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There are 164 [[vascular plant]] species on the [[Norway|Norwegian]] arctic [[archipelago]] of [[Svalbard]]. This figure does not include [[alga]]e, [[moss]]es, and [[lichen]]s, which are [[non-vascular plant]]s. For an island so far north, 164 species constitutes an astonishing variety of plant life. Because of the harsh climate and the short growing season, all the plants are slow growing. They seldom grow higher than 10 cm.{{Fact|date=June 2007}}
{{Short description|Vascular plant species of the archipelago of Svalbard}}
There are over 190 [[vascular plant]] species on the [[Norway|Norwegian]] Arctic [[archipelago]] of [[Svalbard]]. This figure does not include [[alga]]e, [[moss]]es, and [[lichen]]s, which are [[non-vascular plant]]s. For an island so far north, this number of species constitutes an astonishing variety of plant life. Because of the harsh climate and the short growing season, all the plants are slow growing. They seldom grow higher than {{cvt|10|cm|in|0}}


In some areas, especially in warmer valleys, the plants produce carpets of blossoms. Svalbard have been divided into four vegetation zones ([http://www.environment.no/templates/PageWithRightListing____2817.aspx ]).
In some areas, especially in warmer valleys, the plants produce carpets of blossoms. Svalbard has been divided into four vegetation zones.

===Plant species===
[[Image:bellheather2.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Cassiope tetragona|Arctic bell-heather]]]][[Image:hawkweed1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Saxifraga hieracifolia|Hawkweed-leaved saxifrage]]]][[Image:knotweed1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Polygonum viviparum|Alpine bistort]]]][[Image:mosscampion.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Moss campion]]]][[Image:poppy3.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Svalbard poppy]]]][[Image:lousewort1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Pedicularis dasyantha|Woolly lousewort]]]]

* ''[[Arabis alpina]]''<ref name=Alsos>{{cite journal | author = Alsos, I.G., ''et al.'' | year=2007 | title= Frequent long-distance plant colonization in the changing arctic | journal = [[Science (journal)|Science]] | volume = 316 | pages = 1606-1609 | doi = 10.1126/science.1139178}}</ref> - Alpine rock-cress
* ''[[Arenaria (plant)|Arenaria psuedofrigida]]'' - Fringed sandwort
* ''[[Arnica|Arnica alpina]]'' - Alpine arnica
* ''[[Betula nana]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Dwarf birch
* ''[[Braya|Braya purpurascens]]'' - Purplish Braya
* ''[[Campanula|Campanula uniflora]]'' - Arctic harebell
* ''[[Cardamine|Cardamine nymanii]]'' - Polar cress
* ''[[Carex|Carex misandra]]'' - Sooty sedge
* ''[[Cassiope tetragona]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Arctic bell-heather
* ''[[Cerastium arcticum]]'' - Arctic mouse-ear chickweed
* ''[[Cochlearia officinalis]]'' - Scurvy-grass
* ''[[Deschampsia|Deschampsia alpina]]'' - Alpine hair-grass
* ''[[Draba]]''
** ''[[Draba bellii|D. bellii]]'' - Yellow arctic whitlow-grass
** ''[[Draba lactea|D. lactea]]'' - Lapland whitlow-grass
* ''[[Dryas octopetala]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Mountain avens
* ''[[Empetrum|Empetrum nigrum]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Crowberry
* ''[[Erigeron humilis]]'' - Black fleabane
* ''[[Eriophorum scheuchzeri]]'' - Arctic cottongrass
* ''[[Luzula]]''
** ''[[Luzula arctica|L. arctica]]'' - Tundra wood-rush
** ''[[Luzula confusa|L. confusa]]'' - Arctic wood-rush
* ''[[Mertensia maritima]]'' - Oysterleaf
* ''[[Minuartia rubella]]'' - Alpine sandwort
* ''[[Oxyria digyna]]'' - Mountain sorrel
* ''[[Papaver dahlianum]]'' - Svalbard poppy
* ''[[Pedicularis]]''
** ''[[Pedicularis dasyantha|P. dasyantha]]'' - Woolly lousewort
** ''[[Pedicularis hirsuta|P. hirsuta]]'' - Hairy lousewort
* ''[[Petasites frigidus]]'' - Lapland butterbur
* ''[[Poa|Poa alpina]]'' - Alpine meadow-grass
* ''[[Polemonium boreale]]'' - Boreal Jacobs-ladder
* ''[[Polygonum viviparum]]'' - Alpine bistort
* ''[[Potentilla]]''
** ''[[Potentilla chamissonis|P. chamissonis]]'' - Bluff cinquefoil
** ''[[Potentilla hyparctica|P. hyparctica]]'' - Arctic cinquefoil
** ''[[Potentilla pulchella|P. pulchella]]'' - Tufted cinquefoil
* ''[[Puccinellia phryganodes]]'' - Cushioned saltmarsh grass
* ''[[Ranunculus]]''
** ''[[Ranunculus hyperboreus|R. hyperboreus]]'' - Arctic buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus lapponicus|R. lapponicus]]'' - Lapland buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus nivalis|R. nivalis]]'' - Snow buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus pedatifidus|R. pedatifidus]]'' - Lobed buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus pygmaeus|R. pygmaeus]]'' - Pygmy buttercup
** ''[[Ranunculus suiphureus|R. suiphureus]]'' - Sulphur-coloured buttercup
* ''[[Rubus chamaemorus]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Cloudberry
* ''[[Salix]]
** ''[[Salix herbacea]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Snowbed willow
** ''[[Salix polaris]]'' - Polar willow
* ''[[Saxifraga]]''
** ''[[Saxifraga aizoides|S. aizoides]]'' - Yellow mountain saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga cernua|S. cernua]]'' - Drooping saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga cespitosa|S. cespitosa]]'' - Tufted saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga flagellaris|S. flagellaris]]'' - Whiplash saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga hieracifolia|S. hieracifolia]]'' - Hawkweed-leaved saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga hirculus|S. hirculus]]'' - Bog saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga nivalis|S. nivalis]]'' - Alpine saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga oppositifolia|S. oppositifolia]]'' - Purple saxifrage
** ''[[Saxifraga rivularis|S. rivularis]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Brook saxifrage
* ''[[Silene]]''
** ''[[Silene acaulis|S. acaulis]]'' - Moss campion
** ''[[Silene furcata|S. furcata]]'' - Arctic Lychnis
** ''[[Silene wahlbergella|S. wahlbergella]]'' - Northern catchfly
* ''[[Stellaria]]''
** ''[[Stellaria crassipes|S. crassipes]]'' - Chickweed
** ''[[Stellaria humifusa|S. humifusa]]'' - Arctic chickweed
* ''[[Taraxacum]]''
** ''[[Taraxacum arcticum|T. arcticum]]'' - Arctic dandelion
** ''[[Taraxacum brachyceras|T. brachyceras]]'' - Polar dandelion
* ''[[Vaccinium|Vaccinium uliginosum]]''<ref name=Alsos/> - Bog bilberry


==Plant species==
[[Image:Arctic bell-heather.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Cassiope tetragona|Arctic bell-heather]]]][[Image:hawkweed1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Saxifraga hieracifolia|Hawkweed-leaved saxifrage]]]][[Image:knotweed1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Polygonum viviparum|Alpine bistort]]]][[Image:Silene acaulis - Mosscampion.jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Moss campion]]]][[Image:Svalbard poppy (Papaver dahlianum).jpg|thumb|180px|right|[[Svalbard poppy]]]][[Image:Pedicularis dasyantha - Lousewort1.jpg|thumb|130px|right|[[Pedicularis dasyantha|Woolly lousewort]]]]
{{div col}}
*''[[Acorus calamus]]'' <small>L.</small> (introduced)
*''[[Alchemilla glabra]]'' <small>Neygenf.</small> (doubtful)
*''[[Alchemilla subcrenata]]'' <small>Buser</small> (introduced)
*''[[Alopecurus magellanicus]]'' <small>Lam.</small>
*''[[Anthoxanthum monticola]]'' <small>(Bigelow) Veldkamp</small>
*''[[Arabis alpina]]'' <small>L.</small><ref name ="Alsos" >{{cite journal |title=Frequent Long-Distance Plant Colonization in the Changing Arctic |year=2007 |last1=Alsos |first1=I. G. |last2=Eidesen |first2=P. B. |last3=Ehrich |first3=D. |last4=Skrede |first4=I. |last5=Westergaard |first5=K. |last6=Jacobsen |first6=G. H. |last7=Landvik |first7=J. Y. |last8=Taberlet |first8=P. |last9=Brochmann |first9=C. |journal=Science |volume=316 |issue=5831 |pages=1606–1609 |doi=10.1126/science.1139178 |pmid=17569861 |bibcode=2007Sci...316.1606A |s2cid=37250212 }}</ref> – Alpine rock-cress
*''[[Arctagrostis latifolia]]'' <small>(R.Br.) Griseb.</small>
*''[[Arctium lappa]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[× Arctodupontia scleroclada]]'' <small>(Rupr.) Tzvelev</small>
*''[[Arenaria humifusa]]'' <small>Wahlenb.</small>
*''[[Arenaria pseudofrigida]]'' <small>(Ostenf. & O.C.Dahl) Steffen</small> – fringed sandwort
*''[[Barbarea vulgaris]]'' <small>W.T.Aiton</small> (introduced)
*''[[Betula nana]]'' <small>L.</small><ref name=Alsos/> – dwarf birch
*''[[Bistorta vivipara]]'' <small>(L.) Delarbre</small>
*''[[Braya purpurascens]]'' <small>(R.Br.) Bunge ex Ledeb.</small> – purplish braya
*''[[Cakile arctica]]'' <small>Pobed.</small> (extinct in Svalbard)
*''[[Calamagrostis purpurascens]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
*''[[Calamagrostis stricta]]'' <small>(Timm) Koeler</small>
*''[[Callitriche stagnalis]]'' <small>Scop.</small>
*''[[Campanula giesekiana]]'' <small>Vest ex Schult.</small>
*''[[Capsella bursa-pastoris]]'' <small>(L.) Medik.</small> (introduced)
*''[[Cardamine bellidifolia]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Cardamine nymanii]]'' <small>Gand.</small> – polar cress
*''[[Carex bigelowii]]'' <small>Torr. ex Schwein.</small>
*''[[Carex capillaris]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Carex dioica]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Carex × flavicans]]'' <small>(F.Nyl.) F.Nyl.</small>
*''[[Carex fuliginosa]]'' <small>Schkuhr</small>
*''[[Carex glacialis]]'' <small>Mack.</small>
*''[[Carex glareosa]]'' <small>Schkuhr ex Wahlenb.</small>
*''[[Carex incurviformis]]'' <small>Mack.</small>
*''[[Carex krausei]]'' <small>Boeckeler</small>
*''[[Carex lachenalii]]'' <small>Schkuhr</small>
*''[[Carex × langeana]]'' <small>Fernald</small>
*''[[Carex × lidii]]'' <small>Hadac</small>
*''[[Carex marina]]'' <small>Dewey</small>
*''[[Carex maritima]]'' <small>Gunnerus</small>
*''[[Carex nardina]]'' <small>(Hornem.) Fr.</small>
*''[[Carex parallela]]'' <small>(Laest.) Sommerf.</small>
*''[[Carex × reducta]]'' <small>Drejer</small>
*''[[Carex rupestris]]'' <small>All.</small>
*''[[Carex saxatilis]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Carex subspathacea]]'' <small>Wormsk. ex Hornem.</small>
*''[[Carex ursina]]'' <small>Dewey</small>
*''[[Carum carvi]]'' <small>L.</small> (introduced)
*''[[Cassiope hypnoides]]'' <small>(L.) D.Don</small>
*''[[Cassiope tetragona]]'' <small>(L.) D.Don</small><ref name=Alsos/> – Arctic bell-heather
*''[[Cerastium alpinum]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Cerastium arcticum]]'' <small>Lange</small> – Arctic mouse-ear chickweed
*''[[Cerastium bialynickii]]'' <small>Tolm.</small>
*''[[Cerastium regelii]]'' <small>Ostenf.</small>
*''[[Cherleria biflora]]'' <small>(L.) A.J.Moore & Dillenb.</small>
*''[[Chrysosplenium tetrandrum]]'' <small>(N.Lund) Th.Fr.</small>
*''[[Cochlearia groenlandica]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Comastoma tenellum]]'' <small>(Rottb.) Toyok.</small>
*''[[Cystopteris fragilis]]'' <small>(L.) Bernh.</small>
*''[[Deschampsia cespitosa]]'' <small>(L.) P.Beauv.</small>
*''[[Dichodon cerastoides]]'' <small>(L.) Rchb.</small>
*''[[Draba × algida]]'' <small>Adams ex DC.</small>
*''[[Draba alpina]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Draba arctica]]'' <small>J.Vahl</small>
*''[[Draba × asplundii]]'' <small>O.E.Schulz</small> (endemic)
*''[[Draba cinerea]]'' <small>Adams</small>
*''[[Draba corymbosa]]'' <small>R.Br. ex DC.</small>
*''[[Draba daurica]]'' <small>DC.</small>
*''[[Draba fladnizensis]]'' <small>Wulfen</small>
*''[[Draba hirta]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Draba lactea]]'' <small>Adams</small> – Lapland whitlow-grass
*''[[Draba × lastrungica]]'' <small>O.E.Schulz</small> (endemic)
*''[[Draba micropetala]]'' <small>Hook.</small>
*''[[Draba nivalis]]'' <small>Lilj.</small>
*''[[Draba norvegica]]'' <small>Gunnerus</small>
*''[[Draba oxycarpa]]'' <small>Sommerf.</small>
*''[[Draba pauciflora]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
*''[[Draba × schaeferi]]'' <small>O.E.Schulz</small> (endemic)
*''[[Draba subcapitata]]'' <small>Simmons</small>
*''[[Draba × ursorum]]'' <small>Gand.</small> (endemic)
*''[[Drosera rotundifolia]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Dryas octopetala]]'' <small>L.</small><ref name=Alsos/> – mountain avens
*''[[Dupontia fisheri]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
*''[[Empetrum nigrum]]'' <small>L.</small><ref name=Alsos/> – crowberry
*''[[Epilobium anagallidifolium]]'' <small>Lam.</small>
*''[[Equisetum arvense]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Equisetum scirpoides]]'' <small>Michx.</small>
*''[[Eriophorum angustifolium]]'' <small>Honck.</small>
*''[[Eriophorum scheuchzeri]]'' <small>Hoppe</small> – Arctic cottongrass
*''[[Euphrasia frigida]]'' <small>Pugsley</small>
*''[[Eutrema edwardsii]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
*''[[Festuca baffinensis]]'' <small>Polunin</small>
*''[[Festuca brachyphylla]]'' <small>Schult. & Schult.f.</small>
*''[[Festuca heteromalla]]'' <small>Pourr.</small>
*''[[Festuca hyperborea]]'' <small>Holmen</small>
*''[[Festuca richardsonii]]'' <small>Hook.</small>
*''[[Festuca rubra]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Festuca vivipara]]'' <small>(L.) Sm.</small>
*''[[Galium aparine]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Hippuris vulgaris]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Honckenya peploides]]'' <small>(L.) Ehrh.</small>
*''[[Huperzia appressa]]'' <small>(Bach.Pyl. ex Desv.) Á.Löve & D.Löve</small>
*''[[Huperzia selago]]'' <small>(L.) Bernh. ex Schrank & Mart.</small>
*''[[Juncus arcticus]]'' <small>Willd.</small>
*''[[Juncus biglumis]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Juncus castaneus]]'' <small>Sm.</small>
*''[[Juncus effusus]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Juncus squarrosus]]'' <small>L.</small> (introduced)
*''[[Juncus triglumis]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Koenigia islandica]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Lemna minor]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Lolium pratense]]'' <small>(Huds.) Darbysh.</small>
*''[[Luzula arcuata]]'' <small>(Wahlenb.) Sw.</small>
*''[[Luzula confusa]]'' <small>Lindeb.</small> – Arctic wood-rush
*''[[Luzula nivalis]]'' <small>(Laest.) Spreng.</small> – tundra wood-rush
*''[[Luzula spicata]]'' <small>(L.) DC.</small>
*''[[Luzula wahlenbergii]]'' <small>Rupr.</small>
*''[[Melica uniflora]]'' <small>Retz.</small>
*''[[Mentha arvensis]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Mertensia maritima]]'' <small>(L.) Gray</small> – oysterleaf
*''[[Micranthes foliolosa]]'' <small>(R.Br.) Gornall</small>
*''[[Micranthes hieraciifolia]]'' <small>(Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Haw.</small>
*''[[Micranthes nivalis]]'' <small>(L.) Small</small>
*''[[Micranthes tenuis]]'' <small>(Wahlenb.) Small</small>
*''[[Omalotheca supina]]'' <small>(L.) DC.</small>
*''[[Origanum vulgare]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Oxyria digyna]]'' <small>(L.) Hill</small> – mountain sorrel
*''[[Papaver dahlianum]]'' <small>Nordh.</small> – Svalbard poppy
*''[[Papaver radicatum]]'' <small>Rottb.</small>
*''[[Pedicularis dasyantha]]'' <small>Hadac</small> – woolly lousewort
*''[[Pedicularis hirsuta]]'' <small>L.</small> – hairy lousewort
*''[[Phippsia algida]]'' <small>(Sol.) R.Br.</small>
*''[[Phippsia concinna]]'' <small>(Th.Fr.) Lindeb.</small>
*''[[Pleuropogon sabinei]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
*''[[Poa abbreviata]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
*''[[Poa alpigena]]'' <small>Lindm.</small>
*''[[Poa alpina]]'' <small>L.</small> – Alpine meadow-grass
*''[[Poa arctica]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
*''[[Poa glauca]]'' <small>Vahl</small>
*''[[Poa hartzii]]'' <small>Gand.</small>
*''[[Poa pratensis]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Polemonium boreale]]'' <small>Adams</small> – boreal Jacobs-ladder
*''[[Polygonum aviculare]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Potentilla chamissonis]]'' <small>Hultén</small> – bluff cinquefoil
*''[[Potentilla crantzii]]'' <small>(Crantz) Beck ex Fritsch</small>
*''[[Potentilla hyparctica]]'' <small>Malte</small> – Arctic cinquefoil
*''[[Potentilla × insularis]]'' <small>Soják</small> (endemic)
*''[[Potentilla × prostrata]]'' <small>Rottb.</small>
*''[[Potentilla pulchella]]'' <small>R.Br.</small> – tufted cinquefoil
*''[[Potentilla sommerfeltii]]'' <small>Lehm.</small>
*''[[Puccinellia angustata]]'' <small>(R.Br.) E.L.Rand & Redfield</small>
*''[[Puccinellia phryganodes]]'' <small>(Trin.) Scribn. & Merr.</small> – cushioned saltmarsh grass
*''[[Puccinellia tenella]]'' <small>(Lange) Holmb.</small>
*''[[Puccinellia vahliana]]'' <small>(Liebm.) Scribn. & Merr.</small>
*''[[× Pucciphippsia vacillans]]'' <small>(Th.Fr.) Tzvelev</small>
*''[[Ranunculus acris]]'' <small>L.</small> (introduced)
*''[[Ranunculus glacialis]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Ranunculus hyperboreus]]'' <small>Rottb.</small> – Arctic buttercup
*''[[Ranunculus lapponicus]]'' <small>L.</small> – Lapland buttercup
*''[[Ranunculus nivalis]]'' <small>L.</small> – snow buttercup
*''[[Ranunculus pallasii]]'' <small>Schltdl.</small>
*''[[Ranunculus pygmaeus]]'' <small>Wahlenb.</small> – pygmy buttercup
*''[[Ranunculus × spitsbergensis]]'' <small>Hadac</small>
*''[[Ranunculus sulphureus]]'' <small>Sol.</small> – sulphur-coloured buttercup
*''[[Rhodiola rosea]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Rubus chamaemorus]]'' <small>L.</small><ref name=Alsos/> – cloudberry
*''[[Rumex acetosella]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Sabulina rossii]]'' <small>(R.Br. ex Richardson) Dillenb. & Kadereit</small>
*''[[Sabulina rubella]]'' <small>(Wahlenb.) Dillenb. & Kadereit</small>
*''[[Sabulina stricta]]'' <small>(Sw.) Rchb.</small>
*''[[Sagina caespitosa]]'' <small>Lange</small>
*''[[Sagina nivalis]]'' <small>(Lindblad) Fr.</small>
*''[[Salix herbacea]]'' <small>L.</small><ref name=Alsos/> – snowbed willow
*''[[Salix polaris]]'' <small>Wahlenb.</small> – polar willow
*''[[Salix reticulata]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Saxifraga aizoides]]'' <small>L.</small> – yellow mountain saxifrage
*''[[Saxifraga cernua]]'' <small>L.</small> – drooping saxifrage
*''[[Saxifraga cespitosa]]'' <small>L.</small> – tufted saxifrage
*''[[Saxifraga hirculus]]'' <small>L.</small> – bog saxifrage
*''[[Saxifraga hyperborea]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
*''[[Saxifraga oppositifolia]]'' <small>L.</small> – purple saxifrage
*''[[Saxifraga rivularis]]'' <small>L.</small><ref name=Alsos/> – brook saxifrage
*''[[Saxifraga svalbardensis]]'' <small>Øvstedal</small> (endemic)
*''[[Schoenus nigricans]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Sibbaldia procumbens]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Silene acaulis]]'' <small>(L.) Jacq.</small> – moss campion
*''[[Silene involucrata]]'' <small>(Cham. & Schltdl.) Bocquet</small>
*''[[Silene uralensis]]'' <small>(Rupr.) Bocquet</small>
*''[[Stellaria crassipes]]'' <small>Hultén</small> – chickweed
*''[[Stellaria humifusa]]'' <small>Rottb.</small> – Arctic chickweed
*''[[Stellaria longipes]]'' <small>Goldie</small>
*''[[Stellaria media]]'' <small>(L.) Vill.</small>
*''[[Taraxacum amphiphron]]'' <small>Böcher</small> (endemic)
*''[[Taraxacum brachyrhynchum]]'' <small>G.E.Haglund</small> (endemic)
*''[[Taraxacum croceum]]'' <small>Dahlst. ex Andersson</small>
*''[[Taraxacum cymbifolium]]'' <small>H.Lindb. ex Dahlst.</small>
*''[[Taraxacum recedens]]'' <small>(Dahlst.) G.E.Haglund</small> (endemic)
*''[[Taraxacum torvum]]'' <small>G.E.Haglund</small> (endemic)
*''[[Thinopyrum junceiforme]]'' <small>(Á.Löve & D.Löve) Á.Löve</small>
*''[[Tofieldia pusilla]]'' <small>(Michx.) Pers.</small>
*''[[Trisetum spicatum]]'' <small>(L.) K.Richt.</small>
*''[[Vaccinium uliginosum]]'' <small>L.</small><ref name=Alsos/> – bog bilberry
*''[[Veronica alpina]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Vicia sativa]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Viola canina]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Viola nemoralis]]'' <small>Kütz.</small>
*''[[Woodsia glabella]]'' <small>R.Br.</small>
{{div col end}}
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:mountsorrel-1.jpg|[[Oxyria digyna|Mountain sorrel]]
Image:mountsorrel-1.jpg|[[Oxyria digyna|Mountain sorrel]]
Image:spiderplant1.jpg|''[[Saxifraga flagellaris]]''
Image:spiderplant1.jpg|''[[Saxifraga flagellaris]]''
Image:purpSaxifrage1.jpg|[[Purple Saxifrage|Purple saxifrage]]
Image:Saxifraga oppositifolia - PurpSaxifrage1.jpg|[[Purple Saxifrage|Purple saxifrage]]
Image:Vaccinium uliginosum fruit.jpg|Fruit of ''[[Vaccinium uliginosum]]''
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==

{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Europe in topic|Flora of}}
{{Flora of Europe}}
{{Svalbard topics}}


[[Category:Flora of Svalbard| ]]
[[Category:Environment of Svalbard]]
[[Category:Flora of the Arctic|Svalbard]]
[[Category:Natural history of Norway]]
[[Category:Natural history of Norway]]
[[Category:Svalbard]]
[[Category:Arctic flora]]

Latest revision as of 22:16, 7 January 2022

There are over 190 vascular plant species on the Norwegian Arctic archipelago of Svalbard. This figure does not include algae, mosses, and lichens, which are non-vascular plants. For an island so far north, this number of species constitutes an astonishing variety of plant life. Because of the harsh climate and the short growing season, all the plants are slow growing. They seldom grow higher than 10 cm (4 in)

In some areas, especially in warmer valleys, the plants produce carpets of blossoms. Svalbard has been divided into four vegetation zones.

Plant species

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Arctic bell-heather
Hawkweed-leaved saxifrage
Alpine bistort
Moss campion
Svalbard poppy
Woolly lousewort

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Alsos, I. G.; Eidesen, P. B.; Ehrich, D.; Skrede, I.; Westergaard, K.; Jacobsen, G. H.; Landvik, J. Y.; Taberlet, P.; Brochmann, C. (2007). "Frequent Long-Distance Plant Colonization in the Changing Arctic". Science. 316 (5831): 1606–1609. Bibcode:2007Sci...316.1606A. doi:10.1126/science.1139178. PMID 17569861. S2CID 37250212.
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