Orthohepadnavirus: Difference between revisions
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'''''Orthohepadnavirus''''' is a genus of [[virus]]es, in the family ''[[Hepadnaviridae]]''.<ref name="ICTVReport">{{cite web |title=ICTV Report Hepadnaviridae |url=http://www.ictv.global/report/hepadnaviridae}}</ref> Humans and other mammals serve as natural hosts. There are 12 species in this genus.<ref name=ICTVReport/> Diseases associated with this genus include: [[hepatitis]], [[hepatocellular carcinoma]] (chronic infections), and [[cirrhosis]].<ref name=ICTVReport/><ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/101.html|publisher=ExPASy|accessdate=15 June 2015}}</ref> |
'''''Orthohepadnavirus''''' is a genus of [[virus]]es, in the family ''[[Hepadnaviridae]]''.<ref name="ICTVReport">{{cite web |title=ICTV Report Hepadnaviridae |url=http://www.ictv.global/report/hepadnaviridae}}</ref> Humans and other [[mammals]] serve as natural hosts. There are 12 species in this genus.<ref name=ICTVReport/> Diseases associated with this genus include: [[hepatitis]], [[hepatocellular carcinoma]] (chronic infections), and [[cirrhosis]].<ref name=ICTVReport/><ref name=ViralZone>{{cite web|title=Viral Zone|url=http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/101.html|publisher=ExPASy|accessdate=15 June 2015}}</ref> |
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==Taxonomy== |
==Taxonomy== |
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The genus contains the following species:<ref>{{cite web |title=Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release |url=https:// |
The genus contains the following species:<ref>{{cite web |title=Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release |url=https://ictv.global/taxonomy |publisher=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) |date=March 2021 |access-date=21 May 2021}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Capuchin monkey hepatitis B virus]]'' |
* ''[[Capuchin monkey hepatitis B virus]]'' |
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* ''[[Chinese shrew hepatitis B virus]]'' |
* ''[[Chinese shrew hepatitis B virus]]'' |
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Latest revision as of 14:21, 13 February 2023
| Orthohepadnavirus | |
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| TEM micrograph showing Hepatitis B virus virions | |
Virus classification 
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| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Pararnavirae |
| Phylum: | Artverviricota |
| Class: | Revtraviricetes |
| Order: | Blubervirales |
| Family: | Hepadnaviridae |
| Genus: | Orthohepadnavirus |
| Species | |
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See text | |
Orthohepadnavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hepadnaviridae.[1] Humans and other mammals serve as natural hosts. There are 12 species in this genus.[1] Diseases associated with this genus include: hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma (chronic infections), and cirrhosis.[1][2]
Taxonomy
[edit]The genus contains the following species:[3]
- Capuchin monkey hepatitis B virus
- Chinese shrew hepatitis B virus
- Domestic cat hepatitis B virus
- Ground squirrel hepatitis virus
- Hepatitis B virus
- Long-fingered bat hepatitis B virus
- Pomona bat hepatitis B virus
- Roundleaf bat hepatitis B virus
- Taï Forest hepadnavirus
- Tent-making bat hepatitis B virus
- Woodchuck hepatitis virus
- Woolly monkey hepatitis B virus
Structure
[edit]Viruses in the genus Orthohepadnavirus are enveloped, with spherical geometries, and T=4 symmetry. The diameter is around 42 nm. Genomes are circular, around 3.2kb in length. The genome codes for 7 proteins.[1][2]
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orthohepadnavirus | Icosahedral | T=4 | Non-enveloped | Circular | Monopartite |
Life cycle
[edit]Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Replication follows the dsDNA(RT) replication model. DNA-templated transcription, specifically dsDNA(RT) transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and nuclear pore export. Human and mammals serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are sexual, blood, and contact.[1][2]
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orthohepadnavirus | Humans; mammals | Hepatocytes | Cell receptor endocytosis | Budding | Nucleus | Cytoplasm | Vertical: parental; sex; blood |
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e "ICTV Report Hepadnaviridae".
- ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ^ "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 21 May 2021.