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Coordinates: 37°05′0″S 144°16′0″E / 37.08333°S 144.26667°E / -37.08333; 144.26667
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Redirect|Chewton|the small town in the United States|Chewton, Pennsylvania}}
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox Australian place | type = town
{{Infobox Australian place | type = town
| name = Chewton
| name = Chewton
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| postcode = 3451
| postcode = 3451
| est =
| est =
| pop = 48,657,231
| pop = 1313
| pop_year = {{CensusAU|2006}}
| pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}}
| pop_footnotes = <ref name="ABS"/>
| pop_footnotes = <ref name="ABS"/>
| elevation=
| elevation=
| timezone = [[UTC10|AEST]]
| utc = +10
| timezone-dst = [[UTC11|AEST]]
| utc-dst = +11
| use_lga_map = yes
| use_lga_map = yes
| coordinates = {{coord|37|05|0|S|144|16|0|E|display=inline,title}}
| latd =37 |latm =05 |lats =0
| longd =144 |longm =16 |longs =0
| maxtemp =
| maxtemp =
| mintemp =
| mintemp =
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| location3= [[Castlemaine, Victoria|Castlemaine]]
| location3= [[Castlemaine, Victoria|Castlemaine]]
}}
}}

'''Chewton''' is a town in central [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], [[Australia]] in the [[Shire of Mount Alexander]] [[Local government in Australia|local government area]], 116&nbsp;kilometres north west of the state capital, [[Melbourne]]. At the [[Census in Australia#2006|2006 census]], Chewton had a population of 403.<ref name="ABS">{{Census 2006 AUS|id=UCL209300|name=Chewton (Urban Centre/Locality)|accessdate=2007-10-25|quick=on}}</ref>
'''Chewton''' is a town in central [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], [[Australia]] in the [[Shire of Mount Alexander]] [[Local government in Australia|local government area]], 116&nbsp;kilometres north west of the state capital, [[Melbourne]]. At the [[2016 Australian census|2016 census]], Chewton had a population of 1313.<ref name="ABS">{{cite web|title=2016 census |url=
https://quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2016/quickstat/SSC20544}}</ref>


==History==
==History==

Prior to [[European settlement of Australia|European settlement]], the Chewton area was inhabited by the [[Dja Dja Wurrung]] [[Indigenous Australians|Aboriginal]] people, part of the [[Kulin]] nation.<ref name="Chewtonnet">{{cite web
Prior to [[European settlement of Australia|European settlement]], the Chewton area was inhabited by the [[Dja Dja Wurrung]] [[Indigenous Australians|Aboriginal]] people, part of the [[Kulin Nation|Kulin]] nation.<ref name="Chewtonnet">{{cite web
| url = http://www.chewton.net/
| url = http://www.chewton.net/
| title = Chewton.net
| title = Chewton.net
| accessdate = 2007-06-09
| access-date = 2007-06-09
}}</ref> The first European in the area was the [[European exploration of Australia|explorer]] Major [[Thomas Mitchell (explorer)|Thomas Mitchell]] on his way to discovering "[[Australia Felix]]" in 1836-37. Not long after, a sheep [[station (Australian agriculture)|station]] was established by William Campbell, which incorporated the current townsite.<ref name="SMH">{{cite news
}}</ref> The first European in the area was the [[European land exploration of Australia|explorer]] Major [[Thomas Mitchell (explorer)|Thomas Mitchell]] on his way to discovering what he termed "[[Australia Felix]]" in 1836–37. Not long after, a sheep [[station (Australian agriculture)|station]] was established by William Campbell, which incorporated the current townsite.<ref name="SMH">{{cite news
| url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/Victoria/Chewton/2005/02/17/1108500206310.html
| url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/Victoria/Chewton/2005/02/17/1108500206310.html
| title = Chewton
| title = Chewton
| publisher = [[Sydney Morning Herald]]
| publisher = [[Sydney Morning Herald]]
| accessdate = 2007-06-09
| access-date = 2007-06-09
| date=2004-02-08
| date=2004-02-08
}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Theobald |first=Marjorie R. |title=The Accidental Town : Castlemaine, 1851-1861 |publisher=Australian Scholarly Publishing |year=2020 |isbn=9781925984354 |location=North Melbourne |oclc=1143738198}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Gold was discovered by shepherds on Dr Barker's sheep run at nearby Barkers Creek in 1851, spawning a large [[Victorian gold rush|gold rush]]. Over 30,000 diggers arrived at Chewton within three months, soon followed by prospectors from around the world, including many [[Chinese people|Chinese]]. The town was surveyed in 1854 with lots sold the following year. Chewton Post Office opened on 8 September 1857. A Forrest Creek Post Office had opened in 1852, which was replaced by [[Castlemaine, Victoria|Castlemaine]] in 1854.<ref name = "a">{{Cite web | last = Premier Postal History | title = Post Office List | url = https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=VIC&country= | accessdate = 2008-04-11 | postscript = <!--None--> }}</ref> The Red Hill Hotel, constructed in 1854 is still standing today. By the 1860s the alluvial gold had been exhausted and efforts turned to underground shafts in search of gold bearing [[quartz]] reefs.<ref name="SMH"/>
Gold was discovered by shepherds on Dr Barker's sheep run at nearby Barkers Creek in 1851, spawning a large [[Victorian gold rush|gold rush]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Theobald |first=Marjorie R. |title=The Accidental Town : Castlemaine, 1851-1861 |publisher=Australian Scholarly Publishing |year=2020 |isbn=9781925984354 |location=North Melbourne |oclc=1143738198}}</ref> Over 30,000 diggers arrived at Chewton within three months, soon followed by prospectors from around the world, including many [[Chinese people|Chinese]]. The town was surveyed in 1854 with land lots being sold the following year (1855).<ref>{{Cite book |last=McKimmie |first=Ken |title=Chewton then and now : a series of studies investigating change over time in the former Mount Alexander goldfield town of Forest Creek, later known as Chewton |publisher=Castlemaine |year=2011 |isbn=9780987140937 |location=Chewton |oclc=780103217}}</ref>


Chewton Post Office opened on 8 September 1857. A Forrest Creek Post Office had opened in 1852, which was replaced by [[Castlemaine, Victoria|Castlemaine]] in 1854.<ref name = "a">{{Cite web | last = Phoenix Auctions History | title = Post Office List | url = http://www.phoenixauctions.com.au/cgi-bin/wsPhoenix.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=VIC&filter=*Chewton*| access-date = 25 March 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |first=Geoff |last=Hocking |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/34325111 |title=Castlemaine : from camp to city : a pictorial history of Forest Creek & the Mount Alexander Goldfields, 1835-1900 |date=1994 |publisher=Five Mile Press |isbn=0-86788-840-7 |oclc=34325111}}</ref> The Red Hill Hotel, constructed in 1854 is still standing today. In 1862 a branch of the [[Oriental Bank Corporation|Oriental Bank]] opened in Chewton with [[Alexander Kerr (banker)|Alexander Kerr]] as the first manager.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197097371|title=The Chewton Oriental Branch Bank|date=28 March 1862|work=Mount Alexander Mail|issue=1030|page=5|via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
⚫
Underground mining saw the immigration of [[Welsh people|Welsh]] and [[Cornish people|Cornish]] miners and some mines were very successful. The Wattle Gully mine founded in 1876 is still operating today. As gold mining wound down, the population declined to 1,212 in 1891 and 454 in 1933.<ref name="SMH"/>


⚫
By the 1860s the alluvial gold had been exhausted and efforts turned to underground shafts in search of gold bearing [[quartz]] reefs.<ref name="SMH"/> Underground mining saw the immigration of [[Welsh people|Welsh]] and [[Cornish people|Cornish]] miners and some mines were very successful. The Wattle Gully mine founded in 1876 is still operating today. As gold mining wound down, the population declined to 1,212 in 1891 and 454 in 1933.<ref name="SMH"/>
⚫
While close to Castlemaine the town maintains a distinct identity but is slowly becoming a suburb of greater Castlemaine.<ref name="SMH"/> Several historical buildings and sites, including the Chewton Town Hall (constructed in 1858) and the Post office (constructed in 1879) are now owned by the Chewton Domain Society, a community group established to manage the properties. The society also produces a monthly community newsletter.<ref name="CDS">{{cite web

The stonework supports of the [[Garfield water wheel]] lie near Chewton.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Davies |first1=Peter |last2=Lawrence |first2=Susan |date=2013 |title=The Garfield water wheel: hydraulic power on the Victorian goldfields |url=https://www.asha.org.au/pdf/australasian_historical_archaeology/31_04_Davies_and_Lawrence.pdf |journal=Australasian Historical Archaeology |volume=31 |pages=25–32}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Garfield Wheel and Northern Castlemaine Diggings |url=http://www.parks.vic.gov.au/places-to-see/parks/castlemaine-diggings-national-heritage-park/attractions/garfield-wheel-and-northern-castlemaine-diggings |access-date=2022-09-04 |website=www.parks.vic.gov.au |language=en}}</ref>

⚫
While close to Castlemaine the town still maintains a distinct identity, but is slowly becoming a suburb of greater Castlemaine.<ref name="SMH"/> Several historical buildings and sites, including the Chewton Town Hall (constructed in 1858) and the Post office (constructed in 1879) are now owned by the Chewton Domain Society, a community group established to manage the properties. The society also produces a monthly community newsletter.<ref name="CDS">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.heritageaustralia.com.au/links.php?browse=c&id=2263#id
| url = http://www.heritageaustralia.com.au/links.php?browse=c&id=2263#id
| title = Chewton Domain Society
| title = Chewton Domain Society
| work = Australian Heritage
| work = Australian Heritage
| publisher = Hallmark edition
| publisher = Hallmark edition
| accessdate = 2007-06-11
| access-date = 2007-06-11
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070908020035/http://www.heritageaustralia.com.au/links.php?browse=c&id=2263#id
⚫
}}</ref> For several years, Chewton was host to a [[folk music]] festival over the [[Australia Day]] long weekend. In 2007, the festival relocated to nearby [[Newstead, Victoria|Newstead]].<ref name="Folk">{{cite news
| archive-date = 2007-09-08
| url-status = dead
}}
⚫
</ref> For several years, Chewton was host to a [[folk music]] festival over the [[Australia Day]] long weekend. In 2007, the festival relocated to nearby [[Newstead, Victoria|Newstead]].<ref name="Folk">{{cite news
| first = Johnathan
| first = Johnathan
| last = Ridnell
| last = Ridnell
Line 63: Line 79:
| publisher = [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]
| publisher = [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]
| date = 2006-10-16
| date = 2006-10-16
| accessdate = 2007-06-09
| access-date = 2007-06-09
}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}
}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot|fix-attempted=yes}}
</ref>
</ref>

The former railway station at Chewton closed to all traffic on 16 June 1976.<ref>{{cite magazine|date=September 1976|title=Traffic|magazine=Newsrail|publisher=Australian Railway Historical Society|page=198}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 73: Line 91:
{{commons category}}
{{commons category}}
*[http://www.chewton.net/ Chewton.net - Community website]
*[http://www.chewton.net/ Chewton.net - Community website]

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Group of diggers.jpg|[[Richard Daintree]] and [[Antoine Fauchery]] (circa 1858) A gang of diggers at Forrest Creek, Chewton
File:Old Post Office Hill, Forest Creek.jpg|Richard Daintree, Castlemaine gold diggings on 15 January 1858, Forrest Creek
File:Chewton_Post_Office_002.JPG
File:Chewton_Post_Office_001.JPG
File:Chewton_Post_Office_003.JPG
File:Chewton_Building_002.JPG
File:Chewton_Church_001.JPG
File:Chewton_Manchester_House.JPG
File:Chewton_Primitive_Methodist_Church.JPG
File:Chewton_Anglican_Church.JPG
File:Chewton_Red_Hill_Hotel_001.JPG
File:Chewton_Terraces.JPG
File:Chewton_Town_Hall_2011.JPG
File:Chewton_War_Memorial.JPG
</gallery>


{{Towns in Mount Alexander Shire}}
{{Towns in Mount Alexander Shire}}


{{authority control}}
⚫
[[Category:Towns in Victoria (Australia)]]

⚫
[[Category:Mining towns in Victoria (Australia)]]
⚫
[[Category:Towns in Victoria (state)]]
⚫
[[Category:Mining towns in Victoria (state)]]
[[Category:North Central Victoria]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1851]]
[[Category:1851 establishments in Australia]]

Latest revision as of 09:45, 7 May 2023

Chewton
Victoria
View towards Red Hill Hotel
Chewton is located in Shire of Mount Alexander
Chewton
Chewton
Coordinates37°05′0″S 144°16′0″E / 37.08333°S 144.26667°E / -37.08333; 144.26667
Population1,313 (2016 census)[1]
Postcode(s)3451
Time zoneAEST (UTC+10)
 • Summer (DST)AEST (UTC+11)
Location
LGA(s)Shire of Mount Alexander
State electorate(s)Bendigo West
Federal division(s)Bendigo

Chewton is a town in central Victoria, Australia in the Shire of Mount Alexander local government area, 116 kilometres north west of the state capital, Melbourne. At the 2016 census, Chewton had a population of 1313.[1]

History

[edit]

Prior to European settlement, the Chewton area was inhabited by the Dja Dja Wurrung Aboriginal people, part of the Kulin nation.[2] The first European in the area was the explorer Major Thomas Mitchell on his way to discovering what he termed "Australia Felix" in 1836–37. Not long after, a sheep station was established by William Campbell, which incorporated the current townsite.[3][4]

Gold was discovered by shepherds on Dr Barker's sheep run at nearby Barkers Creek in 1851, spawning a large gold rush.[4] Over 30,000 diggers arrived at Chewton within three months, soon followed by prospectors from around the world, including many Chinese. The town was surveyed in 1854 with land lots being sold the following year (1855).[5]

Chewton Post Office opened on 8 September 1857. A Forrest Creek Post Office had opened in 1852, which was replaced by Castlemaine in 1854.[6][7] The Red Hill Hotel, constructed in 1854 is still standing today. In 1862 a branch of the Oriental Bank opened in Chewton with Alexander Kerr as the first manager.[8]

By the 1860s the alluvial gold had been exhausted and efforts turned to underground shafts in search of gold bearing quartz reefs.[3] Underground mining saw the immigration of Welsh and Cornish miners and some mines were very successful. The Wattle Gully mine founded in 1876 is still operating today. As gold mining wound down, the population declined to 1,212 in 1891 and 454 in 1933.[3]

The stonework supports of the Garfield water wheel lie near Chewton.[9][10]

While close to Castlemaine the town still maintains a distinct identity, but is slowly becoming a suburb of greater Castlemaine.[3] Several historical buildings and sites, including the Chewton Town Hall (constructed in 1858) and the Post office (constructed in 1879) are now owned by the Chewton Domain Society, a community group established to manage the properties. The society also produces a monthly community newsletter.[11] For several years, Chewton was host to a folk music festival over the Australia Day long weekend. In 2007, the festival relocated to nearby Newstead.[12]

The former railway station at Chewton closed to all traffic on 16 June 1976.[13]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "2016 census".
  2. ^ "Chewton.net". Retrieved 9 June 2007.
  3. ^ a b c d "Chewton". Sydney Morning Herald. 8 February 2004. Retrieved 9 June 2007.
  4. ^ a b Theobald, Marjorie R. (2020). The Accidental Town : Castlemaine, 1851-1861. North Melbourne: Australian Scholarly Publishing. ISBN 9781925984354. OCLC 1143738198.
  5. ^ McKimmie, Ken (2011). Chewton then and now : a series of studies investigating change over time in the former Mount Alexander goldfield town of Forest Creek, later known as Chewton. Chewton: Castlemaine. ISBN 9780987140937. OCLC 780103217.
  6. ^ Phoenix Auctions History. "Post Office List". Retrieved 25 March 2021.
  7. ^ Hocking, Geoff (1994). Castlemaine : from camp to city : a pictorial history of Forest Creek & the Mount Alexander Goldfields, 1835-1900. Five Mile Press. ISBN 0-86788-840-7. OCLC 34325111.
  8. ^ "The Chewton Oriental Branch Bank". Mount Alexander Mail. No. 1030. 28 March 1862. p. 5 – via National Library of Australia.
  9. ^ Davies, Peter; Lawrence, Susan (2013). "The Garfield water wheel: hydraulic power on the Victorian goldfields" (PDF). Australasian Historical Archaeology. 31: 25–32.
  10. ^ "Garfield Wheel and Northern Castlemaine Diggings". www.parks.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
  11. ^ "Chewton Domain Society". Australian Heritage. Hallmark edition. Archived from the original on 8 September 2007. Retrieved 11 June 2007.
  12. ^ Ridnell, Johnathan; Printz, Jo (16 October 2006). "Chewton Folk Festival moving to Newstead?". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 9 June 2007. [permanent dead link‍]
  13. ^ "Traffic". Newsrail. Australian Railway Historical Society. September 1976. p. 198.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chewton, Victoria.
[edit]
  • Richard Daintree and Antoine Fauchery (circa 1858) A gang of diggers at Forrest Creek, Chewton
    Richard Daintree and Antoine Fauchery (circa 1858) A gang of diggers at Forrest Creek, Chewton
  • Richard Daintree, Castlemaine gold diggings on 15 January 1858, Forrest Creek
    Richard Daintree, Castlemaine gold diggings on 15 January 1858, Forrest Creek
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