Simbirskiasaurus: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Extinct genus of reptiles}} |
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'''''Simbirskiasaurus''''' is an extinct genus of [[Ichthyosaur]].<ref name="sepkoskidatabase">{{cite journal | last = Sepkoski | first = Jack | title = A compendium of fossil marine animal genera (entry on Reptilia) | journal = Bulletins of American Paleontology | volume = 364 | pages = p.560 | date = 2002 | url = http://strata.geology.wisc.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=663&rank=class | accessdate = 2008-09-28}}</ref><ref>Fischer V, Arkhangelsky MS, Stenshin IM, Uspensky GN, Godefroit P (In Review) The Russian Cretaceous ichthyosaurs Simbirskiasaurus birjukovi and Pervushovisaurus bannovkensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology</ref> |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
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| fossil_range = [[Early Cretaceous]], 130 [[Mya (unit)|Ma]] |
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| image = |
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| image_caption = |
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| taxon = Simbirskiasaurus |
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| authority = Ochev and Efimov, 1985 |
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| subdivision_ranks = Species |
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| subdivision = |
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*''S. birjukovi'' <small>Ochev and Efimov, 1985 ([[Type (biology)|Type]])</small> |
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}} |
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'''''Simbirskiasaurus''''' is an extinct genus of [[ichthyosaur]] from the [[Early Cretaceous]] (early [[Barremian]]) of [[Ulyanovsk Oblast]], [[Russia]].<ref name="sepkoskidatabase">{{cite journal | last = Sepkoski | first = Jack | title = A compendium of fossil marine animal genera (entry on Reptilia) | journal = Bulletins of American Paleontology | volume = 364 |page=560 | date = 2002 | url = http://strata.geology.wisc.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=663&rank=class | accessdate = 2008-09-28}}</ref><ref name=F14>Valentin Fischer, Maxim S. Arkhangelsky, Darren Naish, Ilya M. Stenshin, Gleb N. Uspensky and Pascal Godefroit (2014) Simbirskiasaurus and Pervushovisaurus reassessed: implications for the taxonomy and cranial osteology of Cretaceous platypterygiine ichthyosaurs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171(4): 822–841. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/zoj.12158/abstract</ref> Its type specimen is '''YKM 65119''', a fragmentary skull and vertebral column.<ref>Storrs, G. W., M. S. Arkhangel'skii and V. M. Efimov. 2000. Mesozoic marine reptiles of Russia and other former Soviet republics. pages 187-210 In Benton, M. J., M. A. Shiskin, D. M. Unwin and E. N. Kurochkin, (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.</ref> |
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==Description== |
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Fischer ''et al''. give the diagnosis of ''Simbirskiasaurus'' as follows: "Platypterygiine ophthalmosaurid characterized by the following autapomorphies: external naris divided by a nasomaxillary pillar; posterior opening of the narial complex with anteroposteriorly constricted dorsal extension; deeply interdigitating prefrontal–lacrimal suture [reminiscent of the basal neoichthyosaurian ''[[Temnodontosaurus platyodon]]'' (Conybeare, 1822); see Godefroit, 1993]. ''Simbirskiasaurus birjukovi'' is also characterized by the following unique combination of features: subnarial process of the premaxilla reaches the posterior margin of the external naris (shared with ''[[Cryopterygius kristiansenae]]'' Druckenmiller ''et al''., 2012); elongated anterior process of the maxilla, reaching anteriorly the level of the nasal [unlike in ''[[Aegirosaurus leptospondylus]]'' Bardet & Fernández, 2000 and ''[[Sveltonectes insolitus]]'' (Fischer ''et al''., 2011b)]; pres- ence of a supranarial process of the premaxilla [shared with ''[[Platypterygius australis]]'' (McCoy, 1867), see Kear, 2005, and possibly ''[[Pervushovisaurus|Pervushovisaurus bannovkensis]]'' (Arkhangelsky, 1998b)]."<ref name=F14/> |
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==Phylogeny== |
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The following cladogram shows a possible phylogenetic position of ''Simbirskiasaurus'' in Ophthalmosauridae according to the analysis performed by Zverkov and Jacobs (2020).<ref name="Zverkov2020">{{cite journal |author1=Nikolay G. Zverkov |author2=Megan L. Jacobs |name-list-style=amp |orig-year=2020 |title=Revision of ''Nannopterygius'' (Ichthyosauria: Ophthalmosauridae): reappraisal of the 'inaccessible' holotype resolves a taxonomic tangle and reveals an obscure ophthalmosaurid lineage with a wide distribution |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=191 |issue=1 |year=2021 |pages=228–275 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa028}}</ref> |
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{{clade |
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|label1=[[Ophthalmosauria]] |
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|1={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|label1=[[Ophthalmosaurinae]] |
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|1={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Acamptonectes|Acamptonectes densus]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Mollesaurus|Mollesaurus periallus]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Ophthalmosaurus natans]]'' |
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|2=''[[Ophthalmosaurus icenicus]]'' |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} }} }} |
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|2={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Gengasaurus nicosiai]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Nannopterygius|Nannopterygius yasykovi]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Nannopterygius|Nannopterygius enthekiodon]]'' |
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|2=''[[Nannopterygius|Nannopterygius saveljeviensis]]'' |
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|3=''[[Nannopterygius|Nannopterygius borealis]]'' |
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}} |
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}} |
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|2={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Arthropterygius|Arthropterygius volgensis]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Arthropterygius|Arthropterygius lundi]]'' |
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|2=''[[Arthropterygius|Arthropterygius thalassonotus]]'' |
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|3={{clade |
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|1=''[[Arthropterygius|Arthropterygius hoybergeti]]'' |
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|2=''[[Arthropterygius|Arthropterygius chrisorum]]'' |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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|label2=[[Platypterygiinae]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Brachypterygius extremus]]'' |
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|2=''[[Aegirosaurus leptospondylus]]'' |
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|3={{clade |
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|1=''[[Muiscasaurus catheti]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Leninia stellans]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Sveltonectes insolitus]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Athabascasaurus bitumineus]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Platypterygius americanus]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Acuetzpalin|Acuetzpalin carranzai]]'' |
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|2=''[[Platypterygius sachicarum]]'' |
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|3=''[[Caypullisaurus bonapartei]]'' |
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}} |
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|2={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Grendelius mordax]]'' |
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|2=''[[Grendelius alekseevi]]'' |
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|3=''[[Grendelius|Grendelius pseudoscythicus]]'' |
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|4=''[[Grendelius|Grendelius zhuravlevi]]'' |
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}} |
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|2={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Undorosaurus|Undorosaurus kielanae]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Undorosaurus|Undorosaurus nessovi]]'' |
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|2=''[[Undorosaurus|Undorosaurus gorodischensis]]'' |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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|3={{clade |
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|1=''[[Platypterygius australis]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Plutoniosaurus bedengensis]]'' |
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|2='''''Simbirskiasaurus birjukovi''''' |
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|3=''[[Platypterygius hercynicus]]'' |
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|4=''[[Sisteronia seeleyi]]'' |
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|5=''[[Platypterygius|Platypterygius platydactylus]]'' |
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|6=''[[Maiaspondylus lindoei]]'' |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} |
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==See also== |
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* [[List of ichthyosaurs]] |
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* [[Timeline of ichthyosaur research]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Ichthyosauria|Parvipelvia}} |
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==External links== |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q7517439}} |
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* [http://paleobackup.nceas.ucsb.edu:8090/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=36573&is_real_user=0 ''Simbirskiasaurus''] at the Paleobiology Database. |
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[[Category:Ophthalmosauridae]] |
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{{Ichthyosaur-stub}} |
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[[Category:Ichthyosauromorph genera]] |
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[[Category:Ichthyosaurs]] |
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{{Ichthyosaur-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 02:35, 19 January 2023
| Simbirskiasaurus Temporal range: Early Cretaceous, 130 Ma
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | †Ichthyosauria |
| Family: | †Ophthalmosauridae |
| Subfamily: | †Platypterygiinae |
| Genus: | †Simbirskiasaurus Ochev and Efimov, 1985 |
| Species | |
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Simbirskiasaurus is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from the Early Cretaceous (early Barremian) of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia.[1][2] Its type specimen is YKM 65119, a fragmentary skull and vertebral column.[3]
Description
[edit]Fischer et al. give the diagnosis of Simbirskiasaurus as follows: "Platypterygiine ophthalmosaurid characterized by the following autapomorphies: external naris divided by a nasomaxillary pillar; posterior opening of the narial complex with anteroposteriorly constricted dorsal extension; deeply interdigitating prefrontal–lacrimal suture [reminiscent of the basal neoichthyosaurian Temnodontosaurus platyodon (Conybeare, 1822); see Godefroit, 1993]. Simbirskiasaurus birjukovi is also characterized by the following unique combination of features: subnarial process of the premaxilla reaches the posterior margin of the external naris (shared with Cryopterygius kristiansenae Druckenmiller et al., 2012); elongated anterior process of the maxilla, reaching anteriorly the level of the nasal [unlike in Aegirosaurus leptospondylus Bardet & Fernández, 2000 and Sveltonectes insolitus (Fischer et al., 2011b)]; pres- ence of a supranarial process of the premaxilla [shared with Platypterygius australis (McCoy, 1867), see Kear, 2005, and possibly Pervushovisaurus bannovkensis (Arkhangelsky, 1998b)]."[2]
Phylogeny
[edit]The following cladogram shows a possible phylogenetic position of Simbirskiasaurus in Ophthalmosauridae according to the analysis performed by Zverkov and Jacobs (2020).[4]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera (entry on Reptilia)". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Retrieved 2008-09-28.
- ^ a b Valentin Fischer, Maxim S. Arkhangelsky, Darren Naish, Ilya M. Stenshin, Gleb N. Uspensky and Pascal Godefroit (2014) Simbirskiasaurus and Pervushovisaurus reassessed: implications for the taxonomy and cranial osteology of Cretaceous platypterygiine ichthyosaurs. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171(4): 822–841. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/zoj.12158/abstract
- ^ Storrs, G. W., M. S. Arkhangel'skii and V. M. Efimov. 2000. Mesozoic marine reptiles of Russia and other former Soviet republics. pages 187-210 In Benton, M. J., M. A. Shiskin, D. M. Unwin and E. N. Kurochkin, (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- ^ Nikolay G. Zverkov & Megan L. Jacobs (2021) [2020]. "Revision of Nannopterygius (Ichthyosauria: Ophthalmosauridae): reappraisal of the 'inaccessible' holotype resolves a taxonomic tangle and reveals an obscure ophthalmosaurid lineage with a wide distribution". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 191 (1): 228–275. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa028.
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