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[[Nata Bird Sanctuary]]
{{Infobox Protected area
{{Infobox Protected area
| name = Nata Bird Sanctuary
| name = Nata Bird Sanctuary
| iucn_category =
| iucn_category =
| photo = Pelecanus onocrotalus -Nata Bird Sanctuary, Botswana -two flying-8.jpg
| photo = Pelecanus onocrotalus -Nata Bird Sanctuary, Botswana -two flying-8.jpg
| photo_caption = Pelicans in the Nala Bird Sanctuary
| photo_caption = Pelicans in the Nata Bird Sanctuary
| location = {{flag|Botswana}}
| location = {{flag|Botswana}}
| nearest_city = Nata
| nearest_city = Nata
| coords = {{coord|20|13|33|S|026|15|54|W}}
| coords = {{coord|20|20|08.48|S|26|15|12.33|E}}
|map=Botswana
|map=Botswana
| long_d = 20
| long_m = 13
| long_s = 33
| long_EW = W
| lat_d = 026
| lat_m = 15
| lat_s = 54
| lat_NS = S
| area = 230
| area = 230
| established = 1993
| established = 1993
Line 23: Line 14:
| governing_body =
| governing_body =
}}
}}
The '''Nata Bird Sanctuary''', the only protected reserve in [[Botswana]] in the northeastern periphery of [[Sowa Pan]], is a community managed project with assistance from Nata Conservation Committee and national and international organizations. It was planned to be set up in 1988 and came into effect after about four years, in 1993, encompassing an area of {{Convert|230|km2}} with the objective of conservation of wildlife. The community project is managed by a Trust titled the "Kalahari Conservation Society", which has members drawn from the four village communities of [[Nata, Botswana|Nata]], [[Sepako]], [[Maposa]] and [[Maxotac]] in the vicinity of the sanctuary.<ref name=Tourism>{{Cite web|url=http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/attractions/nata_bird_sanctuary.html|title=Officialwebsite of Botswana Tourism Organization|year=2006}}</ref><ref name=Bush>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bushways.com/nata.html|title= Nata Bird Sanctuary|accessdate=6 April 2010|publisher=Bushways.com}}</ref><ref name="McIntyre2010">{{cite book|author=Chris McIntyre|title=Botswana: Okavango Delta, Chobe, Northern Kalahari|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=mPXQm_qJoWQC&pg=PA387|accessdate=12 April 2011|year=2010|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=9781841623085|pages=387–}}</ref><ref name=Lonely>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/botswana/makgadikgadi-and-nxai-pans-national-park/sights/bird-watching/nata-bird-sanctuary|title=Lonely Planet review for Nata Bird Sanctuary|accessdate=12 April 2011|publisher= Lonelyplanet.com}}</ref>
The '''Nata Bird Sanctuary''', the only protected reserve in the northeastern periphery of [[Sowa Pan]] in Botswana, is a community-managed project, with assistance from the Nata Conservation Committee and national and international organizations. Founded in 1988, it opened for operations in 1993; it encompasses an area of {{Convert|230|km2}}, with the objective of conservation of wildlife. The community project is managed by a Trust titled the "Kalahari Conservation Society", which has members drawn from the four villages of [[Nata, Botswana|Nata]], [[Sepako]], [[Maposa]] and [[Manxotae]] in the vicinity of the sanctuary.<ref name=Tourism>{{cite web|url=http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/attractions/nata_bird_sanctuary.html|title=Officialwebsite of Botswana Tourism Organization|year=2006}}</ref><ref name=Bush>{{cite web|url=http://www.bushways.com/nata.html|title=Nata Bird Sanctuary|accessdate=6 April 2010|publisher=Bushways.com|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708105248/http://www.bushways.com/nata.html|archivedate=8 July 2011}}</ref><ref name="McIntyre2010">{{cite book|author=Chris McIntyre|title=Botswana: Okavango Delta, Chobe, Northern Kalahari|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781841623085|url-access=registration|accessdate=12 April 2011|year=2010|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=978-1-84162-308-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781841623085/page/387 387]–}}</ref><ref name=Lonely>{{cite web|url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/botswana/makgadikgadi-and-nxai-pans-national-park/sights/bird-watching/nata-bird-sanctuary|title=Lonely Planet review for Nata Bird Sanctuary|accessdate=12 April 2011|publisher= Lonelyplanet.com}}</ref>


The prominent wildlife species in the sanctuary are reported to be 165 bird species<ref name=Lonely/> including about 250,000 [[lesser flamingo]] ''([[Phoenicopterus minor]])'' and [[greater flamingo]]es ''([[Phoenicopterus roseus]])'' which visit the sanctuary every year during the winter period to breed, after the rainy season, when the water sources are full.<ref name="OlivierOlivier1998">{{cite book|author1=Willie Olivier|author2=Sandra Olivier|title=Overland Through Southern Africa|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=w2fwRz496RoC&pg=PA90|accessdate=12 April 2011|date=August1998|publisher=Struik|isbn=9781868721054|pages=90–}}</ref>
The prominent wildlife species in the sanctuary are reported to number 165 bird species.<ref name=Lonely/> The sanctuary is of international importance due to its population of 250,000 [[lesser flamingo]] ''(Phoenicopterus minor)'' and [[greater flamingo]]s ''(Phoenicopterus roseus)'', which visit the sanctuary every year during the winter period to breed, after the rainy season, when the water sources are full.<ref name="Botswana2006">{{cite book|author=Air Botswana|title=Peolwane|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PgAxAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=14 April 2011|year=2006|publisher=Imprint Botswana|page=18}}</ref><ref name="OlivierOlivier1998">{{cite book|author1=Willie Olivier|author2=Sandra Olivier|title=Overland Through Southern Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w2fwRz496RoC&pg=PA90|accessdate=12 April 2011|date=August 1998|publisher=Struik|isbn=978-1-86872-105-4|pages=90–}}</ref>

⚫
The community-initiated sanctuary received the coveted "Tourism for Tomorrow" award for the [[Southern Hemisphere]] in the first year it opened, in 1993.<ref name="McIntyre2010"/>


⚫
The community initiated sanctuary received the coveted "Tourism for Tomarrow Award" for the [[Southern Hemisphere]] in the very first year it was established, in 1993.<ref name="McIntyre2010"/>
==Geography==
==Geography==
The Nata sanctuary is situated at the mouth of the Nata River delta, about {{Convert|15|km}} from the [[Nata, Botswana|Nata village]] at the northeastern border of the Sua Pan (salt pan) within the larger [[Makgadikgadi]].<ref name=Tourism/> [[Makgadikgadi|Makgadikgadi Pans Landscape]], located in the [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]] to the southeast of the [[Okavango Delta]] is the most important natural habitats. It covers wild life conservation parks such as the [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi National Park]] and the [[Nxai Pan National Park]], apart from the Nata Bird Sanctuary which is "one of the largest breeding sites of Lesser and Greater flamingo in the world."<ref name=Unesco>{{Cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5559/.|title=World Heritage Convention:Makgadikgadi Pans Landscape|accessdate=13 April 2010|publisher=Unesco.org}}</ref>
The Nata sanctuary is situated at the mouth of the [[Nata River]] delta, about {{Convert|15|km}} from the [[Nata, Botswana|Nata village]] at the northeastern border of the Sua Pan (salt pan) within the larger [[Makgadikgadi]].<ref name=Tourism/><ref name="Burgess2004">{{cite book|last=Burgess|first=Neil D.|title=Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZjbwAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=14 April 2011|date=29 November 2004|publisher=Island Press|isbn=978-1-55963-364-2|page=338}}</ref> The [[Makgadikgadi|Makgadikgadi Pans Landscape]], located in the [[Central Kalahari Game Reserve]] to the southeast of the [[Okavango Delta]], is the most important of natural habitats. It covers wild life conservation parks such as the [[Makgadikgadi Pan|Makgadikgadi National Park]] and the [[Nxai Pan National Park]], apart from the Nata Bird Sanctuary, which is "one of the largest breeding sites of Lesser and Greater flamingo in the world."<ref name=Unesco>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5559/.|title=World Heritage Convention: Makgadikgadi Pans Landscape|accessdate=13 April 2010|publisher=Unesco.org}}</ref>


This region was inhabited by the Nata, Sepako, Maposa and Maxotac community who grazed their 3500 and odd cattle heads in the area. These villagers were persuaded to move their cattle so that a securely fenced sanctuary could be established covering an area of {{Convert|230|km2}}; 45% of the sanctuary lies in the Sua Pan.<ref name=Bush/><ref name="OlivierOlivier1998"/>
This region was inhabited by the [[Nata, Botswana|Nata]], [[Sepako]], [[Maposa]] and [[Manxotae]] communities, who grazed their 3500 and odd cattle in the area. The villagers were persuaded to move their cattle so that a securely fenced sanctuary could be established covering an area of {{Convert|230|km2}}; 45% of the sanctuary lies in the Sua Pan.<ref name=Bush/><ref name="OlivierOlivier1998"/>


A raised wooden platform within the sanctuary provides vistas not only of the Sua salt pan but also the rich bird life of the sanctuary.<ref name=Bush/> The roads within the sanctuary are now well maintained. However, some areas of the park where black cotton soils are found can pose problems for road transport during the rainy season.<ref name=Tourism/>
A raised wooden platform within the sanctuary provides vistas of the Sua salt pan and the rich bird life of the sanctuary.<ref name=Bush/> The roads within the sanctuary are now well maintained. Some areas of the park, where black "cotton" soils are found, can pose problems for road transport during the rainy season.<ref name=Tourism/>


==History==
==History==
The plan to establish a bird sanctuary in the delta of the [[Nata River]] was mooted by the Nata Conservation Committee, in 1988 to conserve and preserve the wild life, particularly the bird species which dominated the Sua Pan at the mouth of Nata River; an ephemeral stream, bordering the [[Sua Pan]]. The Kalahari Conservation Society, with funds contributed by national and international organisations, is credited with ensuring voluntary participation of the local people. The local people not only relocated their cattle head of about 3,500 heads in adjacent land but also built a network of dirt roads.<ref name=Tourism/><ref name=Lonely/>
The Nata Conservation Committee began planning in 1988 to establish a bird sanctuary in the delta of the [[Nata River]], to conserve and preserve the wild life, particularly the bird species. These dominate the Sua Pan at the mouth of the Nata River; it is an [[ephemeral]] stream bordering the [[Sua Pan]]. The Kalahari Conservation Society, with funds contributed by national and international organisations, is credited with ensuring voluntary participation of the local people. The local people not only relocated their cattle of about 3,500 heads to adjacent land but also built a network of dirt roads.<ref name=Tourism/><ref name=Lonely/>


Nata Bird Sanctuary is now one of the three breeding grounds of flamingoes in [[Africa]] and is also the largest.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.passport2adventure.co.za/Summary%20of%20Big%205%20Safari%20%28September%202011%29.pdf|format=pdf|title= Conservation through Utilization|accessdate= 13 April 2011|pubisher= Protea Eco Adventures}}</ref> It is also mentioned as one of the “largest breeding sites of lesser and greater flamingo in the world”.<ref name=Unesco/>
Nata Bird Sanctuary, now one of the three breeding grounds of flamingos in [[Africa]], is the largest.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.passport2adventure.co.za/Summary%20of%20Big%205%20Safari%20%28September%202011%29.pdf|format=PDF|title= Conservation through Utilization|accessdate= 13 April 2011|publisher= Protea Eco Adventures}}</ref> It has been recognized by UNESCO as one of the “largest breeding sites of lesser and greater flamingo in the world” and a site of international importance.<ref name="Botswana2006"/><ref name=Unesco/>


==Fauna==
==Fauna==
[[File:Flickr - Rainbirder - African Fish Eagle.jpg|left|150|thumb|African Fish Eagle]]
[[File:Flickr - Rainbirder - African Fish Eagle.jpg|left|150px|thumb|African fish eagle]]
Among the wild life species noted in the sanctuary are the 165 bird species. Other species of wild life are also reported, though of limited numbers.<ref name=Tourism/>
Among the wild life species noted in the sanctuary are 165 bird species. Other species of wild life are also reported, though of limited numbers.<ref name=Tourism/>


===Avi fauna===
===Avifauna===
[[File:Pelecanus onocrotalus -Nata Bird Sanctuary, Botswana -four flying-8b.jpg|right|thumb|[[Great White Pelican]] ''{[[Pelecanus onocrotalus]])'']]
[[File:Pelecanus onocrotalus -Nata Bird Sanctuary, Botswana -four flying-8b.jpg|right|thumb|[[Great white pelican]] (''Pelecanus onocrotalus'')]]
The bird sanctuary has about 165 species of birds of which the lesser and greater flamingoes, [[Great White Pelican|White-backed pelican]] ''([[Pelecanus onocrotalus]])'' and [[Pink-backed Pelican|pink-backed pelicans]] ''([[Pelecanus rufescens]])'' are the most dominant species, seen in very large numbers every year during the winter season.<ref name=Tourism/> Some of the other notable bird species recorded are: [[Avocet|avocet]], [[Black-winged Stilt|blackwinged stilt]] ''([[Himantopus himantopus]])'', [[Blacksmith plover|blacksmith plower]] ''([[Vanellus armatus]])'', [[Black-necked Grebe|black-necked grebe]] ''([[Podiceps nigricollis]])'', [[bustards]], [[carmine]], [[darters]], [[African Fish Eagle|Fish eagle]] ''([[Haliaeetus vocifer]])'', [[geese]], [[korhaans]], [[Pied Kingfisher|pied kingfishers]] ''([[Ceryle rudis]])'', [[Black-chested Snake-eagle|black-breasted eagles]] ''([[Circaetus pectoralis]])'', [[Blue-cheeked Bee-eater|blue-cheeked bee-eaters]] ''([[Merops persicus]])'', [[Cape Teal|cape teals]] ''([[Anas capensis]]''), [[Kori Bustard|kori bustards]] ''([[Ardeotis kori]])'', [[Hottentot Teal|hottentot teals]] ''([[Anas hottentota]])'', [[Martial Eagle|martial eagles]] ''([[Polemaetus bellicosus]])'', [[Red-knobbed Coot |red-knobbed coot]], ''([[Fulica cristata]])'', [[Secretarybird|secretary bustards]] ''([[Sagittarius serpentarius]])'', [[spoonbills]], and [[White-faced Whistling Duck|white-faced duck]] ''([[Dendrocygna viduata]])''.<ref name=Lonely/><ref name="McIntyre2010"/><ref name="OlivierOlivier1998"/>
The bird sanctuary has about 165 species of birds; the lesser and greater flamingos, [[great white pelican]] ''(Pelecanus onocrotalus)'' and [[pink-backed pelican]] ''(Pelecanus rufescens)'' are the most dominant species, they arrive annually in large numbers as part of their [[Bird migration|migration]] during the winter season.<ref name=Tourism/> Some of the other notable bird species recorded are: [[avocet]], [[Black-winged stilt|blackwinged stilt]] ''(Himantopus himantopus)'', [[blacksmith lapwing]] ''(Vanellus armatus)'', [[black-necked grebe]] ''(Podiceps nigricollis)'', [[bustards]], [[carmine]], [[darters]], [[African fish eagle]] ''(Haliaeetus vocifer)'', [[geese]], [[korhaans]], [[pied kingfisher]] ''(Ceryle rudis)'', [[black-chested snake-eagle]] ''(Circaetus pectoralis)'', [[blue-cheeked bee-eater]] ''(Merops persicus)'', [[Cape teal]] ''(Anas capensis''), [[kori bustard]] ''(Ardeotis kori)'', [[blue-billed teal]] ''(Spatula hottentota)'', [[martial eagle]] ''(Polemaetus bellicosus)'', [[red-knobbed coot]], ''(Fulica cristata)'', [[secretarybird]] ''(Sagittarius serpentarius)'', [[spoonbills]], and [[white-faced whistling duck]] (''Dendrocygna viduata'').<ref name="McIntyre2010"/><ref name=Lonely/><ref name="OlivierOlivier1998"/>


The birds migrate from [[Etosha]], in the border state of [[Namibia]]. Greater flamingoes feed on [[brine shrimps]] (''[[Artemia]]''), worms and tiny [[crustaceans]] while the lesser flmingoes feed on [[algae]], which are all found in plenty in the warm shallow waters of salt pans.<ref name=Unesco/><ref name=Sowa>{{Cite web|url=http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/attractions/sowa_pan.html|title=Sowa Pan|accessdate=14 April 2011|publisher=Official website of Botswana Tourism|year=2006}}</ref>
The birds migrate from [[Etosha]], in the border state of [[Namibia]]. Greater flamingos feed on [[brine shrimps]] (''[[Artemia]]''), worms and tiny [[crustaceans]], while the lesser flamingos feed on [[algae]]; all are plentiful in the warm shallow waters of salt pans.<ref name=Unesco/><ref name=Sowa>{{cite web|url=http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/attractions/sowa_pan.html|title=Sowa Pan|accessdate=14 April 2011|publisher=Official website of Botswana Tourism|year=2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220190142/http://www.botswanatourism.co.bw/attractions/sowa_pan.html|archive-date=20 February 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>


===Other fauna===
===Other fauna===
Other wild life faunal species reported are: The [[antelope]], [[Hartebeest|hartebeest]] ''([[Alcelaphus buselaphus]])'', [[Lesser Kudu|kudu]] ''([[Tragelaphus imberbis]])'', [[Southern Reedbuck|reedbuck]] ''([[Redunca arundinum]])'', [[Springbok|springbok]], [[Steenbok|steenbok]] ''([[Raphicerus campestris]])'', [[Springhare]]s ''([[Pedetes capensis]])'', [[jackals]], [[foxes]], [[monkeys]], [[squirrels]], [[Common Eland|eland]] ''([[Taurotragus oryx]])'' , [[Gemsbok|gemsbok]] ''([[Oryx gazella]])'' and [[zebra]].<ref name=Tourism/><ref name=Lonely/><ref name="McIntyre2010"/><ref name="OlivierOlivier1998"/>
Other wildlife faunal species reported are: the [[antelope]], [[hartebeest]] ''([[Alcelaphus buselaphus]])'', [[Lesser kudu|kudu]] ''(Tragelaphus imberbis)'', [[Southern reedbuck|reedbuck]] ''(Redunca arundinum)'', [[springbok]], [[steenbok]] ''(Raphicerus campestris)'', [[springhare]] ''(Pedetes capensis)'', jackals, foxes, monkeys, squirrels, [[Common eland|eland]] ''(Taurotragus oryx)'', [[gemsbok]] ''(Oryx gazella)'' and [[zebra]].<ref name=Tourism/><ref name="McIntyre2010"/><ref name=Lonely/><ref name="OlivierOlivier1998"/>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|35em}}

[[Category:Protected areas of Botswana]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1993]]
[[Category:Bird sanctuaries]]

Latest revision as of 23:07, 22 July 2022

Nata Bird Sanctuary
Pelicans in the Nata Bird Sanctuary
Map showing the location of Nata Bird Sanctuary
Map showing the location of Nata Bird Sanctuary
Location Botswana
Nearest cityNata
Coordinates20°20′08.48″S 26°15′12.33″E / 20.3356889°S 26.2534250°E / -20.3356889; 26.2534250
Area230
Established1993

The Nata Bird Sanctuary, the only protected reserve in the northeastern periphery of Sowa Pan in Botswana, is a community-managed project, with assistance from the Nata Conservation Committee and national and international organizations. Founded in 1988, it opened for operations in 1993; it encompasses an area of 230 square kilometres (89 sq mi), with the objective of conservation of wildlife. The community project is managed by a Trust titled the "Kalahari Conservation Society", which has members drawn from the four villages of Nata, Sepako, Maposa and Manxotae in the vicinity of the sanctuary.[1][2][3][4]

The prominent wildlife species in the sanctuary are reported to number 165 bird species.[4] The sanctuary is of international importance due to its population of 250,000 lesser flamingo (Phoenicopterus minor) and greater flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus), which visit the sanctuary every year during the winter period to breed, after the rainy season, when the water sources are full.[5][6]

The community-initiated sanctuary received the coveted "Tourism for Tomorrow" award for the Southern Hemisphere in the first year it opened, in 1993.[3]

Geography

[edit]

The Nata sanctuary is situated at the mouth of the Nata River delta, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the Nata village at the northeastern border of the Sua Pan (salt pan) within the larger Makgadikgadi.[1][7] The Makgadikgadi Pans Landscape, located in the Central Kalahari Game Reserve to the southeast of the Okavango Delta, is the most important of natural habitats. It covers wild life conservation parks such as the Makgadikgadi National Park and the Nxai Pan National Park, apart from the Nata Bird Sanctuary, which is "one of the largest breeding sites of Lesser and Greater flamingo in the world."[8]

This region was inhabited by the Nata, Sepako, Maposa and Manxotae communities, who grazed their 3500 and odd cattle in the area. The villagers were persuaded to move their cattle so that a securely fenced sanctuary could be established covering an area of 230 square kilometres (89 sq mi); 45% of the sanctuary lies in the Sua Pan.[2][6]

A raised wooden platform within the sanctuary provides vistas of the Sua salt pan and the rich bird life of the sanctuary.[2] The roads within the sanctuary are now well maintained. Some areas of the park, where black "cotton" soils are found, can pose problems for road transport during the rainy season.[1]

History

[edit]

The Nata Conservation Committee began planning in 1988 to establish a bird sanctuary in the delta of the Nata River, to conserve and preserve the wild life, particularly the bird species. These dominate the Sua Pan at the mouth of the Nata River; it is an ephemeral stream bordering the Sua Pan. The Kalahari Conservation Society, with funds contributed by national and international organisations, is credited with ensuring voluntary participation of the local people. The local people not only relocated their cattle of about 3,500 heads to adjacent land but also built a network of dirt roads.[1][4]

Nata Bird Sanctuary, now one of the three breeding grounds of flamingos in Africa, is the largest.[9] It has been recognized by UNESCO as one of the “largest breeding sites of lesser and greater flamingo in the world” and a site of international importance.[5][8]

Fauna

[edit]
African fish eagle

Among the wild life species noted in the sanctuary are 165 bird species. Other species of wild life are also reported, though of limited numbers.[1]

Avifauna

[edit]
Great white pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus)

The bird sanctuary has about 165 species of birds; the lesser and greater flamingos, great white pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus) and pink-backed pelican (Pelecanus rufescens) are the most dominant species, they arrive annually in large numbers as part of their migration during the winter season.[1] Some of the other notable bird species recorded are: avocet, blackwinged stilt (Himantopus himantopus), blacksmith lapwing (Vanellus armatus), black-necked grebe (Podiceps nigricollis), bustards, carmine, darters, African fish eagle (Haliaeetus vocifer), geese, korhaans, pied kingfisher (Ceryle rudis), black-chested snake-eagle (Circaetus pectoralis), blue-cheeked bee-eater (Merops persicus), Cape teal (Anas capensis), kori bustard (Ardeotis kori), blue-billed teal (Spatula hottentota), martial eagle (Polemaetus bellicosus), red-knobbed coot, (Fulica cristata), secretarybird (Sagittarius serpentarius), spoonbills, and white-faced whistling duck (Dendrocygna viduata).[3][4][6]

The birds migrate from Etosha, in the border state of Namibia. Greater flamingos feed on brine shrimps (Artemia), worms and tiny crustaceans, while the lesser flamingos feed on algae; all are plentiful in the warm shallow waters of salt pans.[8][10]

Other fauna

[edit]

Other wildlife faunal species reported are: the antelope, hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus), kudu (Tragelaphus imberbis), reedbuck (Redunca arundinum), springbok, steenbok (Raphicerus campestris), springhare (Pedetes capensis), jackals, foxes, monkeys, squirrels, eland (Taurotragus oryx), gemsbok (Oryx gazella) and zebra.[1][3][4][6]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g "Officialwebsite of Botswana Tourism Organization". 2006.
  2. ^ a b c "Nata Bird Sanctuary". Bushways.com. Archived from the original on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
  3. ^ a b c d Chris McIntyre (2010). Botswana: Okavango Delta, Chobe, Northern Kalahari. Bradt Travel Guides. pp. 387–. ISBN 978-1-84162-308-5. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Lonely Planet review for Nata Bird Sanctuary". Lonelyplanet.com. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
  5. ^ a b Air Botswana (2006). Peolwane. Imprint Botswana. p. 18. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d Willie Olivier; Sandra Olivier (August 1998). Overland Through Southern Africa. Struik. pp. 90–. ISBN 978-1-86872-105-4. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
  7. ^ Burgess, Neil D. (29 November 2004). Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment. Island Press. p. 338. ISBN 978-1-55963-364-2. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  8. ^ a b c "World Heritage Convention: Makgadikgadi Pans Landscape". Unesco.org. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
  9. ^ "Conservation through Utilization" (PDF). Protea Eco Adventures. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
  10. ^ "Sowa Pan". Official website of Botswana Tourism. 2006. Archived from the original on 20 February 2011. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
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