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#REDIRECT [[Oven]]
{{short description|Oven that uses wood fuel for cooking}}
{{multiple issues|
{{original research|date=August 2013}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2009}}
}}
[[File:Fernbrake.jpg|thumb|A masonry wood-fired oven, during the firing (heating) stage]]
[[Image:Bread oven bricks start to whiten.jpg|thumbnail|The bricks of a direct-fired bread oven (a "black" oven) begin to whiten.{{huh?|date=November 2014}}]]

'''Wood-fired ovens''', also known as '''wood ovens''', are [[oven]]s that use [[wood fuel]] for [[cooking]]. There are two types of wood-fired ovens: "black ovens" and "white ovens".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.ilfornino.com/two-types-of-wood-fired-ovens-black-or-white/|title=Two types of Wood Fired Oven: Black or White|date=2018-12-24|website=Ilfornino Blog|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-07}}</ref> Black ovens are heated by burning wood in a chamber. Food is cooked in that same chamber while the fire is still going, or in the heated chamber after the fire and coals have been swept out. White ovens are heated by heat transfer from a separate combustion chamber and flue-gas path. Thus, the oven remains "white", or clean from ash. While the traditional wood-fired oven is a [[masonry oven]], such ovens can also be built out of [[adobe]], [[Cob (material)|cob]] or [[cast iron]].<ref>{{cite web|title=How to Build a Pizza Oven|url=https://pinkbird.org/enwiki/w/how%20to%20build%20a%20pizza%20oven|website=PinkBird Pizza Ovens|access-date=2019-05-05}}</ref>

Wood-fired ovens are distinct from wood-fired stoves that have a hot cooking surface for pots and pans, like on a gas or electric stove. A [[wood stove]] may also have an oven separate from the fire chamber. Regardless of material they all have an oven chamber consisting of a floor (or hearth), a dome and an entry (oven opening).

Unlike modern household gas or electric ovens that provide a nearly constant cooking temperature, a black oven is typically heated only once during the firing stage (the combustion of wood inside the chamber). After the coals are raked out, the oven gradually cools over a period of hours or even days (in the case of a well-insulated oven). Oven temperatures may exceed 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit (538 degrees Celsius). The mass of the oven acts as a '[[thermal battery]]', which slowly releases heat over time.{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} The retained heat in the oven may be used to bake multiple batches. Alternatively, foods requiring different temperatures can be cooked in succession as the temperature of the oven drops.

== History ==
Similar models of wood-fired oven available today can be traced back to Ancient Greece.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Vasilis|first1=Rokos|title=History of Wood Burning Ovens|url=http://www.traditionaloven.com/2889/history-of-wood-burning-ovens|website=Traditional Oven|publisher=Roka Refractories|access-date=26 April 2017}}</ref> Staple [[Ancient_Greek_cuisine|cuisine of the Ancient Greeks]] included cereals for making bread, fruit, fish and meat. They built ovens in different dimensions according to what sort of bread they were baking.

==Gallery==
[[File:Wood-fired Pizza Oven at Baronessa Italian Restaurant.jpg|thumb|Modern wood-fired pizza oven]]
<gallery>
File:Contry-farm-oven.jpg
File:ClayOven.JPG
File:Pec3.jpg
File:Lehmbackofen.jpg
File:Forno eoliano.JPG
File:Compact Wood Fire Oven.jpg
File:Compact Design Stainless Steel Wood Fired Oven.jpg|Backyard wood fired pizza oven
</gallery>

==See also==
{{commonscat|Wood-fired ovens}}
* [[Chimenea]]
* [[Cook stove]]
* [[Electric fireplace]]
* [[List of stoves]]
* [[Masonry oven]]
* [[Moorish oven]]
* [[Primitive clay oven]]
* [[Stove]]
* [[Wood economy]]

== References==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Wood-Fired Oven}}
[[Category:Fireplaces]]
[[Category:Baking]]
[[Category:Ovens]]

Latest revision as of 00:20, 4 February 2022

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