Lomography: Difference between revisions
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#REDIRECT [[Toy camera#Lomography]] {{R from merge}} |
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[[Image:Lomo lc-a.JPG|thumb|right|The original [[Lomo LC-A]]]] |
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'''Lomography''' is a [[commerce|commercial]] [[trademark]] of Lomographische AG, which their creators associate to a photographic image style and an [[analog camera]] movement and community facilitated by The Lomographic Society International. |
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The Lomographic Society International was founded in 1992 by a group of [[Vienna|Viennese]] students after they discovered the [[LOMO LC-A|LCA]], a [[camera]] created by [[LOMO]] PLC of [[Saint Petersburg]], Russia.<ref name="fastcompany">{{cite news|accessdate=2018-05-10|title=How An Analog Photo Company Can Thrive In An Instagram Age|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3048509/how-an-analog-photo-company-can-thrive-in-an-instagram-age|newspaper=[[Fast Company]]|date=11 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="bbc-2012">{{cite news|first1=Stephen|last1=Dowling|accessdate=2018-05-10|title=Did the Lomo camera save film photography?|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-20434270|newspaper=BBC News|date=22 November 2012|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lomography.com/about/timeline|title=History · Lomography|publisher = Lomographische AG}}</ref> Lomography started as an art movement through which the students put on exhibitions of photos within Vienna; the art movement then developed into a commercial enterprise. Since 1995, Lomography has been the sole distributor of the LC-A camera outside the former [[Soviet Union]], and has moved into producing their own range of analog cameras, films and accessories. |
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==History== |
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{{Alternative photography}} |
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The lomography name is inspired by the former state-run optics manufacturer [[LOMO]] PLC of [[Saint Petersburg]], Russia that created and produced the 35 mm [[LOMO LC-A]] Compact Automat camera, now central to lomography. This camera was loosely based upon the [[Cosina]] CX-1 and introduced in the early 1980s.<ref name=corsina>{{cite web|title=LOMO LC-A's Father: The Cosina CX-2|url=http://www.lomography.com/magazine/reviews/2011/08/02/Cosina-CX-2|publisher = Lomographische AG|accessdate=26 May 2012|date=2 August 2011}}</ref> |
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Lomography also represents the [[commerce|commercial]] [[trademark]] of Lomographische AG, an Austrian company that produces cameras and accessories. The society is headquartered in [[Vienna, Austria]]. |
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[[Image:Lomo-lca sample.png|left|thumb|Sample shot from a LOMO LC-A]] |
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In 1991, a group of Viennese students discovered the LOMO LC-A and were inspired by its "unique, colorful, and sometimes blurry" images.<ref name=bloomberg2000>{{cite news|last=Drake|first=James|title=A Camera That Really Opens Your Eyes|url=http://www.businessweek.com/2000/00_24/c3685295.htm|accessdate=26 May 2012|newspaper=Bloomberg Businessweek|date=12 June 2000}}</ref> The Lomographic Society International was subsequently founded in 1992.<ref name=bbcnews2007>{{cite news|last=Blenford|first=Adam|title=Lomos: New take on an old classic|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7007160.stm|accessdate=26 May 2012|newspaper=BBC News|date=22 September 2007}}</ref> After a series of art exhibitions culminating in shows in [[New York City]] and [[Moscow]],<ref name=bbcnews2007 /> Lomography signed an exclusive distribution agreement with LOMO PLC in 1995 — becoming the sole distributor of all LOMO LC-A cameras outside of the former [[Soviet Union]].<ref>{{cite news|title=A guide to Lomography|url=http://www.ephotozine.com/article/a-guide-to-lomography-137|accessdate=26 May 2012|newspaper=ePhotozine|date=2 August 2002}}</ref> The new company reached an agreement with the deputy mayor of St Petersburg, the future Russian Prime Minister and President, [[Vladimir Putin]], to receive a [[tax break]] in order to keep the LOMO factory in the city open.<ref name=bbcnews2007 /> |
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Since the introduction of the original LOMO LC-A, Lomography has produced a line of their own analog cameras. In 2005, production of the original LOMO LC-A was discontinued. Its replacement, the LOMO LC-A+, was introduced in 2006. The new camera, made in China rather than Russia, featured the original Russian lens manufactured by LOMO PLC.<ref name=timeline>{{cite web|title=Timeline|url=http://www.lomography.com/about/timeline|publisher = Lomographische AG|accessdate=30 May 2012}}</ref> This changed as of mid-2007 with the lens now made in China as well. In 2012 the LC-A+ camera was re-released as a special edition.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://hypebeast.com/2012/12/lomography-lc-a-20th-anniversary-edition|title=Lomography LC-A+ 20th Anniversary Edition|work=Hypebeast|access-date=2017-03-22|language=en}}</ref> |
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Lomography has also released products catered to digital devices, such as the Smartphone Film Scanner;<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://hypebeast.com/2013/1/the-lomography-smartphone-film-scanner|title=The Lomography Smartphone Film Scanner|work=Hypebeast|access-date=2017-03-22|language=en}}</ref> and the Achromat lens collection<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://hypebeast.com/2016/4/lomography-daguerreotype-camera-lens|title=Lomography Bridges Technology With the Past by Recreating the First Photographic Optic Lens|work=HYPEBEAST|access-date=2017-03-22|language=en}}</ref> for SLR cameras with [[Canon EF lens mount|Canon EF]], [[Nikon F-mount|Nikon F]] or [[Pentax K-mount|Pentax K]] mounts, inspired by 19th century [[Daguerreotype]] photography. |
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In 2013, together with Zenit, Lomography produced a new version of the Petzval Lens designed to work with Canon EF and Nikon F mount SLR cameras. |
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==Models== |
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[[Image:Diana Mini.jpg|thumb|A Diana Mini]] |
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[[File:Fisheye2.jpg|thumb|alt=The Fisheye 2 model |The Fisheye 2 model]] |
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Cameras that have been marketed by Lomographische AG: |
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*LOMO LC-A+<ref name=bbcnews2007 /> |
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*LC-A 120<ref>{{cite news|accessdate=2018-05-10|title=Film isn't dead! The Lomo LC-A 120 helps fuel the retro revival|url=https://www.techradar.com/news/photography-video-capture/cameras/film-isn-t-dead-the-lomo-lc-a-120-helps-fuel-the-retro-revival-1264614|newspaper=[[TechRadar]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|accessdate=2018-05-10|title=Lomography LC-A 120|url=http://uk.pcmag.com/lomography-lc-a-120/41746/review/lomography-lc-a-120|newspaper=PCMag UK|date=7 May 2015}}</ref> |
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*[[Diana camera|Diana]] F+<ref name="fastcompany" /> |
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*Spinner 360° |
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*Sprocket Rocket |
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*Actionsampler |
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*Pop-9 |
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*Oktomat |
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*Fisheye |
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*Fisheye 2 |
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*Colorsplash |
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*Colorsplash Flash |
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*SuperSampler |
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*La Sardina |
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*LomoKino - a 35 mm analog movie camera |
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*Diana Baby - 110 film |
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*Fisheye Baby - 110 film |
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*Konstruktor - a build-it-yourself 35 mm SLR camera |
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*Fritz the Blitz |
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==Film== |
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The company produces several kinds of 35 mm, 120 and 110 film. |
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==Publication== |
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*''Holga: the World Through a Plastic Lens.'' Vienna: Lomographic Society International, 2006. By Adam Scott and Lomographic Society International. {{ISBN|3-902217-07-3}}. Paperback edition. |
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==Lomographic aesthetic== |
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Similar to [[Eastman Kodak]]'s concept of the "Kodak moment", the philosophy behind Lomography is summarized in its motto, "Don’t Think, Just Shoot."<ref name=bbcnews2007 /> This motto is accompanied by The Ten Golden Rules which are supposed to encourage spontaneity and the taking of photographs anywhere, while minimizing considerations of formal technique.<ref name=goldenrules>{{cite web|title=The Ten Golden Rules|url=http://www.lomography.com/about/the-ten-golden-rules|publisher = Lomographische AG|accessdate=26 May 2012}}</ref> Typical Lomography cameras are deliberately low-fidelity and of simple construction. Some cameras make use of multiple lenses and rainbow-colored flashes; some exhibit extreme optical distortions and [[light leak]]s.<ref name=apple2009>{{cite news|title=Niche Photography|url=http://www.appledaily.com.tw/appledaily/article/international/20110428/33349967|accessdate=26 May 2012|newspaper=Apple Daily|date=28 April 2009|language=Chinese}}</ref> The intention of the lomographic style is one of acceptance of such deficiencies in order to create images with a unique character. Most [[camera phone]] photo editor [[mobile app|apps]] include a "lomo" [[photographic filter|filter]], the exact mechanisms of which vary by app. |
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Typical of lomography are images with high contrast and with unusual saturation and color that were created using the technique called [[cross processing]] in which film intended for developing in slide chemistry ([[E-6 process|E-6]]) is processed in photographic negative chemistry ([[C-41 process|C-41]]), and vice versa. This technique can be employed with any film camera and can be somewhat mimicked with photo-editing software such as [[GIMP]] or [[Photoshop]]. |
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==Community== |
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[[Image:HK Sheung Wan Po Yan Street Lomography Shop.JPG|thumb|Lomography Shop in Wan Po Yan St., Hong Kong]] |
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The Lomographic Society International runs Lomography Gallery Stores and so-called "embassies" dedicated to the growth, support and public exposure of analogue photography. Customers interact through social events such as exhibits and workshops. |
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An example of the society's events showing peoples' lomography talents is the ''Lomokikuyu'' competition, which raises money for charity.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lomokikyu|url=http://microsites.lomography.com/kikuyu/|publisher = Lomographische AG|accessdate=26 May 2012}}</ref> |
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The organisation organises the Lomography World Congress, an international conference. |
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The Lomographic Society International maintains a community website featuring lomographic photographs.<ref name=lint2011>{{cite news|last=Plummer|first=Libby|title=Lomography – the return of analogue|url=http://www.pocket-lint.com/news/38874/lomography-return-of-analogue-interview|accessdate=26 May 2012|newspaper=Pocket-Lint|date=3 March 2011}}</ref> |
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==Photo gallery== |
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<gallery> |
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Image:Fisheye2 0709.jpg|A Fisheye 2 with a fisheye viewfinder |
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Image:LOMOLCA.jpg|A 1988 LOMO LC-A camera |
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Image:Wakayama-jo-Lomo.jpg|Fisheye-lens photo of [[Wakayama, Wakayama|Wakayama]] Castle |
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Image:DowntownLA.jpg|alt=The view of buildings in Downtown Los Angeles |The view of buildings in [[Downtown Los Angeles]] through the Fisheye 2 camera. |
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</gallery> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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{{commons category}} |
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*{{Official website|www.lomography.com}} |
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{{Photography}} |
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[[Category:Photography by genre]] |
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Latest revision as of 14:22, 27 April 2022
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