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{{short description|German politician}}
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{{Infobox Officeholder
{{for|the professor of classical studies|Peter Struck (classicist)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
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{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Peter Struck
|name = Peter Struck
|image = Peter Struck-2010-01.jpg
|image = Peter Struck-2010-01.jpg
|imagesize = 200px
|imagesize =
|caption = Struck in 2010
|caption = Struck in 2010

⚫
|office = [[Federal Minister of Defence (Germany)|German Federal Minister of Defence]]
⚫
|office = Leader of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]] in the [[Bundestag]]
⚫
|term_start = 19 July 2002
|term_end = 22 November 2005
|term_start = 22 November 2005
⚫
|term_end = 27 September 2009
⚫
|chancellor = [[Gerhard Schröder]]
|1blankname = {{nowrap|Chief Whip}}
⚫
|predecessor = [[Rudolf Scharping]]
|1namedata = [[Olaf Scholz]] <br> [[Thomas Oppermann]]
⚫
|successor = [[Franz-Josef Jung]]
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|predecessor = [[Franz Müntefering]]
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|office2= Chairman of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]] Parliamentary Group in the [[Bundestag]]
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|successor = [[Frank-Walter Steinmeier]]
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|term_start2 = 27 October 1998

⚫
|term_end2 = 19 July 2002
⚫
|term_start1 = 27 October 1998
|chancellor2 = [[Gerhard Schröder]]
⚫
|term_end1 = 19 July 2002
⚫
|predecessor2 = [[Rudolf Scharping]]
|1blankname1 = {{nowrap|Chief Whip}}
|successor2 = [[Ludwig Stiegler]]
|1namedata1 = Wilhelm Schmidt
⚫
|term_start3 = 22 November 2005
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|predecessor1 = [[Rudolf Scharping]]
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|term_end3 = 27 September 2009
|chancellor3 = [[Angela Merkel]]
|successor1 = [[Ludwig Stiegler]]

⚫
|predecessor3 = [[Franz Müntefering]]
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|office2 = [[Federal Minister of Defence (Germany)|Federal Minister of Defence]]
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|successor3 = [[Frank-Walter Steinmeier]]
⚫
|term_start2 = 19 July 2002
⚫
|term_end2 = 22 November 2005
⚫
|chancellor2 = [[Gerhard Schröder]]
⚫
|predecessor2 = [[Rudolf Scharping]]
⚫
|successor2 = [[Franz-Josef Jung]]

|office3 = Member of the [[Bundestag]]<br/>for [[Celle – Uelzen]]
|term_start3 = 27 September 1998
|term_end3 = 27 September 2009
|predecessor3 = Klaus-Jürgen Hedrich
|successor3 = [[Henning Otte]]

|office4 = Member of the [[Bundestag]]<br>for [[Lower Saxony]]
|term_start4 = 5 October 1980
|term_end4 = 27 September 1998
|constituency4 = [[Electoral system of Germany|Social Democratic Party List]]

|birth_date = {{birth date|1943|01|24|df=y}}
|birth_date = {{birth date|1943|01|24|df=y}}
|birth_place = [[Göttingen]], [[Lower Saxony]]
|birth_place = [[Göttingen]], [[Lower Saxony]], Germany
|death_date = {{death date and age|2012|12|19|1943|01|24|df=y}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|2012|12|19|1943|01|24|df=y}}
|death_place = [[Berlin]]
|death_place = [[Berlin]], Germany
|nationality = Germany
|party = [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]]
|party = [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Göttingen]]<br>[[University of Hamburg]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Göttingen]]<br />[[University of Hamburg]]
|profession = [[Lawyer]]
|profession = [[Lawyer]]
|religion =
|religion =
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|website =
|website =
}}
}}
'''Peter Struck''' (24 January 1943 – 19 December 2012) was the German [[Minister of Defence (Germany)|Minister of Defence]] under [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|chancellor]] [[Gerhard Schröder]] from 22 October 2002 until 2005. A [[lawyer]], Struck was a member of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]].
'''Peter Struck''' (24 January 1943 – 19 December 2012) was the German [[Minister of Defence (Germany)|Minister of Defence]] under [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|chancellor]] [[Gerhard Schröder]] from 2002 to 2005. A [[lawyer]], Struck was a member of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party]].


==Education==
==Education==
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==Political career==
==Political career==
Peter Struck was a member of the [[Bundestag]] from 1980 until 2009. He first became a member of the [[Bundestag]] in the [[West German federal election, 1980|1980 West German elections]], via the party list, for the constituency of Celle-Uelzen. Due to his growing popularity, in the years 1998, 2002 and 2005, Struck was directly elected.<ref>David Childs (January 2, 2013), [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-struck-politician-who-lost-faith-in-the-afghan-campaign-8435916.html Peter Struck: Politician who lost faith in the Afghan campaign] ''[[The Independent]]''.</ref> From 1990 to 1998 he was [[Whip (politics)|whip]] (''Parlamentarischer Geschäftsführer'') of the SPD parliamentary group. From 1998 to 2002 he was chairman of the SPD parliamentary group.
Peter Struck was a member of the [[Bundestag]] from 1980 until 2009. He first became a member of the [[Bundestag]] in the [[1980 West German federal election|1980 West German elections]], via the party list, for the constituency of Celle-Uelzen. Due to his growing popularity, in the years 1998, 2002 and 2005, Struck was directly elected.<ref>David Childs (2 January 2013), [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-struck-politician-who-lost-faith-in-the-afghan-campaign-8435916.html Peter Struck: Politician who lost faith in the Afghan campaign] ''[[The Independent]]''.</ref> From 1990 to 1998 he was [[Whip (politics)|whip]] (''Parlamentarischer Geschäftsführer'') of the SPD parliamentary group. From 1998 to 2002 he was chairman of the SPD parliamentary group.


===Federal Minister of Defence, 2002-2005===
===Federal Minister of Defence, 2002-2005===
In 2002 Struck succeeded [[Rudolf Scharping]] as [[Federal Ministry of Defence (Germany)|Federal Minister of Defence]], and served in that position until 2005.
In 2002 Struck succeeded [[Rudolf Scharping]] as [[Federal Ministry of Defence (Germany)|Federal Minister of Defence]], and served in that position until 2005.


During Struck’s tenure, Germany was trying to revamp its military into a nimbler fighting force capable of responding to smaller, regional conflicts.<ref>Craig S. Smith (January 14, 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/14/world/germany-to-overhaul-military-and-reduce-defense-spending.html Germany to Overhaul Military And Reduce Defense Spending] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref> While being a strong supporter of conscription,<ref>[http://www.dw.de/new-german-defence-chief-faces-uphill-task/a-596146-1 New German Defence Chief Faces Uphill Task] ''[[Deutsche Welle]]'', July 23, 2002.</ref> Struck announced in 2003 that Germany would reduce its military by more than 10 percent by 2010, leaving 250,000 troops. Also, he ordered a reduction in Germany's inventory of heavy [[Leopard 2]] tanks from almost 2,000 to 350.<ref>Konstantin von Hammerstein and Alexander Szandar (September 6, 2006), [http://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/too-many-missions-too-little-money-germany-s-army-feels-the-pinch-a-435368.html Too Many Missions, Too Little Money: Germany's Army Feels the Pinch] ''[[Spiegel Online]]''.</ref> At the time, he said the cuts were necessary because of strained finances and a need to adapt to new security needs;<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/03/world/world-briefing-europe-germany-military-cutbacks.html Germany: Military Cutbacks] ''[[New York Times]]'', October 3, 2003.</ref> in 2003, he had to work with a defence budget of a mere 1.48 percent of Germany’s gross domestic product, compared with the 2 percent average of his European Union counterparts.<ref>[http://www.dw.de/new-german-defence-chief-faces-uphill-task/a-596146-1 New German Defence Chief Faces Uphill Task] ''[[Deutsche Welle]]'', July 23, 2002.</ref> Under Struck’s plan, the military's civilian work force was to be reduced by 45,000, to 75,000, and as many as 100 military bases closed.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/03/world/world-briefing-europe-germany-military-cutbacks.html Germany: Military Cutbacks] ''[[New York Times]]'', October 3, 2003.</ref><ref>Craig S. Smith (January 14, 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/14/world/germany-to-overhaul-military-and-reduce-defense-spending.html Germany to Overhaul Military And Reduce Defense Spending] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>
During Struck's tenure, Germany was trying to revamp its military into a nimbler fighting force capable of responding to smaller, regional conflicts.<ref>Craig S. Smith (14 January 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/14/world/germany-to-overhaul-military-and-reduce-defense-spending.html Germany to Overhaul Military And Reduce Defense Spending] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref> While being a strong supporter of conscription,<ref>[http://www.dw.de/new-german-defence-chief-faces-uphill-task/a-596146-1 New German Defence Chief Faces Uphill Task] ''[[Deutsche Welle]]'', 23 July 2002.</ref> Struck announced in 2003 that Germany would reduce its military by more than 10 percent by 2010, leaving 250,000 troops. Also, he ordered a reduction in Germany's inventory of heavy [[Leopard 2]] tanks from almost 2,000 to 350.<ref>Konstantin von Hammerstein and Alexander Szandar (6 September 2006), [http://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/too-many-missions-too-little-money-germany-s-army-feels-the-pinch-a-435368.html Too Many Missions, Too Little Money: Germany's Army Feels the Pinch] ''[[Spiegel Online]]''.</ref> At the time, he said the cuts were necessary because of strained finances and a need to adapt to new security needs;<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/03/world/world-briefing-europe-germany-military-cutbacks.html Germany: Military Cutbacks] ''[[New York Times]]'', 3 October 2003.</ref> in 2003, he had to work with a defence budget of a mere 1.48 percent of Germany's gross domestic product, compared with the 2 percent average of his European Union counterparts.<ref>[http://www.dw.de/new-german-defence-chief-faces-uphill-task/a-596146-1 New German Defence Chief Faces Uphill Task] ''[[Deutsche Welle]]'', 23 July 2002.</ref> Under Struck's plan, the military's civilian work force was to be reduced by 45,000, to 75,000, and as many as 100 military bases closed.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/03/world/world-briefing-europe-germany-military-cutbacks.html Germany: Military Cutbacks] ''[[New York Times]]'', 3 October 2003.</ref><ref>Craig S. Smith (14 January 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/14/world/germany-to-overhaul-military-and-reduce-defense-spending.html Germany to Overhaul Military And Reduce Defense Spending] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>


During his time at the Defence Ministry, Struck oversaw the early years of Germany's engagement in Afghanistan, famously coining the phrase that "German security is being defended in the Hindu Kush".<ref>David Childs (January 2, 2013), [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-struck-politician-who-lost-faith-in-the-afghan-campaign-8435916.html Peter Struck: Politician who lost faith in the Afghan campaign] ''[[The Independent]]''.</ref> In 2004, he said “there will be a clear no from the German side” to any request to place the [[NATO]]-led [[International Security Assistance Force]] and [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] under a unified command, expressing fears a unified command could be a step towards merging the two forces and that political opposition and military dangers could increase if their soldiers were identified with the US-led coalition.<ref>Daniel Dombey, Rainer Koch and Victoria Burnett (October 14, 2004), [http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/7e8b55ae-1e0d-11d9-82ec-00000e2511c8.html Differences over Afghan roles cloud Nato talks] ''[[Financial Times]]''.</ref>
During his time at the Defence Ministry, Struck oversaw the early years of Germany's engagement in Afghanistan, famously coining the phrase that "German security is being defended in the Hindu Kush".<ref>David Childs (2 January 2013), [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-struck-politician-who-lost-faith-in-the-afghan-campaign-8435916.html Peter Struck: Politician who lost faith in the Afghan campaign] ''[[The Independent]]''.</ref> In 2004, he said “there will be a clear no from the German side” to any request to place the [[NATO]]-led [[International Security Assistance Force]] and [[Operation Enduring Freedom]] under a unified command, expressing fears a unified command could be a step towards merging the two forces and that political opposition and military dangers could increase if their soldiers were identified with the US-led coalition.<ref>Daniel Dombey, Rainer Koch and Victoria Burnett (14 October 2004), [http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/7e8b55ae-1e0d-11d9-82ec-00000e2511c8.html Differences over Afghan roles cloud Nato talks] ''[[Financial Times]]''.</ref>


After Germany joined with France in April 2003 to announce the creation of a European Union defense group with a military planning unit separate from NATO, Struck later held that no separate headquarters was necessary and that a planning staff for eventual operations under solely European auspices should be attached to NATO.<ref>John Vinocur (October 28, 2003), [https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/28/news/28iht-nato.html Germany moves to allay U.S. fears on EU defense] ''[[International Herald Tribune]]''.</ref>
After Germany joined with France in April 2003 to announce the creation of a European Union defense group with a military planning unit separate from NATO, Struck later held that no separate headquarters was necessary and that a planning staff for eventual operations under solely European auspices should be attached to NATO.<ref>John Vinocur (28 October 2003), [https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/28/news/28iht-nato.html Germany moves to allay U.S. fears on EU defense] ''[[International Herald Tribune]]''.</ref>


In 2003, Struck dismissed General Reinhard Günzel, the commander of a German special forces army unit, after he praised [[Martin Hohmann]], a conservative member of Parliament, for a speech that had been widely criticized as anti-Semitic; Struck called Günzel a "lone, confused general who agreed with an even more confused statement."<ref>Richard Bernstein (November 5, 2003), [https://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/05/world/german-general-fired-for-backing-slur-on-jews.html German General Fired for Backing Slur on Jews] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>
In 2003, Struck dismissed General Reinhard Günzel, the commander of a German special forces army unit, after he praised [[Martin Hohmann]], a conservative member of Parliament, for a speech that had been widely criticized as anti-Semitic; Struck called Günzel a "lone, confused general who agreed with an even more confused statement."<ref>Richard Bernstein (5 November 2003), [https://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/05/world/german-general-fired-for-backing-slur-on-jews.html German General Fired for Backing Slur on Jews] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>


After accusations began appearing in the German press that conscripts in the German Army had been physically abused by trainers at some of the country’s army bases, Struck announced in December 2004 that 30 or 40 trainers were being investigated.<ref>Richard Bernstein (December 2, 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/02/international/europe/02germany.html Charges of Mistreatment of German Draftees Are Investigated] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>
After accusations began appearing in the German press that conscripts in the German Army had been physically abused by trainers at some of the country's army bases, Struck announced in December 2004 that 30 or 40 trainers were being investigated.<ref>Richard Bernstein (2 December 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/02/international/europe/02germany.html Charges of Mistreatment of German Draftees Are Investigated] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>


Following a 2004 trip to the Middle East and the Horn of Africa, Struck was hospitalized with a mild stroke.<ref>Victor Homola (June 11, 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/11/world/world-briefing-europe-germany-defense-minister-hospitalized.html Germany: Defense Minister Hospitalized] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref><ref>Mark Landler (August 18, 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/18/world/schroder-s-bond-with-russia-a-little-girl-now-his-own.html Schröder's Bond With Russia: A Little Girl, Now His Own] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>
Following a 2004 trip to the Middle East and the Horn of Africa, Struck was hospitalized with a mild stroke.<ref>Victor Homola (11 June 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/11/world/world-briefing-europe-germany-defense-minister-hospitalized.html Germany: Defense Minister Hospitalized] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref><ref>Mark Landler (18 August 2004), [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/18/world/schroder-s-bond-with-russia-a-little-girl-now-his-own.html Schröder's Bond With Russia: A Little Girl, Now His Own] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>


===Chairman of the SPD Parliamentary Group, 2005-2009===
===Chairman of the SPD Parliamentary Group, 2005-2009===
After the [[German federal elections, 2005|2005 elections]], Struck became ''Fraktionschef'' (chairman) of the SPD parliamentary group once again, until his retirement in 2009.
After the [[2005 German federal elections|2005 elections]], Struck became ''Fraktionschef'' (chairman) of the SPD parliamentary group once again, until his retirement in 2009.


Between 2007 and 2009, Struck served as co-chair (alongside [[Günther Oettinger]]) of the [[Federalism commission (Germany)|Second Commission on the modernization of the federal state]] (''Föderalismuskommission II''), which had been established to reform the division of powers between federal and state authorities in Germany.
Between 2007 and 2009, Struck served as co-chair (alongside [[Günther Oettinger]]) of the [[Federalism commission (Germany)|Second Commission on the modernization of the federal state]] (''Föderalismuskommission II''), which had been established to reform the division of powers between federal and state authorities in Germany.


After retiring from active politics following the [[German federal election, 2009|2009 elections]], Struck served as chairman of the [[Friedrich Ebert Foundation]], a political think tank with connections to the SPD.
After retiring from active politics following the [[2009 German federal election|2009 elections]], Struck served as chairman of the [[Friedrich Ebert Foundation]], a political think tank with connections to the SPD.


==Death==
==Death==
Struck suffered from poor health in the last several years of his career and died of a heart attack in the [[Charité]] hospital in Berlin on 19 December 2012.<ref>David Childs (January 2, 2013), [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-struck-politician-who-lost-faith-in-the-afghan-campaign-8435916.html Peter Struck: Politician who lost faith in the Afghan campaign] ''[[The Independent]]''.</ref> Funeral guests included the [[President of the Bundestag]], [[Norbert Lammert]], former chancellors [[Helmut Schmidt]] and [[Gerhard Schröder]], the [[List of Ministers-President of North Rhine-Westphalia|Minister-President]] of [[North Rhine-Westphalia]] [[Hannelore Kraft]], SPD chairman [[Sigmar Gabriel]], former Finance Minister [[Peer Steinbrück]], and the chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group in the [[Bundestag]], [[Volker Kauder]]. [[Thomas de Maizière]], [[Frank-Walter Steinmeier]] and [[General officer|General]] [[Wolfgang Schneiderhan (general)|Wolfgang Schneiderhan]] gave eulogies.<ref>[http://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/beerdigung-von-peter-struck-frank-walter-steinmeier-peter-wir-werden-dich-vermissen_aid_891247.html Frank-Walter Steinmeier: „Peter, wir werden Dich vermissen“] ''[[Focus (German magazine)|Focus]]'', January 3, 2013.</ref>
Struck suffered from poor health in the last several years of his career and died of a heart attack in the [[Charité]] hospital in Berlin on 19 December 2012.<ref>David Childs (2 January 2013), [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-struck-politician-who-lost-faith-in-the-afghan-campaign-8435916.html Peter Struck: Politician who lost faith in the Afghan campaign] ''[[The Independent]]''.</ref> Funeral guests included the [[President of the Bundestag]], [[Norbert Lammert]], former chancellors [[Helmut Schmidt]] and [[Gerhard Schröder]], the [[List of Ministers-President of North Rhine-Westphalia|Minister-President]] of [[North Rhine-Westphalia]] [[Hannelore Kraft]], SPD chairman [[Sigmar Gabriel]], former Finance Minister [[Peer Steinbrück]], and the chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group in the [[Bundestag]], [[Volker Kauder]]. [[Thomas de Maizière]], [[Frank-Walter Steinmeier]] and [[General officer|General]] [[Wolfgang Schneiderhan (general)|Wolfgang Schneiderhan]] gave eulogies.<ref>[http://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/beerdigung-von-peter-struck-frank-walter-steinmeier-peter-wir-werden-dich-vermissen_aid_891247.html Frank-Walter Steinmeier: „Peter, wir werden Dich vermissen“] ''[[Focus (German magazine)|Focus]]'', 3 January 2013.</ref>


==Controversies==
==Controversies==
When an elderly man was severely beaten up in [[Munich]] by two [[immigrant]] youths, Struck claimed that his political opponent, [[Roland Koch]], was probably happy for the beating because now Koch could start a supposedly polemic discussion about problems with young violent immigrants. When Koch demanded an apology, Struck replied "Bite me!". In a Parliament debate some days later, Jürgen Gehb, CDU Speaker for law politics, said that "we will try to continue working with you, but with minimal contact to your backside".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dn.se/DNet/jsp/polopoly.jsp?d=148&a=733148|title=En kaensler utan nyheter}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/0,1518,529098,00.html|title=Gewaltdebatte im Bundestag}}</ref>
When an elderly man was severely beaten up in [[Munich]] by two [[immigrant]] youths, Struck claimed that his political opponent, [[Roland Koch]], was probably happy for the beating because now Koch could start a supposedly polemic discussion about problems with young violent immigrants. When Koch demanded an apology, Struck replied "Bite me!". In a Parliament debate some days later, Jürgen Gehb, CDU Speaker for law politics, said that "we will try to continue working with you, but with minimal contact to your backside".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dn.se/DNet/jsp/polopoly.jsp?d=148&a=733148|title=En kaensler utan nyheter}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/0,1518,529098,00.html|title=Gewaltdebatte im Bundestag|newspaper=Der Spiegel |date=16 January 2008 |last1=Weiland |first1=Severin }}</ref>


At a 2002 meeting of NATO defense ministers in [[Warsaw]], [[United States Secretary of Defense]] [[Donald H. Rumsfeld]] refused to meet Struck after Chancellor [[Gerhard Schröder]] had won narrow re-election in part by opposing the American-led [[Iraq War]].<ref>Steven Erlanger (September 24, 2002), [https://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/24/world/president-rebuffs-moves-by-germany-to-mend-relations.html President Rebuffs Moves by Germany to Mend Relations] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>
At a 2002 meeting of NATO defense ministers in [[Warsaw]], [[United States Secretary of Defense]] [[Donald H. Rumsfeld]] refused to meet Struck after Chancellor [[Gerhard Schröder]] had won narrow re-election in part by opposing the American-led [[Iraq War]].<ref>Steven Erlanger (24 September 2002), [https://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/24/world/president-rebuffs-moves-by-germany-to-mend-relations.html President Rebuffs Moves by Germany to Mend Relations] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>


==Citations==
==Quotes==
Peter Struck is famous for two citations:
Peter Struck is famous for two quotes:
*"The security of the Federal Republic of Germany is being defended in the Hindu Kush too".<ref>In German: "Die Sicherheit der Bundesrepublik Deutschland wird auch am Hindukusch verteidigt". {{cite news|url=http://www.fr-online.de/politik/ex-verteidigungsminister--peter-struck-ist-tot,1472596,21150806.html|newspaper=Frankfurter Rundschau|date=19 December 2012|title=Peter Struck ist tot}}</ref>
*"The security of the Federal Republic of Germany is being defended in the Hindu Kush too".<ref>In German: "Die Sicherheit der Bundesrepublik Deutschland wird auch am Hindukusch verteidigt". {{cite news|url=http://www.fr-online.de/politik/ex-verteidigungsminister--peter-struck-ist-tot,1472596,21150806.html|newspaper=Frankfurter Rundschau|date=19 December 2012|title=Peter Struck ist tot}}</ref>
:''as Minister of Defence, reconciling the traditional view of the [[Bundeswehr]] as defence-only army with the problems of asymmetric war.''
:''as Minister of Defence, reconciling the traditional view of the [[Bundeswehr]] as defence-only army with the problems of asymmetric war.''
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|3}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|Peter Struck}}
{{commons category|Peter Struck}}
* [http://www.bundestag.de/bundestag/abgeordnete/bio/S/strucpe0.html Biography at Bundestag.de]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090927150408/http://www.bundestag.de/bundestag/abgeordnete/bio/S/strucpe0.html Biography at Bundestag.de]


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{{Members of the 11th Bundestag}}
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[[Category:1943 births]]
[[Category:1943 births]]
[[Category:2012 deaths]]
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[[Category:People from Göttingen]]
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[[Category:Defence ministers of Germany]]
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Latest revision as of 18:50, 26 December 2022

For the professor of classical studies, see Peter Struck (classicist).

Peter Struck
Struck in 2010
Leader of the Social Democratic Party in the Bundestag
In office
22 November 2005 – 27 September 2009
Chief WhipOlaf Scholz
Thomas Oppermann
Preceded byFranz Müntefering
Succeeded byFrank-Walter Steinmeier
In office
27 October 1998 – 19 July 2002
Chief WhipWilhelm Schmidt
Preceded byRudolf Scharping
Succeeded byLudwig Stiegler
Federal Minister of Defence
In office
19 July 2002 – 22 November 2005
ChancellorGerhard Schröder
Preceded byRudolf Scharping
Succeeded byFranz-Josef Jung
Member of the Bundestag
for Celle – Uelzen
In office
27 September 1998 – 27 September 2009
Preceded byKlaus-Jürgen Hedrich
Succeeded byHenning Otte
Member of the Bundestag
for Lower Saxony
In office
5 October 1980 – 27 September 1998
ConstituencySocial Democratic Party List
Personal details
Born(1943-01-24)24 January 1943
Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
Died19 December 2012(2012-12-19) (aged 69)
Berlin, Germany
Political partySocial Democratic Party
Alma materUniversity of Göttingen
University of Hamburg
ProfessionLawyer

Peter Struck (24 January 1943 – 19 December 2012) was the German Minister of Defence under chancellor Gerhard Schröder from 2002 to 2005. A lawyer, Struck was a member of the Social Democratic Party.

Education

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  • 1962: Abitur
  • 1964: Member of the SPD

Struck studied law at the universities of Göttingen and Hamburg. In 1971 he graduated to Dr. iur. (Doctor of Laws).

Political career

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Peter Struck was a member of the Bundestag from 1980 until 2009. He first became a member of the Bundestag in the 1980 West German elections, via the party list, for the constituency of Celle-Uelzen. Due to his growing popularity, in the years 1998, 2002 and 2005, Struck was directly elected.[1] From 1990 to 1998 he was whip (Parlamentarischer Geschäftsführer) of the SPD parliamentary group. From 1998 to 2002 he was chairman of the SPD parliamentary group.

Federal Minister of Defence, 2002-2005

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In 2002 Struck succeeded Rudolf Scharping as Federal Minister of Defence, and served in that position until 2005.

During Struck's tenure, Germany was trying to revamp its military into a nimbler fighting force capable of responding to smaller, regional conflicts.[2] While being a strong supporter of conscription,[3] Struck announced in 2003 that Germany would reduce its military by more than 10 percent by 2010, leaving 250,000 troops. Also, he ordered a reduction in Germany's inventory of heavy Leopard 2 tanks from almost 2,000 to 350.[4] At the time, he said the cuts were necessary because of strained finances and a need to adapt to new security needs;[5] in 2003, he had to work with a defence budget of a mere 1.48 percent of Germany's gross domestic product, compared with the 2 percent average of his European Union counterparts.[6] Under Struck's plan, the military's civilian work force was to be reduced by 45,000, to 75,000, and as many as 100 military bases closed.[7][8]

During his time at the Defence Ministry, Struck oversaw the early years of Germany's engagement in Afghanistan, famously coining the phrase that "German security is being defended in the Hindu Kush".[9] In 2004, he said “there will be a clear no from the German side” to any request to place the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force and Operation Enduring Freedom under a unified command, expressing fears a unified command could be a step towards merging the two forces and that political opposition and military dangers could increase if their soldiers were identified with the US-led coalition.[10]

After Germany joined with France in April 2003 to announce the creation of a European Union defense group with a military planning unit separate from NATO, Struck later held that no separate headquarters was necessary and that a planning staff for eventual operations under solely European auspices should be attached to NATO.[11]

In 2003, Struck dismissed General Reinhard Günzel, the commander of a German special forces army unit, after he praised Martin Hohmann, a conservative member of Parliament, for a speech that had been widely criticized as anti-Semitic; Struck called Günzel a "lone, confused general who agreed with an even more confused statement."[12]

After accusations began appearing in the German press that conscripts in the German Army had been physically abused by trainers at some of the country's army bases, Struck announced in December 2004 that 30 or 40 trainers were being investigated.[13]

Following a 2004 trip to the Middle East and the Horn of Africa, Struck was hospitalized with a mild stroke.[14][15]

Chairman of the SPD Parliamentary Group, 2005-2009

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After the 2005 elections, Struck became Fraktionschef (chairman) of the SPD parliamentary group once again, until his retirement in 2009.

Between 2007 and 2009, Struck served as co-chair (alongside Günther Oettinger) of the Second Commission on the modernization of the federal state (Föderalismuskommission II), which had been established to reform the division of powers between federal and state authorities in Germany.

After retiring from active politics following the 2009 elections, Struck served as chairman of the Friedrich Ebert Foundation, a political think tank with connections to the SPD.

Death

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Struck suffered from poor health in the last several years of his career and died of a heart attack in the Charité hospital in Berlin on 19 December 2012.[16] Funeral guests included the President of the Bundestag, Norbert Lammert, former chancellors Helmut Schmidt and Gerhard Schröder, the Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia Hannelore Kraft, SPD chairman Sigmar Gabriel, former Finance Minister Peer Steinbrück, and the chairman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group in the Bundestag, Volker Kauder. Thomas de Maizière, Frank-Walter Steinmeier and General Wolfgang Schneiderhan gave eulogies.[17]

Controversies

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When an elderly man was severely beaten up in Munich by two immigrant youths, Struck claimed that his political opponent, Roland Koch, was probably happy for the beating because now Koch could start a supposedly polemic discussion about problems with young violent immigrants. When Koch demanded an apology, Struck replied "Bite me!". In a Parliament debate some days later, Jürgen Gehb, CDU Speaker for law politics, said that "we will try to continue working with you, but with minimal contact to your backside".[18][19]

At a 2002 meeting of NATO defense ministers in Warsaw, United States Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld refused to meet Struck after Chancellor Gerhard Schröder had won narrow re-election in part by opposing the American-led Iraq War.[20]

Quotes

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Peter Struck is famous for two quotes:

  • "The security of the Federal Republic of Germany is being defended in the Hindu Kush too".[21]
as Minister of Defence, reconciling the traditional view of the Bundeswehr as defence-only army with the problems of asymmetric war.
  • "Legislation always obeys the First Struckian Law: No bill comes out of Parliament in the form it came into Parliament."
as SPD whip, rather humorously describing the legislative process.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ David Childs (2 January 2013), Peter Struck: Politician who lost faith in the Afghan campaign The Independent.
  2. ^ Craig S. Smith (14 January 2004), Germany to Overhaul Military And Reduce Defense Spending New York Times.
  3. ^ New German Defence Chief Faces Uphill Task Deutsche Welle, 23 July 2002.
  4. ^ Konstantin von Hammerstein and Alexander Szandar (6 September 2006), Too Many Missions, Too Little Money: Germany's Army Feels the Pinch Spiegel Online.
  5. ^ Germany: Military Cutbacks New York Times, 3 October 2003.
  6. ^ New German Defence Chief Faces Uphill Task Deutsche Welle, 23 July 2002.
  7. ^ Germany: Military Cutbacks New York Times, 3 October 2003.
  8. ^ Craig S. Smith (14 January 2004), Germany to Overhaul Military And Reduce Defense Spending New York Times.
  9. ^ David Childs (2 January 2013), Peter Struck: Politician who lost faith in the Afghan campaign The Independent.
  10. ^ Daniel Dombey, Rainer Koch and Victoria Burnett (14 October 2004), Differences over Afghan roles cloud Nato talks Financial Times.
  11. ^ John Vinocur (28 October 2003), Germany moves to allay U.S. fears on EU defense International Herald Tribune.
  12. ^ Richard Bernstein (5 November 2003), German General Fired for Backing Slur on Jews New York Times.
  13. ^ Richard Bernstein (2 December 2004), Charges of Mistreatment of German Draftees Are Investigated New York Times.
  14. ^ Victor Homola (11 June 2004), Germany: Defense Minister Hospitalized New York Times.
  15. ^ Mark Landler (18 August 2004), Schröder's Bond With Russia: A Little Girl, Now His Own New York Times.
  16. ^ David Childs (2 January 2013), Peter Struck: Politician who lost faith in the Afghan campaign The Independent.
  17. ^ Frank-Walter Steinmeier: „Peter, wir werden Dich vermissen“ Focus, 3 January 2013.
  18. ^ "En kaensler utan nyheter".
  19. ^ Weiland, Severin (16 January 2008). "Gewaltdebatte im Bundestag". Der Spiegel.
  20. ^ Steven Erlanger (24 September 2002), President Rebuffs Moves by Germany to Mend Relations New York Times.
  21. ^ In German: "Die Sicherheit der Bundesrepublik Deutschland wird auch am Hindukusch verteidigt". "Peter Struck ist tot". Frankfurter Rundschau. 19 December 2012.
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Political offices
Preceded by Defence Minister of Germany
19 July 2002–22 November 2005 		Succeeded by
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