Serum iron: Difference between revisions
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{{Diagnostic infobox |
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| Name = Serum iron |
| Name = Serum iron |
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| MedlinePlus = 003488 |
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'''[[Blood plasma|Serum]] iron''' is a [[medicine|medical]] laboratory test that measures the amount of circulating [[iron]] that is bound to [[transferrin]]. Clinicians order this laboratory test when they are concerned about [[Iron deficiency (medicine)|iron deficiency]], which can cause [[anemia]] and other problems. |
'''[[Blood plasma|Serum]] iron''' is a [[medicine|medical]] laboratory test that measures the amount of circulating [[iron]] that is bound to [[transferrin]] and freely circulate in the blood. Clinicians order this laboratory test when they are concerned about [[Iron deficiency (medicine)|iron deficiency]], which can cause [[anemia]] and other problems. 65% of the iron in the body is bound up in [[hemoglobin]] molecules in [[red blood cell]]s. About 4% is bound up in [[myoglobin]] molecules. Around 30% of the iron in the body is stored as [[ferritin]] or [[hemosiderin]] in the [[spleen]], the [[bone marrow]] and the [[liver]]. Small amounts of iron can be found in other molecules in cells throughout the body. None of this iron is directly accessible by testing the serum.{{cn|date=November 2021}}} |
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| ⚫ | However, some iron is circulating in the serum. Transferrin is a molecule produced by the liver that binds one or two iron(III) [[ions]], i.e. ferric iron, Fe<sup>3+</sup>; transferrin is essential if stored iron is to be moved and used. Most of the time, about 30% of the available sites on the transferrin molecule are filled. The test for serum iron uses blood drawn from [[vein]]s to measure the iron ions that are bound to transferrin and circulating in the blood. This test should be done after 12 hours of fasting. The extent to which sites on transferrin molecules are filled by iron ions can be another helpful clinical indicator, known as [[percent transferrin saturation]]. Another lab test saturates the sample to measure the total amount of transferrin; this test is called [[total iron-binding capacity]] (TIBC). These three tests are generally done at the same time, and taken together are an important part of the diagnostic process for conditions such as [[anemia]], [[iron deficiency anemia]], [[anemia of chronic disease]] and [[haemochromatosis]].{{citation needed|date=July 2020}} |
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65% of the iron in the body is bound up in [[hemoglobin]] molecules in [[red blood cell]]s. About 4% is bound up in [[myoglobin]] molecules. Around 30% of the iron in the body is stored as [[ferritin]] or [[hemosiderin]] in the [[spleen]], the [[bone marrow]] and the [[liver]]. Small amounts of iron can be found in other molecules in cells throughout the body. None of this iron is directly accessible by testing the serum. |
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However, some iron is circulating in the serum. Transferrin is a molecule produced by the liver that binds one or two iron(III) [[ions]], i.e. ferric iron, Fe3+; transferrin is essential if stored iron is to be moved and used. |
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Most of the time, about 30% of the available sites on the transferrin molecule are filled. The test for serum iron uses blood drawn from [[vein]]s to measure the iron molecules that are bound to transferrin, and circulating in the blood. |
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| ⚫ | The extent to which sites on transferrin molecules are filled by iron ions can be another helpful clinical indicator, known as [[percent transferrin saturation]]. Another lab test saturates the sample to measure the total amount of transferrin; this test is called [[total iron-binding capacity]] (TIBC). These three tests are generally done at the same time, and taken together are an important part of the diagnostic process for conditions such as [[anemia]], [[iron deficiency anemia]], [[anemia of chronic disease]] and [[ |
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==Normal values== |
==Normal values== |
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Normal [[reference ranges for blood tests|reference ranges]] are: |
Normal [[reference ranges for blood tests|reference ranges]] are: |
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* Serum |
* Serum iron:<ref name=uimc>[http://uimc.discoveryhospital.com/main.php?t=enc&id=1456 Serum Iron] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061028111833/http://uimc.discoveryhospital.com/main.php?t=enc&id=1456 |date=2006-10-28 }}. University of Illinois Medical Center. Accessed July 6, 2006.</ref> |
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** Men: 65 to 176 μg/dL |
** Men: 65 to 176 μg/dL |
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** Women: 50 to 170 μg/dL |
** Women: 50 to 170 μg/dL |
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** Newborns: 100 to 250 μg/dL |
** Newborns: 100 to 250 μg/dL |
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** Children: 50 to 120 μg/dL |
** Children: 50 to 120 μg/dL |
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* [[Total iron-binding capacity |
* [[Total iron-binding capacity|TIBC]]: 240–450 μg/dL <ref name=uimc/> |
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* [[Transferrin saturation]]: 20–50% <ref name=uimc/> |
* [[Transferrin saturation]]: 20–50% <ref name=uimc/> |
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[[File:Blood values sorted by mass and molar concentration.png|thumb|550px|center|[[Reference ranges for blood tests]], comparing blood content of iron and related compounds (shown in brown and orange) with other constituents.]] |
[[File:Blood values sorted by mass and molar concentration.png|thumb|550px|center|[[Reference ranges for blood tests]], comparing blood content of iron and related compounds (shown in brown and orange) with other constituents.]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
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* Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia: [ |
* Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia: [https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003488.htm Serum Iron]. |
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* Schrier SL. Regulation of iron balance. [http://www.uptodate.com Up-to-Date]. Accessed December 5, 2005. (Requires subscription.) |
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{{Hematology}} |
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{{Blood tests}} |
{{Blood tests}} |
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[[Category:Blood tests]] |
[[Category:Blood tests]] |
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[[Category:Iron metabolism]] |
[[Category:Iron metabolism]] |
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[[Category:Chemical pathology]] |
[[Category:Chemical pathology]] |
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[[fr:Fer_sérique]] |
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[[it:Sideremia]] |
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Latest revision as of 15:16, 11 April 2023
| Serum iron | |
|---|---|
| MedlinePlus | 003488 |
Serum iron is a medical laboratory test that measures the amount of circulating iron that is bound to transferrin and freely circulate in the blood. Clinicians order this laboratory test when they are concerned about iron deficiency, which can cause anemia and other problems. 65% of the iron in the body is bound up in hemoglobin molecules in red blood cells. About 4% is bound up in myoglobin molecules. Around 30% of the iron in the body is stored as ferritin or hemosiderin in the spleen, the bone marrow and the liver. Small amounts of iron can be found in other molecules in cells throughout the body. None of this iron is directly accessible by testing the serum.[citation needed]}
However, some iron is circulating in the serum. Transferrin is a molecule produced by the liver that binds one or two iron(III) ions, i.e. ferric iron, Fe3+; transferrin is essential if stored iron is to be moved and used. Most of the time, about 30% of the available sites on the transferrin molecule are filled. The test for serum iron uses blood drawn from veins to measure the iron ions that are bound to transferrin and circulating in the blood. This test should be done after 12 hours of fasting. The extent to which sites on transferrin molecules are filled by iron ions can be another helpful clinical indicator, known as percent transferrin saturation. Another lab test saturates the sample to measure the total amount of transferrin; this test is called total iron-binding capacity (TIBC). These three tests are generally done at the same time, and taken together are an important part of the diagnostic process for conditions such as anemia, iron deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic disease and haemochromatosis.[citation needed]
Normal values
[edit]Normal reference ranges are:
- Serum iron:[1]
- Men: 65 to 176 μg/dL
- Women: 50 to 170 μg/dL
- Newborns: 100 to 250 μg/dL
- Children: 50 to 120 μg/dL
- TIBC: 240–450 μg/dL [1]
- Transferrin saturation: 20–50% [1]
μg/dL = micrograms per deciliter.
Laboratories often use different units and "normal" may vary by population and the lab techniques used; look at the individual laboratory reference values to interpret a specific test (for instance, your own).
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Serum Iron Archived 2006-10-28 at the Wayback Machine. University of Illinois Medical Center. Accessed July 6, 2006.
Further reading
[edit]- Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia: Serum Iron.