Tipton Green and Toll End Canals: Difference between revisions

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Tipton Green and Toll End Canals

					Tame Valley Canal
					Tame Valley Jn, Ocker Hill Tunnel Jn, Toll End Jn, Walsall Canal
					Toll End Branch

					Toll End Locks (7)
					Horseley Ironworks (original)
					Tipton Green Branch




					Stour Valley Line
					Wolverhampton (BCN Main Line) – BCN New Main Line (Island Line)
					Factory Jn, Tipton Factory Locks (3), Watery Lane Jn

					Tipton Green Locks (3)

					Tipton Green Jn, Tipton Jn. BCN Old Main Line to Birmingham
					to Dudley Tunnel

The Tipton Green Branch and Toll End Branch (or Toll End Communication Canal) were narrow canals comprising part of the Birmingham Canal Navigations near Tipton (formerly in Staffordshire), West Midlands, England. These canals no longer exist.

History

The Tipton Green Branch was completed around 1805 with 3 locks and a length of quarter of a mile.^[1]

The Toll End Branch was authorised by Act of Parliament in 1783 (along with the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal, Broadwaters Canal, and several other branches) to provide access to a proposed new coal mine. Work was started from the Broadwaters Canal (now part of the Walsall Canal) but halted in 1784 for eight years, being completed as a closed branch with two locks in 1801.^[2] In 1806 it was decided to extend this branch to the Tipton Green Branch with further locks, and in January 1809 the Toll End Communication Canal was completed ^[2] making the length 1 ³/₈ miles.^[1]

In 1829 Thomas Telford's BCN New Main Line (Island Line)cut across the Tipton Green Canal, forming Watery Lane Junction, and creating a de facto Tipton Green Locks Branch of three locks and a Toll End Locks Branch of seven locks. From the later 20th Century Caggy's Boatyard occupied the basin at Watery Lane Junction.^[3]

The Horseley Ironworks operated their first foundry from a site between the two branches where many iron bridges, including the Engine Arm Aqueduct (1825), two roving bridges at Smethwick Junction (1828) and Galton Bridge, were cast.

Having suffered from a century or more of declining traffic due to the advent of trains and then motor vehicles, the Tipton Green Branch became disused in 1960, and the Toll End Branch in 1966, after some of the locks along the canal became immovable.^[4] The locks and canals were infilled in 1968. The Tipton Green locks were lined with houses which were built around the mid 19th century, but these were demolished around the time of the canal's closure.

The brick base of one lock on the Tipton Green canal, however, remains in existence, forming part of a public footpath that followed the course of the canal and was opened in about 1975.

One part of the Toll End canal has since been occupied by the car park of a factory in Toll End Road. There is also an "open" drain along the route of the canal at the back of Tipton Cemetery, but apart from this the canal has been almost obliterated. Almost all of the bridges are still in existence, apart from the bridge on Bridge Road which carried the road under the Toll End Canal. This bridge was replaced with a flat road several years after the canal was filled in.

Route

Point	Coordinates (Links to map resources)	OS Grid Ref	Notes
Toll End Junction	52°32′14″N 2°02′08″W / 52.5372°N 2.0356°W / 52.5372; -2.0356 (Toll End Junction)	SO976932	Walsall Canal
Toll End Road bridge	52°32′12″N 2°02′19″W / 52.5367°N 2.0387°W / 52.5367; -2.0387 (Toll End Road bridge)	SO973932
Lock 1	52°32′07″N 2°02′36″W / 52.5353°N 2.0432°W / 52.5353; -2.0432 (Lock 1)	SO970930
Lock 2	52°32′05″N 2°02′48″W / 52.5348°N 2.0467°W / 52.5348; -2.0467 (Lock 2)	SO968930
Northern terminus of Tipton Green Canal	52°32′07″N 2°03′03″W / 52.5352°N 2.0509°W / 52.5352; -2.0509	SO965930
Upper Church Lane bridge on Tipton Green Canal	52°31′57″N 2°03′21″W / 52.5325°N 2.0557°W / 52.5325; -2.0557	SO962927
Horseley Ironworks (original site)	52°32′02″N 2°03′06″W / 52.5338°N 2.0517°W / 52.5338; -2.0517 (Horseley Ironworks)	SO964929
Lock 3	52°31′54″N 2°03′16″W / 52.5316°N 2.0545°W / 52.5316; -2.0545 (Lock 3)	SO963926
Lock 4	52°31′54″N 2°03′20″W / 52.5316°N 2.0556°W / 52.5316; -2.0556 (Lock 4)	SO962926
Junction with Tipton Green Canal	52°31′55″N 2°03′23″W / 52.5319°N 2.0565°W / 52.5319; -2.0565 (Junction with Tipton Green Canal)	SO961927
Lock 5	52°31′49″N 2°03′33″W / 52.5304°N 2.0593°W / 52.5304; -2.0593 (Lock 5)	SO959925	(Tipton Green Canal)
Lock 6	52°31′46″N 2°03′43″W / 52.5294°N 2.0620°W / 52.5294; -2.0620 (Lock 6)	SO957924	under Alexander Road bridge (Tipton Green Canal)
Basin	52°31′47″N 2°03′46″W / 52.5296°N 2.0628°W / 52.5296; -2.0628 (Basin)	SO957924
Lock 7	52°31′45″N 2°03′48″W / 52.5291°N 2.0633°W / 52.5291; -2.0633 (Lock 7)	SO957924	(Tipton Green Canal)
Watery Lane Junction	52°31′44″N 2°03′50″W / 52.5289°N 2.0638°W / 52.5289; -2.0638 (Watery Lane Junction)	SO956923	BCN New Main Line (Island Line)
Lock 8	52°31′45″N 2°03′48″W / 52.5291°N 2.0633°W / 52.5291; -2.0633 (Lock 8)	SO957924	(Tipton Green Canal)
Lock 9	52°31′40″N 2°04′08″W / 52.5278°N 2.0688°W / 52.5278; -2.0688 (Lock 9)	SO953922	(Tipton Green Canal)
Lock 10	52°31′39″N 2°04′12″W / 52.5275°N 2.0699°W / 52.5275; -2.0699 (Lock 10)	SO952922	under Elliotts Road bridge (Tipton Green Canal)
Tipton Green Junction	52°31′39″N 2°04′12″W / 52.5275°N 2.0701°W / 52.5275; -2.0701 (Tipton Green Junction)	SO952922	BCN Old Main Line (Tipton Green Canal)

Map all coordinates using OpenStreetMap

Download coordinates as:

References

^ ^a ^b Hadfield, Charles (1969). The Canals of the West Midlands (Second ed.). David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-4660-1.
^ ^a ^b Broadbridge, S. R. (1974). The Birmingham Canal Navigations, Vol. 1 1768 - 1846. David & Charles. ISBN 0-7509-2077-7.
^ Pearson, Michael (1989). Canal Companion - Birmingham Canal Navigations. J. M. Pearson & Associates. ISBN 0-907864-49-X.
^ Historical Map of the Birmingham Canals, Richard Dean, M. & M. Baldwin, 1989, ISBN 0-947712-08-9

Ordnance Survey Six Inch Series (1:10,560), Map SO99SE, 1955
Historical Map of the Birmingham Canals, Richard Dean, M. & M. Baldwin, 1989, ISBN 0-947712-08-9

52°31′55″N 2°03′23″W / 52.5319°N 2.0565°W / 52.5319; -2.0565

[hadfield-1] Hadfield, Charles (1969). The Canals of the West Midlands (Second ed.). David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-4660-1.

[broadbridge-2] Broadbridge, S. R. (1974). The Birmingham Canal Navigations, Vol. 1 1768 - 1846. David & Charles. ISBN 0-7509-2077-7.

[3] Pearson, Michael (1989). Canal Companion - Birmingham Canal Navigations. J. M. Pearson & Associates. ISBN 0-907864-49-X.

[4] Historical Map of the Birmingham Canals, Richard Dean, M. & M. Baldwin, 1989, ISBN 0-947712-08-9

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Defunct canal system near Tipton, West Midlands}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
+{{Use British English|date=September 2017}}
 {{Tipton Green and Toll End Canals map}}
+[[File:Tipton Green derelict lock.jpg|right|thumb|A derelict lock on the Tipton Green Canal, closed in the 1960s, now a public walkway.]]
+[[File:Watery Lane Junction.jpg|right|thumb|Watery Lane Junction. Caggy's Boatyard (started in the 1960s), within the start of the derelict Toll End Communication Canal (left and centre bridges).]]
+[[File:BCN canal map Wednesbury Oak.svg|right|300px|thumb|The canals of the BCN around Tipton. Tipton Green and Toll End Branches running across the centre]]
 The '''Tipton Green Branch''' and '''Toll End Branch''' (or '''Toll End Communication Canal''') were narrow canals comprising part of the [[Birmingham Canal Navigations]] near [[Tipton]] (formerly in [[Staffordshire]]), [[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]], [[England]]. These canals no longer exist.
 ==History==
-The Tipton Green Branch was completed around 1805 with 3 locks and a length of quarter of a mile. <ref name=hadfield>{{cite book |last= Hadfield|first= Charles |title= The Canals of the West Midlands|origdate= |edition= Second|date= 1969|publisher= David & Charles|isbn= 0-7153-4660-1}}</ref>
+The Tipton Green Branch was completed around 1805 with 3 locks and a length of quarter of a mile.<ref name=hadfield>{{cite book |last= Hadfield|first= Charles |title= The Canals of the West Midlands|edition= Second|year= 1969|publisher= David & Charles|isbn= 0-7153-4660-1}}</ref>
-The Toll End Branch was authorised by [[Act of Parliament]] in 1783 (along with the [[Birmingham and Fazeley Canal]], Broadwaters Canal, and several other branches) to provide access to a proposed new coal mine. Work was started from the Broadwaters Canal (now part of the [[Walsall Canal]]) but halted in 1784 for eight years, being completed as a closed branch with two locks in 1801.<ref name=broadbridge>{{cite book |last= Broadbridge|first= S. R.|title= The Birmingham Canal Navigations, Vol. 1 1768 - 1846|origdate= 1974|publisher= [[David & Charles]]|isbn= 0-7509-2077-7}} </ref> In 1806 it was decided to extend this branch to the Tipton Green Branch with further locks, and in January 1809 the '''Toll End Communication Canal''' was completed <ref name=broadbridge/> making the length 1 <sup>3</sup>/<sub>8</sub> miles. <ref name=hadfield>
+The [[Toll End|Toll End Branch]] was authorised by [[Act of Parliament]] in 1783 (along with the [[Birmingham and Fazeley Canal]], Broadwaters Canal, and several other branches) to provide access to a proposed new coal mine. Work was started from the Broadwaters Canal (now part of the [[Walsall Canal]]) but halted in 1784 for eight years, being completed as a closed branch with two locks in 1801.<ref name=broadbridge>{{cite book |last= Broadbridge|first= S. R.|title= The Birmingham Canal Navigations, Vol. 1 1768 - 1846|year= 1974|publisher= [[David & Charles]]|isbn= 0-7509-2077-7}}</ref> In 1806 it was decided to extend this branch to the Tipton Green Branch with further locks, and in January 1809 the '''Toll End Communication Canal''' was completed <ref name=broadbridge/> making the length 1 <sup>3</sup>/<sub>8</sub> miles.<ref name=hadfield/>
-In 1829 [[Thomas Telford| Thomas Telford's]] [[BCN New Main Line]] (Island Line)cut across the Tipton Green Canal, forming Watery Lane Junction, and creating a de-facto Tipton Green Locks Branch of three locks and a Toll End Locks Branch of seven locks. From the later 20th Century Caggy's Boatyard occupied the basin at Watery Lane Junction.<ref>{{cite book |last= Pearson|first= Michael|authorlink= |coauthors= |editor= |others= |title=Canal Companion - Birmingham Canal Navigations|origdate= 1989|publisher= J. M. Pearson & Associates|isbn= 0-907864-49-X}}</ref>
+In 1829 [[Thomas Telford| Thomas Telford's]] [[BCN New Main Line]] (Island Line)cut across the Tipton Green Canal, forming Watery Lane Junction, and creating a de facto Tipton Green Locks Branch of three locks and a Toll End Locks Branch of seven locks. From the later 20th Century Caggy's Boatyard occupied the basin at Watery Lane Junction.<ref>{{cite book |last= Pearson|first= Michael|title=Canal Companion - Birmingham Canal Navigations|year= 1989|publisher= J. M. Pearson & Associates|isbn= 0-907864-49-X}}</ref>
 The [[Horseley Ironworks]] operated their first foundry from a site between the two branches where many iron bridges, including the [[Engine Arm Aqueduct]] (1825), two [[roving bridge]]s at [[Smethwick Junction (canal)|Smethwick Junction]] (1828) and [[Galton Bridge]], were cast.
-The Tipton Green Branch became disused in the 1960, and the Toll End Branch in 1966.<ref>''Historical Map of the Birmingham Canals'', Richard Dean, M. & M. Baldwin, 1989, ISBN 0-947712-08-9</ref> The locks and canals have been filled in.
+Having suffered from a century or more of declining traffic due to the advent of trains and then motor vehicles, the [[Tipton Green]] Branch became disused in 1960, and the Toll End Branch in 1966, after some of the locks along the canal became immovable.<ref>''Historical Map of the Birmingham Canals'', Richard Dean, M. & M. Baldwin, 1989, {{ISBN|0-947712-08-9}}</ref> The locks and canals were infilled in 1968. The Tipton Green locks were lined with houses which were built around the mid 19th century, but these were demolished around the time of the canal's closure.
+The brick base of one lock on the Tipton Green canal, however, remains in existence, forming part of a public footpath that followed the course of the canal and was opened in about 1975.
+One part of the [[Toll End]] canal has since been occupied by the car park of a factory in Toll End Road. There is also an "open" drain along the route of the canal at the back of Tipton Cemetery, but apart from this the canal has been almost obliterated. Almost all of the bridges are still in existence, apart from the bridge on Bridge Road which carried the road under the Toll End Canal. This bridge was replaced with a flat road several years after the canal was filled in.
 ==Route==
-{{PoIgb start}}
+{{PoIgb start|type=collapsed}}
 {{PoIgb|Toll End Junction|52.5372|-2.0356|SO976932|[[Walsall Canal]]}}
 {{PoIgb|Toll End Road bridge|52.5367|-2.0387|SO973932}}
@@ Line 22: / Line 31: @@
 {{PoIgb|Northern terminus of Tipton Green Canal|52.5352|-2.0509|SO965930|}}
 {{PoIgb|Upper Church Lane bridge on Tipton Green Canal|52.5325|-2.0557|SO962927|}}
-{{PoIgb|Horseley Ironworks (original site)|52.5338|-2.0517|SO964929|}}
+{{PoIgb|[[Horseley Ironworks]] (original site)|52.5338|-2.0517|SO964929|name=Horseley Ironworks}}
 {{PoIgb|Lock 3|52.5316|-2.0545|SO963926}}
 {{PoIgb|Lock 4|52.5316|-2.0556|SO962926}}
-{{PoIgb|Junction with Tipton Green Canal|52.5319|-2.0565|SO961927|display=inline,title}}
+{{PoIgb|Junction with Tipton Green Canal|52.5319|-2.0565|SO961927}}
 {{PoIgb|Lock 5|52.5304|-2.0593|SO959925|(Tipton Green Canal)}}
 {{PoIgb|Lock 6|52.5294|-2.0620|SO957924|under Alexander Road bridge (Tipton Green Canal)}}
@@ Line 36: / Line 45: @@
 {{PoIgb|Tipton Green Junction|52.5275|-2.0701|SO952922|[[BCN Old Main Line]] (Tipton Green Canal)}}
 {{PoIgb end}}
+{{kml}}
+==See also==
+{{Portal|United Kingdom|Transport}}
+*[[Canals of the United Kingdom]]
+*[[History of the British canal system]]
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
 *Ordnance Survey Six Inch Series (1:10,560), Map SO99SE, 1955
-*''Historical Map of the Birmingham Canals'', Richard Dean, M. & M. Baldwin, 1989, ISBN 0-947712-08-9
+*''Historical Map of the Birmingham Canals'', Richard Dean, M. & M. Baldwin, 1989, {{ISBN|0-947712-08-9}}
-{{kml}}
+{{Birmingham Canal Navigations}}
+{{coord|52.5319|-2.0565|display=title|region:GB_dim:1000}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Tipton Green And Toll End Canals}}
-[[Category: Birmingham Canal Navigations]]
+[[Category:Birmingham Canal Navigations]]
 [[Category:Tipton]]
-[[Category:Transport in the West Midlands]]
+[[Category:Canals in the West Midlands (county)]]
 [[Category:Transport in Staffordshire]]
+[[Category:Canals opened in 1805]]
+[[Category:Canals opened in 1809]]
+[[Category:1805 establishments in England]]

v t e Birmingham Canal Navigations
Navigable	BCN Main Line Birmingham and Fazeley Canal Bumble Hole Branch Canal Cannock Extension Canal Digbeth Branch Canal Dudley Canal Engine Arm Gower Branch Canal Icknield Port Loop Netherton Tunnel Branch Canal Rushall Canal Soho Loop Spon Lane Locks Branch Tame Valley Canal Titford Canal Walsall Canal Wednesbury Oak Loop Wednesbury Old Canal Wyrley and Essington Canal
Unnavigable	Anson Branch Bentley Canal Bradley Branch Lichfield Canal Ridgacre Branch Tipton Green and Toll End Canals
Junctions	Aldersley Junction Aston Junction Birchills Junction Bromford Junction Catshill Junction Fazeley Junction Horseley Fields Junction Huddlesford Junction Ogley Junction Old Turn Junction Pelsall Junction Rumer Hill Junction Rushall Junction Salford Junction Smethwick Junction Spon Lane Junction Tame Valley Junction
Reservoirs	Chasewater Edgbaston Reservoir Netherton Reservoir
Tunnels	Dudley Tunnel Lapal Tunnel
Aqueducts	Engine Arm Aqueduct Stewart Aqueduct
Bridges and viaducts	Galton Bridge Parkhead Viaduct Summit Bridge
Pumping stations	Smethwick Engine
Locks	Delph Locks
Basins	Gas Street Basin
Adjoining canals	Coventry Canal Grand Union Canal Pensnett Canal Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal Stourbridge Canal Worcester and Birmingham Canal
Other	Boat Gauging House, Tipton Galton Valley Canal Heritage Centre Water levels of the Birmingham Canal Navigations