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{{Other uses|Fotheringay (disambiguation)}} |
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:''For the folk group, see [[Fotheringay]].'' |
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{{Use British English|date=March 2014}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} |
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{{Infobox UK place |
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|country = England |
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|official_name= Fotheringhay |
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|coordinates = {{coord|52.5292|-0.4463|display=inline,title}} |
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|population= 119 |
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|population_ref= (2011) |
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|civil_parish = Fotheringhay |
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|unitary_england= [[North Northamptonshire]] |
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|lieutenancy_england= [[Northamptonshire]] |
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|region= East Midlands |
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|constituency_westminster= [[Corby (UK Parliament constituency)|Corby]] |
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|post_town= Peterborough |
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|postcode_district = PE8 |
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|postcode_area= PE |
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|dial_code= 01832 |
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|os_grid_reference= TL0593 |
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|london_distance= |
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|static_image_name=Fotheringhay nene.jpg |
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|static_image_caption= Fotheringhay, across the [[River Nene]] |
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}} |
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'''Fotheringhay''' is a village in [[Northamptonshire]], [[ |
'''Fotheringhay''' is a village and [[civil parishes in England|civil parish]] in [[North Northamptonshire]], England. It is {{convert|4|mi|km}} north-east of [[Oundle]] and around {{convert|13|mi|km}} west of [[Peterborough]]. It is most noted for being the site of [[Fotheringhay Castle|Fotheringhay (or Fotheringay) Castle]] which was razed in 1627. There is nothing left of the castle to be seen today other than the [[motte-and-bailey|motte]] on which it was built that provides excellent views of the [[River Nene]]. The [[Nene Way]] [[long distance footpath]] runs through the village. |
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As the home of the great [[House of York|Yorkist]] line, the village was, for a considerable part of the 15th and 16th centuries, of national standing. The death of [[Richard III of England|Richard III]] at [[Battle of Bosworth Field|Bosworth Field]] altered its history irrevocably. As the historian John Nicholls stated, "Fotheringhay has been distinguished beyond any other place in Britain, except the Capital, by the aggravated misfortunes of Royalty."<ref name=bonney>{{cite book|title=Historic Notices in Reference to Fotheringhay|url=https://archive.org/details/historicnotices01bonngoog|author=Henry Kaye Bonney|year=1821}}</ref> |
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It was traditionally the home of the Dukes of [[York]]. [[Richard III of England]] was born there in [[1452]], and his father, [[Richard, Duke of York]] was re-buried at the nearby church in [[1476]]. |
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At the time of the [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 census]], the parish's population was 123 people,<ref>{{cite web|title= Fotheringhay CP |work=Parish headcounts |url= http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=797249&c=fotheringhay&d=16&e=15&g=472581&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1260099444531&enc=1&dsFamilyId=779 |publisher= [[Office for National Statistics]] |access-date=6 December 2009}}</ref> reducing to 119 at the 2011 census.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11123550&c=Fotheringhay&d=16&e=62&g=6451152&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1467555421562&enc=1|title=Civil Parish population 2011|access-date=3 July 2016|publisher=Office for National Statistics|work=Neighbourhood Statistics}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Fotheringhay is also where [[ |
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== History == |
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The large '''Fotheringhay Church''' with its tall and distinctive tower is the only part of the original structure which was constructed in [[1434]]. |
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The first written mention of a settlement here was in 1060, and the [[Domesday Book]] of 1086 lists the site as 'Fodringeia'. [[John Leland (antiquary)|John Leland]] wrote this as 'Foderingeye' or "Fodering inclosure", referring to the section of the forest that is segregated for the purpose of producing hay.<ref name=bonney/> During the medieval period the village was variously mentioned as Foderingey, Foderinghay, Forderinghay, and Fotheringhaye. |
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The [[Nene Way]] [[long distance footpath]] runs through the village. |
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Access to the village was formerly via a [[ford (crossing)|ford]] of the Nene adjacent to the former castle site. The first bridge built was ordered by [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth I]] in 1573. The present bridge was built by [[George Portwood]] of [[Stamford, Lincolnshire|Stamford]] in 1722 under the orders of the [[Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham|Earl of Nottingham]], then proprietor of the estate.<ref name=bonney/> |
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In medieval times, it hosted a weekly market, held between at least the start of the fourteenth century and around the mid-fifteenth century, and was also the site of an annual fair beginning on the eve of [[Michaelmas|the feast of St Michael]] (later moving to the Sunday after [[Relic Sunday]] in July and still celebrated in the nineteenth century).<ref name=bonney/> |
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Sixteenth-century Fotheringhay, as observed by Leland, consisted a single street of around 40 houses and a population of around 300. In the 17th century the population dropped sharply when the castle was destroyed. By 1811 it had risen to a peak of around 310 but has fallen steadily since.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_chart_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10274606&c_id=10001043&add=N| |
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title=Fotheringhay AP/CP: Total population|publisher=visionofbritain.org}}</ref> The present population is 125 (2006 est.).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.east-northamptonshire.gov.uk/pp/service/detail.asp?id=2541|title=East Northamptonshire Population Figures|publisher=East Northamptonshire District Council|year=2006|access-date=27 January 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070425113746/http://www.east-northamptonshire.gov.uk/pp/service/detail.asp?id=2541|archive-date=25 April 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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The village was formerly home to a renowned grammar school, believed to have been formed as the continuation of the collegiate church and probably founded by [[Edward VI of England|Edward VI]]. |
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Notable former residents include Walter de Foderingey, the first principal of [[Balliol College, Oxford]] in 1282. |
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The lordship of the town and the castle passed through many hands through the years. From the [[Earl of Newport]], the lordship passed to [[George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax]], and thence to his son, [[William Savile, 2nd Marquess of Halifax|William Savile]], the second Marquis, who died without issue. The manor and castle were then sold by his father-in-law, [[Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham]], to Hewer Edgeley Hewer (heir to [[William Hewer]], [[Samuel Pepys]]' onetime servant and later protégé in the Admiralty). Hewer himself died without issue on 6 November 1728, when it passed to Hewer's heirs, the Blackborne family.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/historicnotices01bonngoog/page/n45 <!-- pg=32 --> ''Historic Notices in reference to Fotheringhay''], [[Henry Kaye Bonney]], 1821.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Pn4OAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA13 Thoroton v. Blackbourne, William Kelynge's Reports in Chancery, Great Britain Court of King's Bench, 1764]</ref> In 1797 Samuel Pepys's great-great-nephew [[Samuel Pepys Cockerell]] sold the estate of Rev. Abraham Blackborne in Fotheringhay.<ref>[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/A2A/records.aspx?cat=109-aa_1-1_2&cid=-1&Gsm=2008-06-18 Archbishop of Canterbury Archives, Lambeth Palace Library, The National Archives, nationalarchives.gov.uk]</ref> |
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Eventually the lordship of the manor and castle came to the Belsey family. |
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{{main|Fotheringhay Castle}} |
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After the manor came into the possession of [[Edward III of England|Edward III]] he passed it to his son [[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York]], founder of the Yorkist line. The castle then became the home of the [[Duke of York|Dukes of York]]. [[Richard III of England|Richard III]] was born there in 1452, and his father, [[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]] was re-buried at the nearby church in 1476. Duke Richard's wife, [[Cecily Neville]], Duchess of York, was later interred in the same tomb. The tomb opposite contains the body of Edward, the 2nd Duke of York, who was killed at the Battle of Agincourt. |
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| ⚫ | Fotheringhay is also where [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], was tried and [[Decapitation|beheaded]] in 1587, and her body lay there for some months before its burial at [[Peterborough Cathedral]] and then its final burial in [[Westminster Abbey]]. Although it is often said that [[James I of England|James I]] destroyed the castle because his mother was killed there, the facts are rather more prosaic; it fell into such disrepair that it had to be pulled down, and the stones were all taken to be used in other buildings. Local legend has it that the staircase from the castle is now in the Talbot Hotel in [[Oundle]].<ref>Historical display in Fotheringhay Church, 2007</ref> |
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== Church of St Mary and All Saints == |
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[[File:Church-of-st-mary-fotheringhay-uk.jpg|thumb|Church of St Mary and All Saints, Fotheringhay]] |
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{{details|Church of St Mary and All Saints, Fotheringhay}} |
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The work on the present church was begun by [[Edward III of England|Edward III]] who also built a college as a cloister on the church's southern side. After completion in around 1430, a parish church of similar style was added to the western end of the collegiate church with work beginning in 1434. It is the parish church which still remains. |
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The large present church is named in honour of St Mary and All Saints, and has a distinctive tall tower dominating the local skyline. The church is [[Perpendicular Period|Perpendicular]] in style and although only the nave, aisles and octagonal tower remain of the original building it is still in the best style of its period.<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Fotheringhay}}</ref> |
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The church contains a notable 15th-century painted [[pulpit]] donated by [[Edward IV of England|Edward IV]]. |
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[[Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York]], who was killed at the [[Battle of Agincourt]] in 1415, [[Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York]], and his wife, [[Cecily Neville]] as well as his son [[Edmund, Earl of Rutland]], who with Richard himself, fell at the [[Battle of Wakefield]] in 1460, are buried in the church. After the choir of the church was destroyed in the 16th century, [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth I]] ordered the removal of the smashed York tombs and created the present monuments to the third Duke and his wife around the altar. |
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The birthday of Richard III is commemorated annually by the [[Richard III Society]] by the placing of white roses in the church. |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Commons category|Fotheringhay}} |
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*[http://www.northamptonshire.co.uk/guides/fotheringhay/1pic.htm |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050316233447/http://www.northamptonshire.co.uk/guides/fotheringhay/1pic.htm Pictures of Fotheringhay] |
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*{{oscoor gbx|TL060932}} |
*{{oscoor gbx|TL060932}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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{{coor title d|52.52637|N|0.43898|W|region:GB_source:enwiki-osgb36(TL060932)}}<!-- Note: WGS84 lat/long, converted from OSGB36 grid ref --> |
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[[Category:Buildings and structures in Northamptonshire]] |
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Northamptonshire]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:North Northamptonshire]] |
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[[Category:Civil parishes in Northamptonshire]] |
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Latest revision as of 07:54, 18 March 2023
| Fotheringhay | |
|---|---|
 Fotheringhay, across the River Nene | |
.svg)  Fotheringhay Location within Northamptonshire | |
| Population | 119 (2011) |
| OS grid reference | TL0593 |
| Civil parish |
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| Unitary authority | |
| Ceremonial county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Peterborough |
| Postcode district | PE8 |
| Dialling code | 01832 |
| Police | Northamptonshire |
| Fire | Northamptonshire |
| Ambulance | East Midlands |
| UK Parliament | |
Fotheringhay is a village and civil parish in North Northamptonshire, England. It is 4 miles (6.4 km) north-east of Oundle and around 13 miles (21 km) west of Peterborough. It is most noted for being the site of Fotheringhay (or Fotheringay) Castle which was razed in 1627. There is nothing left of the castle to be seen today other than the motte on which it was built that provides excellent views of the River Nene. The Nene Way long distance footpath runs through the village.
As the home of the great Yorkist line, the village was, for a considerable part of the 15th and 16th centuries, of national standing. The death of Richard III at Bosworth Field altered its history irrevocably. As the historian John Nicholls stated, "Fotheringhay has been distinguished beyond any other place in Britain, except the Capital, by the aggravated misfortunes of Royalty."[1]
At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 123 people,[2] reducing to 119 at the 2011 census.[3]
History
[edit]The first written mention of a settlement here was in 1060, and the Domesday Book of 1086 lists the site as 'Fodringeia'. John Leland wrote this as 'Foderingeye' or "Fodering inclosure", referring to the section of the forest that is segregated for the purpose of producing hay.[1] During the medieval period the village was variously mentioned as Foderingey, Foderinghay, Forderinghay, and Fotheringhaye.
Access to the village was formerly via a ford of the Nene adjacent to the former castle site. The first bridge built was ordered by Elizabeth I in 1573. The present bridge was built by George Portwood of Stamford in 1722 under the orders of the Earl of Nottingham, then proprietor of the estate.[1]
In medieval times, it hosted a weekly market, held between at least the start of the fourteenth century and around the mid-fifteenth century, and was also the site of an annual fair beginning on the eve of the feast of St Michael (later moving to the Sunday after Relic Sunday in July and still celebrated in the nineteenth century).[1]
Sixteenth-century Fotheringhay, as observed by Leland, consisted a single street of around 40 houses and a population of around 300. In the 17th century the population dropped sharply when the castle was destroyed. By 1811 it had risen to a peak of around 310 but has fallen steadily since.[4] The present population is 125 (2006 est.).[5]
The village was formerly home to a renowned grammar school, believed to have been formed as the continuation of the collegiate church and probably founded by Edward VI.
Notable former residents include Walter de Foderingey, the first principal of Balliol College, Oxford in 1282.
The lordship of the town and the castle passed through many hands through the years. From the Earl of Newport, the lordship passed to George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, and thence to his son, William Savile, the second Marquis, who died without issue. The manor and castle were then sold by his father-in-law, Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham, to Hewer Edgeley Hewer (heir to William Hewer, Samuel Pepys' onetime servant and later protégé in the Admiralty). Hewer himself died without issue on 6 November 1728, when it passed to Hewer's heirs, the Blackborne family.[6][7] In 1797 Samuel Pepys's great-great-nephew Samuel Pepys Cockerell sold the estate of Rev. Abraham Blackborne in Fotheringhay.[8]
Eventually the lordship of the manor and castle came to the Belsey family.
Fotheringhay Castle
[edit]After the manor came into the possession of Edward III he passed it to his son Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, founder of the Yorkist line. The castle then became the home of the Dukes of York. Richard III was born there in 1452, and his father, Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York was re-buried at the nearby church in 1476. Duke Richard's wife, Cecily Neville, Duchess of York, was later interred in the same tomb. The tomb opposite contains the body of Edward, the 2nd Duke of York, who was killed at the Battle of Agincourt.
Fotheringhay is also where Mary, Queen of Scots, was tried and beheaded in 1587, and her body lay there for some months before its burial at Peterborough Cathedral and then its final burial in Westminster Abbey. Although it is often said that James I destroyed the castle because his mother was killed there, the facts are rather more prosaic; it fell into such disrepair that it had to be pulled down, and the stones were all taken to be used in other buildings. Local legend has it that the staircase from the castle is now in the Talbot Hotel in Oundle.[9]
Church of St Mary and All Saints
[edit]
The work on the present church was begun by Edward III who also built a college as a cloister on the church's southern side. After completion in around 1430, a parish church of similar style was added to the western end of the collegiate church with work beginning in 1434. It is the parish church which still remains.
The large present church is named in honour of St Mary and All Saints, and has a distinctive tall tower dominating the local skyline. The church is Perpendicular in style and although only the nave, aisles and octagonal tower remain of the original building it is still in the best style of its period.[10]
The church contains a notable 15th-century painted pulpit donated by Edward IV.
Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York, who was killed at the Battle of Agincourt in 1415, Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and his wife, Cecily Neville as well as his son Edmund, Earl of Rutland, who with Richard himself, fell at the Battle of Wakefield in 1460, are buried in the church. After the choir of the church was destroyed in the 16th century, Elizabeth I ordered the removal of the smashed York tombs and created the present monuments to the third Duke and his wife around the altar.
The birthday of Richard III is commemorated annually by the Richard III Society by the placing of white roses in the church.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Henry Kaye Bonney (1821). Historic Notices in Reference to Fotheringhay.
- ^ "Fotheringhay CP". Parish headcounts. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 6 December 2009.
- ^ "Civil Parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 3 July 2016.
- ^ "Fotheringhay AP/CP: Total population". visionofbritain.org.
- ^ "East Northamptonshire Population Figures". East Northamptonshire District Council. 2006. Archived from the original on 25 April 2007. Retrieved 27 January 2008.
- ^ Historic Notices in reference to Fotheringhay, Henry Kaye Bonney, 1821.
- ^ Thoroton v. Blackbourne, William Kelynge's Reports in Chancery, Great Britain Court of King's Bench, 1764
- ^ Archbishop of Canterbury Archives, Lambeth Palace Library, The National Archives, nationalarchives.gov.uk
- ^ Historical display in Fotheringhay Church, 2007
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
External links
[edit]
- Pictures of Fotheringhay
- Map sources for Fotheringhay
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