Ancona chicken: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Breed of chicken}} |
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[[File:Ancona chicken.jpg|thumb|250px|Ancona]] |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}} |
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{{use list-defined references|date=June 2013}} |
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{{EngvarB|date=June 2013}} |
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{{infobox poultry breed |
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| name = Ancona |
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| image = Ancona chicken.jpg |
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| image_size = |
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| alt = |
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| image_caption = |
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| status = |
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| altname = |
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| country = Italy; United Kingdom |
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| distribution = |
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| standard = |
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| use = eggs |
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| nickname = |
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| apa = Mediterranean<ref name=apa/> |
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| aba = |
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| ee = |
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| pcgb =Soft feather: light<ref name=pcgb/> |
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| maleweight = 2.5–2.8 kg |
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| femaleweight = 1.8–2.1 kg |
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| skincolor = Yellow |
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| eggcolor = White |
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| comb = Single or rose |
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| note = |
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| type = [[Chicken]] |
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| latin = Gallus gallus domesticus |
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}} |
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The '''Ancona''' is a breed of [[chicken]] which originated in [[the Marches]], region of Italy, but which was bred to its present type mainly in the [[United Kingdom]] in the nineteenth century. It is named after the city of [[Ancona]], capital of the Marche. It is popular in Britain and the United States, but uncommon in Italy; an initiative to re-establish it in its native area and preserve its [[biodiversity]] was launched in 2000.<ref name=acc/> There are also Ancona [[bantam (poultry)|bantams]]. |
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{{refimprove|date=August 2009}} |
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The '''Ancona''' is a breed of [[chicken]] originating in, and named after [[Ancona]], [[Italy]], but they have also been known in [[England]] since the late 19th century. |
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== History == |
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It is noted for its ability to produce white or sometimes tinted eggs, which are sometimes small in size. It also can lay a blue tinted egg depending on its genes. It is considered an excellent layer, as it lays an average of five eggs a week. |
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The Ancona originated in central Italy,{{r|agraria}} where it was the most widely distributed breed of chicken.{{r|zanon}} The first Ancona chickens were imported into England in 1851,<ref name=dad/> and [[selective breeding|selectively bred]] there for regularity and consistency of the white markings in the plumage. In 1880 a breeder named Cobb showed a group. Some birds were exported from Britain to the United States in 1888. Rose-combed Ancona chickens were first shown in [[Birmingham]] in 1910.<ref name=zanon/> |
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In the United States, the single-[[comb]] Ancona was recognised by the [[American Poultry Association]] in 1898, and the rose-comb bird in 1914.<ref name=apa/><ref name=albc/> |
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== Characteristics == |
== Characteristics == |
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The Ancona's plumage is a mottled black with white speckles that tip the feathers. Its dark plumage makes it harder for predators to see, and often has a green or purple tint. It is a Mediterranean breed, which refers to its point of origin. Like other Mediterranean breeds, they are closely feathered. |
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The Ancona is a typical [[Mediterranean Class (chicken breeds)|Mediterranean breed]], rustic, lively and hardy.<ref name=agraria/> Birds range widely and take flight easily.<ref name=albc/> |
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Anconas can have either a rose or a single [[Comb (anatomy)|comb]], as either are accepted by the [[American Poultry Association]]. This breed has four toes on each foot, no feathering on its legs, and does not possess a crest. Their combs are medium in size, and single comb Ancona females should have lopped combs.<ref>{{cite book |
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| last = American Poultry Association |
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| year = 1998 |
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| title = The American Standard of Perfection |
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| publisher = Global Interprint |
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| location = Petaluma, CA |
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}}</ref> Standard males weigh around six pounds, while hens weigh around four and a half pounds. It also comes as a bantam. |
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The plumage is black, mottled with white. Approximately one feather in three has a v-shaped white marking at the tip. All primaries, sickles and tail-feathers should have white tips. The black feathers may have a beetle-green tint. In Italy, blue mottled with white is also recognised in full-size birds, but not in bantams. Australia recognises a Red variety, with a chestnut to red bay ground colour.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Limited|first1=Victorian Poultry Fanciers Association|title=Australian poultry standards|date=2011|publisher=Victorian Poultry Fanciers Association Limited|location=Ballarat, Vic.|isbn=9781921488238|pages=26–27|edition=2nd}}</ref> |
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===Standard Weight=== |
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{| width="250" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" |
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The legs are yellow mottled with black, the beak yellow with some black markings on the upper [[mandible]], and the eye orange-red. The skin is yellow, the ear-lobes white or cream-coloured. The comb is of medium size, with five well-marked points; in hens it should fall gracefully to one side.<ref name=agraria/> In the United Kingdom and in the United States, but not in Italy, a rose comb is permitted.<ref name=albc/> |
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|+ ''Large Fowl '' |
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! Gender |
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Cocks weigh {{convert|2.5|to|2.8|kg|abbr=on}} and hens {{convert|1.8|to|2.1|kg|abbr=on}};<ref name=agraria/> ring sizes are {{Convert|18|mm|in|abbr=on}} and {{Convert|16|mm|in|abbr=on}} respectively for full-sized birds, and {{Convert|13|mm|in|abbr=on}} and {{Convert|11|mm|in|abbr=on}} for bantams.<ref name=fiav/> |
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! kg |
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! g |
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== Use == |
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! lb |
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! oz |
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The Ancona is a good layer of white eggs, of which it lays an average of 220 per year;<ref name=dad/> the eggs weigh {{Convert|50|g|oz|abbr=on}} or more.<ref name=agraria/> Hens have little tendency to [[broodiness]]; pullets may begin to lay at 5 months.{{citation needed|date=May 2018}} |
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|- |
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| Cock |
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| 2.72 |
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| 2721.55 |
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| 6 |
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| 96 |
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|- |
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| Hen |
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| 2.04 |
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| 2041.16 |
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| 4.5 |
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| 72 |
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|} |
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{| width="250" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" |
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|+ ''Bantam'' |
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! Gender |
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! kg |
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! g |
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! lb |
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! oz |
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|- |
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| Cock |
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| 0.74 |
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| 737.09 |
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| 1.63 |
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| 26 |
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|- |
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| Hen |
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| 0.63 |
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| 625.00 |
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| 1.38 |
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| 22 |
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|} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{reflist|refs= |
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==See also== |
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[[List of chicken breeds]] |
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<ref name=acc>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120203112551/http://www.civiltacontadina.it/modules/civiltacontadina/index.php?id=9l Pollo Ancona: biodiversità e animali da fattoria] (in Italian). Associazione Civiltà Contadina per la salvaguardia della biodiversità rurale. Archived 3 February 2012.</ref> |
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{{Chicken breeds of Italy}} |
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{{Chicken}} |
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<ref name=agraria>[http://www.agraria.org/polli/ancona.htm Ancona] (in Italian). Atlante delle razze di Polli – Razze italiane. Accessed June 2013.</ref> |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ancona (Chicken)}} |
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[[Category:ALBC Conservation Priority Breeds]] |
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[[Category:Chicken breeds originating in Italy]] |
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<ref name=albc>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130410101652/http://www.albc-usa.org/cpl/ancona.html Ancona Chicken]. American Livestock Breeds Conservancy, 1993–2009. Archived 10 April 2013.</ref> |
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<ref name=apa>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171104135004/http://www.amerpoultryassn.com/PDF%20Forms/APA%20Recognized%20Breeds%20and%20Varieties%20Sept2012.pdf APA Recognized Breeds and Varieties: As of January 1, 2012]. American Poultry Association. Archived 4 November 2017.</ref> |
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{{Poultry-stub}} |
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<ref name=dad>[http://dad.fao.org/cgi-bin/EfabisWeb.cgi?sid=8e4d32da3d6d4b10976c3d44b64f4dba,reportsreport8a_50004211 Breed data sheet: Ancona/Italy]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed August 2014.</ref> |
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[[da:Ancona (hønserace)]] |
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[[fr:Ancône (race de poule)]] |
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<ref name=fiav>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130627031413/http://www.fiav.info/html/5cts/cts018.html Elenco delle razze riconosciute dallo Standard Italiano: anelli di riconoscimento e colorazioni ufficiali] (in Italian). Federazione Italiana Associazioni Avicole. Archived 27 June 2013.</ref> |
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[[it:Ancona (pollo)]] |
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[[hu:Ancona (tyúk)]] |
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<ref name=pcgb>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143235/http://www.poultryclub.org/img/Breed%20Classification.pdf Breed Classification]. Poultry Club of Great Britain. Archived 12 June 2018.</ref> |
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[[nl:Ancona (kip)]] |
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[[no:Ancona (hønserase)]] |
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<ref name=zanon>Alessio Zanon (2003–2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20120703022719/http://www.ilpollaiodelre.com/polliIt1.htm Ancona] (in Italian). Il Pollaio del Re. Archived 3 July 2012.</ref> |
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[[sv:Ancona (hönsras)]] |
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}} |
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{{Chicken breeds of Italy}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ancona (Chicken)}} |
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[[Category:Conservation Priority Breeds of the Livestock Conservancy]] |
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[[Category:Chicken breeds originating in Italy]] |
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[[Category:Chicken breeds]] |
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[[Category:Animal breeds on the RBST Watchlist]] |
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Latest revision as of 12:11, 24 February 2023
 | |
| Country of origin | Italy; United Kingdom |
|---|---|
| Use | eggs |
| Traits | |
| Weight |
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| Skin color | Yellow |
| Egg color | White |
| Comb type | Single or rose |
| Classification | |
| APA | Mediterranean[1] |
| PCGB | Soft feather: light[2] |
| |
The Ancona is a breed of chicken which originated in the Marches, region of Italy, but which was bred to its present type mainly in the United Kingdom in the nineteenth century. It is named after the city of Ancona, capital of the Marche. It is popular in Britain and the United States, but uncommon in Italy; an initiative to re-establish it in its native area and preserve its biodiversity was launched in 2000.[3] There are also Ancona bantams.
History
[edit]The Ancona originated in central Italy,[4] where it was the most widely distributed breed of chicken.[5] The first Ancona chickens were imported into England in 1851,[6] and selectively bred there for regularity and consistency of the white markings in the plumage. In 1880 a breeder named Cobb showed a group. Some birds were exported from Britain to the United States in 1888. Rose-combed Ancona chickens were first shown in Birmingham in 1910.[5]
In the United States, the single-comb Ancona was recognised by the American Poultry Association in 1898, and the rose-comb bird in 1914.[1][7]
Characteristics
[edit]The Ancona is a typical Mediterranean breed, rustic, lively and hardy.[4] Birds range widely and take flight easily.[7]
The plumage is black, mottled with white. Approximately one feather in three has a v-shaped white marking at the tip. All primaries, sickles and tail-feathers should have white tips. The black feathers may have a beetle-green tint. In Italy, blue mottled with white is also recognised in full-size birds, but not in bantams. Australia recognises a Red variety, with a chestnut to red bay ground colour.[8]
The legs are yellow mottled with black, the beak yellow with some black markings on the upper mandible, and the eye orange-red. The skin is yellow, the ear-lobes white or cream-coloured. The comb is of medium size, with five well-marked points; in hens it should fall gracefully to one side.[4] In the United Kingdom and in the United States, but not in Italy, a rose comb is permitted.[7]
Cocks weigh 2.5 to 2.8 kg (5.5 to 6.2 lb) and hens 1.8 to 2.1 kg (4.0 to 4.6 lb);[4] ring sizes are 18 mm (0.71 in) and 16 mm (0.63 in) respectively for full-sized birds, and 13 mm (0.51 in) and 11 mm (0.43 in) for bantams.[9]
Use
[edit]The Ancona is a good layer of white eggs, of which it lays an average of 220 per year;[6] the eggs weigh 50 g (1.8 oz) or more.[4] Hens have little tendency to broodiness; pullets may begin to lay at 5 months.[citation needed]
References
[edit]- ^ a b APA Recognized Breeds and Varieties: As of January 1, 2012. American Poultry Association. Archived 4 November 2017.
- ^ Breed Classification. Poultry Club of Great Britain. Archived 12 June 2018.
- ^ Pollo Ancona: biodiversità e animali da fattoria (in Italian). Associazione Civiltà Contadina per la salvaguardia della biodiversità rurale. Archived 3 February 2012.
- ^ a b c d e Ancona (in Italian). Atlante delle razze di Polli – Razze italiane. Accessed June 2013.
- ^ a b Alessio Zanon (2003–2012). Ancona (in Italian). Il Pollaio del Re. Archived 3 July 2012.
- ^ a b Breed data sheet: Ancona/Italy. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed August 2014.
- ^ a b c Ancona Chicken. American Livestock Breeds Conservancy, 1993–2009. Archived 10 April 2013.
- ^ Limited, Victorian Poultry Fanciers Association (2011). Australian poultry standards (2nd ed.). Ballarat, Vic.: Victorian Poultry Fanciers Association Limited. pp. 26–27. ISBN 9781921488238.
{{cite book}}:|last1=has generic name (help) - ^ Elenco delle razze riconosciute dallo Standard Italiano: anelli di riconoscimento e colorazioni ufficiali (in Italian). Federazione Italiana Associazioni Avicole. Archived 27 June 2013.