Lycoming O-435: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|American 1940s aircraft engine}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2022}} |
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{{Use American English|date=September 2022}} |
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<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. --> |
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{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin |
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin |
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|name= O-435 |
|name= O-435 |
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|image= File: |
|image= File:Motore aeronautico - Museo scienza tecnologia Milano D0672.jpg |
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|caption= |
|caption= |
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}}{{Infobox Aircraft Engine |
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Engine |
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|type= [[Piston]] [[tank]] and [[aircraft engine]] |
|type= [[Piston]] [[tank]] and [[aircraft engine]] |
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|produced=1942–1975 out of production |
|produced=1942–1975 out of production |
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|major applications= [[Beechcraft Bonanza]] <br> [[Bell 47]] <br> [[Helio Courier]] <br> [[Hiller OH-23 Raven]] <br> [[M22 Locust]] <br> [[Stinson L-5 Sentinel]] |
|major applications= [[Beechcraft Bonanza]] <br> [[Bell 47]] <br> [[Helio Courier]] <br> [[Hiller OH-23 Raven]] <br> [[M22 Locust]] <br> [[Stinson L-5 Sentinel]] |
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|number built = |
|number built = |
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|program cost = |
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|unit cost = |
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|developed from = [[Lycoming O-290]] |
|developed from = [[Lycoming O-290]] |
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|variants with their own articles = |
|variants with their own articles = |
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==Design and development== |
==Design and development== |
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The powerplant is a horizontally opposed Lycoming six-cylinder design. It is a direct-drive or geared, air-cooled, and normally aspirated engine. The cylinders have steel barrels with aluminum heads, and the valves are operated by hydraulic lifters. The crankshaft is supported in an aluminum-alloy split case by four main bearings and one ball-thrust bearing, and lubricating oil is supplied from a 12 quart wet sump. The camshaft rides in journals that do not employ bearing inserts. The accessory housing supports two magnetos, a starter, a generator, and a dual tach drive. A spare mounting pad is included for a vacuum pump. |
The powerplant is a horizontally opposed Lycoming six-cylinder design. It is a direct-drive or geared, air-cooled, and normally aspirated engine. The cylinders have steel barrels with aluminum heads, and the valves are operated by hydraulic lifters. The crankshaft is supported in an aluminum-alloy split case by four main bearings and one ball-thrust bearing, and lubricating oil is supplied from a 12 quart wet sump. The camshaft rides in journals that do not employ bearing inserts. The accessory housing supports two magnetos, a starter, a generator, and a dual tach drive. A spare mounting pad is included for a vacuum pump.<ref name="E-228">{{cite web|url = https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/4063ef6ed938238e862577cf0054c9e4/$FILE/E-228%20Rev%2017.pdf|title = Type Certificate Data Sheet No. E-228 Revision 17|accessdate = September 2, 2022|author = Federal Aviation Administration|author-link = Federal Aviation Administration|date = June 23, 2010|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20161216184617/https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/4063ef6ed938238e862577cf0054c9e4/$FILE/E-228%20Rev%2017.pdf|archivedate = December 16, 2016|url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="E-279">{{cite web|url = https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/ad3f762c953c59408625780e005c84a1/$FILE/E-279%20Rev%2010.pdf|title = Type Certificate Data Sheet No. E-279 Revision 10|accessdate = September 2, 2022|author = Federal Aviation Administration|author-link = Federal Aviation Administration|date = November 4, 2010|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20161220044829/https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/ad3f762c953c59408625780e005c84a1/$FILE/E-279%20Rev%2010.pdf|archivedate = December 20, 2016|url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="1E13">{{cite web|url = https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/55a4c5618bc4654f8625780e00596064/$FILE/1E13%20Rev%208%20.pdf|title = Type Certificate Data Sheet No. 1E13 Revision 8|accessdate = September 2, 2022|author = Federal Aviation Administration|author-link = Federal Aviation Administration|date = November 4, 2010|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20210411170630/https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/55a4c5618bc4654f8625780e00596064/$FILE/1E13%20Rev%208%20.pdf|archivedate = April 11, 2021|url-status= live}}</ref><ref name="5E-12">{{cite web|url = https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/88a3c7d6485bc4fa8625681d006a3381/$FILE/5E-12.pdf|title = Type Certificate Data Sheet No. 5E-12|accessdate = September 2, 2022|author = Federal Aviation Administration|author-link = Federal Aviation Administration|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20220902180724/https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/88a3c7d6485bc4fa8625681d006a3381/$FILE/5E-12.pdf|archivedate = September 2, 2022|url-status= live}}</ref> |
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==Variants== |
==Variants== |
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All engines have an additional prefix preceding the ''435'' to indicate the specific configuration of the engine. There are also numerous engine suffixes, denoting different accessories such as different manufacturers' carburetors, or different [[ignition magneto|magneto]]s. |
All engines have an additional prefix preceding the ''435'' to indicate the specific configuration of the engine. There are also numerous engine suffixes, denoting different accessories such as different manufacturers' carburetors, or different [[ignition magneto|magneto]]s.<ref name="E-228"/><ref name="E-279"/> |
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===O-435 models=== |
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;O-435 |
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:Baseline engine model, producing {{convert|175|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 2300 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of {{convert|347|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4 carburetor. [[Type certificate|Type certified]] on February 11, 1942.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;O-435-5: (O-435-B) |
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;O-435- |
;O-435-A |
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:Engine model with provisions for automotive type accessories, producing {{convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 2550 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.5:1, a dry weight of {{convert|348|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} with a -8 magneto and {{convert|342|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} with a -20 magneto and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5C carburetor. Type certified on February 11, 1942.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;O-435-9: |
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;O-435- |
;O-435-A2 |
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:Engine model with a redesigned improved crankcase, cylinders, valves and valve seats, exhaust valve guides and rocker shaft bushing. It also has provisions for automotive-type accessories. It produced {{convert|225|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.5:1, a dry weight of {{convert|365|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on October 19, 1949 and cancelled on February 25, 1944.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;O-435-13: |
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;O-435- |
;O-435-A3 |
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:Type certified on January 5, 1951 and cancelled on February 8, 1955.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;O-435-B: |
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;O-435-B (military designation O-435-5) |
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;O-435-C: |
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:Engine model with provisions for AN type accessories, producing {{convert|235|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.5:1, a dry weight of {{convert|362|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on October 7, 1943 and cancelled on November 2, 1950.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;O-435-D: |
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;O-435-C (military designation O-435-1) |
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;GO-435: |
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:Engine model with provisions for AN type accessories, producing {{convert|175|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 2300 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of {{convert|356|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4SPA carburetor. Type certified on January 11, 1943.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-B: |
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;O-435-C1 (military designation O-435-11) |
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;TVO-435-A |
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:Engine model, with revised type valves, valve guides, an accessory case with generator and starter drive, producing {{convert|175|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 2300 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of {{convert|366|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4 carburetor. Type certified on January 2, 1948.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;O-435-C2 (military designation O-435-13) |
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:Engine model, with provisions for O-435-C accessories carburetor, producing {{convert|175|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 2300 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of {{convert|368|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4SPA carburetor. Type certified on January 2, 1948.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;O-435-K |
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:Engine model that incorporates a GO-435-C2 accessory case and crankcase. It produces {{convert|240|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|405|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on January 24, 1951.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;O-435-K1 (military designation O-435-4) |
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:Engine model with increased maximum continuous rating and the generator pad omitted, approved for helicopter installations. It produces {{convert|250|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|405|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on March 30, 1951.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;O-435-2 |
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:Military engine model.<ref name="5E-12"/> |
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;O-435-2-M1 |
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:Civil modified military engine model, by the Associated Aircraft Modification Company, with Bendix PS-5C carburetor with 380123-1 setting. It produces {{convert|235|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.5:1, a dry weight of {{convert|405|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}}. Only military O-435-2 engines with serial numbers L00849-11 through L-1117-11 are eligible for this modification.<ref name="5E-12"/> |
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===GO-435 models=== |
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;GO-435 |
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:Baseline geared engine model. It incorporates six 3rd-order crankshaft torsional vibration dampers and reduction gearing. It produced {{convert|210|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of {{convert|407|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on August 30, 1944 and cancelled on November 2, 1950.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-A2 |
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:Type certified on October 19, 1949 and cancelled on February 8, 1955.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-C2 (military designation O-435-17) |
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:Geared engine model which incorporates an improved crankcase and cylinder assembly. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|422|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on October 19, 1949.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-C2A |
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:Geared engine model, incorporates S6LN-20 or -21 magnetos, producing {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|438|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on January 2, 1951, cancelled on February 8, 1955 and reinstated July 15, 1955.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-C2A2 |
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:Geared engine model, with a dry sump and without provisions for a hydraulic propeller control or governor, producing {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|432|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on October 24, 1957.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-C2B |
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:Geared engine model with provisions for a hydraulic propeller and governor. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|430|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on November 6, 1952.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-C2B1 |
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:Geared engine model which incorporates a dual generator and vacuum pump drive. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|430|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on February 8, 1955.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-C2B2 |
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:Geared engine model with S6LN-20, or -21 magnetos. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|430|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on February 28, 1956.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-C2C |
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:Geared engine model producing {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|422|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on November 24, 1953 and cancelled on July 5, 1956.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-C2D |
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:Geared engine model producing {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|420|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on July 20, 1954 and cancelled on July 5, 1956.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-C2E |
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:Geared engine model with S6LN-20, or -21 magnetos. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|420|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on September 27, 1956.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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;GO-435-D1 |
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:Geared engine model with a dry sump oil system and crosswise accessory drives. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1 and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on September 25, 1953.<ref name="E-228"/> |
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===VO-435 models=== |
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;VO-435 |
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:Base model, vertically-mounted engine for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and side-mounted AN type accessory drives. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|396|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on October 11, 1954. Was re-designated as VO-435-A1A.<ref name="E-279"/> |
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;VO-435-A1A (military designation O-435-21) |
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:Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and side-mounted AN type accessory drives. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|396|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on October 29, 1954. Re-designated from VO-435.<ref name="E-279"/> |
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;VO-435-A1B (military designation O-435-6) |
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:Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and a modified accessory section. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|391|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on June 10, 1955.<ref name="E-279"/> |
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;VO-435-A1C (military designations O-435-23, O-435-23A O-435-23B and O-435-23C) |
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:Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system, which incorporates a crankcase and oil sump modification giving increased strength and an oil pump housing which is machined for a hydraulic pump drive. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|399|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on July 18, 1954.<ref name="E-279"/> |
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;VO-435-A1D (military designation O-435-6A) |
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:Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system, with crankcase and oil sump modifications for increased strength. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|390|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on September 27, 1956.<ref name="E-279"/> |
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;VO-435-A1E |
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:Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and 6RN-200 or S6LN-204 magnetos. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|392|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on October 15, 1959.<ref name="E-279"/> |
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;VO-435-A1F |
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:Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It has internal piston cooling oil jets and heavy duty cylinders and may be converted to a model TVO-435-A1A. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|399|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on March 6, 1961.<ref name="E-279"/> |
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;VO-435-B1A |
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:Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a redesigned accessory drive section, a wet oil sump and a higher compression ratio. It produces {{convert|265|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 8.7:1, a dry weight of {{convert|419|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on December 15, 1965.<ref name="E-279"/> |
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;TVO-435-A1A |
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:[[Turbocharged]], vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|468|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on May 12, 1961.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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===TVO-435 models=== |
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;TVO-435-A1A |
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:[[Turbocharged]], vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|468|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on May 12, 1961.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-B1A (military designation O-435-25A) |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model with internal piston cooling oil jets, for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and cylinder assemblies machined for long-reach spark plugs. It produces {{convert|270|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|478|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on November 21, 1962.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-B1B |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and TCM (formerly Bendix) S6RN-1208 and S6LN-1209 magnetos. It produces {{convert|270|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|479|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on June 20, 1966.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-C1A |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and a T-1112 turbosupercharger. It produces {{convert|380|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|478|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on November 21, 1962.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-D1A |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It has a TK-0659 turbocharger and TCM (formerly Bendix) S6RN-1208 (retarded breaker) and S6LN-1209 magnetos. It produces {{convert|270|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|465|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on March 10, 1966.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-D1B |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It has TCM (formerly Bendix) S-200 series magnetos. It produces {{convert|270|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|464|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on February 23, 1967.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-E1A |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and a Kelly Aerospace (formerly AiResearch) TK-0659 turbocharger. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|490|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on March 7, 1967.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-F1A |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a wet sump oil system, different accessory section and a higher power rating. It produces {{convert|280|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|490|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on January 22, 1968.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-G1A |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and a different automatic waste gate control setting for a higher power rating. It produces {{convert|280|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|465|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on January 11, 1968.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-G1B |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and different magnetos. It produces {{convert|280|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|464|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on November 25, 1968.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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;TVO-435-25 |
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:Turbocharged, vertically-mounted military engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. This military model is similar to the -A1A, except it has cylinder assemblies from the -B1A. It produces {{convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of {{convert|493|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on June 10, 1963.<ref name="1E13"/> |
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==Applications== |
==Applications== |
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[[File:Bell 47G BW Detail Motor.jpg|thumb|A Lycoming TVO-435 installed in a [[Bell 47G]]]] |
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[[File:Lycoming O-435 aircraft engine.jpg|thumb|Lycoming O-435 on display at the [[Museum of Aviation (Warner Robins)|Museum of Aviation]]]] |
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* [[Interstate TDR]] |
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* [[Jeffair Barracuda]] |
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* [[Kaman K-190A]]<ref name="1H1">{{cite web|url= https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/3e60365669cd4d2785256715006b5dcc/$FILE/1h1.PDF|title= Helicopter Specification No. 1H1|access-date= September 2, 2022|author= Federal Aviation Administration|author-link= Federal Aviation Administration|work= faa.gov|date= September 26, 1950|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210419165144/https://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/3e60365669cd4d2785256715006b5dcc/$FILE/1h1.PDF|archive-date= April 19, 2021|url-status= live}}</ref> |
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* [[Kaman K-225]]<ref name="1H1"/> |
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* [[Karhumäki Karhu]] |
* [[Karhumäki Karhu]] |
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* [[Kawasaki KH-4]] |
* [[Kawasaki KH-4]] |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{commons category inline|Lycoming O-435}} |
*{{commons category inline|Lycoming O-435}} |
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{{Lycoming aeroengines}} |
{{Lycoming aeroengines}} |
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[[Category:Boxer engines]] |
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[[Category:Lycoming aircraft engines|O-438]] |
[[Category:Lycoming aircraft engines|O-438]] |
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[[Category:Boxer engines]] |
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[[Category:1940s aircraft piston engines]] |
[[Category:1940s aircraft piston engines]] |
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Latest revision as of 22:11, 9 May 2023
| O-435 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Type | Piston tank and aircraft engine |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | Lycoming Engines |
| First run | 1939 |
| Major applications | Beechcraft Bonanza Bell 47 Helio Courier Hiller OH-23 Raven M22 Locust Stinson L-5 Sentinel |
| Produced | 1942–1975 out of production |
| Developed from | Lycoming O-290 |
The Lycoming O-435 is an American six-cylinder, horizontally opposed fixed-wing aircraft and helicopter engine made by Lycoming Engines. The engine is a six-cylinder version of the four-cylinder Lycoming O-290.
Design and development
[edit]The powerplant is a horizontally opposed Lycoming six-cylinder design. It is a direct-drive or geared, air-cooled, and normally aspirated engine. The cylinders have steel barrels with aluminum heads, and the valves are operated by hydraulic lifters. The crankshaft is supported in an aluminum-alloy split case by four main bearings and one ball-thrust bearing, and lubricating oil is supplied from a 12 quart wet sump. The camshaft rides in journals that do not employ bearing inserts. The accessory housing supports two magnetos, a starter, a generator, and a dual tach drive. A spare mounting pad is included for a vacuum pump.[1][2][3][4]
Variants
[edit]All engines have an additional prefix preceding the 435 to indicate the specific configuration of the engine. There are also numerous engine suffixes, denoting different accessories such as different manufacturers' carburetors, or different magnetos.[1][2]
O-435 models
[edit]- O-435
- Baseline engine model, producing 175 hp (130 kW) at 2300 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of 347 lb (157 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4 carburetor. Type certified on February 11, 1942.[1]
- O-435-A
- Engine model with provisions for automotive type accessories, producing 190 hp (142 kW) at 2550 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.5:1, a dry weight of 348 lb (158 kg) with a -8 magneto and 342 lb (155 kg) with a -20 magneto and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5C carburetor. Type certified on February 11, 1942.[1]
- O-435-A2
- Engine model with a redesigned improved crankcase, cylinders, valves and valve seats, exhaust valve guides and rocker shaft bushing. It also has provisions for automotive-type accessories. It produced 225 hp (168 kW) at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.5:1, a dry weight of 365 lb (166 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on October 19, 1949 and cancelled on February 25, 1944.[1]
- O-435-A3
- Type certified on January 5, 1951 and cancelled on February 8, 1955.[1]
- O-435-B (military designation O-435-5)
- Engine model with provisions for AN type accessories, producing 235 hp (175 kW) at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.5:1, a dry weight of 362 lb (164 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on October 7, 1943 and cancelled on November 2, 1950.[1]
- O-435-C (military designation O-435-1)
- Engine model with provisions for AN type accessories, producing 175 hp (130 kW) at 2300 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of 356 lb (161 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4SPA carburetor. Type certified on January 11, 1943.[1]
- O-435-C1 (military designation O-435-11)
- Engine model, with revised type valves, valve guides, an accessory case with generator and starter drive, producing 175 hp (130 kW) at 2300 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of 366 lb (166 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4 carburetor. Type certified on January 2, 1948.[1]
- O-435-C2 (military designation O-435-13)
- Engine model, with provisions for O-435-C accessories carburetor, producing 175 hp (130 kW) at 2300 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of 368 lb (167 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4SPA carburetor. Type certified on January 2, 1948.[1]
- O-435-K
- Engine model that incorporates a GO-435-C2 accessory case and crankcase. It produces 240 hp (179 kW) at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 405 lb (184 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on January 24, 1951.[1]
- O-435-K1 (military designation O-435-4)
- Engine model with increased maximum continuous rating and the generator pad omitted, approved for helicopter installations. It produces 250 hp (186 kW) at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 405 lb (184 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on March 30, 1951.[1]
- O-435-2
- Military engine model.[4]
- O-435-2-M1
- Civil modified military engine model, by the Associated Aircraft Modification Company, with Bendix PS-5C carburetor with 380123-1 setting. It produces 235 hp (175 kW) at 3200 rpm, with a compression ratio of 7.5:1, a dry weight of 405 lb (184 kg). Only military O-435-2 engines with serial numbers L00849-11 through L-1117-11 are eligible for this modification.[4]
GO-435 models
[edit]- GO-435
- Baseline geared engine model. It incorporates six 3rd-order crankshaft torsional vibration dampers and reduction gearing. It produced 210 hp (157 kW) at 3000 rpm, with a compression ratio of 6.25:1, a dry weight of 407 lb (185 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 carburetor. Type certified on August 30, 1944 and cancelled on November 2, 1950.[1]
- GO-435-A2
- Type certified on October 19, 1949 and cancelled on February 8, 1955.[1]
- GO-435-C2 (military designation O-435-17)
- Geared engine model which incorporates an improved crankcase and cylinder assembly. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 422 lb (191 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on October 19, 1949.[1]
- GO-435-C2A
- Geared engine model, incorporates S6LN-20 or -21 magnetos, producing 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 438 lb (199 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on January 2, 1951, cancelled on February 8, 1955 and reinstated July 15, 1955.[1]
- GO-435-C2A2
- Geared engine model, with a dry sump and without provisions for a hydraulic propeller control or governor, producing 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 432 lb (196 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on October 24, 1957.[1]
- GO-435-C2B
- Geared engine model with provisions for a hydraulic propeller and governor. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 430 lb (195 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on November 6, 1952.[1]
- GO-435-C2B1
- Geared engine model which incorporates a dual generator and vacuum pump drive. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 430 lb (195 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on February 8, 1955.[1]
- GO-435-C2B2
- Geared engine model with S6LN-20, or -21 magnetos. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 430 lb (195 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on February 28, 1956.[1]
- GO-435-C2C
- Geared engine model producing 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 422 lb (191 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on November 24, 1953 and cancelled on July 5, 1956.[1]
- GO-435-C2D
- Geared engine model producing 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 420 lb (191 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on July 20, 1954 and cancelled on July 5, 1956.[1]
- GO-435-C2E
- Geared engine model with S6LN-20, or -21 magnetos. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 420 lb (191 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on September 27, 1956.[1]
- GO-435-D1
- Geared engine model with a dry sump oil system and crosswise accessory drives. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1 and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or PS-5BD carburetor. Type certified on September 25, 1953.[1]
VO-435 models
[edit]- VO-435
- Base model, vertically-mounted engine for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and side-mounted AN type accessory drives. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 396 lb (180 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on October 11, 1954. Was re-designated as VO-435-A1A.[2]
- VO-435-A1A (military designation O-435-21)
- Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and side-mounted AN type accessory drives. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 396 lb (180 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on October 29, 1954. Re-designated from VO-435.[2]
- VO-435-A1B (military designation O-435-6)
- Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and a modified accessory section. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 391 lb (177 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on June 10, 1955.[2]
- VO-435-A1C (military designations O-435-23, O-435-23A O-435-23B and O-435-23C)
- Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system, which incorporates a crankcase and oil sump modification giving increased strength and an oil pump housing which is machined for a hydraulic pump drive. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 399 lb (181 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on July 18, 1954.[2]
- VO-435-A1D (military designation O-435-6A)
- Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system, with crankcase and oil sump modifications for increased strength. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 390 lb (177 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5 or MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on September 27, 1956.[2]
- VO-435-A1E
- Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and 6RN-200 or S6LN-204 magnetos. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 392 lb (178 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on October 15, 1959.[2]
- VO-435-A1F
- Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It has internal piston cooling oil jets and heavy duty cylinders and may be converted to a model TVO-435-A1A. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3400 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 399 lb (181 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on March 6, 1961.[2]
- VO-435-B1A
- Vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a redesigned accessory drive section, a wet oil sump and a higher compression ratio. It produces 265 hp (198 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 8.7:1, a dry weight of 419 lb (190 kg) and fitted with a Marvel MA-4-5AA carburetor. Type certified on December 15, 1965.[2]
- TVO-435-A1A
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 468 lb (212 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on May 12, 1961.[3]
TVO-435 models
[edit]- TVO-435-A1A
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 468 lb (212 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on May 12, 1961.[3]
- TVO-435-B1A (military designation O-435-25A)
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model with internal piston cooling oil jets, for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and cylinder assemblies machined for long-reach spark plugs. It produces 270 hp (201 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 478 lb (217 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on November 21, 1962.[3]
- TVO-435-B1B
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and TCM (formerly Bendix) S6RN-1208 and S6LN-1209 magnetos. It produces 270 hp (201 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 479 lb (217 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on June 20, 1966.[3]
- TVO-435-C1A
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and a T-1112 turbosupercharger. It produces 380 hp (283 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 478 lb (217 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on November 21, 1962.[3]
- TVO-435-D1A
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It has a TK-0659 turbocharger and TCM (formerly Bendix) S6RN-1208 (retarded breaker) and S6LN-1209 magnetos. It produces 270 hp (201 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 465 lb (211 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on March 10, 1966.[3]
- TVO-435-D1B
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. It has TCM (formerly Bendix) S-200 series magnetos. It produces 270 hp (201 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 464 lb (210 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on February 23, 1967.[3]
- TVO-435-E1A
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and a Kelly Aerospace (formerly AiResearch) TK-0659 turbocharger. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 490 lb (222 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on March 7, 1967.[3]
- TVO-435-F1A
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a wet sump oil system, different accessory section and a higher power rating. It produces 280 hp (209 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 490 lb (222 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on January 22, 1968.[3]
- TVO-435-G1A
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and a different automatic waste gate control setting for a higher power rating. It produces 280 hp (209 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 465 lb (211 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on January 11, 1968.[3]
- TVO-435-G1B
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system and different magnetos. It produces 280 hp (209 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 464 lb (210 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on November 25, 1968.[3]
- TVO-435-25
- Turbocharged, vertically-mounted military engine model for helicopters, with a dry sump oil system. This military model is similar to the -A1A, except it has cylinder assemblies from the -B1A. It produces 260 hp (194 kW) at 3200 rpm for takeoff, with a compression ratio of 7.3:1, a dry weight of 493 lb (224 kg) and fitted with a Marvel-Schebler MA-6AA carburetor. Type certified on June 10, 1963.[3]
Applications
[edit]
- Aircraft
- Aero Commander 500
- AISA I-115
- Beechcraft Bonanza,
- Bell 47
- Bell H-13 Sioux
- Bellanca Cruisemaster
- Boisavia Mercurey
- D'Apuzzo Senior Aero Sport
- de Havilland Canada Super Chipmunk
- Fleetwings BQ-2
- Fleetwings PQ-12
- Fokker F.25
- Fokker S-11
- Helio Courier
- Hiller OH-23 Raven
- Interstate TDR
- Jeffair Barracuda
- Kaman K-190A[5]
- Kaman K-225[5]
- Karhumäki Karhu
- Kawasaki KH-4
- LIBIS KB-11
- Miles Aerovan
- Piaggio P.148
- Piaggio P.149
- Pilatus P-4
- Ra-Son Warrior
- Ryan Navion
- Saab 91 Safir
- Stinson 108
- Stinson L-5 Sentinel
- St Croix Sopwith Triplane
- UTVA Aero 3
- UTVA 56
- Vertical Hummingbird
- Other
- M22 Locust - tank
Specifications (O-435-D)
[edit]Data from Jane's.[6]
General characteristics
- Type: Six-cylinder horizontally-opposed gasoline piston engine
- Bore: 4.875 in (123.8 mm)
- Stroke: 3.875 in (98.4 mm)
- Displacement: 434 cu in (7.1 L)
- Width: 33.5 in (851 mm)
- Height: 43.5 in (1,105 mm)
- Dry weight: 433 lb (196.6 kg)
Components
- Valvetrain: Overhead valve (OHV, pushrod actuated), one inlet and one exhaust valve per cylinder
- Fuel system: Marvel-Schebler carburetor
- Fuel type: 100 octane gasoline
- Oil system: Pressure pump type
- Cooling system: Air-cooled by fan (helicopter installations)
- Reduction gear: Direct-drive
Performance
- Power output: 212 hp (158 kW) at 3,000 rpm at sea level
- Compression ratio: 7.5:1
See also
[edit]Related development
Comparable engines
Related lists
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Federal Aviation Administration (June 23, 2010). "Type Certificate Data Sheet No. E-228 Revision 17" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on December 16, 2016. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Federal Aviation Administration (November 4, 2010). "Type Certificate Data Sheet No. E-279 Revision 10" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Federal Aviation Administration (November 4, 2010). "Type Certificate Data Sheet No. 1E13 Revision 8" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
- ^ a b c Federal Aviation Administration. "Type Certificate Data Sheet No. 5E-12" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on September 2, 2022. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
- ^ a b Federal Aviation Administration (September 26, 1950). "Helicopter Specification No. 1H1" (PDF). faa.gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 19, 2021. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
- ^ Bridgman 1994, p. 78d.
Bibliography
[edit]- Bridgman, Leonard. Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1945-46. Hammersmith, London: HarperCollinsPublishers (1994 reprint). ISBN 000 470831-8
External links
[edit]
Media related to Lycoming O-435 at Wikimedia Commons
