000dola }} |
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*{{Cite book |author1=Jack Sargeant |title=Death Cults: Murder, Mayhem and Mind Control (True Crime Series) |publisher=Virgin Publishing |location= |year=2002 |isbn=0-7535-0644-0 |oclc= |doi=}} |
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*''Jonestown Carnage: A CIA Crime'' - S.F. Alinin, B.G.Antonov, A.N.Itsko (Gives USSR version of the Jonestown massacre, argues that it was a crime committed by CIA.) |
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*{{Cite book |author=Rebecca Moore |title=A sympathetic history of Jonestown: the Moore family involvement in Peoples Temple |publisher=E. Mellen Press |location=Lewiston |year=1985 |isbn=0-88946-860-5 |oclc= |doi=}} |
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*{{Cite book |author=Charles A. Krause; with exclusive material by Laurence M. Stern, Richard Harwood and the staff of The Washington Post; with 16 pages of on-the-scene photos. and commentary by Frank Johnston |title=Guyana massacre: the eyewitness account |publisher=Berkley Pub. Corp |location=[New York] |year=1978 |isbn=0-425-04234-0 |oclc= |doi= |url=https://archive.org/details/guyanamassacreey00krau }} |
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*{{Cite book |author=Shiva Naipaul |title=Journey to nowhere: a New World tragedy |publisher=Penguin |location=Harmondsworth [Eng.] |year=1982 |isbn=0-14-006189-4 |oclc= |doi= |url=https://archive.org/details/journeytonowhere00naip }} (published in the UK as ''Black and White'') Shiva Naipaul |
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*{{Cite book |author1=Phil Kerns |title=People's Temple, People's Tomb |publisher=Logos Associates |location= |year=1978 |isbn=0-88270-363-3 |oclc= |doi=}} |
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*''Raven: The Untold Story of The Rev. Jim Jones and His People'' by Tim Reiterman with John Jacobs |
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*{{Cite book |author1=Marshall Kilduff |author2=Ron Javers |title=The suicide cult: the inside story of the Peoples Temple sect and the massacre in Guyana |publisher=Bantam Books |location=New York |year=1978 |isbn=0-553-12920-1 |oclc= |doi= |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/suicidecultinsid0000kild }} |
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*''Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple'' a film by Stanley Nelson |
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*''Snake Dance: Unravelling the Mysteries of Jonestown'' by Laurie Efrein Kahalas, Trafford Publ 1998. {{ISBN|978-1-55212-207-5}}. Controversial 'insider' material. |
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*{{Cite book |author1=Michael Meiers |title=Was Jonestown a CIA Medical Experiment?: A Review of the Evidence |publisher=Edwin Mellen Pr |location= |year=1989 |isbn=978-0889460133 |oclc= |doi=}} |
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==External links== |
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{{External links|date=May 2015}} |
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*{{IMDb title|id=0080832|title=Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones}} |
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*{{IMDb title|id=0762111|title=Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple}} |
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{{Navboxes |
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{{Peoples Temple}} |
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{{Leo Ryan}} |
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{{Conspiracy theories}} |
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{{Soviet Bloc disinformation in the Cold War}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Jonestown Conspiracy Theory}} |
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[[Category:Conspiracy theories in the United States]] |
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[[Category:Peoples Temple]] |
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[[Category:Central Intelligence Agency]] |
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[[Category:Disinformation operations]] |
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[[Category:Death conspiracy theories]] |
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[[Category:Pseudohistory]] |
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Latest revision as of 02:20, 3 July 2021
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