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The '''Pro Arte String Quartet''' is a [[string quartet]] founded in [[Belgium]], which became affiliated with the [[University of Wisconsin-Madison]] in 1941.
The '''Pro Arte String Quartet''' was founded in [[Belgium]] in 1912,<ref>Thus the official website. According to (Eaglefield-Hull 1924), in 1922.</ref> and transferred permanently to [[Madison, Wisconsin]] (USA) in 1941. After becoming the Court Quartet to Queen Elizabeth of Belgium, the Pro Arte began the first of many international tours in 1919. Bartok, Milhaud and Honegger entrusted the ensemble new works to premiere. The Pro Arte Quartet made its American debut in 1926 in New York and returned for 30 tours to the United States, often under the auspices of the noted patron of chamber music, Mrs. Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge. Their first visit to Madison was in 1938. Two years later, the musicians were stranded in Madison by the outbreak of World War II and accepted a residency at the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]], the first such residency in a major American university. The Pro Arte became the faculty string quartet of the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] in the late 1950s, an appointment that continues till this day.

==History==
=== Origins 1912-1941 ===
The Pro Arte String Quartet was founded by Alphonse Onnou in [[Brussels]] in 1912.<ref>Thus the official website. According to (Eaglefield-Hull 1924), in 1922.</ref> After becoming the Court Quartet to [[Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Belgium|Queen Elizabeth of Belgium]], the quartet began the first of many international tours in 1919. After the [[First World War]] it became famous for the performance of modern music and for its extensive recordings of [[Haydn]]. The composers [[Béla Bartók|Bartók]], [[Darius Milhaud|Milhaud]] and [[Arthur Honegger|Honegger]] entrusted to the ensemble new works to premiere. The Pro Arte Quartet made its American debut in 1926 in [[New York City|New York]] and returned for 30 tours to the United States, often under the auspices of the chamber music patron [[Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge]]. It performed at the inauguration of the Hall of Music at the [[Library of Congress]] in [[Washington, DC]]. In 1932 it was named the "Quatuor de la Cour de Belgique". Its first visit to [[Madison, Wisconsin]] was in 1938. Two years later, the musicians were stranded in Madison by the outbreak of [[World War II]] and accepted a residency at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, the first such residency at a major American university.

The [[Royal Conservatory of Brussels]] holds a comprehensive collection of autograph and printed Second Violin scores from Laurent Halleux, who joined the Pro Arte Quartet when he was only fifteen and stayed with the group till 1943. It sheds light on the works performed by the quartet, especially from American composers from the early 20th century such as [[Aaron Copland]], [[Roy Harris]] or [[Louis Gruenberg]].

=== 1941-1947 ===
While touring in Wisconsin in 1941{{inconsistent}} they were offered a permanent residency. In 1944, following the disbanding of the [[Kolisch Quartet]], [[Rudolf Kolisch]] took up leadership of the Pro Arte in 1944, combined with a Wisconsin Professorship. In 1946, Robert Maas became the original cellist in the newly formed [[Paganini Quartet]]. In 1947, violist Germain Prevost, the last of the original members, resigned. In the late 1950s, the Pro Arte Quartet became members of the University's School of Music faculty in addition to being artists-in-residence.<ref>[http://proartequartet.org/about.html See the history of the quartet in the official website]</ref>

=== Centennial anniversary commissioning project 2011-2012 ===
The Pro Arte Quartet reached its centennial anniversary in 2012. To honor this occasion, the quartet embarked on a commissioning project to include up to eight new works, presented throughout the 2011-2012 season.


== Personnel ==
== Personnel ==
Line 7: Line 19:
2nd violin: Laurent Halleux<br />
2nd violin: Laurent Halleux<br />
viola: Germain Prévost<br />
viola: Germain Prévost<br />
violoncello: Robert Maas
violoncello: Fernand-Auguste Lemaire


The current (2007) personnel are:
The current personnel are:


1st violin: David Perry<br />
1st violin: David Perry<br />
Line 16: Line 28:
violoncello: Parry Karp
violoncello: Parry Karp


==Timeline==
Many famous instrumentalists have played and coached with the Pro Arte Quartet over the years.
<div class="left">
<timeline>
ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:25
PlotArea = left:125 bottom:60 top:0 right:10
Alignbars = justify
DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1910 till:01/01/2020
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy
Legend = orientation:horizontal position:bottom
ScaleMajor = increment:10 start:1910
ScaleMinor = increment:5 start:1910


Colors =
== Origins: 1912-1941 ==
id:violin1 value:red legend:1st_Violin
The Quartet was founded by Alphonse Onnou, its leader, in [[Brussels]] in 1912. After the [[First World War]] it became famous for the performance of modern music, and also for its extensive recordings of [[Haydn]]. The Quartet made its [[New York]] debut in 1926 and performed at the inauguration of the Hall of Music at the [[Library of Congress]] in [[Washington DC]]. In 1932 they were named the 'Quatuor de la Cour de Belgique'. They frequently toured in the [[United States]], and first performed at [[Madison, Wisconsin]] in 1938.
id:violin2 value:green legend:2nd_Violin
id:viola value:blue legend:Viola
id:cello value:orange legend:Violoncello


BarData =
== Early American History: 1941-1947 ==
bar:vln1-ao text:"Alphonse Onnou"
While touring in Wisconsin in 1941 they were offered a permanent residency. In 1944, following the disbanding of the [[Kolisch Quartet]] in the USA, [[Rudolf Kolisch]] took up leadership of the Pro Arte in 1944, combined with a Wisconsin Professorship. In 1947, violist Germain Prevost, the last of the original members, resigned. In the late 1950s, the Pro Arte Quartet became members of the University's School of Music faculty in addition to being artists-in-residence. <ref> See the history of the quartet in the official website, [http://proarte.classicallyhip.com/]</ref>
bar:vln1-ab text:"Antonio Brosa"
bar:vln1-rk text:"Rudolph Kolisch"
bar:vln1-np text:"Norman Paulu"
bar:vln1-dp text:"David Perry"
bar:vln2-lh text:"Laurent Halleux"
bar:vln2-ar text:"Albert Rahier"
bar:vln2-mfb text:"Martha Frances Blum"
bar:vln2-tm text:"Thomas Moore"
bar:vln2-jml text:"John McLeod"
bar:vln2-jkk text:"Jae-Kyung Kim"
bar:vln2-sb text:"Suzanne Beia"
bar:vla-gp text:"Germain Prévost"
bar:vla-bm text:"Bernard Milofsky"
bar:vla-rb text:"Richard Blum"
bar:vla-sc text:"Sally Chisholm"
bar:vc-fal text:"Fernand Auguste Lemaire"
bar:vc-fq text:"Fernand Quinet"
bar:vc-rm text:"Robert Maas"
bar:vc-cwe text:"C. Warwick Evans"
bar:vc-vg text:"Victor Gottlieb"
bar:vc-gs text:"George Sopkin"
bar:vc-ef text:"Ernst Friedlander"
bar:vc-lc text:"Lowell Creitz"
bar:vc-pk text:"Parry Karp"

PlotData=
width:10 textcolor:black align:left anchor:from shift:(10,-4)
bar:vln1-ao from:03/01/1912 till:02/01/1940 color:violin1
bar:vln1-ab from:03/01/1940 till:02/01/1944 color:violin1
bar:vln1-rk from:03/01/1944 till:02/01/1961 color:violin1
bar:vln1-np from:03/01/1961 till:02/01/1995 color:violin1
bar:vln1-dp from:03/01/1996 till:02/01/2015 color:violin1

bar:vln2-lh from:03/01/1912 till:02/01/1943 color:violin2
bar:vln2-ar from:03/01/1943 till:02/01/1961 color:violin2
bar:vln2-mfb from:03/01/1961 till:02/01/1967 color:violin2
bar:vln2-tm from:03/01/1967 till:02/01/1973 color:violin2
bar:vln2-jml from:03/01/1973 till:02/01/1974 color:violin2
bar:vln2-mfb from:03/01/1974 till:02/01/1988 color:violin2
bar:vln2-jkk from:03/01/1988 till:02/01/1995 color:violin2
bar:vln2-sb from:03/01/1995 till:02/01/2015 color:violin2

bar:vla-gp from:03/01/1912 till:02/01/1947 color:viola
bar:vla-bm from:03/01/1947 till:02/01/1957 color:viola
bar:vla-rb from:03/01/1957 till:02/01/1991 color:viola
bar:vla-sc from:03/01/1991 till:02/01/2015 color:viola

bar:vc-fal from:03/01/1912 till:02/01/1918 color:cello
bar:vc-fq from:03/01/1918 till:02/01/1921 color:cello
bar:vc-rm from:03/01/1921 till:02/01/1940 color:cello
bar:vc-cwe from:03/01/1940 till:11/01/1940 color:cello
bar:vc-vg from:12/01/1940 till:06/01/1941 color:cello
bar:vc-gs from:07/01/1941 till:02/01/1943 color:cello
bar:vc-ef from:03/01/1943 till:02/01/1955 color:cello
bar:vc-lc from:03/01/1955 till:02/01/1976 color:cello
bar:vc-pk from:03/01/1976 till:02/01/2015 color:cello

</timeline>
</div>


== Recordings ==
== Recordings ==
(78rpm recordings (Victor/[[HMV]]) of the original Pro Arte up to 1936:- )
(78rpm recordings (Victor/[[HMV]]) of the original Pro Arte up to 1936:- )
* [[Bartok]]: Quartet no 1 in A minor op 7 (V 8842-5/DB 2379-82).
* [[Bartók]]: Quartet no 1 in A minor op 7 (V 8842-5/DB 2379-82).
* [[Bloch]]: Piano Quintet, with [[Alfredo Casella]] (V 7874-7/DB 1882-5).
* [[Ernest Bloch|Bloch]]: Piano Quintet, with [[Alfredo Casella]] (V 7874-7/DB 1882-5).
* [[Borodin]]: Quartet no 2 in D major (V 8609-12/DB 2150-3).
* [[Alexander Borodin|Borodin]]: Quartet no 2 in D major (V 8609-12/DB 2150-3).
* [[Brahms]]: Quartet no 1 in G minor op 25 (V 8444-7/DB 1813-6).
* [[Brahms]]: Quartet no 1 in G minor op 25 (V 8444-7/DB 1813-6).
* Brahms: Sextet no 1 in B flat major op 18, with [[Alfred Hobday]] and [[Anthony Pini]] (DB 2566-9).
* Brahms: Sextet no 1 in B flat major op 18, with [[Alfred Hobday]] and [[Anthony Pini]] (DB 2566-9).
* [[Debussy]]: Quartet in G minor op 10 (1893) (DB 1878-81).
* [[Debussy]]: Quartet in G minor op 10 (1893) (DB 1878-81).
* [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák]]: Piano Quintet in A major op 81, with [[Artur Schnabel]] (V 8305-8/DB 2177-80).
* [[Antonín Dvořák|Dvořák]]: Piano Quintet in A major op 81, with [[Artur Schnabel]] (V 8305-8/DB 2177-80).
* [[Franck]]: Quartet in D major (V 8630-5/DB 2051-6).
* [[César Franck|Franck]]: Quartet in D major (V 8630-5/DB 2051-6).
* [[Mozart]]: Piano quartet no 1 in G minor K 478 with Artur Schnabel (V8562-5/Db 2155-8).
* [[Mozart]]: Piano quartet no 1 in G minor K 478 with Artur Schnabel (V8562-5/Db 2155-8).
* Mozart: String Quintet in C major K 515 with Alfred Hobday (V 8712-5/DB 2383-6).
* Mozart: String Quintet in C major K 515 with Alfred Hobday (V 8712-5/DB 2383-6).
Line 47: Line 136:
* Volume 3: Quartets in F major op 3 no 5; E flat major op 33 no 2; E flat major op 64 no 6; B flat major op 71 no 1.
* Volume 3: Quartets in F major op 3 no 5; E flat major op 33 no 2; E flat major op 64 no 6; B flat major op 71 no 1.
* Volume 4: Quartets in E flat major op 50 no 3; C major 'Emperor' op 76 no 3; F minor op 20 no 5.
* Volume 4: Quartets in E flat major op 50 no 3; C major 'Emperor' op 76 no 3; F minor op 20 no 5.
* Volume 5: Quartets in D major op 20 no 4; F major op 74 no 2; F major op 77 no 2.
* Volume 5: Quartets in D major op 20 no 4; F major op 74 no 2; F major op 77 no 2.


== Notes ==
== Notes ==
<references />
{{reflist}}


== Sources ==
== Sources ==
* R.D. Darrell, ''The Gramophone Shop Encyclopedia of Recorded Music'' (New York 1936).
* R.D. Darrell, ''The Gramophone Shop Encyclopedia of Recorded Music'' (New York 1936).
* A. Eaglefield-Hull, ''A Dictionary of Modern Music and Musicians'' (Dent, London 1924).
* [[Arthur Eaglefield Hull]], ''A Dictionary of Modern Music and Musicians'' (Dent, London 1924).
* John W. Barker, ''The Pro Arte Quartet: A Century of Musical Adventure on Two Continents'' (University of Rochester, New York 2017).


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.music.wisc.edu/pro-arte Pro Arte Quartet website]
* [http://music.wisc.edu/pro-arte-quartet/ Pro Arte Quartet website]
* [http://artofthestates.org/cgi-bin/performer.pl?ens=6 Art of the States: Pro Arte Quartet] performing ''String Quartet No. 2'' (1945) by [[Ernest Bloch]]
{{Classical-ensemble-stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pro Arte Quartet}}


{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pro Arte Quartet}}
[[Category:Musical groups established in 1912]]
[[Category:Musical groups established in 1912]]
[[Category:String quartets]]
[[Category:American string quartets]]
[[Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison]]
[[Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison]]
[[Category:1912 establishments in Belgium]]

Latest revision as of 09:50, 17 May 2023

The Pro Arte String Quartet is a string quartet founded in Belgium, which became affiliated with the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1941.

History

[edit]

Origins 1912-1941

[edit]

The Pro Arte String Quartet was founded by Alphonse Onnou in Brussels in 1912.[1] After becoming the Court Quartet to Queen Elizabeth of Belgium, the quartet began the first of many international tours in 1919. After the First World War it became famous for the performance of modern music and for its extensive recordings of Haydn. The composers Bartók, Milhaud and Honegger entrusted to the ensemble new works to premiere. The Pro Arte Quartet made its American debut in 1926 in New York and returned for 30 tours to the United States, often under the auspices of the chamber music patron Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge. It performed at the inauguration of the Hall of Music at the Library of Congress in Washington, DC. In 1932 it was named the "Quatuor de la Cour de Belgique". Its first visit to Madison, Wisconsin was in 1938. Two years later, the musicians were stranded in Madison by the outbreak of World War II and accepted a residency at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, the first such residency at a major American university.

The Royal Conservatory of Brussels holds a comprehensive collection of autograph and printed Second Violin scores from Laurent Halleux, who joined the Pro Arte Quartet when he was only fifteen and stayed with the group till 1943. It sheds light on the works performed by the quartet, especially from American composers from the early 20th century such as Aaron Copland, Roy Harris or Louis Gruenberg.

1941-1947

[edit]

While touring in Wisconsin in 1941[inconsistent] they were offered a permanent residency. In 1944, following the disbanding of the Kolisch Quartet, Rudolf Kolisch took up leadership of the Pro Arte in 1944, combined with a Wisconsin Professorship. In 1946, Robert Maas became the original cellist in the newly formed Paganini Quartet. In 1947, violist Germain Prevost, the last of the original members, resigned. In the late 1950s, the Pro Arte Quartet became members of the University's School of Music faculty in addition to being artists-in-residence.[2]

Centennial anniversary commissioning project 2011-2012

[edit]

The Pro Arte Quartet reached its centennial anniversary in 2012. To honor this occasion, the quartet embarked on a commissioning project to include up to eight new works, presented throughout the 2011-2012 season.

Personnel

[edit]

The original personnel of the Pro Arte Quartet were:

1st violin: Alphonse Onnou
2nd violin: Laurent Halleux
viola: Germain Prévost
violoncello: Fernand-Auguste Lemaire

The current personnel are:

1st violin: David Perry
2nd violin: Suzanne Beia
viola: Sally Chisholm
violoncello: Parry Karp

Timeline

[edit]

Recordings

[edit]

(78rpm recordings (Victor/HMV) of the original Pro Arte up to 1936:- )

  • Bartók: Quartet no 1 in A minor op 7 (V 8842-5/DB 2379-82).
  • Bloch: Piano Quintet, with Alfredo Casella (V 7874-7/DB 1882-5).
  • Borodin: Quartet no 2 in D major (V 8609-12/DB 2150-3).
  • Brahms: Quartet no 1 in G minor op 25 (V 8444-7/DB 1813-6).
  • Brahms: Sextet no 1 in B flat major op 18, with Alfred Hobday and Anthony Pini (DB 2566-9).
  • Debussy: Quartet in G minor op 10 (1893) (DB 1878-81).
  • Dvořák: Piano Quintet in A major op 81, with Artur Schnabel (V 8305-8/DB 2177-80).
  • Franck: Quartet in D major (V 8630-5/DB 2051-6).
  • Mozart: Piano quartet no 1 in G minor K 478 with Artur Schnabel (V8562-5/Db 2155-8).
  • Mozart: String Quintet in C major K 515 with Alfred Hobday (V 8712-5/DB 2383-6).
  • Mozart: String Quintet in G minor K 516 with Alfred Hobday (V 7865-8/DB 2173-6).
  • Ravel: Quartet in F major (DB 2135-8).
  • Schubert: String Quintet in C major op 163 with Anthony Pini (DB 2561-5).
  • Schumann: Piano Quintet in E flat major op 44 with Artur Schnabel (V 8685-8/DB 2387-90).
  • Vivaldi: Concerto Grosso no 5 in A major 'a quatre' (V 8827/DB 2148).

The Haydn Quartet Society was formed in 1932 by HMV and by 1936 the Pro Arte recorded five volumes of records available only as complete sets. The contents were:

  • Volume 1: Quartets in C major op 20 no 2; C major op 33 no 3 'Bird'; G major op 77 no 1.
  • Volume 2: Quartets in D major op 33 no 6; G major op 54 no 1; C major op 54 no 2; G minor op 74 no 3.
  • Volume 3: Quartets in F major op 3 no 5; E flat major op 33 no 2; E flat major op 64 no 6; B flat major op 71 no 1.
  • Volume 4: Quartets in E flat major op 50 no 3; C major 'Emperor' op 76 no 3; F minor op 20 no 5.
  • Volume 5: Quartets in D major op 20 no 4; F major op 74 no 2; F major op 77 no 2.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Thus the official website. According to (Eaglefield-Hull 1924), in 1922.
  2. ^ See the history of the quartet in the official website

Sources

[edit]
  • R.D. Darrell, The Gramophone Shop Encyclopedia of Recorded Music (New York 1936).
  • Arthur Eaglefield Hull, A Dictionary of Modern Music and Musicians (Dent, London 1924).
  • John W. Barker, The Pro Arte Quartet: A Century of Musical Adventure on Two Continents (University of Rochester, New York 2017).
[edit]
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