Leukotriene C4 synthase: Difference between revisions

LTC4S
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4JRZ, 2PNO, 2UUH, 2UUI, 3B29, 3HKK, 3LEO, 3PCV, 4J7T, 4J7Y, 4JC7, 4JCZ, 5HV9, 4WAB
Identifiers
Aliases	LTC4S, entrez:4056, Leukotriene C4 synthase
External IDs	OMIM: 246530; MGI: 107498; HomoloGene: 7406; GeneCards: LTC4S; OMA:LTC4S - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (human)
End	179,796,647 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	50,129,443 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right uterine tube; ; testicle; ; apex of heart; ; right coronary artery; ; left uterine tube; ; right auricle; ; left coronary artery; ; right adrenal cortex; ; olfactory zone of nasal mucosa; ; right hemisphere of cerebellum;
	Top expressed in
	choroid plexus of fourth ventricle; ; lactiferous gland; ; white adipose tissue; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; brown adipose tissue; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; right kidney; ; embryo; ; primary oocyte; ; Epithelium of choroid plexus;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	leukotriene-C4 synthase activity; glutathione peroxidase activity; protein binding; lyase activity; enzyme activator activity; lipid binding; identical protein binding; glutathione transferase activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; membrane; nuclear envelope; endoplasmic reticulum; nuclear outer membrane; nucleus; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; endoplasmic reticulum membrane;
Biological process	positive regulation of catalytic activity; leukotriene biosynthetic process; cellular oxidant detoxification; leukotriene metabolic process; long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process; lipoxygenase pathway; lipoxin biosynthetic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	4056
	17001
	ENSG00000283887; ENSG00000213316
	ENSMUSG00000020377
	Q16873
	Q60860
	NM_145867; NM_000897
	NM_008521; NM_001313968
	NP_665874
	NP_001300897; NP_032547
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Latest revision as of 10:11, 17 October 2022

Leukotriene C4 synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LTC4S gene.^[5]^[6]

The protein encoded by this gene, LTC4S (or glutathione S-transferase II) is an enzyme that converts leukotriene A4 and glutathione to create leukotriene C4. This is a member of MAPEG family of transmembrane proteins. A trimer of Leukotriene C4 synthase is localized on the outer nuclear membrane and endoplasmic reticulum, where it forms a complex with 5-Lipoxygenase-activating protein. This protein is remotely related to microsomal glutathione S-transferase.

Function

The MAPEG (Membrane-Associated Proteins in Eicosanoid and Glutathione metabolism) family includes a number of human proteins, several of which are involved the production of leukotrienes. This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes, potent biological compounds derived from arachidonic acid. Leukotrienes have been implicated as mediators of anaphylaxis and inflammatory conditions such as human bronchial asthma. This protein localizes to the nuclear envelope and adjacent endoplasmic reticulum.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ENSG00000213316 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000283887, ENSG00000213316 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020377 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Lam BK, Penrose JF, Freeman GJ, Austen KF (Sep 1994). "Expression cloning of a cDNA for human leukotriene C4 synthase, an integral membrane protein conjugating reduced glutathione to leukotriene A4". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 91 (16): 7663–7. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91.7663L. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.16.7663. PMC 44462. PMID 8052639.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: LTC4S leukotriene C4 synthase".

External links

leukotriene-C4+synthase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
UMich Orientation of Proteins in Membranes families/superfamily-199 - Eicosanoid and Glutathione metabolism protein family (MAPEG)

This lyase article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] ENSG00000213316 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000283887, ENSG00000213316 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020377 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8052639-5] Lam BK, Penrose JF, Freeman GJ, Austen KF (Sep 1994). "Expression cloning of a cDNA for human leukotriene C4 synthase, an integral membrane protein conjugating reduced glutathione to leukotriene A4". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 91 (16): 7663–7. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91.7663L. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.16.7663. PMC 44462. PMID 8052639.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: LTC4S leukotriene C4 synthase".

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
-{{protein
+{{Infobox_gene}}
-|Name=leukotriene C4 synthase
+'''Leukotriene C4 synthase''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''LTC4S'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8052639">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lam BK, Penrose JF, Freeman GJ, Austen KF | title = Expression cloning of a cDNA for human leukotriene C4 synthase, an integral membrane protein conjugating reduced glutathione to leukotriene A4 | journal = Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A | volume = 91 | issue = 16 | pages = 7663–7 |date=Sep 1994 | pmid = 8052639 | pmc = 44462 | doi =10.1073/pnas.91.16.7663  | bibcode = 1994PNAS...91.7663L | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: LTC4S leukotriene C4 synthase| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4056}}</ref>
-|caption=
-|image=
-|width=
-|HGNCid=6719
-|Symbol=LTC4S
-|AltSymbols=
-|EntrezGene=4056
-|OMIM=246530
-|RefSeq=NM_000897
-|UniProt=Q16873
-|PDB=
-|ECnumber=4.4.1.20
-|Chromosome=5
-|Arm=q
-|Band=35
-|LocusSupplementaryData=
-}}
-'''Leukotriene C4 synthase''' (or '''glutathione S-transferase II''') is an enzyme which converts [[leukotriene A4]] and [[glutathione]] to create [[leukotriene C4]].
+The protein encoded by this gene, LTC4S (or '''glutathione S-transferase II''') is an enzyme that converts [[leukotriene A4]] and [[glutathione]] to create [[leukotriene C4]]. This is a member of [[MAPEG family]] of [[transmembrane protein]]s.  A trimer of Leukotriene C4 synthase is localized on the outer [[nuclear membrane]] and [[endoplasmic reticulum]], where it forms a complex with [[5-Lipoxygenase-activating protein]].  This protein is remotely related to microsomal [[glutathione S-transferase]].
-[[Image:Eicosanoid synthesis.svg|thumb|center|320px|Eicosanoid synthesis. (Leukotrienes at right.)]]
+== Function ==
+The [[MAPEG family|MAPEG]] (Membrane-Associated Proteins in Eicosanoid and Glutathione metabolism) family includes a number of human proteins, several of which are involved the production of [[leukotriene]]s. This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of [[Leukotriene#Role of cysteinyl leukotrienes|cysteinyl leukotrienes]], potent biological compounds derived from [[arachidonic acid]]. Leukotrienes have been implicated as mediators of [[anaphylaxis]] and inflammatory conditions such as human [[bronchial asthma]]. This protein localizes to the [[nuclear envelope]] and adjacent [[endoplasmic reticulum]].<ref name="entrez"/>
+{|
+|[[Image:Eicosanoid synthesis.svg|thumb|right|320px|Eicosanoid synthesis. (Leukotrienes at right.)]]
+|}
+==References==
+{{reflist}}
+==Further reading==
+{{refbegin | 2}}
+*{{cite journal  | author=Penrose JF |title=LTC4 synthase. Enzymology, biochemistry, and molecular characterization |journal=Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology |volume=17 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 133–52 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10436863 |doi=10.1007/BF02737601  |s2cid=34121294 }}
+*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Penrose JF, Austen KF |title=The biochemical, molecular, and genomic aspects of leukotriene C4 synthase |journal=Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians |volume=111 |issue= 6 |pages= 537–46 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10591082 |doi=10.1046/j.1525-1381.1999.99212.x  }}
+*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Jakobsson PJ, Morgenstern R, Mancini J, etal |title=Membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism (MAPEG). A widespread protein superfamily |journal=Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. |volume=161 |issue= 2 Pt 2 |pages= S20–4 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10673221 |doi=  10.1164/ajrccm.161.supplement_1.ltta-5}}
+*{{cite journal  | author=Bigby TD |title=The leukotriene C(4) synthase gene and asthma |journal=Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. |volume=23 |issue= 3 |pages= 273–6 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10970815 |doi=  10.1165/ajrcmb.23.3.f197}}
+*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Penrose JF, Gagnon L, Goppelt-Struebe M, etal |title=Purification of human leukotriene C4 synthase |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=89 |issue= 23 |pages= 11603–6 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1454853 |doi=10.1073/pnas.89.23.11603  | pmc=50601  |doi-access=free }}
+*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Nicholson DW, Ali A, Klemba MW, etal |title=Human leukotriene C4 synthase expression in dimethyl sulfoxide-differentiated U937 cells |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=267 |issue= 25 |pages= 17849–57 |year= 1992 |doi=10.1016/S0021-9258(19)37121-2 |pmid= 1517222 |doi-access=free }}
+*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Penrose JF, Spector J, Lam BK, etal |title=Purification of human lung leukotriene C4 synthase and preparation of a polyclonal antibody |journal=Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. |volume=152 |issue= 1 |pages= 283–9 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7599836 |doi=  10.1164/ajrccm.152.1.7599836}}
+*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Söderström M, Morgenstern R, Hammarström S |title=Protein-protein interaction affinity chromatography of leukotriene C4 synthase |journal=Protein Expr. Purif. |volume=6 |issue= 3 |pages= 352–6 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7663172 |doi= 10.1006/prep.1995.1046 }}
+*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Welsch DJ, Creely DP, Hauser SD, etal |title=Molecular cloning and expression of human leukotriene-C4 synthase |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=91 |issue= 21 |pages= 9745–9 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7937884 |doi=10.1073/pnas.91.21.9745  | pmc=44893  |bibcode=1994PNAS...91.9745W |doi-access=free }}
+*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Nicholson DW, Ali A, Vaillancourt JP, etal |title=Purification to homogeneity and the N-terminal sequence of human leukotriene C4 synthase: a homodimeric glutathione S-transferase composed of 18-kDa subunits |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=90 |issue= 5 |pages= 2015–9 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8446623 |doi=10.1073/pnas.90.5.2015  | pmc=46011  |bibcode=1993PNAS...90.2015N |doi-access=free }}
+*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Penrose JF, Spector J, Baldasaro M, etal |title=Molecular cloning of the gene for human leukotriene C4 synthase. Organization, nucleotide sequence, and chromosomal localization to 5q35 |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 19 |pages= 11356–61 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8626689 |doi=  10.1074/jbc.271.19.11356|doi-access=free }}
+*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Bigby TD, Hodulik CR, Arden KC, Fu L |title=Molecular cloning of the human leukotriene C4 synthase gene and assignment to chromosome 5q35 |journal=Mol. Med. |volume=2 |issue= 5 |pages= 637–46 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8898379 |doi=  10.1007/BF03401647| pmc=2230200  }}
+*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Scoggan KA, Jakobsson PJ, Ford-Hutchinson AW |title=Production of leukotriene C4 in different human tissues is attributable to distinct membrane bound biosynthetic enzymes |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 15 |pages= 10182–7 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9092565 |doi=10.1074/jbc.272.15.10182  |doi-access=free }}
+*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Sala A, Folco G, Henson PM, Murphy RC |title=Pharmacological modulation of human platelet leukotriene C4-synthase |journal=Biochem. Pharmacol. |volume=53 |issue= 6 |pages= 905–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9113110 |doi=10.1016/S0006-2952(96)00819-2  }}
+*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Spanbroek R, Stark HJ, Janssen-Timmen U, etal |title=5-Lipoxygenase expression in Langerhans cells of normal human epidermis |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=95 |issue= 2 |pages= 663–8 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9435249 |doi=10.1073/pnas.95.2.663  | pmc=18477  |bibcode=1998PNAS...95..663S |doi-access=free }}
+{{refend}}
 ==External links==
 * {{MeshName|leukotriene-C4+synthase}}
+* {{UMichOPM|families|superfamily|199}} - Eicosanoid and Glutathione metabolism protein family (MAPEG)
-{{enzyme-stub}}
 {{Carbon-sulfur lyases}}
+{{Metabolism of complex lipids}}
-{{Lipid metabolism enzymes}}
+{{Leukotrienergics}}
+[[Category:Transmembrane proteins]]
+{{lyase-stub}}
-[[Category:transmembrane proteins]]

v t e Metabolism: lipid metabolism – eicosanoid metabolism enzymes
Precursor	Phospholipase A2 Phospholipase C Diacylglycerol lipase
Prostanoids	Cyclooxygenase PTGS1 PTGS2 PGD2 synthase PGE synthase Prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase PGI2 synthase TXA synthase
Leukotrienes	5-Lipoxygenase activating protein/Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase LTA4 hydrolase (B4 synthesis) LTC4 synthase Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase LTD4 hydrolase
Ungrouped	HPGD