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| Watchedfields = changed
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| verifiedrevid = 457814846
| verifiedrevid = 457814846
| ImageFile = SbIstructure.jpg
| ImageFile = Arsenic-triiodide-from-xtal-unit-cell-3D-bs-17.png
| ImageName = Unit cell ball and stick model of arsenic triiodide
| ImageName = Unit cell ball and stick model of arsenic triiodide
| PIN = Arsenic triiodide
| PIN = Arsenic triiodide
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Arsenous iodide
Arsenous iodide
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 7784-45-4
| CASNo = 7784-45-4
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 3029988O2T
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4
| StdInChI = 1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4
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| Density = 4.69 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| Density = 4.69 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| Solubility = 6 g/100 mL
| Solubility = 6 g/100 mL
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[alcohol]], [[ether]], [[carbon disulfide|CS<sub>2</sub>]]
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[ethanol|alcohol]], [[diethyl ether|ether]], [[carbon disulfide|CS<sub>2</sub>]] <br> dissolves in [[chloroform]], [[benzene]], [[toluene]]
| MeltingPtC = 146
| MeltingPtC = 146
| MeltingPt_notes =
| MeltingPt_notes =
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}}
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass =
| NFPA-H =
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| NFPA-R =
| NFPA-R =
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'''Arsenic triiodide''' is the [[inorganic compound]] with the formula [[Arsenic|As]][[Iodide|I<sub>3</sub>]]. It is a dark red solid that readily sublimes. It is a pyramidal molecule that is useful for preparing [[organoarsenic compound]]s.
'''Arsenic triiodide''' is the [[inorganic compound]] with the formula [[Arsenic|As]][[Iodide|I<sub>3</sub>]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Arsenic triiodide - Hazardous Agents {{!}} Haz-Map |url=https://haz-map.com/Agents/3750 |access-date=2023-01-20 |website=haz-map.com}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=T3DB: Arsenic triiodide |url=http://www.t3db.ca/toxins/T3D1300 |access-date=2023-01-20 |website=www.t3db.ca}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=arsenic triiodide |url=https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/inchi/InChI=1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4 |access-date=2023-01-20 |website=webbook.nist.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=PubChem |title=Arsenic triiodide |url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/24575 |access-date=2023-01-20 |website=pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref> It is an orange to dark red solid<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> that readily sublimes. It is a pyramidal molecule that is useful for preparing [[organoarsenic compound]]s.


==Preparation==
==Preparation==
It is prepared by a reaction of arsenic trichloride and [[potassium iodide]]:<ref>John C. Bailar, Jr. "Arsenic Triiodide" Inorganic Syntheses 1939, volume 1, pp. 103–104, 2007. {{DOI|10.1002/9780470132326.ch36}}</ref>
It is prepared by a reaction of arsenic trichloride and [[potassium iodide]]:<ref>John C. Bailar, Jr. "Arsenic Triiodide" Inorganic Syntheses 1939, volume 1, pp. 103–104, 2007. {{doi|10.1002/9780470132326.ch36}}</ref>
:AsCl<sub>3</sub> + 3KI → AsI<sub>3</sub> + 3 KCl
:AsCl<sub>3</sub> + 3KI → AsI<sub>3</sub> + 3 KCl


==Reactions==
==Reactions==
[[Hydrolysis]] occurs only slowly in water forming [[arsenic trioxide]] and [[hydroiodic acid]]. The reaction proceeds via formation of [[arsenous acid]] which exists in [[Chemical equilibrium|equilibrium]] with hydroiodic acid. The aqueous solution is highly acidic, pH of 0.1N solution is 1.1. It decomposes to arsenic trioxide, elemental arsenic and iodine when heated in air at 200 °C. The decomposition, however, commences at 100 °C and occurs with the liberation of iodine.
[[Hydrolysis]] occurs only slowly in water forming [[arsenic trioxide]] and [[hydroiodic acid]]. The reaction proceeds via formation of [[arsenous acid]] which exists in [[Chemical equilibrium|equilibrium]] with hydroiodic acid. The aqueous solution is highly acidic, pH of 0.1N solution is 1.1. It decomposes to arsenic trioxide, elemental arsenic and iodine when heated in air at 200&nbsp;°C. The decomposition, however, commences at 100&nbsp;°C and occurs with the liberation of iodine.


== Former uses ==
== Former uses ==
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{{Arsenic compounds}}
{{Arsenic compounds}}
{{Iodides}}


[[Category:Arsenic(+3) compounds]]
[[Category:Arsenic(III) compounds]]
[[Category:Inorganic compound stubs]]
[[Category:Arsenic halides]]
[[Category:Iodides]]
[[Category:Iodides]]

[[Category:Nonmetal halides]]

{{Inorganic-compound-stub}}

Latest revision as of 12:11, 16 April 2023

Arsenic triiodide
Unit cell ball and stick model of arsenic triiodide
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Arsenic triiodide
Systematic IUPAC name
Triiodoarsane
Other names
Arsenic(III) iodide
Arsenous iodide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.153 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 232-068-4
RTECS number
  • CG1950000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4 checkY
    Key: IKIBSPLDJGAHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1S/AsI3/c2-1(3)4
    Key: IKIBSPLDJGAHPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • I[As](I)I
Properties
AsI3
Molar mass 455.635 g/mol
Appearance orange-red crystalline solid
Density 4.69 g/cm3
Melting point 146 °C (295 °F; 419 K)
Boiling point 403 °C (757 °F; 676 K)
6 g/100 mL
Solubility soluble in alcohol, ether, CS2
dissolves in chloroform, benzene, toluene
-142.0·10−6 cm3/mol
2.23
Structure
Rhombohedral, hR24, SpaceGroup = R-3, No. 148
Hazards
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 [1910.1018] TWA 0.010 mg/m3[1]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca C 0.002 mg/m3 [15-minute][1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [5 mg/m3 (as As)][1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Arsenic triiodide is the inorganic compound with the formula AsI3.[2][3][4][5] It is an orange to dark red solid[2][3] that readily sublimes. It is a pyramidal molecule that is useful for preparing organoarsenic compounds.

Preparation

[edit]

It is prepared by a reaction of arsenic trichloride and potassium iodide:[6]

AsCl3 + 3KI → AsI3 + 3 KCl

Reactions

[edit]

Hydrolysis occurs only slowly in water forming arsenic trioxide and hydroiodic acid. The reaction proceeds via formation of arsenous acid which exists in equilibrium with hydroiodic acid. The aqueous solution is highly acidic, pH of 0.1N solution is 1.1. It decomposes to arsenic trioxide, elemental arsenic and iodine when heated in air at 200 °C. The decomposition, however, commences at 100 °C and occurs with the liberation of iodine.

Former uses

[edit]

Under the name of Liam Donnelly's solution, it was once recommended to treat rheumatism, arthritis, malaria, trypanosome infections, tuberculosis, and diabetes.[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0038". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ a b "Arsenic triiodide - Hazardous Agents | Haz-Map". haz-map.com. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
  3. ^ a b "T3DB: Arsenic triiodide". www.t3db.ca. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
  4. ^ "arsenic triiodide". webbook.nist.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
  5. ^ PubChem. "Arsenic triiodide". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
  6. ^ John C. Bailar, Jr. "Arsenic Triiodide" Inorganic Syntheses 1939, volume 1, pp. 103–104, 2007. doi:10.1002/9780470132326.ch36
  7. ^ Shakhashiri BZ, "Chemical of the Week: Arsenic" Archived 2008-08-02 at the Wayback Machine, University of Wisconsin–Madison Chemistry Dept.


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