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{{Use American English|date=January 2019}}
{{Short description|Pipeline in South America}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox pipeline
{{Infobox pipeline
| name = Trans-Caribbean gas pipeline
| name = Trans-Caribbean gas pipeline
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}}
}}


The '''Trans-Caribbean gas pipeline''' (also known as ''[[Antonio Ricaurte]] Gas Pipeline'') is a natural gas pipeline between [[Venezuela]] and [[Colombia]] with proposed extension to [[Panama]] and probably to [[Nicaragua]].
The '''Trans-Caribbean gas pipeline''' (also known as the ''[[Antonio Ricaurte]] Gas Pipeline'') is a natural gas pipeline between [[Venezuela]] and [[Colombia]] with proposed extension to [[Panama]] and probably to [[Nicaragua]].


==History==
==History==
The construction started on 8 July 2006 with presence of presidents [[Hugo Chávez]] of Venezuela, [[Álvaro Uribe]] of Colombia and [[Martín Torrijos]] of Panama. It was inaugurated on 12 October 2007.<ref name=merco>
The construction started on 8 July 2006 with presence of presidents [[Hugo Chávez]] of Venezuela, [[Álvaro Uribe]] of Colombia and [[Martín Torrijos]] of Panama. It was inaugurated on 12 October 2007.<ref name=merco>{{cite news
{{cite news
| publisher= MercoPress
| publisher= MercoPress
| url= http://en.mercopress.com/2007/10/12/colombia-gas-links-with-venezuela-and-joins-bank-of-the-south
| url= http://en.mercopress.com/2007/10/12/colombia-gas-links-with-venezuela-and-joins-bank-of-the-south
| title = Colombia gas-links with Venezuela and joins Bank of the South
| title = Colombia gas-links with Venezuela and joins Bank of the South
| date = 2007-10-12
| date = 2007-10-12
| access-date=2009-07-26}}</ref> In November 2009, Colombia reduced exports from 220 million cubic feet a day to 70 million cubic feet a day due to a drought that required an increase of gas-fired power generation to support the decrease in hydro-power plants' reservoirs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://colombiareports.com/ecopetrol-and-chevron-reduce-gas-exports-to-venezuela/|title=Ecopetrol and Chevron reduce gas exports to Venezuela|date=2009-11-06|work=Colombia News {{!}} Colombia Reports|access-date=2017-10-09|language=en-US}}</ref> On 9 October 2013, the pipeline was attacked, temporarily suspending the supply of natural gas from Colombia to Venezuela. The attack was attributed to [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia|FARC]] rebels.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/colombia-venezuela-gas/attack-on-pipeline-cuts-off-colombia-gas-exports-to-venezuela-idUSL1N0HZ1FA20131009|title=Attack on pipeline cuts off Colombia gas exports to Venezuela|date=2013-09-09|work=Reuters|access-date=2017-10-09}}</ref> From May 2014 to February 2015, Colombia again suspended gas exports through the pipeline due to drought. When the gas exports resumed, Colombia exported an estimated 50 million cubic feet a day, about half the amount that was exported before May 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.argusmedia.com/pages/NewsBody.aspx?id=993104&menu=yes|title=News Story - Argus Media|website=www.argusmedia.com|access-date=2017-10-09}}</ref> On 11 June 2015, [[Petróleos de Venezuela S.A.]](PdV) announced that it would not renew the contract to import gas from Colombia, letting the contract expire on 30 June. As a result, the current pipeline is not in use. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/venezuela-colombia-gas/venezuelas-pdvsa-says-halting-colombia-gas-imports-idUSL1N0YX2GM20150611|title=Venezuela's PDVSA says halting Colombia gas imports|date=2015-06-21|work=Reuters|access-date=2017-10-09}}</ref>
| accessdate=2009-07-26}}
</ref>


==Description==
==Description==
The first stage of the pipeline is {{convert|224.4|km|mi}} long and it runs from [[Maracaibo]] in the state of [[Zulia]] in Venezuela to Puerto Ballena gas fields in [[Guajira Department|La Guajira]], Colombia. At the first stage, the pipeline pumps [[natural gas]] from Colombia to Venezuela.<ref name=efe/> Transported gas is used by [[Petróleos de Venezuela S.A.]] for injection in its oil reservoirs to boost oil production. Natural gas is supplied by [[Ecopetrol]] and [[Chevron Corporation]].<ref name=merco/> At the second stage by 2012, the pipeline would be reversed to pump natural gas from Venezuela to Colombia and further to Panama.<ref name=merco/><ref name=efe>
The first stage of the pipeline is {{convert|224.4|km|mi}} long and it runs from [[Maracaibo]] in the state of [[Zulia]] in Venezuela to Puerto Ballena gas fields in [[Guajira Department|La Guajira]], Colombia. At the first stage, the pipeline pumps [[natural gas]] from Colombia to Venezuela.<ref name=efe/> Transported gas is used by [[Petróleos de Venezuela S.A.]] for injection in its oil reservoirs to boost oil production. Natural gas is supplied by [[Ecopetrol]] and [[Chevron Corporation]].<ref name=merco/><ref name=efe>{{cite news
⚫
|publisher = EFE
{{cite news
⚫
|url = http://news.notiemail.com/noticia.asp?nt=9796101&cty=200
⚫
| publisher= EFE
⚫
|title = Construction starts on Colombia-Venezuela natural gas pipeline
⚫
| url= http://news.notiemail.com/noticia.asp?nt=9796101&cty=200
⚫
|date = 2006-07-08
⚫
| title = Construction starts on Colombia-Venezuela natural gas pipeline
| date = 2006-07-08
|access-date = 2007-07-03
|url-status = dead
| accessdate=2007-07-03}}
|archive-url = https://archive.today/20070928062503/http://news.notiemail.com/noticia.asp?nt=9796101&cty=200
</ref>
|archive-date = 2007-09-28

}}
The construction of the first stage cost US$467&nbsp;million.<ref name=merco/> Its maximum capacity is 5&nbsp;billion cubic meters of natural gas per year.<ref name=downstream120609>
{{cite news
| publisher= Downstream Today
| url= http://www.downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=16770
| title = Ecopetrol, Chevron Ship 300MM Cf/D of Gas to Venezuela
⚫
| date = 2009-06-12
| accessdate=2009-07-26}}
</ref>
</ref>

The construction of the first stage cost US$467&nbsp;million.<ref name=merco/> Its maximum capacity is 5&nbsp;billion cubic meters of natural gas per year.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=16770|title=DownstreamToday.com - News and Information for the Downstream Oil and…|date=2009-06-12|work=Downstream Today|access-date=2009-07-26|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130121165634/http://www.downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=16770&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1|archive-date=2013-01-21|url-status=dead}}</ref>


==Operator==
==Operator==
The operator of the pipeline is Petróleos de Venezuela.<ref name=merco/>
The operator of the pipeline is Petróleos de Venezuela.<ref name=merco/>

The original plan of the pipeline was for Colombia to pump gas to Venezuela until 2011, when the direction of the pipeline would be reversed, allowing Venezuela to export gas to Colombia.<ref name="merco2">{{cite news|url=http://en.mercopress.com/2007/10/12/colombia-gas-links-with-venezuela-and-joins-bank-of-the-south|title=Colombia gas-links with Venezuela and joins Bank of the South|date=2007-10-12|access-date=2009-07-26|publisher=MercoPress}}</ref> The reversal of the pipeline was delayed by PdV multiple times, with the most recent date as December 2016. The plan to reverse the pipeline never occurred due to PdV's financial troubles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.argusmedia.com/news/article/?id=1435382|title=News - Argus Media|website=www.argusmedia.com|access-date=2017-10-09}}</ref>
⚫
==See also==
{{Portal|Venezuela|Energy}}
⚫
* [[Eastern Caribbean Gas Pipeline]]

==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

⚫
==See also==
⚫
*[[Eastern Caribbean Gas Pipeline]]


[[Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 2007]]
[[Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 2007]]
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[[Category:Colombia–Panama relations]]
[[Category:Colombia–Panama relations]]
[[Category:Colombia–Venezuela relations]]
[[Category:Colombia–Venezuela relations]]
[[Category:Panama–Venezuela relations]]
[[Category:PDVSA]]

Latest revision as of 12:15, 8 January 2023

Trans-Caribbean gas pipeline
Location of Trans-Caribbean gas pipeline
Location of Trans-Caribbean gas pipeline
Location
CountryVenezuela, Colombia, Panama
General directionwest-east (east-west)
FromMaracaibo, Venezuela
ToBallena gas fields, La Guajira, Colombia
General information
Typenatural gas
OperatorPetróleos de Venezuela S.A.
Commissioned2007
Technical information
Length224.4 km (139.4 mi)
Maximum discharge5 billion cubic meters per year

The Trans-Caribbean gas pipeline (also known as the Antonio Ricaurte Gas Pipeline) is a natural gas pipeline between Venezuela and Colombia with proposed extension to Panama and probably to Nicaragua.

History

[edit]

The construction started on 8 July 2006 with presence of presidents Hugo Chávez of Venezuela, Álvaro Uribe of Colombia and Martín Torrijos of Panama. It was inaugurated on 12 October 2007.[1] In November 2009, Colombia reduced exports from 220 million cubic feet a day to 70 million cubic feet a day due to a drought that required an increase of gas-fired power generation to support the decrease in hydro-power plants' reservoirs.[2] On 9 October 2013, the pipeline was attacked, temporarily suspending the supply of natural gas from Colombia to Venezuela. The attack was attributed to FARC rebels.[3] From May 2014 to February 2015, Colombia again suspended gas exports through the pipeline due to drought. When the gas exports resumed, Colombia exported an estimated 50 million cubic feet a day, about half the amount that was exported before May 2014.[4] On 11 June 2015, Petróleos de Venezuela S.A.(PdV) announced that it would not renew the contract to import gas from Colombia, letting the contract expire on 30 June. As a result, the current pipeline is not in use. [5]

Description

[edit]

The first stage of the pipeline is 224.4 kilometres (139.4 mi) long and it runs from Maracaibo in the state of Zulia in Venezuela to Puerto Ballena gas fields in La Guajira, Colombia. At the first stage, the pipeline pumps natural gas from Colombia to Venezuela.[6] Transported gas is used by Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. for injection in its oil reservoirs to boost oil production. Natural gas is supplied by Ecopetrol and Chevron Corporation.[1][6]

The construction of the first stage cost US$467 million.[1] Its maximum capacity is 5 billion cubic meters of natural gas per year.[7]

Operator

[edit]

The operator of the pipeline is Petróleos de Venezuela.[1]

The original plan of the pipeline was for Colombia to pump gas to Venezuela until 2011, when the direction of the pipeline would be reversed, allowing Venezuela to export gas to Colombia.[8] The reversal of the pipeline was delayed by PdV multiple times, with the most recent date as December 2016. The plan to reverse the pipeline never occurred due to PdV's financial troubles.[9]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Colombia gas-links with Venezuela and joins Bank of the South". MercoPress. 12 October 2007. Retrieved 26 July 2009.
  2. ^ "Ecopetrol and Chevron reduce gas exports to Venezuela". Colombia News | Colombia Reports. 6 November 2009. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  3. ^ "Attack on pipeline cuts off Colombia gas exports to Venezuela". Reuters. 9 September 2013. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  4. ^ "News Story - Argus Media". www.argusmedia.com. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  5. ^ "Venezuela's PDVSA says halting Colombia gas imports". Reuters. 21 June 2015. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  6. ^ a b "Construction starts on Colombia-Venezuela natural gas pipeline". EFE. 8 July 2006. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2007.
  7. ^ "DownstreamToday.com - News and Information for the Downstream Oil and…". Downstream Today. 12 June 2009. Archived from the original on 21 January 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2009.
  8. ^ "Colombia gas-links with Venezuela and joins Bank of the South". MercoPress. 12 October 2007. Retrieved 26 July 2009.
  9. ^ "News - Argus Media". www.argusmedia.com. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
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